Third-party logistics companies face a challenging task in minimizing inventory transportation costs due to the complexities of managing numerous suppliers. Effectively optimizing costs becomes a formidable problem for such companies. This empirical research has yielded strategies for minimizing the inventory transportation cost specifically for company D. Through a rigorous optimization process, the findings presented in this paper demonstrate an average reduction of 7.18% in company D's inventory transportation cost. By jointly optimizing inbound logistics inventory transportation under VMI-TPL mode, this study extends the theory of supplier managed inventory and improves the inbound logistics mode. The results of this study can provide quantitative support and decision-making references for the project operation management of company D and similar enterprises.
{"title":"Research on integrated inventory transportation optimization of inbound logistics via a VMI-TPL model of an existing enterprise.","authors":"Kun Zhang, Hanping Hou, Zhiqiang Dong, Ziheng Liu","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2023724","DOIUrl":"10.3934/mbe.2023724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Third-party logistics companies face a challenging task in minimizing inventory transportation costs due to the complexities of managing numerous suppliers. Effectively optimizing costs becomes a formidable problem for such companies. This empirical research has yielded strategies for minimizing the inventory transportation cost specifically for company D. Through a rigorous optimization process, the findings presented in this paper demonstrate an average reduction of 7.18% in company D's inventory transportation cost. By jointly optimizing inbound logistics inventory transportation under VMI-TPL mode, this study extends the theory of supplier managed inventory and improves the inbound logistics mode. The results of this study can provide quantitative support and decision-making references for the project operation management of company D and similar enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"16212-16235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70216048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emuobor A Odeghe, Opeyemi O Owoseni, Evaristus S Chukwudike, Oluwafunmilayo F Adeniyi, Babatunde E Adigun, Ganiyat K Oyeleke, Aderemi O Oluyemi, Olufunmilayo A Lesi
Background: There is need for the appropriate use of gastroscopy. Objective: To determine the appropriateness of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and its association with significant endoscopyfindings in our environment. Methods: This was a prospective study of subjects who underwent gastroscopy at two centers in south-western Nigeria betweenAugust 2020 and August 2021. Indications were classified as either appropriate or inappropriate according to the ASGE guidelines, gastroscopic findings as either significant or not significant, patients as either elderly (≥ 60 years) or not, inpatients or outpatients, and referrals as either gastroenterologist referral, or not. Results: There were 227 subjects, 131 (57.7%) females, mean age 45 ± 13.7 years. Fifteen percent were elderly, 65.6% were gastroenterologist referrals, 14.1% were inpatients, while 45.8% had co-morbidities. Endoscopy was appropriately indicated in 81.9%, and significant endoscopy findings were detected in 95.6%. Appropriateness was not associated with significant endoscopy findings. The sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of the ASGE guidelines were 10%, 82%, and 0.46 respectively. Conclusion: According to our study, most procedures are appropriately indicated. However, appropriateness did not determineendoscopy yield. Larger studies are needed to determine the utility of the ASGE guidelines in our environment. Keywords: Appropriateness; endoscopy; Nigeria.
