Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and it’s a common chronic adult condition. Liquorice extract has been shown to effect the periodontium in decreasing its inflammation as a mouth wash. Aim of the study: Comparative study the effect of liquorice as a mouth rinse in patient with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods : In this study, 15 patients with chronic periodontists (study group) and 15 patient (control group) both received treatment in periodontal department of dentistry college by means of scaling and polishing, the study group in addition received the liquorice mouth rinse in order to study its effect and compare it with the control group. Plaque Index (PI) (sillness and loe 1964), Gingival Index (GI) (sillness and loe 1967) (1) were measured to assess the pattern of periodontal destruction for each patient. Result and discussion: Liquorice mouth-rinse users demonstrated less amount of plaque (study group) than in the (control group), and less gingival inflammation in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: Liquorice extract as a mouth rinse has a an effect on the periodontal tissue health, by decreasing the amount of plaque and gingival inflammation without any side effect it can used for long time and as adjunct with scaling and polishing as treatment of periodontal disease.
背景:慢性牙周炎是一种影响牙齿支撑组织的炎症性疾病，是一种常见的成人慢性疾病。甘草提取物已被证明可以减少牙周组织的炎症，作为漱口水。目的:比较甘草漱口水对慢性牙周炎患者的治疗效果。材料与方法:本研究将15例慢性牙周病患者(研究组)和15例慢性牙周病患者(对照组)分别在口腔学院牙周科接受洗牙和抛光治疗，研究组在此基础上给予甘草漱口水，研究其效果，并与对照组进行比较。测量菌斑指数(PI) (sillness and love 1964)和牙龈指数(GI) (sillness and love 1967)(1)，以评估每位患者牙周破坏的模式。结果与讨论:甘草漱口水使用者的牙菌斑(研究组)比对照组少，牙龈炎症(研究组)比对照组少。结论:甘草提取物作为漱口水对牙周组织健康有一定的促进作用，可减少牙菌斑和牙龈炎症，无副作用，可长期使用，可配合洗牙和抛光治疗牙周病。
{"title":"The Iraqi Method of Natural Liquorice as a Mouth Rinse and Its Effect in Patient with Chronic Periodontitis","authors":"A. Ali, R. Mohammed","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V38I1.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V38I1.72","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and it’s a common chronic adult condition. Liquorice extract has been shown to effect the periodontium in decreasing its inflammation as a mouth wash. Aim of the study: Comparative study the effect of liquorice as a mouth rinse in patient with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods : In this study, 15 patients with chronic periodontists (study group) and 15 patient (control group) both received treatment in periodontal department of dentistry college by means of scaling and polishing, the study group in addition received the liquorice mouth rinse in order to study its effect and compare it with the control group. Plaque Index (PI) (sillness and loe 1964), Gingival Index (GI) (sillness and loe 1967) (1) were measured to assess the pattern of periodontal destruction for each patient. Result and discussion: Liquorice mouth-rinse users demonstrated less amount of plaque (study group) than in the (control group), and less gingival inflammation in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: Liquorice extract as a mouth rinse has a an effect on the periodontal tissue health, by decreasing the amount of plaque and gingival inflammation without any side effect it can used for long time and as adjunct with scaling and polishing as treatment of periodontal disease.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82328593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : In clinical trial studies, the success of dental implant depends on excellent biocompatibility, mechanical strength and characteristic of material such as surface properties of material. The Objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of coating implants with two materials (Al2O3 &HA) .And this was in mixture form or in two layers form. Then their effect on the bond strength at the bone/implant interface with cell compatibility was evaluated. Materials and methods: Electrophoretic deposition technique (EPD) was used to obtain a uniform coating for each one of two types of coated layers on the screws (mixture of 50%HA and 50% Alumina and two layers). For examination of the changes occurred on the surface, structural ,elemental analysis and morphological investigations were carried out on the modified surfaces of the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy using different techniques, namely X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The in vivo study was done by the implantation of tapered screw–shaped uncoated and coated implants of 3mm diameter, 8 mm length (the threaded part is 5 mm and the smooth part is 3 mm) and 0.5mm pitch height.The tibia of white New Zealand rabbits were chosen as implantation sites. The right tibia of rabbit received two screws, (one uncoated and coated) while the left tibia of a rabbit received coated screws of two layers. To understand the bone-implant interface, biomechanical test was performed after 2, 6 and 18 weeks healing periods. 15 rabbits were sacrificed for each period. A removal torque was done for ten animals in each group, whereas the other five ones were used for histological testing with optical microscope. Results: The results indicates that there was a rapid reaction of bone towards coated Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy implants as compared with the uncoated one and more mature bone was observed after 6 weeks of implantation in screws coated with a mixture of Alumina and HA. The biomechanical test revealed that there was an increase in the torque mean value at bone-implant interface with time, with the highest mean values of bond strength in implants coated with a mixture of 50% HA and 50%Alumina. Also the bond strength of two layers coating was more than that of uncoated. The results of histological examination revealed a well tissue response with the formation of a lamellate and haversian type of osteon tissue after 18 weeks. Conclusion : this study concludes that coating by electrophoresis proved to be a valuable process to coat metallic implants with an osteoconductive material, and to form a uniform biocomposite and multiple layer coating. The biomechanical and biological properties of the bone-implant interface associated with the coated implants were improved comparing to the uncoated ones they have better mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility through the improved performance of bone at the site of a bone implant contact area than the uncoated implants.
