Background: To explore the clinical nursing effect of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in neurosurgery.
Methodology: 200 neurosurgical patients were randomly divided into two groups. The time of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in our hospital (January 2021) was used as the cut-off point, the PN group and the PN+EN group were divided according to the cut-off point. Nutritional status, immune status, occurrence of adverse events, prognosis-related indicators were compared between the two groups.
Results: Nutritional status and immune status at 7 days of nutritional support in the PN+EN group were higher than those in the PN group, The difference was statistically significant. The total incidence of adverse events in the PN+EN group (3.00%) was significantly lower than that in the PN group (11.00%), and the difference was statistically significant. The average ICU treatment time, average hospital stay and emerging infection rate in the PN+EN group were lower than those in the PN group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in neurosurgery can achieve a more ideal intervention effect. It is beneficial to the prognosis of patients and has a certain value of promotion and application.
Keywords: Neurosurgery; parenteral nutrition support; enteral nutrition support; nursing effect.
{"title":"Clinical nursing application of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in neurosurgery","authors":"Meiying Huang, Sha Yang, Aixia Gu, Mingxia Xu, Cong Sha","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.64","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To explore the clinical nursing effect of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in neurosurgery.
 Methodology: 200 neurosurgical patients were randomly divided into two groups. The time of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in our hospital (January 2021) was used as the cut-off point, the PN group and the PN+EN group were divided according to the cut-off point. Nutritional status, immune status, occurrence of adverse events, prognosis-related indicators were compared between the two groups.
 Results: Nutritional status and immune status at 7 days of nutritional support in the PN+EN group were higher than those in the PN group, The difference was statistically significant. The total incidence of adverse events in the PN+EN group (3.00%) was significantly lower than that in the PN group (11.00%), and the difference was statistically significant. The average ICU treatment time, average hospital stay and emerging infection rate in the PN+EN group were lower than those in the PN group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
 Conclusion: Parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition support in neurosurgery can achieve a more ideal intervention effect. It is beneficial to the prognosis of patients and has a certain value of promotion and application.
 Keywords: Neurosurgery; parenteral nutrition support; enteral nutrition support; nursing effect.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135062650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Abbasi, P. Ali, V. Barbour, K. Bibbins-Domingo, Marcel G M Olde Rikkert, P. Gong, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, R. Horton, Bob Mash, A. Mitra, C. Monteiro, Elena N Naumova, Eric J Rubin, Tilman Ruff, P. Sahni, J. Tumwine, P. Yonga, Chris Zielinski
NIL
无
{"title":"Editorial: Reducing the risks of nuclear war: the role of health professionals","authors":"K. Abbasi, P. Ali, V. Barbour, K. Bibbins-Domingo, Marcel G M Olde Rikkert, P. Gong, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, R. Horton, Bob Mash, A. Mitra, C. Monteiro, Elena N Naumova, Eric J Rubin, Tilman Ruff, P. Sahni, J. Tumwine, P. Yonga, Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>NIL</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To study and analyse the socio-demographic profile and basic risk factors of tuberculosis(TB) patients and their relationwith the current epidemiological status of TB registered under the RNTEP program in the study area.
Subjects and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 1743 newly registered tuberculosis patients at TB-DOT centerof South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India from 2011-2014. Socio-demographic variables and baseline characteristics of theparticipants were noted by a semi-structured questionnaire.
Results: Our study results indicate that more than 95% of the TB patients were from lower socioeconomic class, and hadpoor literacy status and tuberculosis was observed highest in non-agricultural labour and cultivators. Among the young adult’smajority of the affected population were females from the lower/upper-lower socioeconomic class. Our analysis revealed that,in successful tuberculosis therapy, men were more defaulters than women.
Conclusion: Our study provides a socioeconomic profile and the risk factors of tuberculosis in patients such as the status oftherapeutic intervention, involvement of other chronic diseases, age, sex and malnutrition. The findings of this study can beused to plan future studies with specific risk factors of the region and also for implementing the intervention and evaluating itseffectiveness.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; socio-demographic factors; multi-drug resistance; pulmonary tuberculosis; extra-pulmonarytuberculosis.