{"title":"Appropriateness and diagnostic yield of open access gastroscopy in two tertiary centers in South-western Nigeria","authors":"Emuobor A Odeghe, Opeyemi O Owoseni, Evaristus S Chukwudike, Oluwafunmilayo F Adeniyi, Babatunde E Adigun, Ganiyat K Oyeleke, Aderemi O Oluyemi, Olufunmilayo A Lesi","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.44","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is need for the appropriate use of gastroscopy. Objective: To determine the appropriateness of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and its association with significant endoscopyfindings in our environment. Methods: This was a prospective study of subjects who underwent gastroscopy at two centers in south-western Nigeria betweenAugust 2020 and August 2021. Indications were classified as either appropriate or inappropriate according to the ASGE guidelines, gastroscopic findings as either significant or not significant, patients as either elderly (≥ 60 years) or not, inpatients or outpatients, and referrals as either gastroenterologist referral, or not. Results: There were 227 subjects, 131 (57.7%) females, mean age 45 ± 13.7 years. Fifteen percent were elderly, 65.6% were gastroenterologist referrals, 14.1% were inpatients, while 45.8% had co-morbidities. Endoscopy was appropriately indicated in 81.9%, and significant endoscopy findings were detected in 95.6%. Appropriateness was not associated with significant endoscopy findings. The sensitivity, specificity and AUROC of the ASGE guidelines were 10%, 82%, and 0.46 respectively. Conclusion: According to our study, most procedures are appropriately indicated. However, appropriateness did not determineendoscopy yield. Larger studies are needed to determine the utility of the ASGE guidelines in our environment. Keywords: Appropriateness; endoscopy; Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullahi Z Muhammad, Bukar A Grema, A. Shuaibu, Godpower C Michael
Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual problem that profoundly affects intimate relationships. It is poorly studied in North-western Nigeria. Objectives: To assess the prevalence, severity and predictors of ED among adult males attending a primary care clinic in Northwest Nigeria. Methods: A cross-section of 392 males (aged ≥25 years) were randomly selected from attendees of a family medicine clinic in Kano, Nigeria. Information regarding their biodata, lifestyle factors, and clinical characteristics was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (version 5) and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 assessed ED and depression, respectively. Results: The participants' mean age was 45±14.1 years (range: 26-86 years). Most participants were married (88.8%), had one sexual partner (71.7%), had tertiary education (44.4%) and were traders (49.7%). The prevalence of ED was 52.3% (205/392) [comprising mild (36.0%), mild-to-moderate (14.3%), moderate (1.5%) and severe (0.5%)]. Age, body mass index (BMI), marital status, number of sexual partners, monthly income, type of exercise, hypertension history, blood pressure reading, antihypertensive and peptic ulcer drug use were associated with ED (P<0.05). However, age (≥50years) (OR= 1.91, 95%CI [1.28-2.85], P=0.001) and overweight/obesity (OR =1.81, 95%CI [1.18-2.77], P=0.007) were the predictors of ED in this population. Conclusion: ED prevalence was high, although mainly of the mild form. Age (≥50years) and overweight/obesity predicted ED. Hence, the need for early screening, objective grading of ED, identification of modifiable risk factors (e.g., overweight/obesity) and commencing proper treatment and prevention in this setting. Keywords: Correlates; erectile dysfunction; obesity; primary care; severity; Northwest Nigeria.