{"title":"Studying the coating of Alumina and Hydroxy Apatite on Tapered Dental Implant (In Vivo and In Vitro Study)","authors":"R. K. Jassim, Yaarob M. Salman, T. L. Alzubaydi","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V38I1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V38I1.67","url":null,"abstract":"Background : In clinical trial studies, the success of dental implant depends on excellent biocompatibility, mechanical strength and characteristic of material such as surface properties of material. The Objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of coating implants with two materials (Al2O3 &HA) .And this was in mixture form or in two layers form. Then their effect on the bond strength at the bone/implant interface with cell compatibility was evaluated. Materials and methods: Electrophoretic deposition technique (EPD) was used to obtain a uniform coating for each one of two types of coated layers on the screws (mixture of 50%HA and 50% Alumina and two layers). For examination of the changes occurred on the surface, structural ,elemental analysis and morphological investigations were carried out on the modified surfaces of the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy using different techniques, namely X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The in vivo study was done by the implantation of tapered screw–shaped uncoated and coated implants of 3mm diameter, 8 mm length (the threaded part is 5 mm and the smooth part is 3 mm) and 0.5mm pitch height.The tibia of white New Zealand rabbits were chosen as implantation sites. The right tibia of rabbit received two screws, (one uncoated and coated) while the left tibia of a rabbit received coated screws of two layers. To understand the bone-implant interface, biomechanical test was performed after 2, 6 and 18 weeks healing periods. 15 rabbits were sacrificed for each period. A removal torque was done for ten animals in each group, whereas the other five ones were used for histological testing with optical microscope. Results: The results indicates that there was a rapid reaction of bone towards coated Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy implants as compared with the uncoated one and more mature bone was observed after 6 weeks of implantation in screws coated with a mixture of Alumina and HA. The biomechanical test revealed that there was an increase in the torque mean value at bone-implant interface with time, with the highest mean values of bond strength in implants coated with a mixture of 50% HA and 50%Alumina. Also the bond strength of two layers coating was more than that of uncoated. The results of histological examination revealed a well tissue response with the formation of a lamellate and haversian type of osteon tissue after 18 weeks. Conclusion : this study concludes that coating by electrophoresis proved to be a valuable process to coat metallic implants with an osteoconductive material, and to form a uniform biocomposite and multiple layer coating. The biomechanical and biological properties of the bone-implant interface associated with the coated implants were improved comparing to the uncoated ones they have better mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility through the improved performance of bone at the site of a bone implant contact area than the uncoated implants.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75953416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: improving polymethylemethacrylate (PMMA) resin properties is the challenge nowadays, this can be done by adding several forms and types of nano- and micro-particles to the powder or to the monomer , the aims of the study is to investigate some mechanical properties of the acrylic resin after the addition of SiO2 nano-particles in combination with polyester fibers. Materials and Methods: The research includes 160 samples divided into four groups, four tests investigated in the study: Transverse flexural strength, impact strength, surface hardness and surface roughness (n=10). Group I is the control (No addition), group II with the addition of SiO2 5% by wt. nano-particles, group III in which polyester fibers 3% by wt., 6 mm length added and group IV contains a combination of SiO2 5% by wt. nano-particles and polyester fibers 3% by wt., 6 mm length. The data analyzed by ANOVA Table and multiple comparison post hoc Tukey’s tests. Results: Show that a mark increase in the impact and flexural strength when combination of 5% by wt. silanated SiO2 and 3% by wt. and 6 mm length polyester fiber incorporated into PMMA resin; while flexural strength and surface hardness tests show that there was no significant differences among the groups after ANOVA Table inferential statistical analysis application. Surface roughness comparison among the groups revealed that group containing silanated SiO2 only gives the highest rough surface while group containing polyester fiber only shows the lowest value of roughness. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, incorporation of silanated SiO2 and polyester fiber combinations in a significant weight and fiber length lead to enhancement in the impact and flexural strength of PMMA resins and with no or little effect on the surface hardness and roughness properties.