{"title":"Evaluation of socio-demographic profile and basic risk factors of tuberculosis patients in South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal, India: a hospital-based study","authors":"Sujay Kumar Bhunia, Sananda Dey, Amitava Pal, Biplab Giri","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.42","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study and analyse the socio-demographic profile and basic risk factors of tuberculosis(TB) patients and their relationwith the current epidemiological status of TB registered under the RNTEP program in the study area.
 Subjects and Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 1743 newly registered tuberculosis patients at TB-DOT centerof South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India from 2011-2014. Socio-demographic variables and baseline characteristics of theparticipants were noted by a semi-structured questionnaire.
 Results: Our study results indicate that more than 95% of the TB patients were from lower socioeconomic class, and hadpoor literacy status and tuberculosis was observed highest in non-agricultural labour and cultivators. Among the young adult’smajority of the affected population were females from the lower/upper-lower socioeconomic class. Our analysis revealed that,in successful tuberculosis therapy, men were more defaulters than women.
 Conclusion: Our study provides a socioeconomic profile and the risk factors of tuberculosis in patients such as the status oftherapeutic intervention, involvement of other chronic diseases, age, sex and malnutrition. The findings of this study can beused to plan future studies with specific risk factors of the region and also for implementing the intervention and evaluating itseffectiveness.Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; socio-demographic factors; multi-drug resistance; pulmonary tuberculosis; extra-pulmonarytuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is increasingly recognized as emerging infectious disease of publichealth concern. Globally, 206030 people were diagnosed with MDR-TB in 2019, representing a 10% increase from 186883peoplewho had it in 2018. In Uganda, the prevalence of MDR among new TB cases is 4.4% and 17.7% among previously treatedTB cases.
Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with MDR-TB among tuberculosis patients in Gulu regional referral hospital.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collectionand analysis was used. Data was collected from 384 TB patients using data extraction form and 6 Key informant interviewsconducted. Analysis using Pearson chi-square test was run.
Results: HIV positive patients were 2.6 times more likely to be infected with MDR-TB than HIV negative patients [AOR=2.6:95% CI 1.34– 5.85: P=0.006]. Previously treated TB patients were 2.8 times more likely to be infected with MDR-TB than newlydiagnosed TB patients [AOR=2.8: 95% CI 1.33– 5.85: P=0.006]. Defaulting TB patients were 3.1 times more likely to be infectedwith MDR-TB than the non-defaulting TB patients [AOR=3.1]
Conclusion: There is high prevalence of drug resistance among patients attending TB treatment at the facility.
Keywords: MDR-TB; tuberculosis; HIV; Gulu Regional Referral Hospital.
背景:耐多药结核病(MDR-TB)日益被认为是引起公共卫生关注的新兴传染病。2019年，全球有206030人被诊断患有耐多药结核病，比2018年的186883人增加了10%。在乌干达，耐多药耐药在新发结核病例中的流行率为4.4%，在以前治疗过的结核病例中为17.7%。目的:了解鼓鲁地区转诊医院结核病患者耐多药结核病相关危险因素。材料和方法:采用横断面分析研究，采用定量和定性的数据收集和分析方法。采用数据抽取法对384例结核病患者进行数据收集，并对6名关键信息提供者进行访谈。采用Pearson卡方检验进行分析。
结果:HIV阳性患者感染耐多药结核病的可能性是HIV阴性患者的2.6倍[AOR=2.6:95% CI 1.34 ~ 5.85: P=0.006]。既往结核病患者感染耐多药结核病的可能性是新诊断结核病患者的2.8倍[AOR=2.8: 95% CI 1.33 - 5.85: P=0.006]。默认结核患者感染耐多药结核的可能性是非默认结核患者的3.1倍[AOR=3.1]
结论:该院结核病患者耐药率较高。
关键词:耐多药结核病;肺结核;艾滋病毒;古鲁地区转诊医院。
{"title":"Assessment of risk factors associated with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Gulu regional referral hospital","authors":"Kizito Omona, Albert Mucha Opiyo","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.41","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is increasingly recognized as emerging infectious disease of publichealth concern. Globally, 206030 people were diagnosed with MDR-TB in 2019, representing a 10% increase from 186883peoplewho had it in 2018. In Uganda, the prevalence of MDR among new TB cases is 4.4% and 17.7% among previously treatedTB cases.
