Iraq, a country with a rich history and culture, has been plagued by numerous challenges that have hindered the growth and development of its medical and scientific research community. Despite the many obstacles facing the country, there are dedicated healthcare professionals and researchers who are working tirelessly to advance medical knowledge and improve healthcare outcomes in Iraq[1].Medical scientific research in Iraq faces a critical predicament with inadequate funding and resources[2]. Due to thelimited government budget for medical research, there is an insufficient amount of support for research projects and facilities. The shortage of resources has led to a massive talent depletion,with numerous skilled medical researchers and professionals departing the country for better opportunities[3]
{"title":"Medical Scientific Research Challenges in Iraq","authors":"Hany A. Al-hussaniy","doi":"10.55940/medphar202228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202228","url":null,"abstract":"Iraq, a country with a rich history and culture, has been plagued by numerous challenges that have hindered the growth and development of its medical and scientific research community. Despite the many obstacles facing the country, there are dedicated healthcare professionals and researchers who are working tirelessly to advance medical knowledge and improve healthcare outcomes in Iraq[1].Medical scientific research in Iraq faces a critical predicament with inadequate funding and resources[2]. Due to thelimited government budget for medical research, there is an insufficient amount of support for research projects and facilities. The shortage of resources has led to a massive talent depletion,with numerous skilled medical researchers and professionals departing the country for better opportunities[3]","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87409709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a major concern in the field of reproductive medicine. In particular, idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (iRPL) is a condition in which recurrent pregnancy loss occurs without a known cause. Recent studies have shown that genetic factors may contribute to iRPL, and the presence of the 807C/T silent polymorphisms in the GPIa gene has been associated with a higher risk of thrombosis and recurrent abortion.Aim: to determine the allelic frequency of GPIa 807C/T in patients with iRPL and healthy controls in Iraq.Material and Method: A T-ARMS PCR-based method was used to analyze the allelic frequency of GPIa 807C/T in 25 patients with iRPL and 25 healthy controls. The genotypic and allelic frequencies were calculated, and a statistical analysis was performed.Result: The results of this study showed that the allelic frequency for 807C was 48% and 46% in the patient and control groups, respectively. The allelic frequency of 807T was recorded as 52% in the patient group, whereas the control group showed 54%. The patient group's genotypic frequencies were distributed as 16% for 807TT, 12% for 807CC, and 72% for 807CT. On the other hand, the control group reported genotypic frequencies of 32% for 807TT, 24% for 807CC, and 44% for 807CT. Interestingly, the TC heterozygous genotype of the GPIa gene's 807CT showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) with a risk (OR=3.27) in the patient group against the control.Conclusion: the results of this study suggest that the presence of the GPIa 807C/T polymorphism is associated with a higher risk of iRPL in Iraqi patient women. The findings of this study could be used to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for iRPL.
{"title":"Idiopathic Recurrent Pregnancy Loss related toGPIagenein Iraqi patient women","authors":"","doi":"10.55940/medphar202326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202326","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a major concern in the field of reproductive medicine. In particular, idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (iRPL) is a condition in which recurrent pregnancy loss occurs without a known cause. Recent studies have shown that genetic factors may contribute to iRPL, and the presence of the 807C/T silent polymorphisms in the GPIa gene has been associated with a higher risk of thrombosis and recurrent abortion.Aim: to determine the allelic frequency of GPIa 807C/T in patients with iRPL and healthy controls in Iraq.Material and Method: A T-ARMS PCR-based method was used to analyze the allelic frequency of GPIa 807C/T in 25 patients with iRPL and 25 healthy controls. The genotypic and allelic frequencies were calculated, and a statistical analysis was performed.Result: The results of this study showed that the allelic frequency for 807C was 48% and 46% in the patient and control groups, respectively. The allelic frequency of 807T was recorded as 52% in the patient group, whereas the control group showed 54%. The patient group's genotypic frequencies were distributed as 16% for 807TT, 12% for 807CC, and 72% for 807CT. On the other hand, the control group reported genotypic frequencies of 32% for 807TT, 24% for 807CC, and 44% for 807CT. Interestingly, the TC heterozygous genotype of the GPIa gene's 807CT showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) with a risk (OR=3.27) in the patient group against the control.Conclusion: the results of this study suggest that the presence of the GPIa 807C/T polymorphism is associated with a higher risk of iRPL in Iraqi patient women. The findings of this study could be used to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for iRPL.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86943063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Shaaban, Zeinab Gaber, S. Semary, Ahmad M. Dewidar
