Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000007155
Alok Moharir,Yoshikazu Yamaguchi,Jennifer H Aldrink,Andrea Martinez,Mauricio Arce-Villalobos,Sibelle Aurelie Yemele Kitio,Julie Rice-Weimer,Joseph D Tobias
BACKGROUNDMinimally invasive thoracic surgical techniques require effective lung isolation using one-lung ventilation (OLV). Verification of lung isolation may be confirmed by auscultation, visual confirmation using fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), or more recently, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). The aim of this study was to prospectively compare lung ultrasound with clinical auscultation to confirm OLV before thoracic surgery in pediatric patients.METHODSThis prospectively blinded feasibility study included 40 patients ranging in age from 0 to 20 years. After confirmation of lung separation by the primary anesthesia team using FOB, the sonographer and the auscultator, both blinded to the laterality of surgery and lung separation, entered the operating room. The sonographer evaluated for pleural lung sliding and the auscultator listened for breath sounds. Successful lung separation was definitively confirmed by direct visualization of lung collapse during the operation.RESULTSIn confirming effective single-lung ventilation, lung ultrasound had a diagnostic accuracy of 95% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.7%-98.5%). In contrast, auscultation could only reliably confirm lung isolation with 68% accuracy (95% CI, 51.5%-80.4%). The McNemar test showed a statistically significant difference between the use of lung ultrasound and auscultation (P < .001). The median time to perform ultrasonography was 67 seconds (interquartile range [IQR], 46-142) and the median time to perform auscultation was 21 seconds (IQR, 10-32).CONCLUSIONSBased on the initial results of our feasibility trial, lung ultrasound proved to be a fast and reliable method to verify single-lung ventilation in pediatric patients presenting for thoracic surgery with a high degree of diagnostic accuracy.
{"title":"Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound to Evaluate Lung Isolation During One-Lung Ventilation in Children: A Blinded Observational Feasibility Study.","authors":"Alok Moharir,Yoshikazu Yamaguchi,Jennifer H Aldrink,Andrea Martinez,Mauricio Arce-Villalobos,Sibelle Aurelie Yemele Kitio,Julie Rice-Weimer,Joseph D Tobias","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000007155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000007155","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDMinimally invasive thoracic surgical techniques require effective lung isolation using one-lung ventilation (OLV). Verification of lung isolation may be confirmed by auscultation, visual confirmation using fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), or more recently, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). The aim of this study was to prospectively compare lung ultrasound with clinical auscultation to confirm OLV before thoracic surgery in pediatric patients.METHODSThis prospectively blinded feasibility study included 40 patients ranging in age from 0 to 20 years. After confirmation of lung separation by the primary anesthesia team using FOB, the sonographer and the auscultator, both blinded to the laterality of surgery and lung separation, entered the operating room. The sonographer evaluated for pleural lung sliding and the auscultator listened for breath sounds. Successful lung separation was definitively confirmed by direct visualization of lung collapse during the operation.RESULTSIn confirming effective single-lung ventilation, lung ultrasound had a diagnostic accuracy of 95% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.7%-98.5%). In contrast, auscultation could only reliably confirm lung isolation with 68% accuracy (95% CI, 51.5%-80.4%). The McNemar test showed a statistically significant difference between the use of lung ultrasound and auscultation (P < .001). The median time to perform ultrasonography was 67 seconds (interquartile range [IQR], 46-142) and the median time to perform auscultation was 21 seconds (IQR, 10-32).CONCLUSIONSBased on the initial results of our feasibility trial, lung ultrasound proved to be a fast and reliable method to verify single-lung ventilation in pediatric patients presenting for thoracic surgery with a high degree of diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006905
Andrea Girnius,Candice Snyder,Heather Czarny,Thomas Minges,Michael Stacey,Tamara Supinski,John Crowe,Judith Strong,Sean A Josephs,Muhammad A Zafar
