Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.239
Ioryue Ijah Silas, UZA Timothy
The research presents a comparative analysis of the quality of locally produced groundnut oil (Arachis hypogaea) sold in the north-central zone of Nigeria markets (Benue, Nasarawa, Kogi, Kwara, Niger, Plateau States). The aim was to assess and compare the qualities of the oils and to know the safety of human consumption. The groundnut oil produced biodiesel, shampoo lubricants, and soap-making industries. The concentrations of the heavy metals were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). It showed that the lead, zinc, and copper (Pb, Zn, Cu) were within the FAO/WHO recommended limit, while Cd (0.201-0.331 mg kg-1) was above the limit (0.07 mg kg-1). Also, the gas chromatography (GC-FID) results indicated that twelve fatty acids (linoleic > oleic > palmitic > stearic >lignoceric > arachidic acid > behenic > erucic> arachidonic > margaric > linolenic > palmitoleic) were obtained in the groundnut oils in all markets and fatty acids include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, and myristic acid were absent in oils. In addition, the magnitude of six Phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine > phosphatidylethanolamine> phosphatidylinositol > phosphatidylserine > phosphatidic acid > lysophosphatidylcholine) were also achieved, respectively. The iodine were below the FAO/WHO and the acid value was higher than the normal range.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of groundnut oil quality in the north-central zone of Nigeria: Determination and evaluation of heavy metals, fatty acids, Phospholipids, and iodine values in groundnut oil","authors":"Ioryue Ijah Silas, UZA Timothy","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.239","url":null,"abstract":"The research presents a comparative analysis of the quality of locally produced groundnut oil (Arachis hypogaea) sold in the north-central zone of Nigeria markets (Benue, Nasarawa, Kogi, Kwara, Niger, Plateau States). The aim was to assess and compare the qualities of the oils and to know the safety of human consumption. The groundnut oil produced biodiesel, shampoo lubricants, and soap-making industries. The concentrations of the heavy metals were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). It showed that the lead, zinc, and copper (Pb, Zn, Cu) were within the FAO/WHO recommended limit, while Cd (0.201-0.331 mg kg-1) was above the limit (0.07 mg kg-1). Also, the gas chromatography (GC-FID) results indicated that twelve fatty acids (linoleic > oleic > palmitic > stearic >lignoceric > arachidic acid > behenic > erucic> arachidonic > margaric > linolenic > palmitoleic) were obtained in the groundnut oils in all markets and fatty acids include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, and myristic acid were absent in oils. In addition, the magnitude of six Phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine > phosphatidylethanolamine> phosphatidylinositol > phosphatidylserine > phosphatidic acid > lysophosphatidylcholine) were also achieved, respectively. The iodine were below the FAO/WHO and the acid value was higher than the normal range.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135296653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.243
Ahmed Jaber Ibrahim, Haneen Abdul Wahid Dwesh, Ahmed R.Y. Al-Sawad
This study uses the UV-Vis technique to describe the elimination of methylene blue dye from an aqueous solution by adsorption on an Iraqi bentonite clay surface. The batch approach was used to conduct adsorption studies carried out to evaluate the influence of factors of experimental like contact time (0–90 min), clay dose (0.1–0.35 g), and initial dye concentration (10–125 mg L-1) at the range of temperatures (25-40oC). The Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms were used to analyze the data; the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.998) proved more appropriate for the equilibrium data. The thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process, including Gibbs free energy (ΔGO), entropy(ΔSO), and enthalpy (ΔHO), were also studied. Since the (ΔGO) and (ΔHO) values were negative, it was clear that the adsorption process constituted an exothermic, spontaneous reaction. This investigation revealed that Iraqi bentonite clay effectively removed the dye methylene blue because of its high surface area. Methylene blue may be removed with an adsorption efficiency of up to 99.39 % at 25oC. By employing bentonite clay as an adsorbent surface, this research offers practical adsorption technology that is affordable and effective for treating wastewater.
