Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.240
Khalil Ibrahim Alabid, H. Nasser
In this paper, phenol was determined in a liquid solution based on fabricating a phenol-selective electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The carbon paste electrode was modified with nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) which were doped with nitrogen carbon quantum dots (NCQD) as the NiO-NCQD nanocomposite. The modified carbon paste electrode was manufactured in a laboratory at optimized pH. In the optimized condition, the best results were created at pH 7.0 and 4.0 using KH2PO4 buffer solution. By voltammetry, the voltage was optimized, and the best value for the voltages was obtained at 0.04166V and 0.05991V for pH 4 and 7, respectively. The scan rate (SR) was studied and the best SR was achieved at 100 mv s-1 for both pH. Due to the results, a wide linear dynamic range between 10 to 1000 μM was obtained. Also, the standard phenol solution was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The retention time (RT), the wavelength maximum (λ max: nm), and the peak area equation of HPLC were achieved at 2.982 min, 270 nm, and (Area=40420CPhenol+ 43.557), respectively by the concentration range of 0.1-5.0 mg L-1. The NiO-NCQD adsorbent determined phenol by cyclic voltammetry and compared it with the HPLC technique.
{"title":"Modified carbon paste electrode based on nanotechnology for determining phenol in the liquid solutions by cyclic voltammetry and comparing to high-performance liquid Chromatography","authors":"Khalil Ibrahim Alabid, H. Nasser","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.240","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, phenol was determined in a liquid solution based on fabricating a phenol-selective electrode by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The carbon paste electrode was modified with nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) which were doped with nitrogen carbon quantum dots (NCQD) as the NiO-NCQD nanocomposite. The modified carbon paste electrode was manufactured in a laboratory at optimized pH. In the optimized condition, the best results were created at pH 7.0 and 4.0 using KH2PO4 buffer solution. By voltammetry, the voltage was optimized, and the best value for the voltages was obtained at 0.04166V and 0.05991V for pH 4 and 7, respectively. The scan rate (SR) was studied and the best SR was achieved at 100 mv s-1 for both pH. Due to the results, a wide linear dynamic range between 10 to 1000 μM was obtained. Also, the standard phenol solution was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The retention time (RT), the wavelength maximum (λ max: nm), and the peak area equation of HPLC were achieved at 2.982 min, 270 nm, and (Area=40420CPhenol+ 43.557), respectively by the concentration range of 0.1-5.0 mg L-1. The NiO-NCQD adsorbent determined phenol by cyclic voltammetry and compared it with the HPLC technique. ","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72978232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The continuous exposure of the environment to carcinogenic wastes and toxic chlorophenols such as pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) resulting from industrial production activities is become a great concern. The search for cost efficient and ecofriendly approach to phytoremediation of water will guarantee sustainability. The present research work is concerned with cost benefit evaluation, and the optimization modeling of the competitive biosorption of PCP and TCP from aqueous solution to Cana indica. L (CiL-plant) using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) model. The predictive performances of the ANN model and the RSM were compared based on their statistical metrics. The antagonistic and synergetic effect of significant biosorption variables (pH, initial concentration, and exposure time) on the biosorption process were studied at p-values ≤0.005. The optimized output transcends to PCP and TCP removal rates of 90% and 87.99% efficiencies at predicted r-squared ≤0.9999, at 95% confidence interval. The cost benefit evaluation established that at the optimum conditions, the cost of operating the removal of TCP from aqueous solution will save $ 7.72 compared to PCP. The reliability of the optimization model based on design of experiment was proven to be more sustainable compared to the one-factor-at-a-time methodologies.
