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A Case Report: Attempted Suicide and Suicidal Behavior in an 8 Years Old Child 一例8岁儿童自杀未遂及自杀行为
Pub Date : 2019-11-04 DOI: 10.33140/ijp.04.02.04
In most of the countries suicide is one of the ten leading causes of death and for young people it is the second most commoncause. But in children suicide is rare and associated with severe personal and social problems. A useful definition of suicidalbehavior in children developed by Pfeiffer is “Any self-destructive behavior that has intent to seriously damage oneself orcause death (1986)”. The thought of a child dying by suicide challenges the ideals we hold about how our children growand develop at their own home and society. It also raises considerations about children’s understandings of death and theircapacity to have the intent to suicide. The relationship between psychiatric disorders and adolescent suicide is now wellestablished. Mood disorders, substance abuse, conduct disorder and prior suicide attempts are strongly related with youthand child suicides. Factors related to family adversity, style of parenting and child rearing, recent socio-cultural transitionand other precipitating problems also contribute to the risk of suicide. The main target of effective prevention of child andyouth suicide is to reduce suicide risk factors. Recognition and effective treatment of psychiatric disorders, e.g. depression,conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorders are essential in preventing child and adolescent suicides. In the treatmentof youth depression, psychosocial treatments have proved to be useful and efficacious. Here we have described about thecase of a 08 year old boy, presenting with restlessness, impulsiveness, multiple threats and one episode of attempted suicidefollowing refusal to watch TV by parents.
在大多数国家,自杀是十大死亡原因之一,对年轻人来说,自杀是第二大常见原因。但在儿童中,自杀是罕见的,并与严重的个人和社会问题有关。Pfeiffer对儿童自杀行为的一个有用定义是“任何意图严重伤害自己或导致死亡的自毁行为(1986)”。一个孩子死于自杀的想法挑战了我们对孩子如何在自己的家庭和社会中成长和发展的理想。它还提出了对儿童对死亡的理解以及他们有自杀意图的能力的考虑。精神障碍与青少年自杀之间的关系现在已经确立。情绪障碍、药物滥用、行为障碍和先前的自杀企图与青少年自杀密切相关。与家庭逆境、育儿方式和育儿方式、最近的社会文化转变以及其他引发问题有关的因素也会导致自杀风险。有效预防儿童和青少年自杀的主要目标是减少自杀的危险因素。认识和有效治疗精神障碍,如抑郁症、行为障碍、对立违抗性障碍,对于预防儿童和青少年自杀至关重要。在青年抑郁症的治疗中,心理社会治疗已被证明是有用和有效的。在这里,我们描述了一个08岁男孩的故事,他表现出不安、冲动、多次威胁和一集父母拒绝看电视后的自杀未遂。
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引用次数: 0
The mind and the body. 心灵和身体。
Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvq4c09w.7
L. Miller
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引用次数: 0
Does there is Relevancy between Falooda Ice Cream Loving and Urine Nitrites? 爱吃冰淇淋与尿中亚硝酸盐是否相关?
Pub Date : 2019-08-26 DOI: 10.33140/ijp.04.02.02
M. Qadir, Zubair Saleem
Naturally source of nitrites are vegetables like cabbage, spinach and vegetables, it is form of nitrogen. High levels of nitritesin urine are sign of urinary tract infection. Some bacteria are responsible for urinary tract infection such as proteus andklebsiella but doctor also prescribed some antibiotics against bacteria. Women are more suffering in urine tract infectionthan men. Positive test for nitrites is called nitrituria. For measuring the levels of nitrites in urine urinalysis is done. Faloodaice creams looking beautiful with different layers that make it healthy drink but a few of people tries to avoid by eating itbecause it contains high levels of sugar.