Abstract Background: Despite the fact that many studies have shown that vitamin B12 has no benefit in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, many doctors describe vitamin B12 for chemotherapy or hormonal treatment. Some studies have shown that it is effective in cancer treatment-related fatigue, especially with B12 deficiency anaemia. Vitamin B12 has anti-oxidant properties through a variety of mechanisms. Many clinical recommendations are against using antioxidants during cancer treatment; there is concern that using dietary supplements, particularly antioxidants, during treatment may reduce treatment efficacy. Methods: This is a retrospective study as part of Zeinab Gaber's thesis that reviewed the electronic records of 129 female breast cancer patients with stage I and II luminal (A&B) who were treated at the clinical oncology department, faculty of medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt, from the beginning of January 2015 to the end of December 2019. Results: There was no disease-free survival (DFS) difference in luminal A breast cancer that received or did not receive vitamin B12, with median DFS 80 months versus 81 months for received and not received Vitamin B12, respectively (SE 2.55-3.54, 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.88; P 0.843), and there was no DFS difference in luminal B breast cancer that received or did not receive Vitamin B12, with median DFS 76 months versus 73 months for received and not received Vitamin. There was no overall survival (OS) difference in luminal A breast cancer that received or did not receive vitamin B12, with median OS 83 months versus 82 months for received and not received Vitamin B12, respectively (SE 2.16-2.73, 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.89; P 0.865), and there was no OS difference in luminal B breast cancer that received or did not receive Vitamin B12, with median OS 81 months versus 80 months for received and not received Vitamin B12, respectively (SE 1.78-2.68, 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.85; P 0.572). Conclusion: Vitamin B12 had no effect on DFS or OS in luminal A or B early breast cancer patients and can be used safely when indicated.
{"title":"Impact of Vitamin B12 on outcome of Early Stage Luminal A and B Breast Cancer, single center experience","authors":"S. Shaaban, Zeinab Gaber, S. Semary, Ahmad M. Dewidar","doi":"10.55940/medphar202227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202227","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Despite the fact that many studies have shown that vitamin B12 has no benefit in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, many doctors describe vitamin B12 for chemotherapy or hormonal treatment. Some studies have shown that it is effective in cancer treatment-related fatigue, especially with B12 deficiency anaemia. Vitamin B12 has anti-oxidant properties through a variety of mechanisms. Many clinical recommendations are against using antioxidants during cancer treatment; there is concern that using dietary supplements, particularly antioxidants, during treatment may reduce treatment efficacy. Methods: This is a retrospective study as part of Zeinab Gaber's thesis that reviewed the electronic records of 129 female breast cancer patients with stage I and II luminal (A&B) who were treated at the clinical oncology department, faculty of medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt, from the beginning of January 2015 to the end of December 2019. Results: There was no disease-free survival (DFS) difference in luminal A breast cancer that received or did not receive vitamin B12, with median DFS 80 months versus 81 months for received and not received Vitamin B12, respectively (SE 2.55-3.54, 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.88; P 0.843), and there was no DFS difference in luminal B breast cancer that received or did not receive Vitamin B12, with median DFS 76 months versus 73 months for received and not received Vitamin. There was no overall survival (OS) difference in luminal A breast cancer that received or did not receive vitamin B12, with median OS 83 months versus 82 months for received and not received Vitamin B12, respectively (SE 2.16-2.73, 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.89; P 0.865), and there was no OS difference in luminal B breast cancer that received or did not receive Vitamin B12, with median OS 81 months versus 80 months for received and not received Vitamin B12, respectively (SE 1.78-2.68, 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.85; P 0.572). Conclusion: Vitamin B12 had no effect on DFS or OS in luminal A or B early breast cancer patients and can be used safely when indicated.