 Aim: To determine the risk factors associated with MDR-TB among tuberculosis patients in Gulu regional referral hospital.
 Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collectionand analysis was used. Data was collected from 384 TB patients using data extraction form and 6 Key informant interviewsconducted. Analysis using Pearson chi-square test was run.
 Results: HIV positive patients were 2.6 times more likely to be infected with MDR-TB than HIV negative patients [AOR=2.6:95% CI 1.34– 5.85: P=0.006]. Previously treated TB patients were 2.8 times more likely to be infected with MDR-TB than newlydiagnosed TB patients [AOR=2.8: 95% CI 1.33– 5.85: P=0.006]. Defaulting TB patients were 3.1 times more likely to be infectedwith MDR-TB than the non-defaulting TB patients [AOR=3.1]
 Conclusion: There is high prevalence of drug resistance among patients attending TB treatment at the facility.
 Keywords: MDR-TB; tuberculosis; HIV; Gulu Regional Referral Hospital.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthrosis significantly reduces self-perception. However, the intrinsicrelationship between bone metabolism and SPP and cell activity at the molecular level remains unclear. The purpose of thisstudy was to understand the relationship between RA bone metabolic indicators and immune inflammation-related proteins.
Methods: A total of 30 patients with RA and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Four bone metabolism measures and nineproteins expression measures were collected from RA patients and healthy controls. Spearman Correlation Analysis and Logistic-regression Analysis were adopted for associations between bone metabolism and proteins.
Results: We screened and verified 3 key proteins, namely interleukin-11 (IL-11), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and programmed celldeath-2 (PD-L2) related to immunity and inflammation through microarray analysis. Levels of IL-2, IL-5, IL-11, IL-17, CTLA4,TNF-β were higher in RA patients than in the control group (P<0.05), meanwhile, the levels of IL-8, PD-L2, TNF-β and B7-2were low in RA patients (P>0.05).The results of Spearman Correlation Test suggested that sharp score was positively correlatedwith age, CCP was positively correlated with RF, SDS score was positively correlated with RF, IL-17 was positively correlatedwith CCP, BGP was positively correlated with BALP, RANKL was positively correlated with BALP, VAS score was negativelycorrelated with CRP, TCM score was negatively correlated with SF-36 score.
Conclusion: BALP, BGP, OPG, RANKL were strongly associated with immune inflammation-related proteins and poor SPPin RA patients, which can be used to predict poor SPP in RA patients, although the underlying mechanisms need to be furtherexplored.Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis; bone destruction; self-perception of patient; protein expression profiling.
{"title":"Correlation between protein expression profiling of inflammation and bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis patients","authors":"Jie Wang, Jian Liu","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.73","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthrosis significantly reduces self-perception. However, the intrinsicrelationship between bone metabolism and SPP and cell activity at the molecular level remains unclear. The purpose of thisstudy was to understand the relationship between RA bone metabolic indicators and immune inflammation-related proteins.
 Methods: A total of 30 patients with RA and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Four bone metabolism measures and nineproteins expression measures were collected from RA patients and healthy controls. Spearman Correlation Analysis and Logistic-regression Analysis were adopted for associations between bone metabolism and proteins.