{"title":"Artificial Neural Network and Response Surface Design for Modeling the Competitive Biosorption of Pentachlorophenol and 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol to Canna indica L. in Aquaponia","authors":"Enyoh Christian Ebere, Prosper Eguono Ovuoraye, Obinna Isiuku, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.228","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous exposure of the environment to carcinogenic wastes and toxic chlorophenols such as pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) resulting from industrial production activities is become a great concern. The search for cost efficient and ecofriendly approach to phytoremediation of water will guarantee sustainability. The present research work is concerned with cost benefit evaluation, and the optimization modeling of the competitive biosorption of PCP and TCP from aqueous solution to Cana indica. L (CiL-plant) using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) model. The predictive performances of the ANN model and the RSM were compared based on their statistical metrics. The antagonistic and synergetic effect of significant biosorption variables (pH, initial concentration, and exposure time) on the biosorption process were studied at p-values ≤0.005. The optimized output transcends to PCP and TCP removal rates of 90% and 87.99% efficiencies at predicted r-squared ≤0.9999, at 95% confidence interval. The cost benefit evaluation established that at the optimum conditions, the cost of operating the removal of TCP from aqueous solution will save $ 7.72 compared to PCP. The reliability of the optimization model based on design of experiment was proven to be more sustainable compared to the one-factor-at-a-time methodologies.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77419412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.219
A. Ibrahim
This study focused on the adsorption behavior of the cationic CrystalViolet (CV) dye from aqueous solutions using a Co+2‒hectoritecomposite as an adsorbent surface. The initial and equilibrium CV dyeconcentrations were determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Theresults were discussed and presented for the impacts of pH, primary CVdye concentration, composite dosage, and temperature. The optimumconditions were found for eliminating Crys tal Violet dye from theaqueous solution at a pH 4, ideal temperature 293 K, and 0.5 g L-1of composite dose. The pseudo-second-order kinetic, intraparticlediffusion analyzed the tes ts’ data and film diffusion models. Eachmodel’s defining features have been identified, and these models werein good agreement and in charge of regulating the adsorption reaction.The adsorption operation was also thermodynamically examined todetermine thermodynamic variables such as Gibbs free energy (ΔGo),entropy (ΔSo), activation energy (Ea), and enthalpy (ΔHo). The negativevalue of Gibbs free energy (ΔGo) and enthalpy (ΔHo) indicated thatthe adsorption process was a spontaneous and exothermic reaction.While the activation energy (Ea) data which fell within the normalrange for physisorption, was showed at 22.434 kJ mol-1. The physical adsorption occurs between CV dye and adsorbent .
本研究主要研究了阳离子结晶紫(CV)染料在水溶液中的吸附行为，该染料采用Co+2 - hectorit复合材料作为吸附表面。用紫外-可见分光光度计测定了初始浓度和平衡浓度。讨论了pH、初始CVdye浓度、复合用量、温度等因素对合成效果的影响。在pH值为4、理想温度为293 K、复合剂量为0.5 g l -1的条件下，发现了从水溶液中去除紫晶染料的最佳条件。伪二级动力学、颗粒内扩散分析了实验数据和膜扩散模型。确定了每个模型的定义特征，这些模型具有良好的一致性，并负责调节吸附反应。吸附操作还进行了热力学检查，以确定热力学变量，如吉布斯自由能(ΔGo)，熵(ΔSo)，活化能(Ea)和焓(ΔHo)。吉布斯自由能(ΔGo)和焓(ΔHo)均为负值，表明吸附过程为自发放热反应。而活化能(Ea)数据为22.434 kJ mol-1，在物理吸附的正常范围内。CV染料与吸附剂之间发生物理吸附。
{"title":"Adsorption behavior of Crys tal Violet dye in aqueous solution using Co+2 hectorite composite as adsorbent surface","authors":"A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.219","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on the adsorption behavior of the cationic CrystalViolet (CV) dye from aqueous solutions using a Co+2‒hectoritecomposite as an adsorbent surface. The initial and equilibrium CV dyeconcentrations were determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Theresults were discussed and presented for the impacts of pH, primary CVdye concentration, composite dosage, and temperature. The optimumconditions were found for eliminating Crys tal Violet dye from theaqueous solution at a pH 4, ideal temperature 293 K, and 0.5 g L-1of composite dose. The pseudo-second-order kinetic, intraparticlediffusion analyzed the tes ts’ data and film diffusion models. Eachmodel’s defining features have been identified, and these models werein good agreement and in charge of regulating the adsorption reaction.The adsorption operation was also thermodynamically examined todetermine thermodynamic variables such as Gibbs free energy (ΔGo),entropy (ΔSo), activation energy (Ea), and enthalpy (ΔHo). The negativevalue of Gibbs free energy (ΔGo) and enthalpy (ΔHo) indicated thatthe adsorption process was a spontaneous and exothermic reaction.While the activation energy (Ea) data which fell within the normalrange for physisorption, was showed at 22.434 kJ mol-1. The physical adsorption occurs between CV dye and adsorbent .","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88067419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.223
H. Al-Lami, Hussein A. Al-Mosawi, N. A. Awad
In recent years, numerous researchers have concentrated on the process of turning waste into usable materials. Polystyrene and its modifications have received great attention over the past few decades due to their outstanding ion exchange behavior toward various toxic heavy metals in aqueous solutions. Therefore, this study is concerned with the preparation of three different cationic polymeric resins for the removal of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Fe3+ heavy metal ions from their contaminated water samples based on the sulfonated single-used polystyrene teacup waste (SPS), which was used to prepare sulfonated polystyrene-g-acrylamide monomer (SPS-g-Acryl) and sulfonated polystyrene-g-chitosan (SPS-g-Chit) using commercial chitosan (DD=85%) originally extracted from shrimp cortex. The concentrations of the selected heavy metal ions were measured before and after each experiment with a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (F-AAS). The analytical studies started by exploring the influence of pH (2, 4, 6, and 8) on removing the heavy metal ions Pb2+, Cd2+, and Fe3+ from their aqueous solutions. The obtained results revealed that as the pH of the analyzed ion solution is increased, the removal efficiency for ions increases. All three resins (SPS, SPS-g-Acryl, and SPS-g-Chit) had different removal efficiencies for the investigated ions, with SPS-g-Chit resin.