背景：勃起功能障碍（ED）是一种常见的性问题，严重影响亲密关系。尼日利亚西北部地区对这一问题的研究很少。 研究目的评估尼日利亚西北部一家初级保健诊所就诊的成年男性中勃起功能障碍的患病率、严重程度和预测因素。 方法从尼日利亚卡诺一家家庭医疗诊所的就诊者中随机抽取了 392 名男性（年龄≥25 岁）。通过结构化问卷调查获得了他们的生物数据、生活方式因素和临床特征等信息。国际勃起功能指数问卷（第 5 版）和患者健康问卷-2 分别对 ED 和抑郁症进行了评估。 结果：参与者的平均年龄为 45±14.1 岁（26-86 岁）。大多数参与者已婚（88.8%），有一个性伴侣（71.7%），受过高等教育（44.4%），是商人（49.7%）。ED 患病率为 52.3%（205/392）[包括轻度（36.0%）、轻度至中度（14.3%）、中度（1.5%）和重度（0.5%）]。年龄、体重指数（BMI）、婚姻状况、性伴侣数量、月收入、运动类型、高血压病史、血压读数、抗高血压药物和消化性溃疡药物的使用与 ED 相关（P<0.05）。然而，年龄（≥50 岁）（OR= 1.91，95%CI [1.28-2.85]，P=0.001）和超重/肥胖（OR=1.81，95%CI [1.18-2.77]，P=0.007）是该人群 ED 的预测因素。 结论ED 发病率很高，但主要是轻度 ED。年龄（≥50 岁）和超重/肥胖是预测 ED 的因素。因此，在这种情况下需要进行早期筛查、对 ED 进行客观分级、识别可改变的风险因素（如超重/肥胖）并开始适当的治疗和预防。 关键词：相关因素；勃起功能障碍相关因素；勃起功能障碍；肥胖；初级保健；严重程度；尼日利亚西北部。
{"title":"Prevalence, severity, and correlates of erectile dysfunction among male adult patients of a primary care clinic in North-West Nigeria","authors":"Abdullahi Z Muhammad, Bukar A Grema, A. Shuaibu, Godpower C Michael","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.77","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual problem that profoundly affects intimate relationships. It is poorly studied in North-western Nigeria. Objectives: To assess the prevalence, severity and predictors of ED among adult males attending a primary care clinic in Northwest Nigeria. Methods: A cross-section of 392 males (aged ≥25 years) were randomly selected from attendees of a family medicine clinic in Kano, Nigeria. Information regarding their biodata, lifestyle factors, and clinical characteristics was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire (version 5) and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 assessed ED and depression, respectively. Results: The participants' mean age was 45±14.1 years (range: 26-86 years). Most participants were married (88.8%), had one sexual partner (71.7%), had tertiary education (44.4%) and were traders (49.7%). The prevalence of ED was 52.3% (205/392) [comprising mild (36.0%), mild-to-moderate (14.3%), moderate (1.5%) and severe (0.5%)]. Age, body mass index (BMI), marital status, number of sexual partners, monthly income, type of exercise, hypertension history, blood pressure reading, antihypertensive and peptic ulcer drug use were associated with ED (P<0.05). However, age (≥50years) (OR= 1.91, 95%CI [1.28-2.85], P=0.001) and overweight/obesity (OR =1.81, 95%CI [1.18-2.77], P=0.007) were the predictors of ED in this population. Conclusion: ED prevalence was high, although mainly of the mild form. Age (≥50years) and overweight/obesity predicted ED. Hence, the need for early screening, objective grading of ED, identification of modifiable risk factors (e.g., overweight/obesity) and commencing proper treatment and prevention in this setting. Keywords: Correlates; erectile dysfunction; obesity; primary care; severity; Northwest Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bouchra Dahmani, L. Boublenza, Naffissa Chabni, D. Behar, H. Hassaine, N. Masdoua, A. Nahet, K. Meguenni, Ilyes Zetla
Aims: The objective of this work is to evaluate the epidemiological profile of colorectal cancers, histologically proven over a 5-year period (2012-2016) in the Tlemcen region. Methods: A retrospective study of 581 cases of colorectal cancer collected at the epidemiology department of the UniversityHospital Center (UHC) of Tlemcen between January 2012 and December 2016 was performed. Epidemiological data were processedusing SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The epidemiological profile has shown that colorectal cancer in our region ranks 3rd in both sexes. There were 322 men(55.4%) affected compared to 259 women (44.6%) with a sex ratio of 1.2. A predominance of males is noted in 50-60 age group, while for the female sex, the dominance is between 60-70 years old. The mean age of CRC occurrence was 60±13 years, with an extremity ranging from16 to 90. A significantly higher rate was recorded for rectal cancer (43.7%) followed by sigmoid colon (5.7%). Variable rates were recorded during the 5 years with a peak in 2014 (27.9%). Conclusion: Regular analysis of these data, if supplemented with additional data on diagnostic modalities like circular RNA diagnostic, will contribute to the assessment of the impact over time of public policies on nationally organized CRC screening. Keywords: Colorectal cancer; epidemiology; Algeria; Tlemcen province.