{"title":"Comparison of Some Mechanical Properties of Silanated SiO2 and Polyester Fiber Composite Incorporation into Heat Cured Acrylic Resin.","authors":"A. Fatihallah","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.55","url":null,"abstract":"Background: improving polymethylemethacrylate (PMMA) resin properties is the challenge nowadays, this can be done by adding several forms and types of nano- and micro-particles to the powder or to the monomer , the aims of the study is to investigate some mechanical properties of the acrylic resin after the addition of SiO2 nano-particles in combination with polyester fibers. Materials and Methods: The research includes 160 samples divided into four groups, four tests investigated in the study: Transverse flexural strength, impact strength, surface hardness and surface roughness (n=10). Group I is the control (No addition), group II with the addition of SiO2 5% by wt. nano-particles, group III in which polyester fibers 3% by wt., 6 mm length added and group IV contains a combination of SiO2 5% by wt. nano-particles and polyester fibers 3% by wt., 6 mm length. The data analyzed by ANOVA Table and multiple comparison post hoc Tukey’s tests. Results: Show that a mark increase in the impact and flexural strength when combination of 5% by wt. silanated SiO2 and 3% by wt. and 6 mm length polyester fiber incorporated into PMMA resin; while flexural strength and surface hardness tests show that there was no significant differences among the groups after ANOVA Table inferential statistical analysis application. Surface roughness comparison among the groups revealed that group containing silanated SiO2 only gives the highest rough surface while group containing polyester fiber only shows the lowest value of roughness. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, incorporation of silanated SiO2 and polyester fiber combinations in a significant weight and fiber length lead to enhancement in the impact and flexural strength of PMMA resins and with no or little effect on the surface hardness and roughness properties.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81524588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Significant improvements in tooth colored restorative materials and adhesive techniques have resulted in numerous conservative esthetic treatment possibilities. Direct composite veneers are cheaper alternative to other types of veneers such as porcelain veneers and no–prep. veneers e.g. lumineers. They are composed from combination of materials which reduces the cost and makes them an affordable alternative. Porcelain veneers are steadily increasing in popularity among today’s dental practitioners for conservative restoration of anesthetic anterior teeth(1).
{"title":"Direct and Indirect Veneers to Correct Tooth Color, Form and Alignment. Cases Report","authors":"A. J. Al-Azzawi, Z. Jawad","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.62","url":null,"abstract":"Significant improvements in tooth colored restorative materials and adhesive techniques have resulted in numerous conservative esthetic treatment possibilities. Direct composite veneers are cheaper alternative to other types of veneers such as porcelain veneers and no–prep. veneers e.g. lumineers. They are composed from combination of materials which reduces the cost and makes them an affordable alternative. Porcelain veneers are steadily increasing in popularity among today’s dental practitioners for conservative restoration of anesthetic anterior teeth(1).","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76029478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Dental extraction is a surgical procedure that requires hemostasis, several haemostatic agents may be beneficial, laser-assisted coagulation can be used for many surgical procedures like dental extraction. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of 940 nm diode laser-assisted coagulation following dental extraction in the soft tissue healing of the extraction wound site. Methods: Thirty patients with 32 extraction sites were randomly separated into two groups. Group A patients with 17 extraction sites, their bleeding sites were stopped by exposing them to a 940 nm diode laser operated in a continuous wave mode of radiation and 0.1193 W/mm2 power density, while group B patients with 15 extraction sites, the healing of the extraction sites left to happen normally. Results: Group A extraction sites presented with less pain and accelerated healing compared with group B extraction sites. Conclusion: The use of 940 nm diode laser operated in CW mode with 0.1193 W/mm2 power density on immediate extraction socket site causes an immediate hemostasis and accelerated wound healing. Practical Applications: The immediate hemostasis and healing acceleration achieved with laser radiation can be of very beneficial for immediate fixed restorations.