{"title":"Preparation of recycled poly s tyrene derivatives to remove heavy metal ions from contaminated water","authors":"H. Al-Lami, Hussein A. Al-Mosawi, N. A. Awad","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.223","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, numerous researchers have concentrated on the process of turning waste into usable materials. Polystyrene and its modifications have received great attention over the past few decades due to their outstanding ion exchange behavior toward various toxic heavy metals in aqueous solutions. Therefore, this study is concerned with the preparation of three different cationic polymeric resins for the removal of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Fe3+ heavy metal ions from their contaminated water samples based on the sulfonated single-used polystyrene teacup waste (SPS), which was used to prepare sulfonated polystyrene-g-acrylamide monomer (SPS-g-Acryl) and sulfonated polystyrene-g-chitosan (SPS-g-Chit) using commercial chitosan (DD=85%) originally extracted from shrimp cortex. The concentrations of the selected heavy metal ions were measured before and after each experiment with a flame atomic absorption spectrometer (F-AAS). The analytical studies started by exploring the influence of pH (2, 4, 6, and 8) on removing the heavy metal ions Pb2+, Cd2+, and Fe3+ from their aqueous solutions. The obtained results revealed that as the pH of the analyzed ion solution is increased, the removal efficiency for ions increases. All three resins (SPS, SPS-g-Acryl, and SPS-g-Chit) had different removal efficiencies for the investigated ions, with SPS-g-Chit resin.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86751633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.234
F. Norouzi, M. Faraji, R. Sadeghi, A. Faghihi-Zarandi, Farshid Shabani Boroujeni
The present study aimed to extract pesticide residues in the field and greenhouse-grown tomatoes and homemade paste based on the (QuEChERS) method before being determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The mean difference in percentage reduction of deltamethrin (DLM) and acetamiprid (ACT) in raw tomatoes of greenhouse-grown was obtained at 91.42 and 90.00%, respectively, which was insignificantly more than filed condition (84.91% and 86.34%). Maximum reduction percentages of the DLM in paste under greenhouse and field tomato conditions were achieved by more than 95.86% and 93.11%, respectively. The residual concentration of both DLM (91.42%) and ACT (90.00%) in the greenhouse decreased more than the field (84.91% and 86.34%), respectively. Abamectin(ABA) reached below the MRL in a shorter time after spraying (2 days). Considering the pre-harvest interval (PHI) period of deltamethrin and abamectin can reach their residual concentration to the MRL in both conditions, which were determined by LC-MS. According to the results of the current study, 7 and 5 days can be suggested as the PHI period of the acetamiprid for field and greenhouse-grown tomatoes, respectively. Therefore, using pesticides in the proper dosage, considering appropriate PHI, and harvesting can reduce their residues in agricultural products.