亚硝酸盐的天然来源是蔬菜,如卷心菜、菠菜和蔬菜,它是氮的一种形式。尿中亚硝酸盐含量高是尿路感染的征兆。有些细菌会导致尿路感染,比如变形杆菌和克雷伯菌,但医生也会开一些抗生素来对抗细菌。女性比男性更易患尿路感染。亚硝酸盐检测呈阳性称为亚硝酸盐尿。为了测量尿液中亚硝酸盐的含量,需要进行尿液分析。Faloodaice cream Faloodaice cream Faloodaice cream有不同的层次,看起来很漂亮,使它成为健康的饮料,但有些人试图避免吃它,因为它含有高水平的糖。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Depression among Postmenopausal Women in National Guard PrimaryHealthcare Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯利雅得国民警卫队初级保健中心绝经后妇女抑郁症患病率
Pub Date : 2019-07-26 DOI: 10.33140/ijp.04.02.01
Background: Reports of prevalence rates of depression in postmenopause show inconsistent results, with some studiesdemonstrating an increase in depressive symptoms whereas others show a decrease or no difference.Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and define some risk factors of depression in postmenopausal women aged 45-65years in primary health care settings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted throughout the period June-August, 2018 at KingAbdul Aziz Medical City-National Guard (KAMC-NG) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in three large primary care centers. Itincluded a sample of postmenopausal women who completed at least 12 months of amenorrhea and aged between 45and 65 years. The Arabic version of PHQ-9 was utilized to detect depression and Menopausal rating scale (MRS) wasused to assess the severity of menopausal symptoms.Results: The study included 300 women. The prevalence of major depressive symptoms among them was 29%. Morethan half (60.7%) of the respondents had moderate social support, three quarters (75%) scored mild to severe symptomson the menopausal rating scale while 25% were asymptomatic.Women who were: unmarried (84.2%), housewives(79.2%), illiterate (83.2%), menopaused since≥10 years (87.5%), having more than five children (81.4%), underwentoophorectomy (100%), with poor social support (93.9%) and never exercised (82.4%) were more likely to report mildto severe symptoms. Also, significantly higher percentages of participants who have hypertension (81.9%), diabetes(82.1%), Dyslipedemia (88.1%) and hypothyroidism (81.4 %) experienced mild to severe menopausal symptoms, p<0.05.The degree of severity on the PHQ has strong significant (P<0.001) correlation with marital status, employment status,educational level and income.Conclusion: Depression is a relatively common disorder among postmenopausal women in Riyadh. Some sociodemographic indicators were identified. Care should be paid to this important group and further larger studies arerecommended.
背景:关于绝经后抑郁患病率的报告显示出不一致的结果,一些研究显示抑郁症状增加,而另一些研究则显示抑郁症状减少或没有差异。目的:评估沙特阿拉伯利雅得初级卫生保健环境中45-65岁绝经后妇女的抑郁症患病率并确定一些风险因素。受试者和方法:这项横断面研究于2018年6月至8月在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的金阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹医疗城国民警卫队(KAMC-NG)三个大型初级保健中心进行。它包括一个绝经后妇女的样本,她们完成了至少12个月的闭经,年龄在45~65岁之间。阿拉伯语版PHQ-9用于检测抑郁症,更年期评定量表(MRS)用于评估更年期症状的严重程度。结果:该研究包括300名女性。其中重度抑郁症状的发生率为29%。超过一半(60.7%)的受访者有中度社会支持,四分之三(75%)的受访者在更年期评分表上有轻度至重度症状,25%的受访者没有症状。未婚(84.2%)、家庭主妇(79.2%)、文盲(83.2%)、月经暂停≥10年(87.5%)、有5个以上孩子(81.4%)、脐下切除术(100%)、社会支持差(93.9%)和从未锻炼(82.4%)的女性更有可能报告轻度至重度症状。此外,患有高血压(81.9%)、糖尿病(82.1%)、高脂血症(88.1%)和甲状腺功能减退症(81.4%)的参与者中,出现轻度至重度更年期症状的比例显著较高,p<0.05。PHQ的严重程度与婚姻状况、就业状况、教育水平和收入有很强的显著相关性(p<0.001)。结论:抑郁症是利雅得绝经后妇女中相对常见的疾病。确定了一些社会人口指标。应该注意这一重要群体,并建议进一步进行更大规模的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms among Adults with OvertHypothyroidism on Treatment in Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study 利雅得接受治疗的成人甲状腺功能亢进症患者抑郁症状的患病率及相关因素:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-29 DOI: 10.33140/ijp.04.01.5
Background: There is strong associated between depression and hypothyroidism. People with a chronic disease andon lifelong medication are more likely to have poorer mental health than those with no illnesses. This study aimed tomeasure the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in adults with overt hypothyroidism on treatmentin primary care clinics in Riyadh.Methods and findings: Cross-sectional study of 369 patients with overt hypothyroidism visiting primary care clinics andendocrine outpatient clinics at in Prince Mohammed bin Abdul-Aziz hospital .Data were collected using an the Arabicvalidated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for screening of depression among the participants . Prevalenceof depression among adult patients with hypothyroidism on treatment was 56.1% . It was moderately severe and severeamong 58.7% and 33.3% of depressed patients.Conclusions: Depression is a common health problem among patients with overt hypothyroidism on thyroxin treatment ,majority of patients has moderately severe to severe depression. Depression was more observed among older (≥40 years),female, divorced/widowed and lower educated patients compared to their counterparts. Also, it was more reported amongpatients with longer duration of hypothyroidism. No association was observed with levels of TSH and thyroxin hormones.