{"title":"Clinical Assessment of Tissue Healing of Extracted Sockets Irradiated with 940 Nm Diode Laser","authors":"A. Mahmood, N. H. Hammoodi","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dental extraction is a surgical procedure that requires hemostasis, several haemostatic agents may be beneficial, laser-assisted coagulation can be used for many surgical procedures like dental extraction. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of 940 nm diode laser-assisted coagulation following dental extraction in the soft tissue healing of the extraction wound site. Methods: Thirty patients with 32 extraction sites were randomly separated into two groups. Group A patients with 17 extraction sites, their bleeding sites were stopped by exposing them to a 940 nm diode laser operated in a continuous wave mode of radiation and 0.1193 W/mm2 power density, while group B patients with 15 extraction sites, the healing of the extraction sites left to happen normally. Results: Group A extraction sites presented with less pain and accelerated healing compared with group B extraction sites. Conclusion: The use of 940 nm diode laser operated in CW mode with 0.1193 W/mm2 power density on immediate extraction socket site causes an immediate hemostasis and accelerated wound healing. Practical Applications: The immediate hemostasis and healing acceleration achieved with laser radiation can be of very beneficial for immediate fixed restorations.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90676796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Internal derangement is defined as an abnormality in the articular disc position and sometimes its’ morphology that may interfere with normal function. The aims of study was to correlate between the clinical signs and symptoms and 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging findings of the articular disc position in patients with internal derangement of temporomandibular joint. Materials and methods: A total forty six (30 study and 16 control) participants aged between18 and 49 years, were examined according to Helkimo clinical dysfunction index scoring criteria which include clinical examinations of the range of mandibular mobility, impaired TMJ function, muscle pain ,TMJ pain and pain during mandibular movement. Results: There is statistically high significant difference between Helkimo clinical dysfunction index in the cases group (with temporomandibular joint disorders) and controls group with MRI findings of disc position, that as the severity of index increased, there were progression of disc displacement and shows positive association expressed by significant probability (p) value. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between Helkimos’ clinical dysfunction index and MRI findings in patients with internal derangement of temporomandibular joint.