{"title":"Determination and analysis of pesticide residues in fieldgrown and greenhouse-grown tomatoes using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry","authors":"F. Norouzi, M. Faraji, R. Sadeghi, A. Faghihi-Zarandi, Farshid Shabani Boroujeni","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.234","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to extract pesticide residues in the field and greenhouse-grown tomatoes and homemade paste based on the (QuEChERS) method before being determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The mean difference in percentage reduction of deltamethrin (DLM) and acetamiprid (ACT) in raw tomatoes of greenhouse-grown was obtained at 91.42 and 90.00%, respectively, which was insignificantly more than filed condition (84.91% and 86.34%). Maximum reduction percentages of the DLM in paste under greenhouse and field tomato conditions were achieved by more than 95.86% and 93.11%, respectively. The residual concentration of both DLM (91.42%) and ACT (90.00%) in the greenhouse decreased more than the field (84.91% and 86.34%), respectively. Abamectin(ABA) reached below the MRL in a shorter time after spraying (2 days). Considering the pre-harvest interval (PHI) period of deltamethrin and abamectin can reach their residual concentration to the MRL in both conditions, which were determined by LC-MS. According to the results of the current study, 7 and 5 days can be suggested as the PHI period of the acetamiprid for field and greenhouse-grown tomatoes, respectively. Therefore, using pesticides in the proper dosage, considering appropriate PHI, and harvesting can reduce their residues in agricultural products.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86730756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.227
Khalil Ibrahim Alabid, H. Nasser
The behavior of phenol was studied and determined using the modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) with nickel oxide nanoparticles doped by nitrogen carbon quantum dots as nanoadsorbent (NiO - NCQD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The MCP electrode was manufactured in a laboratory. The modified carbon paste consisted of 12% (NiO-NCQD), 44% of graphite powder and 44% of paraffin oil to get a modified carbonate paste. Cyclic voltammetry can provide behavior information; as such: diffusion coefficient (D), charge transfer coefficient (α.nα), the mass transport (mtrans) found that diffusion coefficient, the reduction of mass transport (mtrans) by increasing the phenol concentration in the solution, and increasing of constant K0 when the concentration of phenol increased in the solution. Also, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) are studied and calculated. In this study, EHOMO=4.92eV, ELUMO=0.32eV, and ΔG=-4.17 were considered. The drinking water samples from Latakia city were analyzed based on NiO-NCQD adsorbent using the MCPE method (NiO-NCQD/MCPE). The phenol concentration in the drinking water sample in Latakia was achieved less than the quantitative detection limit (LOQ), and the proposed procedure was validated by spiking samples.
{"title":"Study of the behavior and determination of phenol Based on modified carbon pa s te electrode with nickel oxide-nitrogen carbon quantum dots using cyclic voltammetry","authors":"Khalil Ibrahim Alabid, H. Nasser","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.227","url":null,"abstract":"The behavior of phenol was studied and determined using the modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) with nickel oxide nanoparticles doped by nitrogen carbon quantum dots as nanoadsorbent (NiO - NCQD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The MCP electrode was manufactured in a laboratory. The modified carbon paste consisted of 12% (NiO-NCQD), 44% of graphite powder and 44% of paraffin oil to get a modified carbonate paste. Cyclic voltammetry can provide behavior information; as such: diffusion coefficient (D), charge transfer coefficient (α.nα), the mass transport (mtrans) found that diffusion coefficient, the reduction of mass transport (mtrans) by increasing the phenol concentration in the solution, and increasing of constant K0 when the concentration of phenol increased in the solution. Also, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) are studied and calculated. In this study, EHOMO=4.92eV, ELUMO=0.32eV, and ΔG=-4.17 were considered. The drinking water samples from Latakia city were analyzed based on NiO-NCQD adsorbent using the MCPE method (NiO-NCQD/MCPE). The phenol concentration in the drinking water sample in Latakia was achieved less than the quantitative detection limit (LOQ), and the proposed procedure was validated by spiking samples.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86157559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.225
Nazanin Sadat Mousavi, Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi, I. Alizadeh, Ali Faghihi zarandi, Mohsen Mehdipour Rabori, Nasrollah Saberi, M. Gorouhi
In the last few years, using chemical insecticides to control the malaria vector has caused environmental pollution and resistance to chemical insecticides. This study aimed to investigate the chemical analysis of essential oils of Thymus carmanicus Jalas by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and toxicity activity against the major Iranian malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi. The essential oil of Thymus carmanicus Jalas was prepared from dried leaves using the hydro-distillation method. Gaschromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to analyze and identify thyme essential oil compounds. Bioassay was performed using World Health Organization (WHO) standard test. The T. Carmanicus Jalas essential oil consisted of 15 compounds, with Carvacrol (61%), Thymol (6%), and β-caryophyllene (5%) being the major components by volume. The LC50 and LC90 of thyme oil were 20.37 and 41.38 ppm at 24h after application, respectively. At 24h after application, significant differences were observed between the toxicity of 5%, 20%, 25%, 40%, 50%, and 80% concentrations of Thyme essential oil (P<0.05). The 80% concentration of Thyme essential oil exhibited 100% toxicity against A.stephensi larvae at 24h after application. T. Carmanicus has a rich source of bioactive compounds for use as a mosquito larvicide.