背景:抑郁症与甲状腺功能减退有很强的相关性。患有慢性疾病并终生服药的人比没有疾病的人更有可能有较差的心理健康状况。本研究旨在测量利雅得初级保健诊所治疗的明显甲状腺功能减退成人抑郁症状的患病率及相关因素。方法和研究结果:对在穆罕默德·本·阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹王子医院的初级保健诊所和内分泌门诊就诊的369例显性甲状腺功能减退患者进行横断面研究。使用阿拉伯验证版的患者健康问卷-9收集数据,以筛查参与者的抑郁症。治疗期间甲状腺功能减退的成人患者抑郁症患病率为56.1%。58.7%和33.3%的抑郁症患者表现为中度重度和重度。结论:抑郁症是显性甲状腺功能减退患者接受甲状腺素治疗后常见的健康问题,以中重度至重度抑郁症为主。抑郁症在年龄较大(≥40岁)、女性、离婚/丧偶和受教育程度较低的患者中更为常见。此外,在持续时间较长的甲状腺功能减退患者中也有较多的报道。未观察到与TSH和甲状腺激素水平相关。
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引用次数: 1
Late-Onset Manic Episode after Bariatric Surgery 减肥手术后迟发性躁狂发作
Pub Date : 2019-06-25 DOI: 10.33140/ijp.04.01.6
A manic episode is a clearly recognizable period with an abnormallyand persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood, with anabnormal and persistently increased targeted activity of energy,present for a week and during the biggest part of the day [1].The episode usually fits within a bipolar disorder, in which alsodepressive episodes occur. These episodes often precede the manicphase. When a first manic episode occurs at a later age without anypersonal history, a somatic cause must always be excluded. Lateonset mania is associated with increased somatic comorbidity inpatients aged 50 years and older. [2]
躁狂发作是一段明显可识别的时期,其情绪异常且持续升高、膨胀或易怒,伴有目标能量活动异常且持续增加,持续一周及一天的大部分时间。这种发作通常属于双相情感障碍,同时也会出现抑郁发作。这些发作通常发生在躁狂期之前。当第一次躁狂发作发生在没有任何个人病史的年龄较晚时,必须排除躯体原因。晚发性躁狂症与50岁及以上住院患者躯体共病增加有关。[2]
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引用次数: 0
Menopausal Experiences among Women in Addis Ababa 亚的斯亚贝巴妇女的更年期经历
Pub Date : 2019-03-30 DOI: 10.33140/ijp.04.01.2
The theme of women’s menopausal experience remains to be a focus of scientific inquiry in the western and Asian nations. However, the issue has not been studied in the African (mainly Ethiopia) context. This research endeavored to explore this issue (menopausal age, awareness, attitude, and symptoms) among women in Addis Ababa. A total of 212 women were sampled from heterogeneous settings (health centers, schools, and business centers) to fill in the structured questionnaire. Findings indicated that the mean age at menopause was lower (45.34 years) compared to those reported in other nations and this age was unrelated to age at first menstruation. Participants were with moderate level of awareness as well as attitude about menopause but had experienced fewer menopausal symptoms. The correlation analysis yielded that while menopausal awareness was positively related with attitudes, experience of menopausal symptoms was, however, related neither to awareness nor to attitudes. ANOVA test yielded significant differences among educational, marital, and menopausal groups in menopausal experiences. However, the direction of impact was found varied group-wise for the different kinds of menopausal experiences. A number of inconsistencies were found between findings of the present study and those documented in previous research and this could be because of cultural differences.