{"title":"Correlation between Clinical Features and 3 T Mri Findings of Disc Position Status in Patients with Internal Derangement of Temporomandibular Joint","authors":"Zeinab Ghadhanfer Hammod, L. A. Nakib, R. Tawfeq","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.59","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Internal derangement is defined as an abnormality in the articular disc position and sometimes its’ morphology that may interfere with normal function. The aims of study was to correlate between the clinical signs and symptoms and 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging findings of the articular disc position in patients with internal derangement of temporomandibular joint. Materials and methods: A total forty six (30 study and 16 control) participants aged between18 and 49 years, were examined according to Helkimo clinical dysfunction index scoring criteria which include clinical examinations of the range of mandibular mobility, impaired TMJ function, muscle pain ,TMJ pain and pain during mandibular movement. Results: There is statistically high significant difference between Helkimo clinical dysfunction index in the cases group (with temporomandibular joint disorders) and controls group with MRI findings of disc position, that as the severity of index increased, there were progression of disc displacement and shows positive association expressed by significant probability (p) value. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between Helkimos’ clinical dysfunction index and MRI findings in patients with internal derangement of temporomandibular joint.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87363238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Dental practitioners as other healthcare workers confront an identified risk of occupational complications. This profession has been practiced in Iraq for decades. Baghdad college of dentistry was established in the middle of the past century and graduated a significant number of dentists. Nearly ten thousands dentists have been registered in the Iraqi dental association, therefore the purpose of this study was to identify the occupational risks and the impact of the dental profession on the health of a sample of Iraqi dentists. Material and method Information was obtained using a self-report questionnaire form designed for this purpose and distributed to dentists who agreed to take part in this survey. The respondents for this study included all dentists working in the government institutions in Baghdad (the capital) and the other provinces of Iraq and private practices as well. The data were collected and analyzed to explore the frequency of the occupational hazards (diseases) by the authors. Results The total number of the dentists responded to the survey were (284) which represent 81% of the respondent. The male to female ratio 1.39:1. Their age ranged between 23 - 64 years and the mean was 37.1 with SD± 9.6. The average weekly working days was (5), with average working hours of (37.5). Dentistry was considered by 92.7 % as a stressful occupation with 64 % was classified it moderate level. The frequency of the musculoskeletal problems was 54.9 % followed by joint 50.51%, vision 45.7%. cardiovascular 23.23%, allergy 17.6%, neural symptoms related to the practice 17.34 %.and 9.8% infections transmitted through the occupation. Conclusion The majority of dentists feel that dentistry is a stressful profession. The occupation related problems were mainly noticed as musculoskeletal followed by joint, visual, cardiovascular, neural, allergy and infectious diseases respectively. Identifying and focusing on the risks of the occupation in the Iraqi dental colleges curriculums and the Iraqi dental association continuing education programs for the graduated dentists is strongly recommended.
{"title":"The Impact of the Dental Profession on the Health Status of a Sample of Iraqi Dentists","authors":"J. Ahmed, N. A. Mousa","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.57","url":null,"abstract":"Background Dental practitioners as other healthcare workers confront an identified risk of occupational complications. This profession has been practiced in Iraq for decades. Baghdad college of dentistry was established in the middle of the past century and graduated a significant number of dentists. Nearly ten thousands dentists have been registered in the Iraqi dental association, therefore the purpose of this study was to identify the occupational risks and the impact of the dental profession on the health of a sample of Iraqi dentists. Material and method Information was obtained using a self-report questionnaire form designed for this purpose and distributed to dentists who agreed to take part in this survey. The respondents for this study included all dentists working in the government institutions in Baghdad (the capital) and the other provinces of Iraq and private practices as well. The data were collected and analyzed to explore the frequency of the occupational hazards (diseases) by the authors. Results The total number of the dentists responded to the survey were (284) which represent 81% of the respondent. The male to female ratio 1.39:1. Their age ranged between 23 - 64 years and the mean was 37.1 with SD± 9.6. The average weekly working days was (5), with average working hours of (37.5). Dentistry was considered by 92.7 % as a stressful occupation with 64 % was classified it moderate level. The frequency of the musculoskeletal problems was 54.9 % followed by joint 50.51%, vision 45.7%. cardiovascular 23.23%, allergy 17.6%, neural symptoms related to the practice 17.34 %.and 9.8% infections transmitted through the occupation. Conclusion The majority of dentists feel that dentistry is a stressful profession. The occupation related problems were mainly noticed as musculoskeletal followed by joint, visual, cardiovascular, neural, allergy and infectious diseases respectively. Identifying and focusing on the risks of the occupation in the Iraqi dental colleges curriculums and the Iraqi dental association continuing education programs for the graduated dentists is strongly recommended.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89574927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to evaluate a new treatment modality to decrease dental enamel demineralization via combing the effect of pulsed Neodymium Yttrium Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm) and Re-mineralizing paste(CPP-ACP containing sodium fluoride) regarding the tooth pulp chamber temperature elevation, calcium concentration dissolute from enamel surfaces and the dental enamel absorption of methylene blue stain by assessing (R red ,G green ,B blue)values. Sixty human permanent premolars were used for measuring calcium concentration dissolution and (R,G,B)s values. They randomly divided into six groups: the negative control group (A) received no treatment, and the positive control group (B) where the re-mineralizing paste was applied without laser irradiation. For the groups (C), (D), (E) and (F) the (1064 nm) pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used in two dose settings. The lower laser dose setting at (60 mJ) for the C and D groups,and the higher laser dose setting at (170mJ)for E and F groups respectively. Groups D and E in addition to laser irradiation the Re-mineralizing paste was applied. The atomic absorption photometry test results showed that groups C, and D were statistically different compared to the groups A and B (p<0.001) in the reduction of calcium dissolution, Whereas Groups E and F shown non-significant reduction in calcium dissolution compared to control groups. Twenty teeth were used to assess the temperature elevation during irradiation using a K-type thermocouple at 37 ± 0.5 C, divided for ten teeth for each irradiation settings. The maximum tempers of temperature test showed that the maximum temperature increases for group E was very high significant difference (p<0.05) over that of groups C. The (R,G,B)s value test showed that groups C and D having lower affinity to absorb methylene blue stain, and they are statically significant different compared to the groups A and B .while groups E and F showing a higher affinity to absorb methylene blue stain compared to control groups.