BACKGROUNDOptimal communication between care teams is a critical component in providing safe, timely, and appropriate patient care. Labor and delivery (L&D) units experience rapidly changing clinical scenarios often requiring escalation in care and unplanned cesarean deliveries (CDs). The University of Cincinnati Medical Center (UCMC) is a 550-bed academic level 4 maternal care center with a 13-bed L&D unit in Cincinnati, OH. There are approximately 2500 deliveries/y with a CD rate of 33%. The L&D unit is staffed with dedicated anesthesia personnel 24 hours a day. In our L&D unit, there was widespread dissatisfaction with multidisciplinary communication surrounding unscheduled CD. Near-miss safety events in our obstetric unit were attributed to preoperative communication failures. Initial surveys identified challenges in preoperative communication among nursing, anesthesiology, and obstetric teams leading to potential risk for compromised care.METHODUsing the UC Health Performance Improvement Way, we first sought to understand the process leading up to unscheduled CD. Change ideas were developed based on observed failures in communication. Interventions were tested and refined through iterative plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles. One key intervention was the introduction of a bedside, multidisciplinary, patient-centered, pre-CD huddle attended by nursing, anesthesia, and obstetrics representatives using a standard checklist for critical information. Qualitative patient feedback was elicited to inform change efforts. We compared patient and procedure characteristics from the baseline and huddle implementation phases.MEASURESOur primary outcome measure was the satisfaction of care team members with communication around unscheduled CD. A secondary outcome was the general anesthesia (GA) rate for unscheduled CD. Our key process measure was adherence to the preoperative huddle. We tracked decision-to-incision interval (DTI) as a balancing measure.RESULTSHuddle adherence reached 96% for unscheduled CD within 6 months of testing and implementation. A combined survey of anesthesia, nursing, and obstetrics showed that satisfaction scores related to unscheduled CD communication improved from 3.3/5 to 4.7/5 after huddle implementation. The rate of GA use and the median DTI remained unchanged. Patients felt more engaged and reported positive experiences by being a part of the huddle discussion.CONCLUSIONSIn an academic obstetric unit, communication failures surrounding unscheduled CD were identified as a contributor to staff dissatisfaction and perception of safety risk. Implementation of a bedside multidisciplinary pre-CD huddle improved communication between teams and contributed to creating a culture of safety without causing significant delays in care.
背景：护理团队之间的最佳沟通是为患者提供安全、及时和适当护理的关键要素。分娩室（L&D）的临床情况瞬息万变，经常需要升级护理和计划外剖宫产（CD）。辛辛那提大学医疗中心（UCMC）是一家拥有 550 张床位的四级学术性孕产妇护理中心，位于俄亥俄州辛辛那提市，拥有 13 张床位的产科。每年约有 2500 例分娩，剖宫产率为 33%。该产科每天 24 小时都有专职麻醉人员值班。在我们的产科和妇产科中，人们对围绕计划外分娩的多学科沟通普遍不满。在我们的产科病房，险些发生的安全事件都归咎于术前沟通失败。初步调查发现，护理、麻醉和产科团队之间在术前沟通方面存在挑战，导致潜在的护理受损风险。方法利用加州大学健康绩效改进方法，我们首先试图了解导致计划外 CD 的流程。根据观察到的沟通失败情况，我们提出了改革意见。通过 "计划-实施-研究-行动"（PDSA）的反复循环，对干预措施进行了测试和改进。其中一项关键的干预措施是引入床旁、多学科、以患者为中心的 CD 前会议，由护理、麻醉和产科代表参加，使用标准核对表了解关键信息。我们还征求了患者的定性反馈意见，为改革工作提供参考。我们比较了基线阶段和会议实施阶段的患者和手术特征。我们的主要结果是护理团队成员对计划外 CD 沟通的满意度。次要结果是计划外 CD 的全身麻醉 (GA) 率。我们的关键流程指标是对术前讨论的遵守情况。结果在测试和实施的 6 个月内，计划外 CD 的合班率达到 96%。一项针对麻醉、护理和产科的联合调查显示，实施分组后，与计划外 CD 沟通相关的满意度评分从 3.3/5 提高到 4.7/5。GA 使用率和 DTI 中位数保持不变。在一个学术产科病房，围绕计划外 CD 的沟通失败被认为是导致员工不满和安全风险感的一个因素。实施床旁多学科 CD 前讨论改善了团队之间的沟通，有助于创建安全文化，同时不会造成护理的严重延误。
{"title":"Preoperative Multidisciplinary Team Huddle Improves Communication and Safety for Unscheduled Cesarean Deliveries: A System Redesign Using Improvement Science.","authors":"Andrea Girnius,Candice Snyder,Heather Czarny,Thomas Minges,Michael Stacey,Tamara Supinski,John Crowe,Judith Strong,Sean A Josephs,Muhammad A Zafar","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000006905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000006905","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDOptimal communication between care teams is a critical component in providing safe, timely, and appropriate patient care. Labor and delivery (L&D) units experience rapidly changing clinical scenarios often requiring escalation in care and unplanned cesarean deliveries (CDs). The University of Cincinnati Medical Center (UCMC) is a 550-bed academic level 4 maternal care center with a 13-bed L&D unit in Cincinnati, OH. There are approximately 2500 deliveries/y with a CD rate of 33%. The L&D unit is staffed with dedicated anesthesia personnel 24 hours a day. In our L&D unit, there was widespread dissatisfaction with multidisciplinary communication surrounding unscheduled CD. Near-miss safety events in our obstetric unit were attributed to preoperative communication failures. Initial surveys identified challenges in preoperative communication among nursing, anesthesiology, and obstetric teams leading to potential risk for compromised care.METHODUsing the UC Health Performance Improvement Way, we first sought to understand the process