 Results: We screened and verified 3 key proteins, namely interleukin-11 (IL-11), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and programmed celldeath-2 (PD-L2) related to immunity and inflammation through microarray analysis. Levels of IL-2, IL-5, IL-11, IL-17, CTLA4,TNF-β were higher in RA patients than in the control group (P<0.05), meanwhile, the levels of IL-8, PD-L2, TNF-β and B7-2were low in RA patients (P>0.05).The results of Spearman Correlation Test suggested that sharp score was positively correlatedwith age, CCP was positively correlated with RF, SDS score was positively correlated with RF, IL-17 was positively correlatedwith CCP, BGP was positively correlated with BALP, RANKL was positively correlated with BALP, VAS score was negativelycorrelated with CRP, TCM score was negatively correlated with SF-36 score.
 Conclusion: BALP, BGP, OPG, RANKL were strongly associated with immune inflammation-related proteins and poor SPPin RA patients, which can be used to predict poor SPP in RA patients, although the underlying mechanisms need to be furtherexplored.Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis; bone destruction; self-perception of patient; protein expression profiling.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justina Lungameni, Emma Maano Nghitanwa, Laura Uusiku
Introduction: Apgar score is conducted to a baby immediately after birth checking how the baby tolerated the birth processand outside the uterus.
Objectives: To describe the neonatal factors associated with immediate low Apgar score and analysing the associations amongfactors associated with low Apgar score in new-born babies.
Methods: A quantitative, case-control, descriptive research design was used. Study population were all maternal records ofdeliveries conducted between 01 January 2019 and 31 December 2019. Simple random sampling was used to select the samplesize for 194 cases and 194 controls using a 1:1 case-control ratio. Records indicating low Apgar scores were the cases while normalApgar scores were the controls. A total of 388 maternal files were reviewed. Data were collected using a document reviewchecklist and analysed using SPSS version 26.
Results: The study found that, neonatal factors associated with immediate low Apgar score are; gestational age, foetal presentation,cord prolapse, cord around the neck and the importance of cardiotocography interpretation as they had a P-value > 0.005.
Conclusion: Gestational age, birth weight, foetal presentation, cord around the neck and lack of cardiotocography assessmentwere found to be associated with immediate low Apgar score.
Keywords: Neonatal; factors; immediate low Apgar score; newborn; babies.
介绍:Apgar评分是在婴儿出生后立即进行的，检查婴儿对分娩过程和子宫外的耐受情况。目的:描述新生儿即时低Apgar评分的相关因素，并分析新生儿低Apgar评分相关因素之间的相关性。
方法:采用定量、病例对照、描述性研究设计。研究人群为2019年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间分娩的所有产妇记录。采用简单随机抽样的方法选取194例病例和194例对照，按1:1的病例-对照比进行抽样。记录显示低Apgar评分为病例，而正常Apgar评分为对照。共审查了388份产妇档案。采用文献回顾表收集数据，并使用SPSS version 26进行分析。
结果:本研究发现，与新生儿即刻低Apgar评分相关的因素有;胎龄，胎儿表现，脐带脱垂，脐带绕颈和心脏造影解释的重要性，因为它们有p值>0.005 # x0D公司;结论:胎龄、出生体重、胎儿体位、脐带绕颈和缺乏心脏造影评估与即刻低Apgar评分有关。
关键词:新生儿;因素;即时低Apgar评分;新生儿;婴儿。
{"title":"Neonatal factors associated with immediate low Apgar score in newborn babies in an intermediate hospital in Namibia: a case control study","authors":"Justina Lungameni, Emma Maano Nghitanwa, Laura Uusiku","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Apgar score is conducted to a baby immediately after birth checking how the baby tolerated the birth processand outside the uterus.
 Objectives: To describe the neonatal factors associated with immediate low Apgar score and analysing the associations amongfactors associated with low Apgar score in new-born babies.
 Methods: A quantitative, case-control, descriptive research design was used. Study population were all maternal records ofdeliveries conducted between 01 January 2019 and 31 December 2019. Simple random sampling was used to select the samplesize for 194 cases and 194 controls using a 1:1 case-control ratio. Records indicating low Apgar scores were the cases while normalApgar scores were the controls. A total of 388 maternal files were reviewed. Data were collected using a document reviewchecklist and analysed using SPSS version 26.