{"title":"Chemical analysis of essential oils of Thymus Carmanicus Jalas by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and toxicity activity agains t the major Iranian malaria vector, Anopheles Stephensi","authors":"Nazanin Sadat Mousavi, Alireza Sanei-Dehkordi, I. Alizadeh, Ali Faghihi zarandi, Mohsen Mehdipour Rabori, Nasrollah Saberi, M. Gorouhi","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.225","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, using chemical insecticides to control the malaria vector has caused environmental pollution and resistance to chemical insecticides. This study aimed to investigate the chemical analysis of essential oils of Thymus carmanicus Jalas by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and toxicity activity against the major Iranian malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi. The essential oil of Thymus carmanicus Jalas was prepared from dried leaves using the hydro-distillation method. Gaschromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to analyze and identify thyme essential oil compounds. Bioassay was performed using World Health Organization (WHO) standard test. The T. Carmanicus Jalas essential oil consisted of 15 compounds, with Carvacrol (61%), Thymol (6%), and β-caryophyllene (5%) being the major components by volume. The LC50 and LC90 of thyme oil were 20.37 and 41.38 ppm at 24h after application, respectively. At 24h after application, significant differences were observed between the toxicity of 5%, 20%, 25%, 40%, 50%, and 80% concentrations of Thyme essential oil (P<0.05). The 80% concentration of Thyme essential oil exhibited 100% toxicity against A.stephensi larvae at 24h after application. T. Carmanicus has a rich source of bioactive compounds for use as a mosquito larvicide.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86547556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.224
Madhawa Nawarathne, Ruvini Weerasinghe, C. Dharmarathne
Arsenic is a highly toxic metalloid that forms different chemical states in nature, including arsenate and arsenite, as common inorganic forms. Exposure to arsenic may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, the detection of arsenic is critical. Exploring new approaches with low detection ranges and high sensitivity is crucial. This review paper consists of optical methods, including colorimetric and fluorometric methods, which detect arsenite and arsenate. Initially proposed colorimetric approaches such as the Gutzeit and molybdenum blue method can easily to use. However, the production of toxic substances limits their applications. Later, structurally modified molecules, nanoparticle-based assays, and their modifications are used for arsenic detection. Fluorometric methods also have noticeable attention to arsenic detection. Fluorescent approaches reported in this paper are based on semiconductor nanomaterials, other nanomaterials, and their modifications, etc. In addition, arsenate's catalytic and inhibitory activity on enzyme activity can be used to detect arsenic through colorimetric and fluorometric methods. This review highlighted the advantages, disadvantages, comparisons, and uses of colorimetric and fluorometric methods in detecting arsenite and arsenate.
{"title":"Colorimetric and Fluorometric detection of arsenic: arsenate and arsenite","authors":"Madhawa Nawarathne, Ruvini Weerasinghe, C. Dharmarathne","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i01.224","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic is a highly toxic metalloid that forms different chemical states in nature, including arsenate and arsenite, as common inorganic forms. Exposure to arsenic may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, the detection of arsenic is critical. Exploring new approaches with low detection ranges and high sensitivity is crucial. This review paper consists of optical methods, including colorimetric and fluorometric methods, which detect arsenite and arsenate. Initially proposed colorimetric approaches such as the Gutzeit and molybdenum blue method can easily to use. However, the production of toxic substances limits their applications. Later, structurally modified molecules, nanoparticle-based assays, and their modifications are used for arsenic detection. Fluorometric methods also have noticeable attention to arsenic detection. Fluorescent approaches reported in this paper are based on semiconductor nanomaterials, other nanomaterials, and their modifications, etc. In addition, arsenate's catalytic and inhibitory activity on enzyme activity can be used to detect arsenic through colorimetric and fluorometric methods. This review highlighted the advantages, disadvantages, comparisons, and uses of colorimetric and fluorometric methods in detecting arsenite and arsenate.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79221372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v5.i04.207
Asha Valsalan, P. Sivaranjana
Due to the development of nanotechnology and changing customer demands for food safety and hygiene, the food packaging industry is growing significantly. In today's worldwide market, active packaging offers a number of advantages over traditional wrapping because of its capacity to absorb or release substances to improve the shelf life of food. Traditional food packaging materials are difficult to recycle and are made from nonrenewable fossil fuels. The development of biodegradable films using Nano cellulose can be a good replacement for synthetic plastic packaging materials and can be a good solution for this problem. Other than that it has multiple advantages regarding tensile and physical properties, also as reducing health hazards. Tensile and physical characteristics are improved and water vapor permeability is decreased with the addition of cellulose nanoparticles to the biodegradable films/biodegradable composite films. The production of biodegradable materials employing Nano cellulose has been covered in this review study in four different ways, including extracts from agricultural waste, rice husk, various plant extracts, and biopolymer composite material in food packaging. The reason for using Nano cellulose-based biodegradable films in food packaging is also reviewed in this article. The key points for future research related to Nanocellulose and biodegradable films.