leading up to unscheduled CD. Change ideas were developed based on observed failures in communication. Interventions were tested and refined through iterative plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles. One key intervention was the introduction of a bedside, multidisciplinary, patient-centered, pre-CD huddle attended by nursing, anesthesia, and obstetrics representatives using a standard checklist for critical information. Qualitative patient feedback was elicited to inform change efforts. We compared patient and procedure characteristics from the baseline and huddle implementation phases.MEASURESOur primary outcome measure was the satisfaction of care team members with communication around unscheduled CD. A secondary outcome was the general anesthesia (GA) rate for unscheduled CD. Our key process measure was adherence to the preoperative huddle. We tracked decision-to-incision interval (DTI) as a balancing measure.RESULTSHuddle adherence reached 96% for unscheduled CD within 6 months of testing and implementation. A combined survey of anesthesia, nursing, and obstetrics showed that satisfaction scores related to unscheduled CD communication improved from 3.3/5 to 4.7/5 after huddle implementation. The rate of GA use and the median DTI remained unchanged. Patients felt more engaged and reported positive experiences by being a part of the huddle discussion.CONCLUSIONSIn an academic obstetric unit, communication failures surrounding unscheduled CD were identified as a contributor to staff dissatisfaction and perception of safety risk. Implementation of a bedside multidisciplinary pre-CD huddle improved communication between teams and contributed to creating a culture of safety without causing significant delays in care.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxygen-Sparing Anesthesia with Electrically Controlled Ventilators: A Bench Study with Implications for Clinical Practice and Resource Management.","authors":"Vito Torrano,Francesco Zadek,Abbiati Giacomo,Chiara Deli,Roberto Fumagalli,Thomas Langer","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000007270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000007270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006875
Samuel N Blacker,Fei Chen,Daniel Winecoff,Benjamin L Antonio,Harendra Arora,Bryan J Hierlmeier,Rachel M Kacmar,Anthony N Passannante,Anthony R Plunkett,David Zvara,Benjamin Cobb,Alexander Doyal,Daniel Rosenkrans,Kenneth Bradbury Brown,Michael A Gonzalez,Courtney Hood,Tiffany T Pham,Abhijit V Lele,Lesley Hall,Ameer Ali,Robert S Isaak
BACKGROUNDChat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) has been tested and has passed various high-level examinations. However, it has not been tested on an examination such as the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) Standardized Oral Examination (SOE). The SOE is designed to assess higher-level competencies, such as judgment, organization, adaptability to unexpected clinical changes, and presentation of information.METHODSFour anesthesiology fellows were examined on 2 sample ABA SOEs. Their answers were compared to those produced by the same questions asked to ChatGPT. All human and ChatGPT responses were transcribed, randomized by module, and then reproduced as complete examinations, using a commercially available software-based human voice replicator. Eight ABA applied examiners listened to and scored the topic and modules from 1 of the 4 versions of each of the 2 sample examinations. The ABA did not provide any support or collaboration with any authors.RESULTSThe anesthesiology fellow's answers were found to have a better median score than ChatGPT, for the module topics scores (P = .03). However, there was no significant difference in the median overall global module scores between the human and ChatGPT responses (P = .17). The examiners were able to identify the ChatGPT-generated answers for 23 of 24 modules (95.83%), with only 1 ChatGPT response perceived as from a human. In contrast, the examiners thought the human (fellow) responses were artificial intelligence (AI)-generated in 10 of 24 modules (41.67%). Examiner comments explained that ChatGPT generated relevant content, but were lengthy answers, which at times did not focus on the specific scenario priorities. There were no comments from the examiners regarding Chat GPT fact "hallucinations."CONCLUSIONSChatGPT generated SOE answers with comparable module ratings to anesthesiology fellows, as graded by 8 ABA oral board examiners. However, the ChatGPT answers were deemed subjectively inferior due to the length of responses and lack of focus. Future curation and training of an AI database, like ChatGPT, could produce answers more in line with ideal ABA SOE answers. This could lead to higher performance and an anesthesiology-specific trained AI useful for training and examination preparation.