 Results: The study found that, neonatal factors associated with immediate low Apgar score are; gestational age, foetal presentation,cord prolapse, cord around the neck and the importance of cardiotocography interpretation as they had a P-value > 0.005.
 Conclusion: Gestational age, birth weight, foetal presentation, cord around the neck and lack of cardiotocography assessmentwere found to be associated with immediate low Apgar score.
 Keywords: Neonatal; factors; immediate low Apgar score; newborn; babies.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136212123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rogers Mugisa, Edward Luke Kironde, Erisa Sabakaki Mwaka
Background: The study aimed to assess the perceived quality of life of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the Spine Unit of a tertiary hospital in Uganda. The study population comprised of patients with spinal cord injuries. Data were collected using the WHO Quality of Life Brief questionnaire and Functional Independence Measure tool.
Results: 103 patients participated in the study, most were male (73.8%), and had a mean age of 37.7 years. Most participants were married (57.3%), unemployed (72.8%) and had no steady source of income (62.1%). Road traffic accidents accounted for most injuries (59.2%). The mean duration since injury was 20.5 months. Most participants (58.3%) had incomplete spinal cord injuries and 84.5% had complications. The perceived overall quality of life was poor in 87.4% of patients. Being employed (p= 0.02), the presence of complications (p= 0.03), and injury severity (p= 0.003) significantly affected quality of life. Functional independent measure scores were significantly better in individuals less severe injuries and those with lumbar level of injury with mean scores of 113.1±8.9 and 99.9±15.3 respectively.
Conclusion: The overall self-reported quality of life among patients with traumatic spinal cord injury was generally poor.
Keywords: Quality of life; traumatic injury; spinal cord.
{"title":"Quality of life of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries: a cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in Uganda","authors":"Rogers Mugisa, Edward Luke Kironde, Erisa Sabakaki Mwaka","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.60","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study aimed to assess the perceived quality of life of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries.
 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the Spine Unit of a tertiary hospital in Uganda. The study population comprised of patients with spinal cord injuries. Data were collected using the WHO Quality of Life Brief questionnaire and Functional Independence Measure tool.
 Results: 103 patients participated in the study, most were male (73.8%), and had a mean age of 37.7 years. Most participants were married (57.3%), unemployed (72.8%) and had no steady source of income (62.1%). Road traffic accidents accounted for most injuries (59.2%). The mean duration since injury was 20.5 months. Most participants (58.3%) had incomplete spinal cord injuries and 84.5% had complications. The perceived overall quality of life was poor in 87.4% of patients. Being employed (p= 0.02), the presence of complications (p= 0.03), and injury severity (p= 0.003) significantly affected quality of life. Functional independent measure scores were significantly better in individuals less severe injuries and those with lumbar level of injury with mean scores of 113.1±8.9 and 99.9±15.3 respectively.
 Conclusion: The overall self-reported quality of life among patients with traumatic spinal cord injury was generally poor.
 Keywords: Quality of life; traumatic injury; spinal cord.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136212128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: WHO estimates that that 13% of babies are delivered low birth weight in Sub-Saharan Africa. Infants with LBWhave a twenty times greater risk of dying than infants weighing more than 2500 grams. The neonatal mortality rates in SouthSudan is 40 per 1000 live births. LBW significantly contributes to neonatal mortality rates.
Objectives: The study aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with LBW among newborns.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at three hospitals. Completed data on all live births was collectedusing a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied for factors associated withLBW. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was applied and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: We retrieved records of 11845 birth cohorts. The prevalence of LBW among newborns was 11.4%. The prevalenceof LBW at Aweil, Juba and Bor was 13.3%, 9.8% and 8.8% respectively. Maternal age less than 20 years and 35 years and above,multigravidity, GA < 37 weeks, male sex and multiple pregnancy were significantly associated with LBW.