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85437847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The development of a licensed malaria vaccine has been challenging due to the complex multi-stage life cycle, antigenic variation, and genetic diversity of Plasmodium. Numerous vaccines have been developed for various stages of Plasmodium, including pre-erythrocytic, blood stage, placenta, and transmission-blocking vaccines. However, none of these vaccines are completely effective and have high reactogenicity.Aim: The aim of this review is to examine the challenges and prospects in developing an effective malaria vaccine, with a focus on the development of a multi-stage or multivalent malaria vaccine.Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a review of the literature on malaria vaccine development, focusing on the challenges and prospects of developing an effective malaria vaccine.Results: Efforts are underway to develop a multi-stage or multivalent malaria vaccine (MultiMalVax) that may best target sporozoite development and neutralize merozoites, hepatocytes, and erythrocytes. A thorough understanding of potential vaccine targets and how immunity works is critical to developing a fully effective malaria vaccine.Conclusion: The challenges associated with developing an effective malaria vaccine are significant due to the complex nature of the Plasmodium life cycle. However, the development of a multi-stage or multivalent malaria vaccine offers prospects for overcoming these challenges and developing a fully effective malaria vaccine. A better understanding of potential vaccine targets and how immunity works is crucial in developing an effective vaccine against malaria.
{"title":"Malaria Vaccine Development: Challenges and Prospects","authors":"E. Etefia, Paul Inyang- Etoh","doi":"10.55940/medphar202225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202225","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of a licensed malaria vaccine has been challenging due to the complex multi-stage life cycle, antigenic variation, and genetic diversity of Plasmodium. Numerous vaccines have been developed for various stages of Plasmodium, including pre-erythrocytic, blood stage, placenta, and transmission-blocking vaccines. However, none of these vaccines are completely effective and have high reactogenicity.Aim: The aim of this review is to examine the challenges and prospects in developing an effective malaria vaccine, with a focus on the development of a multi-stage or multivalent malaria vaccine.Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a review of the literature on malaria vaccine development, focusing on the challenges and prospects of developing an effective malaria vaccine.Results: Efforts are underway to develop a multi-stage or multivalent malaria vaccine (MultiMalVax) that may best target sporozoite development and neutralize merozoites, hepatocytes, and erythrocytes. A thorough understanding of potential vaccine targets and how immunity works is critical to developing a fully effective malaria vaccine.Conclusion: The challenges associated with developing an effective malaria vaccine are significant due to the complex nature of the Plasmodium life cycle. However, the development of a multi-stage or multivalent malaria vaccine offers prospects for overcoming these challenges and developing a fully effective malaria vaccine. A better understanding of potential vaccine targets and how immunity works is crucial in developing an effective vaccine against malaria.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72453527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:Quality of life (QoL) is an essential indicator of how chronic disease impacts patients' lives, particularly for chronic kidney disease (CKD). While there is no statistically significant relationship between CKD stages and QoL, it is lower in individuals in the early stages of the disease.Aim:evaluate the Quality of life of patients undergoing kidney hemodialysis in Zawia, Libya.Material and Methods:Sixty-five patients with kidney disease or failure were included in the study, with 45% being female and55% being male. The study used face-to-face interviews with the patients to collect data. The study focused on four parts: 1) social demographic data, 2) distribution of maintenance hemodialysis patients according to their quality of life, 3) distributionof Quality of life satisfaction and dissatisfaction levels under study, and 4) the relationship between the duration of dialysis, age, material status, and kidney disease quality of life satisfaction and dissatisfaction level.Results:The study