{"title":"An Exploratory Analysis of ChatGPT Compared to Human Performance With the Anesthesiology Oral Board Examination: Initial Insights and Implications.","authors":"Samuel N Blacker,Fei Chen,Daniel Winecoff,Benjamin L Antonio,Harendra Arora,Bryan J Hierlmeier,Rachel M Kacmar,Anthony N Passannante,Anthony R Plunkett,David Zvara,Benjamin Cobb,Alexander Doyal,Daniel Rosenkrans,Kenneth Bradbury Brown,Michael A Gonzalez,Courtney Hood,Tiffany T Pham,Abhijit V Lele,Lesley Hall,Ameer Ali,Robert S Isaak","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000006875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000006875","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDChat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) has been tested and has passed various high-level examinations. However, it has not been tested on an examination such as the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) Standardized Oral Examination (SOE). The SOE is designed to assess higher-level competencies, such as judgment, organization, adaptability to unexpected clinical changes, and presentation of information.METHODSFour anesthesiology fellows were examined on 2 sample ABA SOEs. Their answers were compared to those produced by the same questions asked to ChatGPT. All human and ChatGPT responses were transcribed, randomized by module, and then reproduced as complete examinations, using a commercially available software-based human voice replicator. Eight ABA applied examiners listened to and scored the topic and modules from 1 of the 4 versions of each of the 2 sample examinations. The ABA did not provide any support or collaboration with any authors.RESULTSThe anesthesiology fellow's answers were found to have a better median score than ChatGPT, for the module topics scores (P = .03). However, there was no significant difference in the median overall global module scores between the human and ChatGPT responses (P = .17). The examiners were able to identify the ChatGPT-generated answers for 23 of 24 modules (95.83%), with only 1 ChatGPT response perceived as from a human. In contrast, the examiners thought the human (fellow) responses were artificial intelligence (AI)-generated in 10 of 24 modules (41.67%). Examiner comments explained that ChatGPT generated relevant content, but were lengthy answers, which at times did not focus on the specific scenario priorities. There were no comments from the examiners regarding Chat GPT fact \"hallucinations.\"CONCLUSIONSChatGPT generated SOE answers with comparable module ratings to anesthesiology fellows, as graded by 8 ABA oral board examiners. However, the ChatGPT answers were deemed subjectively inferior due to the length of responses and lack of focus. Future curation and training of an AI database, like ChatGPT, could produce answers more in line with ideal ABA SOE answers. This could lead to higher performance and an anesthesiology-specific trained AI useful for training and examination preparation.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUNDWhile the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and acute kidney injury (AKI) has been a subject of interest, the specific association of GV with persistent AKI beyond 48 hours postoperative after noncardiac surgery is not well-established.METHODSThis retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the patterns of different GV metrics in the immediate 48 hours after noncardiac surgery, evaluate the association between GV indices and persistent AKI within the 7-day postoperative window, and compare the risk identification capabilities of various GV for persistent AKI. A total of 10,937 patients who underwent major noncardiac surgery across 3 medical centers in eastern China between January 2015 and September 2023 were enrolled. GV was characterized using the coefficient of variations (CV), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and the blood glucose risk index (BGRI). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between GV and AKI. Optimal cutoff values for GV metrics were calculated through the risk identification models, and an independent cohort from the INformative Surgical Patient dataset for Innovative Research Environment (INSPIRE) database with 7714 eligible cases served to externally validate the risk identification capability.RESULTSOverall, 274 (2.5%) of the 10,937 patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery met the criteria of persistent AKI. Higher GV was associated with an increased risk of persistent AKI (CV: odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.46; MAGE: OR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.15-1.49; BGRI: OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.08-1.29). Compared to models that did not consider glycemic factors, MAGE and BGRI independently contributed to predicting persistent AKI (MAGE: areas under the curve [AUC] = 0.768, P = .011; BGRI: AUC = 0.764, P = .014), with cutoff points of 3.78 for MAGE, and 3.02 for BGRI. The classification of both the internal and external validation cohorts using cutoffs demonstrated good performance, achieving the best AUC values of 0.768 for MAGE in the internal cohort and 0.777 for MAGE in the external cohort.CONCLUSIONSGV measured within 48 hours postoperative period is an independent risk factor for persistent AKI in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Specific cutoff points can be used to stratify at-risk patients. These findings indicate that stabilizing GV may potentially mitigate adverse kidney outcomes after noncardiac surgery, highlighting the importance of glycemic control in the perioperative period.