{"title":"Adsorption of methylene blue dye onto bentonite clay: Characterization, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamics s tudy by using UV-Vis technique","authors":"Ahmed Jaber Ibrahim, Haneen Abdul Wahid Dwesh, Ahmed R.Y. Al-Sawad","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.243","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the UV-Vis technique to describe the elimination of methylene blue dye from an aqueous solution by adsorption on an Iraqi bentonite clay surface. The batch approach was used to conduct adsorption studies carried out to evaluate the influence of factors of experimental like contact time (0–90 min), clay dose (0.1–0.35 g), and initial dye concentration (10–125 mg L-1) at the range of temperatures (25-40oC). The Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms were used to analyze the data; the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.998) proved more appropriate for the equilibrium data. The thermodynamic properties of the adsorption process, including Gibbs free energy (ΔGO), entropy(ΔSO), and enthalpy (ΔHO), were also studied. Since the (ΔGO) and (ΔHO) values were negative, it was clear that the adsorption process constituted an exothermic, spontaneous reaction. This investigation revealed that Iraqi bentonite clay effectively removed the dye methylene blue because of its high surface area. Methylene blue may be removed with an adsorption efficiency of up to 99.39 % at 25oC. By employing bentonite clay as an adsorbent surface, this research offers practical adsorption technology that is affordable and effective for treating wastewater.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135297504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.249
Enyoh Christian Ebere, Chidi Edbert Duru, Qingyue Wang, Senlin Lu
This study focuses on the chemical analysis and prediction of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) toxicity, considering the influence of particle size and properties. The effect PET of different sizes (1, 4, 9, 16 and 25 nm coded NP1 to NP5) on aquatic organisms such as Terpedo californica (electric ray fish) and Danio rerio (zebrafish) as model species was evaluated by virtual chemical techniques and machine learning methodology based on Multilayer Perceptrons Artificial Neural Networks (MLP ANN) and Support Vector Machine. The PET NPs was built and characterized in silico and then docked on the acetylcholinesterase (TcAChE) and cytochrome P450 (Zf CYP450) of the organisms, respectively. The results showed that the binding affinities of the NPs increased steadily from – 7.1 kcal mol-1 to – 9.9 kcal mol-1 for NP1 to NP4 and experienced a drop at NP5 (– 8.9 kcal mol-1) for TcAChE. The Zf CYP450 also had a similar pattern ranging from -5.2 kcal mol-1 to -8.1 kcal mol-1. The MLP ANN showed an accuracy of 85.9 % and 77.3 %. In comparison, SVM showed a better PET NPs toxicity prediction with an accuracy of 99.5 % and 99.4% based on the inherent properties of TcAChE and Zf CYP450, respectively.
{"title":"Virtual chemical analysis and machine learning-based prediction of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics toxicity on aquatic organisms as influenced by particle size and properties","authors":"Enyoh Christian Ebere, Chidi Edbert Duru, Qingyue Wang, Senlin Lu","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.249","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the chemical analysis and prediction of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) toxicity, considering the influence of particle size and properties. The effect PET of different sizes (1, 4, 9, 16 and 25 nm coded NP1 to NP5) on aquatic organisms such as Terpedo californica (electric ray fish) and Danio rerio (zebrafish) as model species was evaluated by virtual chemical techniques and machine learning methodology based on Multilayer Perceptrons Artificial Neural Networks (MLP ANN) and Support Vector Machine. The PET NPs was built and characterized in silico and then docked on the acetylcholinesterase (TcAChE) and cytochrome P450 (Zf CYP450) of the organisms, respectively. The results showed that the binding affinities of the NPs increased steadily from – 7.1 kcal mol-1 to – 9.9 kcal mol-1 for NP1 to NP4 and experienced a drop at NP5 (– 8.9 kcal mol-1) for TcAChE. The Zf CYP450 also had a similar pattern ranging from -5.2 kcal mol-1 to -8.1 kcal mol-1. The MLP ANN showed an accuracy of 85.9 % and 77.3 %. In comparison, SVM showed a better PET NPs toxicity prediction with an accuracy of 99.5 % and 99.4% based on the inherent properties of TcAChE and Zf CYP450, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.245
Khalil Ibrahim Alabid, Hajar Naser Nasser
The research deals with the manufacture of an electrode using modified carbon paste to determine 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPHZ), The modified carbon paste electrode (NiO-NCQD/g-C3N4/MCPE). The results show the presence of oxidation and reduction peaks, and it is subject to a quasi-reversible system; the best value of pH is (1) using sulfuric acid with a concentration of (0.1M), and scan rate is 100 mv sec-1, it was linearity range of (1-1000) µM for oxidation, and (100-1000) µM for reduction, with correlation coefficient (R2=0.9717) and (R2=0.9914) for each of them, respectively. The proposed electrochemical method was compared with two methods they are spectrophotometry at a wavelength 360) nm( and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at wavelengths (340 and 250) nm. It turned out that the electrochemical method (NiO-NCQD/g-C3N4/MCPE) was superior to the spectrophotometry method in terms of the detection limit. It turns out that there is no significant difference between (HPLC) and (NiO-NCQD/g-C3N4/MCPE) in terms of accuracy. The proposed electrochemical method is a new analytical method characterized by accuracy, repeatability, and reliability.