{"title":"The Effect of Nd:YAG Laser and Casein- Phosphor-Peptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate with Fluoride on Dental Enamel De-mineralization: In vitro study","authors":"Hiba Issam Abdulahhab, A. Mahmood","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.61","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate a new treatment modality to decrease dental enamel demineralization via combing the effect of pulsed Neodymium Yttrium Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser (1064 nm) and Re-mineralizing paste(CPP-ACP containing sodium fluoride) regarding the tooth pulp chamber temperature elevation, calcium concentration dissolute from enamel surfaces and the dental enamel absorption of methylene blue stain by assessing (R red ,G green ,B blue)values. Sixty human permanent premolars were used for measuring calcium concentration dissolution and (R,G,B)s values. They randomly divided into six groups: the negative control group (A) received no treatment, and the positive control group (B) where the re-mineralizing paste was applied without laser irradiation. For the groups (C), (D), (E) and (F) the (1064 nm) pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used in two dose settings. The lower laser dose setting at (60 mJ) for the C and D groups,and the higher laser dose setting at (170mJ)for E and F groups respectively. Groups D and E in addition to laser irradiation the Re-mineralizing paste was applied. The atomic absorption photometry test results showed that groups C, and D were statistically different compared to the groups A and B (p<0.001) in the reduction of calcium dissolution, Whereas Groups E and F shown non-significant reduction in calcium dissolution compared to control groups. Twenty teeth were used to assess the temperature elevation during irradiation using a K-type thermocouple at 37 ± 0.5 C, divided for ten teeth for each irradiation settings. The maximum tempers of temperature test showed that the maximum temperature increases for group E was very high significant difference (p<0.05) over that of groups C. The (R,G,B)s value test showed that groups C and D having lower affinity to absorb methylene blue stain, and they are statically significant different compared to the groups A and B .while groups E and F showing a higher affinity to absorb methylene blue stain compared to control groups.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86855006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In prosthodontic dentistry, Heat cure acrylic resin is the most popular denture base material. This material still requires different methods of reinforcement .One of which can be the addition of different kind of fibers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of plasma treated polyamide fibers on some properties of heat cure acrylic resin. Materials and methods: All specimens were prepared from heat cure acrylic resin. plasma treated polyamide fibers were added in different concentration as follow (0% no fibers control, 2%, 5% &7%).These fibers were treated with a plasma oxygen gas for two times 5min and 10 min .The properties of these specimens were evaluated through the following test: Transverse strength, Impact strength, Indentation hardness and surface roughness. Statistical analysis of data was done using ANOVA test. Results: In heat cure acrylic specimens reinforced with plasma treated polyamide fiber for 10 min , the highest mean values of Transverse strength and Impact strength (78.5+3.100)Mpa,( 7.821+0.763)KJ/m2 respectively. These results observed in specimens contain (5%) of fiber. Also, the effect of polyamide fiber treated with oxygen gas for 5 min increases transverse strength and impact strength. ANOVA test results revealed a non-significance difference among groups of specimens for indentation test only. Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study ,it can be concluded that 2%&5% of plasma treated polyamide fiber results in improvement in transverse strength, impact strength and surface roughness. While for Indentation hardness test, a statistically non significance difference was observed among all groups of specimens.