{"title":"Association Between Glycemic Variability and Persistent Acute Kidney Injury After Noncardiac Major Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Siyu Kong,Ke Ding,Huili Jiang,Fan Yang,Chen Zhang,Liu Han,Yali Ge,Lihai Chen,Hongwei Shi,Jifang Zhou","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000007131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000007131","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDWhile the relationship between glycemic variability (GV) and acute kidney injury (AKI) has been a subject of interest, the specific association of GV with persistent AKI beyond 48 hours postoperative after noncardiac surgery is not well-established.METHODSThis retrospective cohort study aimed to describe the patterns of different GV metrics in the immediate 48 hours after noncardiac surgery, evaluate the association between GV indices and persistent AKI within the 7-day postoperative window, and compare the risk identification capabilities of various GV for persistent AKI. A total of 10,937 patients who underwent major noncardiac surgery across 3 medical centers in eastern China between January 2015 and September 2023 were enrolled. GV was characterized using the coefficient of variations (CV), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and the blood glucose risk index (BGRI). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between GV and AKI. Optimal cutoff values for GV metrics were calculated through the risk identification models, and an independent cohort from the INformative Surgical Patient dataset for Innovative Research Environment (INSPIRE) database with 7714 eligible cases served to externally validate the risk identification capability.RESULTSOverall, 274 (2.5%) of the 10,937 patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery met the criteria of persistent AKI. Higher GV was associated with an increased risk of persistent AKI (CV: odds ratio [OR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.46; MAGE: OR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.15-1.49; BGRI: OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.08-1.29). Compared to models that did not consider glycemic factors, MAGE and BGRI independently contributed to predicting persistent AKI (MAGE: areas under the curve [AUC] = 0.768, P = .011; BGRI: AUC = 0.764, P = .014), with cutoff points of 3.78 for MAGE, and 3.02 for BGRI. The classification of both the internal and external validation cohorts using cutoffs demonstrated good performance, achieving the best AUC values of 0.768 for MAGE in the internal cohort and 0.777 for MAGE in the external cohort.CONCLUSIONSGV measured within 48 hours postoperative period is an independent risk factor for persistent AKI in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. Specific cutoff points can be used to stratify at-risk patients. These findings indicate that stabilizing GV may potentially mitigate adverse kidney outcomes after noncardiac surgery, highlighting the importance of glycemic control in the perioperative period.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000007136
Philippa G Phelp,Stefan F van Wonderen,Alexander P J Vlaar,Rick Kapur,Robert B Klanderman
Staying updated on advancements in transfusion medicine is crucial, especially in critical care and perioperative setting, where timely and accurate transfusions can be lifesaving therapeutic interventions. This narrative review explores the landscape of transfusion-related adverse events, focusing on pulmonary transfusion reactions such as transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). TACO and TRALI are the leading causes of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality; however, specific treatments are lacking. Understanding the current incidence, diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention strategies can equip clinicians to help reduce the incidence of these life-threatening complications. The review discusses emerging pathogenic mechanisms, including the possible role of inflammation in TACO and the mechanisms of reverse TRALI and therapeutic targets for TACO and TRALI, emphasizing the need for further research to uncover preventive and treatment modalities. Despite advancements, significant gaps remain in our understanding of what occurs during transfusions, highlighting the necessity for improved monitoring methods. To address this, the review also presents novel blood cell labeling techniques in transfusion medicine used for improving monitoring, quality assessment, and as a consequence, potentially reducing transfusion-related complications. This article aims to provide an update for anesthesiologists, critical care specialists, and transfusion medicine professionals regarding recent advancements and developments in the field of transfusion medicine.
{"title":"Developments in Transfusion Medicine: Pulmonary Transfusion Reactions and Novel Blood Cell Labeling Techniques.","authors":"Philippa G Phelp,Stefan F van Wonderen,Alexander P J Vlaar,Rick Kapur,Robert B Klanderman","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000007136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000007136","url":null,"abstract":"Staying updated on advancements in transfusion medicine is crucial, especially in critical care and perioperative setting, where timely and accurate transfusions can be lifesaving therapeutic interventions. This narrative review explores the landscape of transfusion-related adverse events, focusing on pulmonary transfusion reactions such as transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) and transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). TACO and TRALI are the leading causes of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality; however, specific treatments are lacking. Understanding the current incidence, diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention strategies can equip clinicians to help reduce the incidence of these life-threatening complications. The review discusses emerging pathogenic mechanisms, including the possible role of inflammation in TACO and the mechanisms of reverse TRALI and therapeutic targets for TACO and TRALI, emphasizing the need for further research to uncover preventive and treatment modalities. Despite advancements, significant gaps remain in our understanding of what occurs during transfusions, highlighting the necessity for improved monitoring methods. To address this, the review also presents novel blood cell labeling techniques in transfusion medicine used for improving monitoring, quality assessment, and as a consequence, potentially reducing transfusion-related complications. This article aims to provide an update for anesthesiologists, critical care specialists, and transfusion medicine professionals regarding recent advancements and developments in the field of transfusion medicine.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006973