{"title":"Determination of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine using carbon paste modified with nanoparticles by cyclic voltammetry, high-performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry methods","authors":"Khalil Ibrahim Alabid, Hajar Naser Nasser","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i03.245","url":null,"abstract":"The research deals with the manufacture of an electrode using modified carbon paste to determine 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPHZ), The modified carbon paste electrode (NiO-NCQD/g-C3N4/MCPE). The results show the presence of oxidation and reduction peaks, and it is subject to a quasi-reversible system; the best value of pH is (1) using sulfuric acid with a concentration of (0.1M), and scan rate is 100 mv sec-1, it was linearity range of (1-1000) µM for oxidation, and (100-1000) µM for reduction, with correlation coefficient (R2=0.9717) and (R2=0.9914) for each of them, respectively. The proposed electrochemical method was compared with two methods they are spectrophotometry at a wavelength 360) nm( and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at wavelengths (340 and 250) nm. It turned out that the electrochemical method (NiO-NCQD/g-C3N4/MCPE) was superior to the spectrophotometry method in terms of the detection limit. It turns out that there is no significant difference between (HPLC) and (NiO-NCQD/g-C3N4/MCPE) in terms of accuracy. The proposed electrochemical method is a new analytical method characterized by accuracy, repeatability, and reliability.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135470011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.226
J. Hassan, M. Koohi, Mohammad Amrollahi-Sharifabadi, Semire Olubusayo Funmlola
Determining the level of contaminants in rice is very important because it is one of the staple foods consumed by most people worldwide. Therefore, the quantity of arsenic in rice has become a health concern because rice cultivars have the property of accumulating arsenic in their grains. As a result, various societies have mandated the measurement of arsenic in rice by using different analytical chemistry methodologies, including atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS, ETAAS, HG-AAS) after sample preparation methods such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) and dispersive liquid-liquid extraction (DLLE). The content of arsenic in rice is an essential prerequisite data to incorporate in the health risk assessment. By having such information, it can be possible to determine the risk ratio calculations and identify which countries produce rice with less risk for human consumption. This review aimed to present the analytical methods used for the analysis of inorganic, organic, and total arsenic contents in rice and introduced the methodology for health risk assessment and its related calculations by using the data of inorganic and total arsenic quantifications in the rice along with the per capita of the consumption of rice.
{"title":"A review: Analytical methods and health risk assessment for inorganic, organic, and total arsenic content in rice samples","authors":"J. Hassan, M. Koohi, Mohammad Amrollahi-Sharifabadi, Semire Olubusayo Funmlola","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.226","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the level of contaminants in rice is very important because it is one of the staple foods consumed by most people worldwide. Therefore, the quantity of arsenic in rice has become a health concern because rice cultivars have the property of accumulating arsenic in their grains. As a result, various societies have mandated the measurement of arsenic in rice by using different analytical chemistry methodologies, including atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS, ETAAS, HG-AAS) after sample preparation methods such as solid phase microextraction (SPME) and dispersive liquid-liquid extraction (DLLE). The content of arsenic in rice is an essential prerequisite data to incorporate in the health risk assessment. By having such information, it can be possible to determine the risk ratio calculations and identify which countries produce rice with less risk for human consumption. This review aimed to present the analytical methods used for the analysis of inorganic, organic, and total arsenic contents in rice and introduced the methodology for health risk assessment and its related calculations by using the data of inorganic and total arsenic quantifications in the rice along with the per capita of the consumption of rice.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87238147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.218
Yashu Verma, P. Pandey, Shweta Choubey
Iron is essential heavy metal in trace quantities, but its excessive concentration as Fe2+ is present in effluents from steel mills, iron ore mines, and metal processing industries, which pollute the groundwater. Among other conventional methods, sorption by natural biomass is a low-cost alternative for iron sequestration from an aqueous solution. The root of a native weed plant Calotropis Procera was used to optimize the adsorption parameters like pH, contact time, sorbent dose, and initial adsorbate concentration. Competitive adsorption of Fe2+ in the presence of cations (Ni2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, As3+) and anions (Cl-, SO42- , F-) was also studied. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate adsorption isotherm by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Leaching of biomass significantly improved iron uptake capacity from 15 mg g-1 to 80 mg g-1. The kinetics of the reaction was fast, with equilibrium conditions attaining in 30 minutes. FTIR study of the biomass revealed the presence of -COOH, -NH groups responsible for the metal binding mechanism. The biomass could be regenerated with 0.1 M HNO3 for further use. Iron removal from simulated acidic water was done under optimum conditions and absorbance was measured by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer.