Conclusion: The prevalence of LBW in infants was 11.4%. Associated factors were, maternal age, GA < 37 weeks, multigravidity,male sex and multiple pregnancy.
Keywords: Low birth weight; improve birth outcomes; multivariate logistic regression analysis.
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with low birth weight among newborns in South Sudan","authors":"Chol Lat, Florence Murila, Dalton Wamalwa","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: WHO estimates that that 13% of babies are delivered low birth weight in Sub-Saharan Africa. Infants with LBWhave a twenty times greater risk of dying than infants weighing more than 2500 grams. The neonatal mortality rates in SouthSudan is 40 per 1000 live births. LBW significantly contributes to neonatal mortality rates.
 Objectives: The study aimed at determining the prevalence and factors associated with LBW among newborns.
 Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at three hospitals. Completed data on all live births was collectedusing a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied for factors associated withLBW. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was applied and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
 Results: We retrieved records of 11845 birth cohorts. The prevalence of LBW among newborns was 11.4%. The prevalenceof LBW at Aweil, Juba and Bor was 13.3%, 9.8% and 8.8% respectively. Maternal age less than 20 years and 35 years and above,multigravidity, GA < 37 weeks, male sex and multiple pregnancy were significantly associated with LBW.
 Conclusion: The prevalence of LBW in infants was 11.4%. Associated factors were, maternal age, GA < 37 weeks, multigravidity,male sex and multiple pregnancy.
 Keywords: Low birth weight; improve birth outcomes; multivariate logistic regression analysis.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kasereka Muteke, Milton W Musaba, David Mukunya, Jolly Beyeza, Julius N Wandabwa, Paul Kiondo
Background: The resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI postpartum among women with preeclampsia is not well documented in Uganda.
Objective: To determine the time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI postpartum until 6 weeks among women with preeclampsia in Mulago Hospital, Uganda.
Methods: Between August 2017 and April 2018, we measured blood pressure, urine protein and serum creatinine on days 1,7,21 and 42 postpartum among 86 women with preeclampsia. The primary outcomes were time to the resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI. We fitted accelerated failure models using Stata 17’s stintreg. command with a log normal distribution and obtained time ratios of selected exposures on time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI intervals.
Results: The median time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI was seven (7) days (Inter quartile range, IQR 1-21). The time to resolution of hypertension among primiparous women was 3.5 times that of multiparous women [TR 3.5, 95%CI 1.1, 11.3]. No differences were observed in resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and acute kidney injury.
Conclusion: The time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI was seven days. We recommend larger studies with longer follow-up beyond six-weeks postpartum to inform revision of our guidelines.
Keywords: Acute kidney injury; preeclampsia with severe features.
{"title":"Postpartum resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and acute kidney injury among women with preeclampsia and severe features at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda: a cohort study","authors":"Kasereka Muteke, Milton W Musaba, David Mukunya, Jolly Beyeza, Julius N Wandabwa, Paul Kiondo","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI postpartum among women with preeclampsia is not well documented in Uganda.
 Objective: To determine the time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI postpartum until 6 weeks among women with preeclampsia in Mulago Hospital, Uganda.
 Methods: Between August 2017 and April 2018, we measured blood pressure, urine protein and serum creatinine on days 1,7,21 and 42 postpartum among 86 women with preeclampsia. The primary outcomes were time to the resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI. We fitted accelerated failure models using Stata 17’s stintreg. command with a log normal distribution and obtained time ratios of selected exposures on time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI intervals.
 Results: The median time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI was seven (7) days (Inter quartile range, IQR 1-21). The time to resolution of hypertension among primiparous women was 3.5 times that of multiparous women [TR 3.5, 95%CI 1.1, 11.3]. No differences were observed in resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and acute kidney injury.
 Conclusion: The time to resolution of hypertension, proteinuria and AKI was seven days. We recommend larger studies with longer follow-up beyond six-weeks postpartum to inform revision of our guidelines.