Christopher S McLaughlin,Anusha Samant,Amit K Saha,Lisa K Lee,Ruchika Gupta,Leah B Templeton,Michael R Mathis,Susan Vishneski,T Wesley Templeton,
BACKGROUNDThoracic surgery and one-lung ventilation in young children carry significant risks. Approaches to one-lung ventilation in young children include endobronchial intubation (mainstem intubation) and use of a bronchial blocker. We hypothesized that endobronchial intubation is associated with a greater prevalence of airway complications compared to use of a bronchial blocker.METHODSThe Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group database was queried from 2004 to 2022 for one-lung ventilation cases in children, 2 months to 3 years of age, inclusive. Airway notes and free-text comments were manually reviewed for airway complications. Documented airway complications were considered the primary outcome and were divided into "Moderate" and "Critical." Moderate airway complications were bronchial blocker or endotracheal tube movement leading to loss of isolation, hypoxemia requiring ventilatory intervention, bronchial blocker migration into the trachea, significant impairment of ventilation, and other. Critical complications included reintubation or airway replacement intraoperatively, complete endotracheal tube occlusion, cardiac arrest or airway-related bradycardia, and procedure aborted due to an airway issue. An adjusted propensity score-matched analysis was then used to assess the impact of a bronchial blocker on the outcomes of moderate and critical complications.RESULTSAfter exclusions, 704 patients were included in the primary analysis. In unadjusted analyses, no statistically significant difference was observed in moderate airway complications between endobronchial intubation and bronchial blocker cohorts: 37 of 444 (8.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9%-11.3%) vs 28 of 260 (10.8%; 95% CI, 7.3%-15.2%) with P = .281. In the unadjusted analysis, the prevalence of critical airway complications was significantly higher in the endobronchial intubation cohort compared to the bronchial blocker cohort: 28 of 444 (6.3%; 95% CI, 4.2%-9.0%) vs 5 of 260 (1.9%; 95% CI, 0.6%-4.4%) with P = .008. In the propensity-matched cohort analysis, endobronchial intubation was associated with a slightly increased risk of critical complications compared to use of a bronchial blocker: 14 of 243 (5.8%; 95% CI, 2.8%-8.7%) vs 5 of 243 (2.1%; 95% CI, 0.3%-3.8%) with P = .035.CONCLUSIONSEndobronchial intubation might be associated with a slightly increased risk of critical airway complications compared to use of a bronchial blocker in young children undergoing thoracic surgery and one-lung ventilation. Further, prospective studies are needed before a definitive change in practice is recommended.
{"title":"Bronchial Blocker Versus Endobronchial Intubation in Young Children Undergoing One-Lung Ventilation: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Christopher S McLaughlin,Anusha Samant,Amit K Saha,Lisa K Lee,Ruchika Gupta,Leah B Templeton,Michael R Mathis,Susan Vishneski,T Wesley Templeton,","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000006973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000006973","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThoracic surgery and one-lung ventilation in young children carry significant risks. Approaches to one-lung ventilation in young children include endobronchial intubation (mainstem intubation) and use of a bronchial blocker. We hypothesized that endobronchial intubation is associated with a greater prevalence of airway complications compared to use of a bronchial blocker.METHODSThe Multicenter Perioperative Outcomes Group database was queried from 2004 to 2022 for one-lung ventilation cases in children, 2 months to 3 years of age, inclusive. Airway notes and free-text comments were manually reviewed for airway complications. Documented airway complications were considered the primary outcome and were divided into \"Moderate\" and \"Critical.\" Moderate airway complications were bronchial blocker or endotracheal tube movement leading to loss of isolation, hypoxemia requiring ventilatory intervention, bronchial blocker migration into the trachea, significant impairment of ventilation, and other. Critical complications included reintubation or airway replacement intraoperatively, complete endotracheal tube occlusion, cardiac arrest or airway-related bradycardia, and procedure aborted due to an airway issue. An adjusted propensity score-matched analysis was then used to assess the impact of a bronchial blocker on the outcomes of moderate and critical complications.RESULTSAfter exclusions, 704 patients were included in the primary analysis. In unadjusted analyses, no statistically significant difference was observed in moderate airway complications between endobronchial intubation and bronchial blocker cohorts: 37 of 444 (8.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9%-11.3%) vs 28 of 260 (10.8%; 95% CI, 7.3%-15.2%) with P = .281. In the unadjusted analysis, the prevalence of critical airway complications was significantly higher in the endobronchial intubation cohort compared to the bronchial blocker cohort: 28 of 444 (6.3%; 95% CI, 4.2%-9.0%) vs 5 of 260 (1.9%; 95% CI, 0.6%-4.4%) with P = .008. In the propensity-matched cohort analysis, endobronchial intubation was associated with a slightly increased risk of critical complications compared to use of a bronchial blocker: 14 of 243 (5.8%; 95% CI, 2.8%-8.7%) vs 5 of 243 (2.1%; 95% CI, 0.3%-3.8%) with P = .035.CONCLUSIONSEndobronchial intubation might be associated with a slightly increased risk of critical airway complications compared to use of a bronchial blocker in young children undergoing thoracic surgery and one-lung ventilation. Further, prospective studies are needed before a definitive change in practice is recommended.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"325 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006970