铁是必需的微量重金属，但其浓度过高的Fe2+存在于钢铁厂、铁矿和金属加工工业的废水中，污染了地下水。在其他传统方法中，天然生物质吸附是从水溶液中隔离铁的一种低成本替代方法。以本地杂草植物卡罗普斯(Calotropis Procera)的根为材料，对pH、接触时间、吸附剂剂量和初始吸附质浓度等吸附参数进行了优化。研究了Fe2+在阳离子(Ni2+、Cd2+、Cr3+、Zn2+、Ca2+、Mg2+、As3+)和阴离子(Cl-、SO42-、F-)存在下的竞争吸附。采用Langmuir和Freundlich等温线模型对吸附等温线进行了批量吸附研究。生物质浸出显著提高铁吸收能力，从15 mg g-1提高到80 mg g-1。反应动力学快，30分钟内达到平衡条件。对生物质的FTIR研究揭示了-COOH， -NH基团的存在，负责金属结合机制。0.1 M HNO3可使生物质再生，供进一步利用。在最佳条件下对模拟酸性水中的铁进行了脱除，并用紫外可见分光光度计测定了其吸光度。
{"title":"Removal of Fe (II) from aqueous solution by Calotropis Procera: Kinetics, isotherm s tudies, and measurement of competitive adsorption with UV-Visible spectrophotometer","authors":"Yashu Verma, P. Pandey, Shweta Choubey","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.218","url":null,"abstract":"Iron is essential heavy metal in trace quantities, but its excessive concentration as Fe2+ is present in effluents from steel mills, iron ore mines, and metal processing industries, which pollute the groundwater. Among other conventional methods, sorption by natural biomass is a low-cost alternative for iron sequestration from an aqueous solution. The root of a native weed plant Calotropis Procera was used to optimize the adsorption parameters like pH, contact time, sorbent dose, and initial adsorbate concentration. Competitive adsorption of Fe2+ in the presence of cations (Ni2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, As3+) and anions (Cl-, SO42- , F-) was also studied. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to evaluate adsorption isotherm by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Leaching of biomass significantly improved iron uptake capacity from 15 mg g-1 to 80 mg g-1. The kinetics of the reaction was fast, with equilibrium conditions attaining in 30 minutes. FTIR study of the biomass revealed the presence of -COOH, -NH groups responsible for the metal binding mechanism. The biomass could be regenerated with 0.1 M HNO3 for further use. Iron removal from simulated acidic water was done under optimum conditions and absorbance was measured by a UV-Visible spectrophotometer.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82292118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.236
M. Dolatabadi, Saeid Ahmadzadeh
Sarafloxacin (SAR) is an antibiotic from the fluoroquinolone group and is also one of the most widely used antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Potential performance and appropriate effectiveness have made SAR a special place among antibiotics. Antibiotic residues in the environment cause many problems, the most important of which is antibiotic resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to remove antibiotic residues from the environment. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized as a mathematics and statistics approach to optimize the removal efficiency of SAR using the catalytic ozonation process. The obtained regression equation for the response was the quadratic mathematical model. The coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted R2, and predicted R2 were obtained at 0.9939, 0.9917, and 0.9855, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency of 99.3% was obtained under optimum conditions, including a SAR concentration of 30.0 mg L-1, ozone dose of 1.5 mg min-1, catalyst dose (modified activated carbon) of 600 mg L-1, pH of 5.0, and reaction time of 30 min. According to the obtained results, the catalytic ozonation process as a suitable technique can efficiently remove SAR and other pharmaceutical compounds.