 Keywords: Acute kidney injury; preeclampsia with severe features.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Wangwe, Mfaume Kibwana, Furaha August, Aman I Kikula
Background: Emergency caesarean section (CS) answers the question on how soon the procedure should be performed. Maternal and fetal outcomes deteriorate when decision to delivery interval (DDI) exceeds 75 min. This study aimed at determining the DDI, Maternal and fetal outcomes in CS categories at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH).
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 427 emergency CS at MNH was conducted from September to November, 2017. Data was extracted and analysed using SPSS version 23.0 where frequency, means, chi-square test and DDI were calculated to determine its association with categories of CS.
Results: The mean DDI for category one, two and three CS were 126.73, 133.57 and 160.08 min respectively. Only two (0.5%) and 54 (12.6%) of category one and two emergency CS met the recommended DDI of 30 and 75 min respectively. Maternal and fetal adverse outcome were increasing with increase in DDI. There was no significant association between DDI and adverse maternal outcome (OR: 1.2; 95% CI 0.49-2.83) and fetal outcome (OR: 1.7; 95% CI 0.91-3.38).
Conclusion: The proportions of adverse maternal and fetal outcome were high when DDI was ≥ 75 min. Improving triage of the patients according to their urgency is crucial in reducing prolonged DDI.
Keywords: Caesarean section category; maternal and fetal outcome; decision to delivery interval.
背景:紧急剖宫产(CS)回答了手术应该多快进行的问题。当决定分娩间隔(DDI)超过75分钟时，孕产妇和胎儿结局会恶化。本研究旨在确定Muhimbili国立医院(MNH) CS类别的DDI、孕产妇和胎儿结局。方法:2017年9月至11月，对MNH的427名紧急CS进行了描述性横断面研究。使用SPSS 23.0版本提取数据并进行分析，计算频率、平均值、卡方检验和DDI，以确定其与CS类别的关联。
结果:1、2、3类CS的平均DDI分别为126.73、133.57、160.08 min。只有2例(0.5%)和54例(12.6%)的1类和2类紧急CS分别达到建议的DDI 30和75分钟。母胎不良结局随DDI的增加而增加。DDI与产妇不良结局无显著相关性(OR: 1.2;95% CI 0.49-2.83)和胎儿结局(OR: 1.7;95% CI 0.91-3.38)。
结论:DDI≥75 min时不良母胎结局比例较高，根据患者的急迫性进行分诊是减少延长DDI的关键。
关键词:剖宫产类;母婴结局;决定交付间隔。
{"title":"Decision to delivery interval, maternal and fetal outcomes in emergency caesarean sections in a tertiary teaching hospital, Dar es salaam, Tanzania","authors":"Peter Wangwe, Mfaume Kibwana, Furaha August, Aman I Kikula","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emergency caesarean section (CS) answers the question on how soon the procedure should be performed. Maternal and fetal outcomes deteriorate when decision to delivery interval (DDI) exceeds 75 min. This study aimed at determining the DDI, Maternal and fetal outcomes in CS categories at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH).
 Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 427 emergency CS at MNH was conducted from September to November, 2017. Data was extracted and analysed using SPSS version 23.0 where frequency, means, chi-square test and DDI were calculated to determine its association with categories of CS.
 Results: The mean DDI for category one, two and three CS were 126.73, 133.57 and 160.08 min respectively. Only two (0.5%) and 54 (12.6%) of category one and two emergency CS met the recommended DDI of 30 and 75 min respectively. Maternal and fetal adverse outcome were increasing with increase in DDI. There was no significant association between DDI and adverse maternal outcome (OR: 1.2; 95% CI 0.49-2.83) and fetal outcome (OR: 1.7; 95% CI 0.91-3.38).
 Conclusion: The proportions of adverse maternal and fetal outcome were high when DDI was ≥ 75 min. Improving triage of the patients according to their urgency is crucial in reducing prolonged DDI.
 Keywords: Caesarean section category; maternal and fetal outcome; decision to delivery interval.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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