{"title":"Studying the properties of heat cure acrylic resin after reinforced with polyamide fibers treated with plasma (oxygen gas)","authors":"R. K. Jassim","doi":"10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/IDJ.V37I3.54","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In prosthodontic dentistry, Heat cure acrylic resin is the most popular denture base material. This material still requires different methods of reinforcement .One of which can be the addition of different kind of fibers. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of plasma treated polyamide fibers on some properties of heat cure acrylic resin. Materials and methods: All specimens were prepared from heat cure acrylic resin. plasma treated polyamide fibers were added in different concentration as follow (0% no fibers control, 2%, 5% &7%).These fibers were treated with a plasma oxygen gas for two times 5min and 10 min .The properties of these specimens were evaluated through the following test: Transverse strength, Impact strength, Indentation hardness and surface roughness. Statistical analysis of data was done using ANOVA test. Results: In heat cure acrylic specimens reinforced with plasma treated polyamide fiber for 10 min , the highest mean values of Transverse strength and Impact strength (78.5+3.100)Mpa,( 7.821+0.763)KJ/m2 respectively. These results observed in specimens contain (5%) of fiber. Also, the effect of polyamide fiber treated with oxygen gas for 5 min increases transverse strength and impact strength. ANOVA test results revealed a non-significance difference among groups of specimens for indentation test only. Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study ,it can be concluded that 2%&5% of plasma treated polyamide fiber results in improvement in transverse strength, impact strength and surface roughness. While for Indentation hardness test, a statistically non significance difference was observed among all groups of specimens.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77821271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maha Ali Hasan Al-Juboori, Hadeel A. Al-Hashimi, Shifaa H. Al-Naimi
Background: Development of techniques that could adequately provide anchorage in moving individual tooth or groups of teeth in desired direction is one of the major concerns of orthodontic. Mini-implants provide reliable stable anchorage. The aim of this study was to compare of the bone density between two points within alveolar bone to decide which one was more reliable for insertion of mini-implant. Materials and method: Computed tomographic images were obtained for 70 patients (24 males and 46 females) with an age range 18- 30 years. Bone density of buccal cortical and cancellous bones was measured between 2nd premolar and 1st molar at two preselected level (points 3 and 6 mm) from the alveolar crest in both maxilla and mandible. Results: According to independent t-test, the bone density at point 6 mm was higher than that at point 3 mm with a statistically significant difference between them in both maxilla and mandible except in maxillary cancellous bone which shows a non-significant difference. Conclusions: It was concluded that the alveolar bone density increased from the alveolar bone crest toward the basal bone. Point 6 mm is more recommended in the upper jaw, while in the lower jaw, point 3 mm is more recommended.
{"title":"Bone Density Level Difference between Maxillary and Mandibular 2nd Premolar and 1st Molar in Iraqi Adults with Class I Occlusion","authors":"Maha Ali Hasan Al-Juboori, Hadeel A. Al-Hashimi, Shifaa H. Al-Naimi","doi":"10.26477/idj.v37i3.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26477/idj.v37i3.58","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Development of techniques that could adequately provide anchorage in moving individual tooth or groups of teeth in desired direction is one of the major concerns of orthodontic. Mini-implants provide reliable stable anchorage. The aim of this study was to compare of the bone density between two points within alveolar bone to decide which one was more reliable for insertion of mini-implant. Materials and method: Computed tomographic images were obtained for 70 patients (24 males and 46 females) with an age range 18- 30 years. Bone density of buccal cortical and cancellous bones was measured between 2nd premolar and 1st molar at two preselected level (points 3 and 6 mm) from the alveolar crest in both maxilla and mandible. Results: According to independent t-test, the bone density at point 6 mm was higher than that at point 3 mm with a statistically significant difference between them in both maxilla and mandible except in maxillary cancellous bone which shows a non-significant difference. Conclusions: It was concluded that the alveolar bone density increased from the alveolar bone crest toward the basal bone. Point 6 mm is more recommended in the upper jaw, while in the lower jaw, point 3 mm is more recommended.","PeriodicalId":78326,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Dental Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84514115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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