André A J van Zundert,Stephen P Gatt,Tom C R V van Zundert,Carin A Hagberg,Jaideep J Pandit
{"title":"A New Scoring System to Evaluate the Position and Functioning of Supraglottic Airway Devices in Research and Clinical Audits.","authors":"André A J van Zundert,Stephen P Gatt,Tom C R V van Zundert,Carin A Hagberg,Jaideep J Pandit","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000006970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000006970","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006923
M Dylan Bould,J Bradley Cousins,Jenny Hoang,Yuanting Zha,Lydia Yilma,V Mark Gacii,Balavenkat Subramanian,Faye M Evans
BACKGROUNDSubspecialist training is an important part of developing human resources for health and for some learners, may require taking place in another, higher-resourced country. Despite effective learning of skills and knowledge in a different, more highly resourced context, transfer of these skills and knowledge back to a more poorly resourced context can be a challenge. We aimed to evaluate the transfer of skills and knowledge in 2 World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) fellowship programs.METHODSThis qualitative program evaluation study, guided by Guskey's evaluation framework, used in-depth interviews of both faculty and graduates of the 2 fellowship programs. Interviews were conducted remotely, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content and pattern analysis.RESULTSWe interviewed 2 administrators, 10 faculty members, 17 graduated fellows, and 3 graduated fellows now in the role of faculty member in that fellowship. Key themes were barriers and enablers to the transfer of skills, including workplace and staffing, resources, mentorship, the interprofessional team, and leadership. Graduated fellows were able to have an impact on returning home in the areas of practice and service development, research, and teaching.CONCLUSIONSOur study found that the 2 fellowship programs had variable success in the transfer of learned skills and knowledge back to the fellows' "home" institutions. Contextual differences between the fellowship institution and the home institution were the main source of barriers to transfer, and fellows from different countries had diverse needs. Supporting the transfer of knowledge and skills should be an explicit goal of these fellowship programs, and as such, should be considered in the recruitment of fellows, curriculum development, and in how the success of a fellowship is evaluated. Curricula should not just focus on medical knowledge and skills, but also skills in leading change and in education.
{"title":"An Evaluation of the Transfer of Skills and Knowledge from Two World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists Fellowship Programs.","authors":"M Dylan Bould,J Bradley Cousins,Jenny Hoang,Yuanting Zha,Lydia Yilma,V Mark Gacii,Balavenkat Subramanian,Faye M Evans","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000006923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000006923","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDSubspecialist training is an important part of developing human resources for health and for some learners, may require taking place in another, higher-resourced country. Despite effective learning of skills and knowledge in a different, more highly resourced context, transfer of these skills and knowledge back to a more poorly resourced context can be a challenge. We aimed to evaluate the transfer of skills and knowledge in 2 World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) fellowship programs.METHODSThis qualitative program evaluation study, guided by Guskey's evaluation framework, used in-depth interviews of both faculty and graduates of the 2 fellowship programs. Interviews were conducted remotely, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content and pattern analysis.RESULTSWe interviewed 2 administrators, 10 faculty members, 17 graduated fellows, and 3 graduated fellows now in the role of faculty member in that fellowship. Key themes were barriers and enablers to the transfer of skills, including workplace and staffing, resources, mentorship, the interprofessional team, and leadership. Graduated fellows were able to have an impact on returning home in the areas of practice and service development, research, and teaching.CONCLUSIONSOur study found that the 2 fellowship programs had variable success in the transfer of learned skills and knowledge back to the fellows' \"home\" institutions. Contextual differences between the fellowship institution and the home institution were the main source of barriers to transfer, and fellows from different countries had diverse needs. Supporting the transfer of knowledge and skills should be an explicit goal of these fellowship programs, and as such, should be considered in the recruitment of fellows, curriculum development, and in how the success of a fellowship is evaluated. Curricula should not just focus on medical knowledge and skills, but also skills in leading change and in education.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000007000
Maria Luisa Machado Assis,Fabricio Batistella Zasso,Matheus Pedrotti Chavez,Eduardo Cirne Toledo,Gabriel Motta,Leonardo Duarte Moraes,Eric Pasqualotto,Rafael Oliva Morgado Ferreira,Naveed Siddiqui,Kong Eric You-Ten