found that the majority of patients undergoing hemodialysis had a positive quality of life. However, some patients experienced varying degrees of dissatisfaction with their Quality of life. There was a positive correlation between the duration of dialysis and the level of satisfaction with Quality of life. Older patients and those with lower material status tended to have a lower quality of life satisfaction.Conclusion:This study highlights the importance of evaluating the Quality of life of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis in Zawia, Libya. Despite the majority of patients having a positive quality of life, some patients may require additional support to improve their Quality of life. The results of this study can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve the Quality of life of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis
{"title":"Evaluation of the Quality of life of Zawia (Libya) patients undergoing hemodialysis","authors":"","doi":"10.55940/medphar202229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202229","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Quality of life (QoL) is an essential indicator of how chronic disease impacts patients' lives, particularly for chronic kidney disease (CKD). While there is no statistically significant relationship between CKD stages and QoL, it is lower in individuals in the early stages of the disease.Aim:evaluate the Quality of life of patients undergoing kidney hemodialysis in Zawia, Libya.Material and Methods:Sixty-five patients with kidney disease or failure were included in the study, with 45% being female and55% being male. The study used face-to-face interviews with the patients to collect data. The study focused on four parts: 1) social demographic data, 2) distribution of maintenance hemodialysis patients according to their quality of life, 3) distributionof Quality of life satisfaction and dissatisfaction levels under study, and 4) the relationship between the duration of dialysis, age, material status, and kidney disease quality of life satisfaction and dissatisfaction level.Results:The study found that the majority of patients undergoing hemodialysis had a positive quality of life. However, some patients experienced varying degrees of dissatisfaction with their Quality of life. There was a positive correlation between the duration of dialysis and the level of satisfaction with Quality of life. Older patients and those with lower material status tended to have a lower quality of life satisfaction.Conclusion:This study highlights the importance of evaluating the Quality of life of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis in Zawia, Libya. Despite the majority of patients having a positive quality of life, some patients may require additional support to improve their Quality of life. The results of this study can inform the development of targeted interventions to improve the Quality of life of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85938211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:Patients suffering from severe malaria have an increased risk of co-occurring bacterial sepsis, which results in higher mortality rates than malaria alone. Concomitant bacterial infections can worsen malaria symptoms, leading to increased illness and death rates. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between malaria and concomitant bacteremia among patients in Ondo State, Nigeria.Aim: The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of bacterial concomitant among malaria patients and assess the relationship between malaria and bacteremia in the study population.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among feverish individuals in certain Ondo State government hospitals. One milliliter of blood was collected from malaria-positive patients, confirmed using microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films, and an Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) kit was cultured for bacterial enumeration. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square and correlation tests, with a 𝑃value <0.05 considered significant.Result: The study found a concomitant bacteria prevalence of 19.95% (85/426), with a significant (P= <0.001, r = 0.00334) positive correlation between malaria and bacterial concomitant.Age was significantly (p = 0.072, df= 18, χ2 = 27.389) associated with bacterial concomitant, and the mean bacterial count was 9.71±1.481 cfu/ml x 107. Furthermore, level of education, marital status and tribe also significantly (p<0.05) contributed to the prevalence of concomitant bacteria.Conclusion: Our research concludes that malaria may increase the risk of bacteremia, and a significant association between malaria and concomitant bacterial infection exists. However, the reasons for bacteria's abilityto invade and thrive in the bloodstream vary. The study's findings suggest that interventions are needed to address the high prevalence of concomitant bacterial infections among malaria patients in the study area.