{"title":"Colorectal cancer in a region of western of Algeria: results of 581 cases in 5 years","authors":"Bouchra Dahmani, L. Boublenza, Naffissa Chabni, D. Behar, H. Hassaine, N. Masdoua, A. Nahet, K. Meguenni, Ilyes Zetla","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The objective of this work is to evaluate the epidemiological profile of colorectal cancers, histologically proven over a 5-year period (2012-2016) in the Tlemcen region. Methods: A retrospective study of 581 cases of colorectal cancer collected at the epidemiology department of the UniversityHospital Center (UHC) of Tlemcen between January 2012 and December 2016 was performed. Epidemiological data were processedusing SPSS version 25 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The epidemiological profile has shown that colorectal cancer in our region ranks 3rd in both sexes. There were 322 men(55.4%) affected compared to 259 women (44.6%) with a sex ratio of 1.2. A predominance of males is noted in 50-60 age group, while for the female sex, the dominance is between 60-70 years old. The mean age of CRC occurrence was 60±13 years, with an extremity ranging from16 to 90. A significantly higher rate was recorded for rectal cancer (43.7%) followed by sigmoid colon (5.7%). Variable rates were recorded during the 5 years with a peak in 2014 (27.9%). Conclusion: Regular analysis of these data, if supplemented with additional data on diagnostic modalities like circular RNA diagnostic, will contribute to the assessment of the impact over time of public policies on nationally organized CRC screening. Keywords: Colorectal cancer; epidemiology; Algeria; Tlemcen province.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fransisco Msonge, Lusobya Rebecca Clare, Anne A Musika, I. Atukunda, Caroline Otike, Juma Paul, Elizabeth Nagawa, Eunice Headcraph, Lydia Nakiyingi, Charles M Yancey, Agaba John, Juliet Otiti-Sengeri
Background: Over the past decades there has been a phenomenal increase in the use of Traditional Eye medicines (TEM) worldwide and there are several factors that compel patients to use TEM. Objectives: We conducted a study to determine the types of traditional eye medicine, ocular complications, and associated factors among traditional eye medicine users at the Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) eye clinic. Methods and Materials: A hospital-based cross-sectional study among TEM users at MNRH eye clinic from June to August 2021. Epi Data version 4.2 and STATA version 15 used for analysis. A modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to determine the associated factors. Results: Overall, 182 TEM users (males:53.3%) were enrolled, with a mean age of 36±21SD years. The most frequently used type of TEM were plant products (47.8%). 70% of TEM users had ocular complications, the most frequent manifestation was conjunctivitis (53.9%). Ocular complications were significantly associated with living in the urban areas (p< 0.006) and participants who reported ease and availability of TEM (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Plant-based products were the most frequently used types of TEM, a large proportion of the TEM users were found with sight-threatening ocular complications. Keywords: Traditional eye medicine; Uganda; Complications.
背景：在过去的几十年里，全世界使用传统眼药（TEM）的人数急剧增加，有几个因素迫使患者使用传统眼药。 研究目的我们在穆拉戈国家转诊医院（Mulago National Referral Hospital，MNRH）眼科诊所开展了一项研究，以确定传统眼药的类型、眼部并发症以及传统眼药使用者的相关因素。 方法和材料：2021年6月至8月在MNRH眼科诊所对传统眼药使用者进行的医院横断面研究。使用 Epi Data 4.2 版和 STATA 15 版进行分析。使用带稳健标准误差的修正泊松回归来确定相关因素。 结果：共登记了 182 名 TEM 用户（男性：53.3%），平均年龄（36±21SD）岁。最常使用的 TEM 类型是植物产品（47.8%）。70%的 TEM 使用者有眼部并发症，最常见的表现是结膜炎（53.9%）。眼部并发症与居住在城市地区（p< 0.006）和报告容易获得 TEM 的参与者（p< 0.001）明显相关。 结论植物性产品是最常使用的TEM类型，大部分TEM使用者被发现患有威胁视力的眼部并发症。 关键词：传统眼药；乌干达；并发症传统眼药；乌干达；并发症
{"title":"Ocular complications and associated factors among traditional eye medicines users attending the eye clinic at Mulago national referral hospital, Uganda","authors":"Fransisco Msonge, Lusobya Rebecca Clare, Anne A Musika, I. Atukunda, Caroline Otike, Juma Paul, Elizabeth Nagawa, Eunice Headcraph, Lydia Nakiyingi, Charles M Yancey, Agaba John, Juliet Otiti-Sengeri","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.53","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Over the past decades there has been a phenomenal increase in the use of Traditional Eye medicines (TEM) worldwide and there are several factors that compel patients to use TEM. Objectives: We conducted a study to determine the types of traditional eye medicine, ocular complications, and associated factors among traditional eye medicine users at the Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) eye clinic. Methods and Materials: A hospital-based cross-sectional study among TEM users at MNRH eye clinic from June to August 2021. Epi Data version 4.2 and STATA version 15 used for analysis. A modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to determine the associated factors. Results: Overall, 182 TEM users (males:53.3%) were enrolled, with a mean age of 36±21SD years. The most frequently used type of TEM were plant products (47.8%). 70% of TEM users had ocular complications, the most frequent manifestation was conjunctivitis (53.9%). Ocular complications were significantly associated with living in the urban areas (p< 0.006) and participants who reported ease and availability of TEM (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Plant-based products were the most frequently used types of TEM, a large proportion of the TEM users were found with sight-threatening ocular complications. Keywords: Traditional eye medicine; Uganda; Complications.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xuechan Yu, Meihua Wang, Jie Cen, Mianzhi Ye, Sha Li, Younuo Wang, Qingwen Su, Hui Chen, Ruyi Xu, Shuya Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Yiming Yu, Zaichun Deng, Zhongbo Chen
Background: Tobacco dependence has become a global public health concern. We chose to investigate the modifiable factors and motivations during the period of smoking cessation based on the mechanism of nicotine addiction. Methods: We selected emotion, sleep, alcohol, caffeine beverages, mental activities after dinner, exercise and CYP2A6 genotype as influencing factors, and provided corresponding recommendations for smokers based on these factors. Based on these characteristics, we reviewed literature and summarized the relationship between these factors and nicotine dependence or smoking. Results: Different emotion, sleep deficiency, caffeine intake, alcohol consumption, mental activities after dinner, physical exercises and CYP2A6 genotype have an effect on daily smoking and nicotine dependence. Conclusion: These suggestions related literature-derived factors may increase the success rate of smoking cessation. Keywords: Tobacco dependence; smoking cessation; risk factors; advice; addiction.