{"title":"Review Article: Development of biodegradable films using nanocellulose for food packaging application","authors":"Asha Valsalan, P. Sivaranjana","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v5.i04.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v5.i04.207","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the development of nanotechnology and changing customer demands for food safety and hygiene, the food packaging industry is growing significantly. In today's worldwide market, active packaging offers a number of advantages over traditional wrapping because of its capacity to absorb or release substances to improve the shelf life of food. Traditional food packaging materials are difficult to recycle and are made from nonrenewable fossil fuels. The development of biodegradable films using Nano cellulose can be a good replacement for synthetic plastic packaging materials and can be a good solution for this problem. Other than that it has multiple advantages regarding tensile and physical properties, also as reducing health hazards. Tensile and physical characteristics are improved and water vapor permeability is decreased with the addition of cellulose nanoparticles to the biodegradable films/biodegradable composite films. The production of biodegradable materials employing Nano cellulose has been covered in this review study in four different ways, including extracts from agricultural waste, rice husk, various plant extracts, and biopolymer composite material in food packaging. The reason for using Nano cellulose-based biodegradable films in food packaging is also reviewed in this article. The key points for future research related to Nanocellulose and biodegradable films. ","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78632888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v5.i04.216
S. Javan, Mohammad Reza Rezaei Kahkha, F. Moghaddam, Mohsen Faghihi-Zarandi, Anahita Hejazi
Methyl orange (MO) is a common anionic azo dye that is a serious harmful pollutant to the environmental aquatic systems, so it must be treated before it can be discharged. Photocatalysts are usually semiconducting solid oxides that create an electron-hole pair by absorbing photons. These electron holes can react with molecules on the surface of the particles. Photocatalysts are used in water purification, self-cleaning glasses, the decomposition of organic molecules, etc. Photocatalysts are environmental cleaning materials that remove pollution from surfaces and can destroy organic compounds when exposed to sunlight or fluorescence. The photocatalytic process follows the following principles. Bentonite mineral is a natural adsorbent material that has good adsorption capacity. In this work, zinc oxide nanoparticles doped with cerium were prepared by the sol-gel method (SGM) and deposited on bentonite clay to degrade MO dye. Important parameters that affected degradation efficiency such as contact time, amount of nanocatalyst, and initial dye concentration were investigated and optimized. Results showed that 100% degradation efficiency was obtained at 60 mg of nanocatalyst and 50 mg L-1 of methyl orange in 120 minutes. The Kinetics of the degradation process was consistent with pseudo-second-order and the adsorption isotherm was fitted with the Langmuir model.
{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using Cerium doped zinc oxide nanoparticles supported bentonite clay","authors":"S. Javan, Mohammad Reza Rezaei Kahkha, F. Moghaddam, Mohsen Faghihi-Zarandi, Anahita Hejazi","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v5.i04.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v5.i04.216","url":null,"abstract":"Methyl orange (MO) is a common anionic azo dye that is a serious harmful pollutant to the environmental aquatic systems, so it must be treated before it can be discharged. Photocatalysts are usually semiconducting solid oxides that create an electron-hole pair by absorbing photons. These electron holes can react with molecules on the surface of the particles. Photocatalysts are used in water purification, self-cleaning glasses, the decomposition of organic molecules, etc. Photocatalysts are environmental cleaning materials that remove pollution from surfaces and can destroy organic compounds when exposed to sunlight or fluorescence. The photocatalytic process follows the following principles. Bentonite mineral is a natural adsorbent material that has good adsorption capacity. In this work, zinc oxide nanoparticles doped with cerium were prepared by the sol-gel method (SGM) and deposited on bentonite clay to degrade MO dye. Important parameters that affected degradation efficiency such as contact time, amount of nanocatalyst, and initial dye concentration were investigated and optimized. Results showed that 100% degradation efficiency was obtained at 60 mg of nanocatalyst and 50 mg L-1 of methyl orange in 120 minutes. The Kinetics of the degradation process was consistent with pseudo-second-order and the adsorption isotherm was fitted with the Langmuir model. ","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90548214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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