{"title":"Prevalence of Concomitant Bacteria among malaria Patients attending Government Hospitals in Ondo State, South-West Nigeria","authors":"K. Ajayi, F. Omoya, M. Oladunmoye, B. Oladejo","doi":"10.55940/medphar202316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202316","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Patients suffering from severe malaria have an increased risk of co-occurring bacterial sepsis, which results in higher mortality rates than malaria alone. Concomitant bacterial infections can worsen malaria symptoms, leading to increased illness and death rates. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between malaria and concomitant bacteremia among patients in Ondo State, Nigeria.Aim: The study's objective was to determine the prevalence of bacterial concomitant among malaria patients and assess the relationship between malaria and bacteremia in the study population.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among feverish individuals in certain Ondo State government hospitals. One milliliter of blood was collected from malaria-positive patients, confirmed using microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films, and an Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) kit was cultured for bacterial enumeration. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square and correlation tests, with a 𝑃value <0.05 considered significant.Result: The study found a concomitant bacteria prevalence of 19.95% (85/426), with a significant (P= <0.001, r = 0.00334) positive correlation between malaria and bacterial concomitant.Age was significantly (p = 0.072, df= 18, χ2 = 27.389) associated with bacterial concomitant, and the mean bacterial count was 9.71±1.481 cfu/ml x 107. Furthermore, level of education, marital status and tribe also significantly (p<0.05) contributed to the prevalence of concomitant bacteria.Conclusion: Our research concludes that malaria may increase the risk of bacteremia, and a significant association between malaria and concomitant bacterial infection exists. However, the reasons for bacteria's abilityto invade and thrive in the bloodstream vary. The study's findings suggest that interventions are needed to address the high prevalence of concomitant bacterial infections among malaria patients in the study area.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81811844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Alopecia is a widespread hair loss condition affecting numerous individuals worldwide. This study aims to investigate the potential hair growth-promoting properties of a preparation containing an ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum and its primary components in a model of testosterone-induced alopecia. Aim: The objective of this research is to assess the effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract on hair regeneration using a testosterone-induced alopecia model. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using five groups of rats: negative control group (n = 6), positive control group (n = 6), testosterone plus minoxidil 2% (n = 6), testosterone and ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum extract (10 mg/kg) (n = 6), and testosterone and ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum extract (15 mg/kg). To induce alopecia, subcutaneous testosterone (1 mg/kg SC) was administered daily to all groups except the negative control group for 21 consecutive days. After 21 days, Anagen/telogen (A/T) ratio and the number of follicles were measured and recorded. Results: The standard group, treated with minoxidil 2%, showed a higher anagen/telogen (A/T) ratio, follicular density, and hair length compared to the positive control group. The groups treated with ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum at 10mg/kg and 15mg/kg displayed increased anagen/telogen ratio and improved hair follicle quantity and morphology compared to the positive control group. Furthermore, the group treated with 15mg/kg of the extract showed more favorable outcomes compared to the 10mg/kg group. These results were comparable to the effects of the commonly prescribed drug, Minoxidil 2%, used to promote hair growth in individuals with androgenetic alopecia. Conclusion: The preparation containing an ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum, especially at a concentration of 15mg/kg, demonstrated significant hair growth-promoting effects in the testosterone-induced alopecia model. Our findings suggest the potential of Ganoderma lucidum extract as a possible treatment for alopecia and merit further exploration for therapeutic applications.
{"title":"Ganoderma lucidum ethanolic extract for the treatment of androgenic alopecia in rats with testosterone-induced Baldness.","authors":"Poonam C. Rahangdale, A. Wankhade","doi":"10.55940/medphar202343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202343","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alopecia is a widespread hair loss condition affecting numerous individuals worldwide. This study aims to investigate the potential hair growth-promoting properties of a preparation containing an ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum and its primary components in a model of testosterone-induced alopecia. Aim: The objective of this research is to assess the effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract on hair regeneration using a testosterone-induced alopecia model. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using five groups of rats: negative control group (n = 6), positive control group (n = 6), testosterone plus minoxidil 2% (n = 6), testosterone and ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum extract (10 mg/kg) (n = 6), and testosterone and ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum extract (15 mg/kg). To induce alopecia, subcutaneous testosterone (1 mg/kg SC) was administered daily to all groups except the negative control group for 21 consecutive days. After 21 days, Anagen/telogen (A/T) ratio and the number of follicles were measured and recorded. Results: The standard group, treated with minoxidil 2%, showed a higher anagen/telogen (A/T) ratio, follicular density, and hair length compared to the positive control group. The groups treated with ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum at 10mg/kg and 15mg/kg displayed increased anagen/telogen ratio and improved hair follicle quantity and morphology compared to the positive control group. Furthermore, the group treated with 15mg/kg of the extract showed more favorable outcomes compared to the 10mg/kg group. These results were comparable to the effects of the commonly prescribed drug, Minoxidil 2%, used to promote hair growth in individuals with androgenetic alopecia. Conclusion: The preparation containing an ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum, especially at a concentration of 15mg/kg, demonstrated significant hair growth-promoting effects in the testosterone-induced alopecia model. Our findings suggest the potential of Ganoderma lucidum extract as a possible treatment for alopecia and merit further exploration for therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74420619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Gasmi, Ruth Williams Hooker, G. Maaouia, Anis Ben Chikhad
Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained significant popularity in recent years, both in medical and sports fields, primarily due to its potential improvements in various systems of the human body, including the metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune systems. Aim: This narrative review aims to explore the health effects of intermittent fasting (IF) in both healthy and unhealthy subjects, as well as mice. It aims to shed light on the diverse physiological mechanisms through which IF may influence health outcomes. Materials and Method: A comprehensive search for English-language manuscripts related to IF was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar. The reviewed manuscripts focused on the effects of intermittent fasting on the immune system and lipid profiles. Results: The data analysis revealed that intermittent fasting had a positive impact on the mentioned indicators. The findings suggest that IF could be an effective strategy for achieving better overall health. Conclusion: Intermittent fasting appears to offer potential health benefits, showing positive effects on the immune system and lipid profiles. Further research is warranted to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to explore its suitability as a health intervention.
{"title":"The effects of intermittent fasting on markers of health: A Narrative review","authors":"M. Gasmi, Ruth Williams Hooker, G. Maaouia, Anis Ben Chikhad","doi":"10.55940/medphar202348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202348","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intermittent fasting (IF) has gained significant popularity in recent years, both in medical and sports fields, primarily due to its potential improvements in various systems of the human body, including the metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune systems. Aim: This narrative review aims to explore the health effects of intermittent fasting (IF) in both healthy and unhealthy subjects, as well as mice. It aims to shed light on the diverse physiological mechanisms through which IF may influence health outcomes. Materials and Method: A comprehensive search for English-language manuscripts related to IF was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar. The reviewed manuscripts focused on the effects of intermittent fasting on the immune system and lipid profiles. Results: The data analysis revealed that intermittent fasting had a positive impact on the mentioned indicators. The findings suggest that IF could be an effective strategy for achieving better overall health. Conclusion: Intermittent fasting appears to offer potential health benefits, showing positive effects on the immune system and lipid profiles. Further research is warranted to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these effects and to explore its suitability as a health intervention.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80044920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Beshna, Reem A. Ashour, Najla A. Layas, Najwa S. Eldawi
Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) programs play a crucial role in improving drug usage patterns by detecting and reporting side effects. However, underreporting of ADRs remains a significant challenge, emphasizing the importance of healthcare professionals' involvement in the success of PV initiatives. Aim: The objective of this research was to evaluate the understanding, attitudes, and behaviors of pharmacists in Zawia, Libya, regarding pharmacovigilance and the reporting of adverse drug reactions. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted over two months in May and June 2023. A validated questionnaire was utilized to gather data from Zawia pharmacists. The self-structured questionnaire consisted of 100 samples and was employed through interviews with the pharmacists. Results: The questionnaire comprised three parts. The first part focused on the socio-demographic characteristics of Zawia pharmacists. The second part evaluated the pharmacists' comprehension of pharmacovigilance and adverse reactions using a set of nine items. The third part evaluated the pharmacists' attitudes and practices towards pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting with seven items. Conclusion: The study revealed that Zawia pharmacists displayed insufficient knowledge and attitude toward pharmacovigilance. Despite possessing adequate knowledge about adverse reactions, their practices towards ADRs and pharmacovigilance were relatively poor. This highlights the need for targeted educational interventions and improved reporting systems to enhance pharmacists' involvement in pharmacovigilance programs and foster better ADR reporting practices. Ultimately, addressing these issues can contribute to the overall success of PV initiatives and promote safer drug usage in Zawia, Libya.