{"title":"Advice for smokers in smoking cessation clinic: a review","authors":"Xuechan Yu, Meihua Wang, Jie Cen, Mianzhi Ye, Sha Li, Younuo Wang, Qingwen Su, Hui Chen, Ruyi Xu, Shuya Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Yiming Yu, Zaichun Deng, Zhongbo Chen","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.42","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tobacco dependence has become a global public health concern. We chose to investigate the modifiable factors and motivations during the period of smoking cessation based on the mechanism of nicotine addiction. Methods: We selected emotion, sleep, alcohol, caffeine beverages, mental activities after dinner, exercise and CYP2A6 genotype as influencing factors, and provided corresponding recommendations for smokers based on these factors. Based on these characteristics, we reviewed literature and summarized the relationship between these factors and nicotine dependence or smoking. Results: Different emotion, sleep deficiency, caffeine intake, alcohol consumption, mental activities after dinner, physical exercises and CYP2A6 genotype have an effect on daily smoking and nicotine dependence. Conclusion: These suggestions related literature-derived factors may increase the success rate of smoking cessation. Keywords: Tobacco dependence; smoking cessation; risk factors; advice; addiction.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ijeoma V Ezeome, Simisola O Akintola, Ayodele S Jegede
Background: Though assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been a source of hope for many infertile couples, it is knownto be associated with physical, social, psychological, and ethical challenges in different settings. Objective: The study objective was to explore the experiences of female clients who accessed services in ART clinics in Nigeria. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design, using snowballing technique was employed. It involved in-depth interviews of eightwomen who had gone through the assisted conception process, using an interview guide. Data collection was from November 2019 to January 2020. Results: The age range of the participants was 30 – 52 years with a mean of 41.88 years. Majority of the clients presented at advanced age to their ART providers because of lack of funds and ignorance. Other challenges were suboptimal risk disclosure, high cost of services, feelings of shame and stigmatization during and after the process. Conclusion: Cost of ART remain unaffordable to most Nigerians hence the need for government subsidization and in-corporation of ART services into the National Health Insurance Scheme. Additionally, lack of adequate information disclosure, shared decision-making and gendered suffering are areas of great concern among the study participants. A national regulatory guideline will ensure uniform international standard of care. Keywords: Experience; clients; assisted reproductive technology.