BACKGROUNDThe supraglottic airway device (SGD) was introduced as a breakthrough in airway management. The Fastrach emerged as the first commercially available intubating SGD, drawing extensive investigation. I-gel is a more recent device that has gained popularity, can be used as an intubating SGD, and replaced Fastrach in many institutions. However, there is uncertainty regarding the comparison between these devices in terms of efficacy for intubation and ventilation, and safety in an airway rescue situation.METHODSPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing I-gel and Fastrach SGD in adult patients undergoing intubation. The primary outcome was the first-pass success rate for tracheal intubation. Secondary outcomes were tracheal intubation time, SGD insertion time and success, and complications. We computed risk ratios (RRs) to assess binary end points and weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous outcomes, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the primary outcome and its subgroup analysis (P < .05 was considered statistically significant) and 99% CI after Bonferroni correction for the secondary outcomes (P < .01 was considered statistically significant).RESULTSThis study included a total of 14 RCTs encompassing 1340 patients. The results indicated a significant difference in the first-pass success rate favoring Fastrach (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67-0.98; P = .03; I² = 91%). In the subgroup analysis, when a flexible scope was utilized through I-gel, providers achieved a better tracheal intubation first-pass success rate (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.11; P = .03; I² = 0%), compared with the Fastrach. Overall intubation success rates (RR, 0.92; 99% CI, 0.82-1.04; P = .08, I² = 92%) and time (WMD - 1.03 seconds; 99% CI, -4.75 to 2.69; P = .48; I² = 84%) showed no significant difference irrespective of the device used. There was no significant difference regarding device insertion time by the providers (WMD -6.48 seconds; 99% CI, -13.23 to 0.27; P = .01; I2 = 98%). Success rates of the providers' initial SGD insertion and complications such as sore throat (RR, 1.01; 99% CI, 0.65-1.57; P = .95, I² = 33%) and blood presence post-SGD removal (RR, 0.89; 99% CI, 0.42-1.86; P = .68, I² = 0%) showed no significant difference.CONCLUSIONSBased on our findings, a higher first-pass success rate was observed with the use of Fastrach when compared to I-gel. However, the use of I-gel might result in a better intubation success rate with the flexible scope-guided intubation. There are no significant differences in performance in terms of the success rate for intubation overall, time for device insertion, or time to intubation or complications regardless of the device used.
{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Performance of I-gel and Fastrach Laryngeal Mask Airway as an Intubating Device in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Maria Luisa Machado Assis,Fabricio Batistella Zasso,Matheus Pedrotti Chavez,Eduardo Cirne Toledo,Gabriel Motta,Leonardo Duarte Moraes,Eric Pasqualotto,Rafael Oliva Morgado Ferreira,Naveed Siddiqui,Kong Eric You-Ten","doi":"10.1213/ane.0000000000007000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000007000","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe supraglottic airway device (SGD) was introduced as a breakthrough in airway management. The Fastrach emerged as the first commercially available intubating SGD, drawing extensive investigation. I-gel is a more recent device that has gained popularity, can be used as an intubating SGD, and replaced Fastrach in many institutions. However, there is uncertainty regarding the comparison between these devices in terms of efficacy for intubation and ventilation, and safety in an airway rescue situation.METHODSPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing I-gel and Fastrach SGD in adult patients undergoing intubation. The primary outcome was the first-pass success rate for tracheal intubation. Secondary outcomes were tracheal intubation time, SGD insertion time and success, and complications. We computed risk ratios (RRs) to assess binary end points and weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous outcomes, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the primary outcome and its subgroup analysis (P < .05 was considered statistically significant) and 99% CI after Bonferroni correction for the secondary outcomes (P < .01 was considered statistically significant).RESULTSThis study included a total of 14 RCTs encompassing 1340 patients. The results indicated a significant difference in the first-pass success rate favoring Fastrach (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67-0.98; P = .03; I² = 91%). In the subgroup analysis, when a flexible scope was utilized through I-gel, providers achieved a better tracheal intubation first-pass success rate (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.11; P = .03; I² = 0%), compared with the Fastrach. Overall intubation success rates (RR, 0.92; 99% CI, 0.82-1.04; P = .08, I² = 92%) and time (WMD - 1.03 seconds; 99% CI, -4.75 to 2.69; P = .48; I² = 84%) showed no significant difference irrespective of the device used. There was no significant difference regarding device insertion time by the providers (WMD -6.48 seconds; 99% CI, -13.23 to 0.27; P = .01; I2 = 98%). Success rates of the providers' initial SGD insertion and complications such as sore throat (RR, 1.01; 99% CI, 0.65-1.57; P = .95, I² = 33%) and blood presence post-SGD removal (RR, 0.89; 99% CI, 0.42-1.86; P = .68, I² = 0%) showed no significant difference.CONCLUSIONSBased on our findings, a higher first-pass success rate was observed with the use of Fastrach when compared to I-gel. However, the use of I-gel might result in a better intubation success rate with the flexible scope-guided intubation. There are no significant differences in performance in terms of the success rate for intubation overall, time for device insertion, or time to intubation or complications regardless of the device used.","PeriodicalId":7799,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesia & Analgesia","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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