{"title":"Pharmacovigilance knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pharmacists in Zawia (Libya)","authors":"E. Beshna, Reem A. Ashour, Najla A. Layas, Najwa S. Eldawi","doi":"10.55940/medphar202347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202347","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) programs play a crucial role in improving drug usage patterns by detecting and reporting side effects. However, underreporting of ADRs remains a significant challenge, emphasizing the importance of healthcare professionals' involvement in the success of PV initiatives. Aim: The objective of this research was to evaluate the understanding, attitudes, and behaviors of pharmacists in Zawia, Libya, regarding pharmacovigilance and the reporting of adverse drug reactions. Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted over two months in May and June 2023. A validated questionnaire was utilized to gather data from Zawia pharmacists. The self-structured questionnaire consisted of 100 samples and was employed through interviews with the pharmacists. Results: The questionnaire comprised three parts. The first part focused on the socio-demographic characteristics of Zawia pharmacists. The second part evaluated the pharmacists' comprehension of pharmacovigilance and adverse reactions using a set of nine items. The third part evaluated the pharmacists' attitudes and practices towards pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting with seven items. Conclusion: The study revealed that Zawia pharmacists displayed insufficient knowledge and attitude toward pharmacovigilance. Despite possessing adequate knowledge about adverse reactions, their practices towards ADRs and pharmacovigilance were relatively poor. This highlights the need for targeted educational interventions and improved reporting systems to enhance pharmacists' involvement in pharmacovigilance programs and foster better ADR reporting practices. Ultimately, addressing these issues can contribute to the overall success of PV initiatives and promote safer drug usage in Zawia, Libya.","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76675430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chioma Ogochukwu Anorue, Ihuoma N. Anyanwu, Ogochukwu C. Chiamah
Background: Ascariasis is a common intestinal parasitic infection prevalent among school children in many developing countries. Aim: this study was to determine the prevalence of ascariasis among school children in Ikwo Local Government Area (L.G.A.) of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Material and Method: Between February 2016 and December 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and 300 stool samples were collected from primary school children in Ikwo L.G.A. The brine flotation method was employed for laboratory analysis to detect the presence of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. The prevalence of ascariasis was calculated by determining the proportion of positive cases among the total number of children examined. Results: Out of the 300 stool samples examined, 180 were found to be infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, yielding a prevalence rate of 60%. Among the infected school children, 170 were males (66.6%) and 130 were females (33.3%). The infection rate among males was significantly higher than among females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study identified a high prevalence of ascariasis among school children in Ikwo L.G.A., Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions, such as deworming programs and health education campaigns, to reduce the burden of ascariasis and improve the overall health of the affected population, particularly among school-aged children
{"title":"A cross sectional study on the prevalence of ascariasis among school children; a case study of ikwo, ebonyi state nigeria","authors":"Chioma Ogochukwu Anorue, Ihuoma N. Anyanwu, Ogochukwu C. Chiamah","doi":"10.55940/medphar202338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55940/medphar202338","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ascariasis is a common intestinal parasitic infection prevalent among school children in many developing countries. Aim: this study was to determine the prevalence of ascariasis among school children in Ikwo Local Government Area (L.G.A.) of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Material and Method: Between February 2016 and December 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and 300 stool samples were collected from primary school children in Ikwo L.G.A. The brine flotation method was employed for laboratory analysis to detect the presence of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. The prevalence of ascariasis was calculated by determining the proportion of positive cases among the total number of children examined. Results: Out of the 300 stool samples examined, 180 were found to be infected with Ascaris lumbricoides, yielding a prevalence rate of 60%. Among the infected school children, 170 were males (66.6%) and 130 were females (33.3%). The infection rate among males was significantly higher than among females (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study identified a high prevalence of ascariasis among school children in Ikwo L.G.A., Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions, such as deworming programs and health education campaigns, to reduce the burden of ascariasis and improve the overall health of the affected population, particularly among school-aged children","PeriodicalId":7822,"journal":{"name":"Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135947806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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