妇女更年期经历的主题仍然是西方和亚洲国家科学研究的焦点。然而,尚未在非洲(主要是埃塞俄比亚)的背景下研究这一问题。这项研究试图探讨亚的斯亚贝巴妇女的这一问题(更年期年龄、意识、态度和症状)。共有212名女性从不同的环境(卫生中心、学校和商业中心)中抽样,填写结构化问卷。研究结果表明,与其他国家的报告相比,更年期的平均年龄更低(45.34岁),而且这个年龄与第一次月经的年龄无关。参与者对更年期有中等程度的认识和态度,但更年期症状较少。相关分析表明,虽然更年期意识与态度呈正相关,但更年期症状的经历与意识和态度无关。ANOVA检验显示,教育、婚姻和更年期组在更年期经历方面存在显著差异。然而,不同类型的更年期经历的影响方向各不相同。本研究的结果与先前研究中记录的结果之间存在许多不一致之处,这可能是由于文化差异。
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引用次数: 1
Racism and Psychiatry 种族主义与精神病学
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90197-8
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引用次数: 6
Obsessive Neurosis in the Sigmund Freud Approach 西格蒙德·弗洛伊德方法中的强迫症
Pub Date : 2018-12-13 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.12.002196
Ronaldo Chicre Araújo, Welerson Silva Carneiro, Gabriel da Costa Duriguetto
Obsessive neurosis manifests itself through conjuration rites,obsessing symptoms, and permanent mental rumination, in whichscruples and doubts interfere with action. It was the Frenchpsychiatrist Jules Falret (1824-1902) who used the term obsessionto highlight the fact that the subject is affected by pathological ideasand a guilt that obsesses and persecutes him, to the point of beingpejoratively compared to a living dead. The term obsession wastranslated into German by Richard Von Krafft Ebing, who madethe choice to use the word Zwangsneurose, which refers to an ideaof coercion and compulsion, in which the subject is obliged to actand think against his will. But it was Freud who had the merit ofconferring a theoretical and unpublished content on the old obsessionclinic [1].
痴迷性神经症表现为变魔术仪式、痴迷症状和永久性的心理沉思,在这些沉思中,顾虑和怀疑会干扰行动。正是法国精神病学家Jules Fallet(1824-1902)使用了“痴迷”一词,强调了一个事实,即受试者受到病理观念的影响,以及困扰和迫害他的内疚感,以至于被比作活死人。“痴迷”一词由Richard Von Krafft Ebing翻译成德语,他选择使用Zwangsneurose一词,这是指胁迫和强迫的概念,在这种概念中,主体必须违背自己的意愿行事和思考。但正是弗洛伊德的优点在于,他将一个理论上的、未发表的内容转化为古老的强迫症[1]。
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引用次数: 1
Massive Assymptomatic Creatine Kinase Elevation with Quetiapine – A Case Report 奎硫平引起大量无症状肌酸激酶升高一例报告
Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.33140/ijp/03/04/00001
I. Peixoto
Context: With the growth of antipsychotic prescription in children and adolescents, it is paramount the adequatemonitoring of clinical and analytical parameters. A syndrome of massive creatine kinase elevation has gained attentionin the literature in the last decade, with many clinical reports in adults and adolescents with psychotic disorders andunder antipsychotic treatment. However, clinical descriptions of this syndrome in adolescents with non-psychoticdisorders are still very scarce.Case Report: We describe the clinical case of a 14-year-old girl with a depressive disorder, with no history of psychotropicmedication, who developed a massive creatine kinase elevation syndrome upon administration of quetiapine. We explainthe diagnostic pathway and the clinical management of the case.Conclusion: This case reflects the need of a greater attention regarding the rare, but clinically relevant syndromeof massive creatine kinase elevation. This recognition will probably lead to a lowering of unnecessary diagnoses ofrhabdomyolisis or neuroleptic malignant syndromes in child and adolescent psychiatry practice.
背景:随着儿童和青少年抗精神病药物处方的增长,对临床和分析参数的充分监测至关重要。在过去的十年中,大量肌酸激酶升高综合征在文献中引起了关注,许多临床报道发生在患有精神障碍并接受抗精神病药物治疗的成人和青少年中。然而,这种综合征在青少年非精神障碍的临床描述仍然非常少。病例报告:我们描述了一名14岁的抑郁症女孩的临床病例,没有精神药物治疗史,在服用喹硫平后出现了大量肌酸激酶升高综合征。我们解释诊断途径和临床管理的情况下。结论:本病例反映了对大量肌酸激酶升高这一罕见但临床相关的综合征的重视。这种认识将可能导致在儿童和青少年精神病学实践中减少对横纹肌萎缩症或抗精神病药恶性综合征的不必要诊断。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International journal of psychiatry
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