{"title":"Catalytic ozonation process using modified activated carbon as a cataly s t for the removal of sarafloxacin antibiotic from aqueous solutions","authors":"M. Dolatabadi, Saeid Ahmadzadeh","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.236","url":null,"abstract":"Sarafloxacin (SAR) is an antibiotic from the fluoroquinolone group and is also one of the most widely used antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Potential performance and appropriate effectiveness have made SAR a special place among antibiotics. Antibiotic residues in the environment cause many problems, the most important of which is antibiotic resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to remove antibiotic residues from the environment. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized as a mathematics and statistics approach to optimize the removal efficiency of SAR using the catalytic ozonation process. The obtained regression equation for the response was the quadratic mathematical model. The coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted R2, and predicted R2 were obtained at 0.9939, 0.9917, and 0.9855, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency of 99.3% was obtained under optimum conditions, including a SAR concentration of 30.0 mg L-1, ozone dose of 1.5 mg min-1, catalyst dose (modified activated carbon) of 600 mg L-1, pH of 5.0, and reaction time of 30 min. According to the obtained results, the catalytic ozonation process as a suitable technique can efficiently remove SAR and other pharmaceutical compounds.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84248331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.238
Abdullah Abdul-Lateef Al-Khalaf, H. Al-Lami, A. F. Abbas
The aquatic environment may be seriously harmed when cargo gases, diesel, and their compounds leak or are accidentally spilled onto the water's surface. Oil exploration also leads to water contamination. The remaining oil coats the water's surface, resulting in the formation of a thin emulsion of water and oil. Three novel compounds with long chains of linear alkyl groups were grafted to flexible polyurethane (R-FPU) to clean up oil spills. The sorption testing was thoroughly examined and contrasted with the aid of crude oil, diesel fuel, and water-oil systems. It was found that as compared to ungrafted FPU, the chemical sorption of crude oil and diesel fuel was boosted by modified FPU cubes, while water sorption was reduced by roughly 57%. The sorption competence of the modified FPU was highly correlated with the length of the alkyl chain, with the longer alkyl chain significantly increasing sorption capacity. The results demonstrate that oil may be successfully cleaned using modified FPU cubes.
{"title":"Effect of grafted polyurethane on oil spill remediation in the aquatic environment","authors":"Abdullah Abdul-Lateef Al-Khalaf, H. Al-Lami, A. F. Abbas","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.238","url":null,"abstract":"The aquatic environment may be seriously harmed when cargo gases, diesel, and their compounds leak or are accidentally spilled onto the water's surface. Oil exploration also leads to water contamination. The remaining oil coats the water's surface, resulting in the formation of a thin emulsion of water and oil. Three novel compounds with long chains of linear alkyl groups were grafted to flexible polyurethane (R-FPU) to clean up oil spills. The sorption testing was thoroughly examined and contrasted with the aid of crude oil, diesel fuel, and water-oil systems. It was found that as compared to ungrafted FPU, the chemical sorption of crude oil and diesel fuel was boosted by modified FPU cubes, while water sorption was reduced by roughly 57%. The sorption competence of the modified FPU was highly correlated with the length of the alkyl chain, with the longer alkyl chain significantly increasing sorption capacity. The results demonstrate that oil may be successfully cleaned using modified FPU cubes.","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86308362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.230
Hedieh Zadeh-Abbasi Zarandi, L. Shirani-Bidabadi, J. Zolala, Abass Aghaei-Afshar, Ali Faghihi zarandi, Ehsan Salarkia, Mostafa Eghbalian
Turmeric extract and aroma oil of Curcuma longa exhibit inhibition properties against various bacteria, parasites, and pathogenic fungi. We investigated the effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric extract on Leishmania promastigotes and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analyzing plant extracts. The hydroalcoholic extractions obtained from the two plants were diluted in 70% ethanol to three different concentrations; 12.5, 100, and 500 mg mL-1. The Leishmania significant strains were propagated in an artificial medium to reach sufficient parasites. The survival percentage of Leishmania promastigotes was affected significantly by the time and concentration of the extracts (P < 0.05). The repeated measures pattern showed an interaction effect between various time points and treatment with the extracts. Statistics analysis showed a significant difference between different concentrations and extract samples (P < 0.05). GC-MS showed that the survival rate of Leishmania promastigotes treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Ginger at 3-time points (24, 48, and 72 hours) was lower than Glucantime and Turmeric extract. The survival rate of promastigotes treated with Turmeric extract was similar to those treated with Glucantime but lower than those treated with a combined extract of Ginger and Turmeric at a concentration of 500 mg mL-1.