{"title":"Experiences of female clients in the assisted reproductive technology process in Nigeria","authors":"Ijeoma V Ezeome, Simisola O Akintola, Ayodele S Jegede","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.76","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Though assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been a source of hope for many infertile couples, it is knownto be associated with physical, social, psychological, and ethical challenges in different settings. Objective: The study objective was to explore the experiences of female clients who accessed services in ART clinics in Nigeria. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design, using snowballing technique was employed. It involved in-depth interviews of eightwomen who had gone through the assisted conception process, using an interview guide. Data collection was from November 2019 to January 2020. Results: The age range of the participants was 30 – 52 years with a mean of 41.88 years. Majority of the clients presented at advanced age to their ART providers because of lack of funds and ignorance. Other challenges were suboptimal risk disclosure, high cost of services, feelings of shame and stigmatization during and after the process. Conclusion: Cost of ART remain unaffordable to most Nigerians hence the need for government subsidization and in-corporation of ART services into the National Health Insurance Scheme. Additionally, lack of adequate information disclosure, shared decision-making and gendered suffering are areas of great concern among the study participants. A national regulatory guideline will ensure uniform international standard of care. Keywords: Experience; clients; assisted reproductive technology.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Banke-Thomas, Cephas Ke-on Avoka, Olakunmi Ogunyemi
Background: Caesarean section (CS) performed in an emergency can be life-saving for both the pregnant woman and her baby. In Nigeria, CS rates have been estimated to be 2.7% nationally, with the highest regional rate of 7.0% reported in the South-West of the country. Our objective in this facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was to describe patterns and assess factors, obstetric indications, and outcomes of emergency CS in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: Socio-demographic, travel, and obstetric data of pregnant women were extracted from case notes. Travel data was inputted in Google Maps to extract travel time from the pregnant women’ home to the hospital. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: Of the 3,134 included pregnant women, 1,923 (61%) delivered via emergency CS. The odds of an emergency CS were significantly higher among women who were booked (OR=1.97, 95%CI 1.64–2.35), presented with obstructed labour (OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.68–3.99), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.08–2.56), multiple gestations (OR=2.71, 95%CI 1.72–4.28) and travelled from suburban areas (OR=1.43, 95%CI 1.15–1.78). There was an increasing dose-effect response between travel time to the hospital and emergency CS. Conclusion: Optimisation of CS rates requires a multi-pronged approach during pregnancy and childbirth, with particular emphasis on supporting pregnant women living in the suburbs. Keywords: Caesarean section; emergency obstetric care; prevalence; factors; urban; Nigeria.
{"title":"Prevalence, influencing factors, and outcomes of emergency caesarean section in public hospitals situated in the urban state of Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"A. Banke-Thomas, Cephas Ke-on Avoka, Olakunmi Ogunyemi","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.74","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Caesarean section (CS) performed in an emergency can be life-saving for both the pregnant woman and her baby. In Nigeria, CS rates have been estimated to be 2.7% nationally, with the highest regional rate of 7.0% reported in the South-West of the country. Our objective in this facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was to describe patterns and assess factors, obstetric indications, and outcomes of emergency CS in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: Socio-demographic, travel, and obstetric data of pregnant women were extracted from case notes. Travel data was inputted in Google Maps to extract travel time from the pregnant women’ home to the hospital. Univariate, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: Of the 3,134 included pregnant women, 1,923 (61%) delivered via emergency CS. The odds of an emergency CS were significantly higher among women who were booked (OR=1.97, 95%CI 1.64–2.35), presented with obstructed labour (OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.68–3.99), pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.08–2.56), multiple gestations (OR=2.71, 95%CI 1.72–4.28) and travelled from suburban areas (OR=1.43, 95%CI 1.15–1.78). There was an increasing dose-effect response between travel time to the hospital and emergency CS. Conclusion: Optimisation of CS rates requires a multi-pronged approach during pregnancy and childbirth, with particular emphasis on supporting pregnant women living in the suburbs. Keywords: Caesarean section; emergency obstetric care; prevalence; factors; urban; Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Effective and safe antiviral treatments are required to refrain the COVID-19. Objectives: Investigate the efficacy and safety of interferon in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who gave their signed consent, with detection confirmed by RT-PCR of SARSCoV- 2, 18 years and older. Patients received therapy as per the Guinea COVID-19 protocol in the group B; the group A received the same treatment including administration of interferon. The outcome measures the time to negative conversion of SARSCoV- 2, mortality, patients transferred to ICU and safety, according to the reports of adverse events. Results: 345 patients were included, 171 in the group A and 174 in the group B. After the treatments, the RT-PCR negative results were attained in the patients in the group A in 9.15±4.79 days and in those in the group B in 14.83±6.67 days. No patient in the group A had to be transferred to ICU, and they all survived; in the group B, 26 patients were transferred to ICU and six of them died. There were eight adverse events with causality relation with interferon administration. Conclusions: The interferon resulted effective and safe in contributing to the viral replication conversion to negative results in shorter time and to survival. Keywords: SARS-Cov-2; COVID 19; zoonosis; human recombinant interferon.
{"title":"Interferon in the treatment of ill adults with Covid-19 in the Republic of Guinea","authors":"Valentín Santiago Rodríguez Moya, Ladys Alfonso Águila, Nohuou Mangué Camara, Sékuo Ditinn Cisse, Doukure Mamady, Sakoba Keïta, Kava Mamady Bakary, Lianet Díaz Pérez, Elaine Díaz Casañas","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Effective and safe antiviral treatments are required to refrain the COVID-19. Objectives: Investigate the efficacy and safety of interferon in the treatment of COVID-19. Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who gave their signed consent, with detection confirmed by RT-PCR of SARSCoV- 2, 18 years and older. Patients received therapy as per the Guinea COVID-19 protocol in the group B; the group A received the same treatment including administration of interferon. The outcome measures the time to negative conversion of SARSCoV- 2, mortality, patients transferred to ICU and safety, according to the reports of adverse events. Results: 345 patients were included, 171 in the group A and 174 in the group B. After the treatments, the RT-PCR negative results were attained in the patients in the group A in 9.15±4.79 days and in those in the group B in 14.83±6.67 days. No patient in the group A had to be transferred to ICU, and they all survived; in the group B, 26 patients were transferred to ICU and six of them died. There were eight adverse events with causality relation with interferon administration. Conclusions: The interferon resulted effective and safe in contributing to the viral replication conversion to negative results in shorter time and to survival. Keywords: SARS-Cov-2; COVID 19; zoonosis; human recombinant interferon.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To study the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in combination with mammography for screening early-stage breast cancer. Methods: Ninety-three female patients visiting Zhejiang Zhuji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to March 2022 were enrolled to receive DCE-MRI and mammography. The diagnostic efficiencies of different methods were assessed with pathological diagnosis as the golden standard. The factors affecting diagnostic sensitivity were investigated based on clinicopathological characteristics. Results: Forty-one patients were diagnosed as malignant pathological changes by DCE-MRI, and the signs were unclear boundary with surrounding tissues and irregular or unsmooth edges. The maximum linear slope and ratio of the maximum linear SlopeR of malignant pathological changes were significantly larger than those of benign pathological changes (P<0.05). Forty-five patients were diagnosed as malignant pathological changes by mammography combined with DCE-MRI. Compared to single diagnosis method, the combined diagnosis had significantly increased sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, and decreased rates of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis (P<0.05). Lesion diameter was an independent risk factor affecting the diagnostic sensitivity (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mammography and DCE-MRI play key roles in the early diagnosis of breast cancer, and their combination can increase the diagnostic efficiency. Keywords: Breast cancer; diagnosis; magnetic resonance imaging; mammography.
{"title":"Value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in combination with mammography for screening early-stage breast cancer","authors":"Weiwei Su, Xiaoming Hou, Bo Yu","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i2.33","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in combination with mammography for screening early-stage breast cancer. Methods: Ninety-three female patients visiting Zhejiang Zhuji Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to March 2022 were enrolled to receive DCE-MRI and mammography. The diagnostic efficiencies of different methods were assessed with pathological diagnosis as the golden standard. The factors affecting diagnostic sensitivity were investigated based on clinicopathological characteristics. Results: Forty-one patients were diagnosed as malignant pathological changes by DCE-MRI, and the signs were unclear boundary with surrounding tissues and irregular or unsmooth edges. The maximum linear slope and ratio of the maximum linear SlopeR of malignant pathological changes were significantly larger than those of benign pathological changes (P<0.05). Forty-five patients were diagnosed as malignant pathological changes by mammography combined with DCE-MRI. Compared to single diagnosis method, the combined diagnosis had significantly increased sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, and decreased rates of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis (P<0.05). Lesion diameter was an independent risk factor affecting the diagnostic sensitivity (P<0.05). Conclusion: Mammography and DCE-MRI play key roles in the early diagnosis of breast cancer, and their combination can increase the diagnostic efficiency. Keywords: Breast cancer; diagnosis; magnetic resonance imaging; mammography.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":"190 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139359860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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