{"title":"Gas chromatography analysis of plant extracts to examine ingredients: Turmeric extracts on Leishmania Promastigotes and anti-Leishmania effect of Ginger","authors":"Hedieh Zadeh-Abbasi Zarandi, L. Shirani-Bidabadi, J. Zolala, Abass Aghaei-Afshar, Ali Faghihi zarandi, Ehsan Salarkia, Mostafa Eghbalian","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.230","url":null,"abstract":"Turmeric extract and aroma oil of Curcuma longa exhibit inhibition properties against various bacteria, parasites, and pathogenic fungi. We investigated the effects of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Turmeric extract on Leishmania promastigotes and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for analyzing plant extracts. The hydroalcoholic extractions obtained from the two plants were diluted in 70% ethanol to three different concentrations; 12.5, 100, and 500 mg mL-1. The Leishmania significant strains were propagated in an artificial medium to reach sufficient parasites. The survival percentage of Leishmania promastigotes was affected significantly by the time and concentration of the extracts (P < 0.05). The repeated measures pattern showed an interaction effect between various time points and treatment with the extracts. Statistics analysis showed a significant difference between different concentrations and extract samples (P < 0.05). GC-MS showed that the survival rate of Leishmania promastigotes treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Ginger at 3-time points (24, 48, and 72 hours) was lower than Glucantime and Turmeric extract. The survival rate of promastigotes treated with Turmeric extract was similar to those treated with Glucantime but lower than those treated with a combined extract of Ginger and Turmeric at a concentration of 500 mg mL-1. ","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"4324 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76416266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.232
A. Imani, Mohammad Reza Rezaei Kahkha, Rouhollah Parvari, M. Faraji, A. Faghihi-Zarandi
Toluene is one of the most dangerous and, simultaneously, the most consumed substances in various factories. Toluene strongly affects the central nervous system. The numerous side effects caused by exposure to toluene indicate the removal of toluene vapours from the air in the workplace. This study aims to use the removal of toluene vapours from the air using a Fe-MOFs metal-organic substrate for the first time in the world and to investigate efficient methods to increase the efficiency of removing toluene vapours from the air. This experimental study was carried out on a laboratory scale. After the iron metal-organic framework (Fe-MOFs) was synthesized, the components affecting the adsorption rate, such as reaction time (5-20 min), initial concentration (100-400 mg L-1), adsorbent amount, and temperature (25-80oC) were analyzed and optimized. Then, the efficiency of removing toluene vapours from the air was determined using a gas chromatography device. The absorption capacity of toluene was obtained by the desired adsorbent, 337.2 mg g-1. Also, the effect of different parameters on toluene absorption was investigated and optimized. The maximum absorption for concentration (300 mg L-1), temperature (75oC), and contact time (160s) obtained as 340 mg g-1, 331 mg g-1, and 325 mg g-1, respectively.
{"title":"Analysis of Toluene: Removal of toluene from the air s tream using a bed made of metal-organic frameworks adsorbent","authors":"A. Imani, Mohammad Reza Rezaei Kahkha, Rouhollah Parvari, M. Faraji, A. Faghihi-Zarandi","doi":"10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/amecj.v6.i02.232","url":null,"abstract":"Toluene is one of the most dangerous and, simultaneously, the most consumed substances in various factories. Toluene strongly affects the central nervous system. The numerous side effects caused by exposure to toluene indicate the removal of toluene vapours from the air in the workplace. This study aims to use the removal of toluene vapours from the air using a Fe-MOFs metal-organic substrate for the first time in the world and to investigate efficient methods to increase the efficiency of removing toluene vapours from the air. This experimental study was carried out on a laboratory scale. After the iron metal-organic framework (Fe-MOFs) was synthesized, the components affecting the adsorption rate, such as reaction time (5-20 min), initial concentration (100-400 mg L-1), adsorbent amount, and temperature (25-80oC) were analyzed and optimized. Then, the efficiency of removing toluene vapours from the air was determined using a gas chromatography device. The absorption capacity of toluene was obtained by the desired adsorbent, 337.2 mg g-1. Also, the effect of different parameters on toluene absorption was investigated and optimized. The maximum absorption for concentration (300 mg L-1), temperature (75oC), and contact time (160s) obtained as 340 mg g-1, 331 mg g-1, and 325 mg g-1, respectively. ","PeriodicalId":7797,"journal":{"name":"Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal","volume":"506 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78137929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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