Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20241202.11
Sana Inayat, Asad Ullah, Adeeba Anwar, Aneesa Kaleem
Mango is a significant fruit crop in our country, but it is often attacked by anthracnose, a disease that causes considerable pre and post-harvest losses. There are different methods to control this disease but management through the use of various fungicides, often in combination is more suitablef, under field conditions. This study was conducted in vitro experiments using the poison food technique to induce anthracnose disease in mangoes. Efficacy of 10 different fungicides was investigated, including contact fungicides like Blitox (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) and Indofil M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP), as well as systemic fungicides like Topsin-M 70 WP (Thiophanate-M methyl 70% WP), Amistar Top (Difenconazole @ 12.5%), Aliette (Fosetyl Aluminium 80%), Score (Difenconazole @ 25% EC), Meriman (Captan WP 50%), Tilt (Propiconazole 25% EC), mirador (Azoxystrobin @ 20%), and Native (Tebuconazole+ Trifloxystrobin 75% WG). These fungicides were tested at three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15) to evaluate their effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the causal agent of anthracnose in mangoes. The results of this study showed that among the fungicides tested, Tilt (Propiconazole 25% WP), a systemic fungicide, exhibited superior inhibition, achieving complete 50 percent mycelial inhibition and preventing sporulation across all three concentrations. In contrast, Meriman (Captan WP 50%) showed the lowest inhibition, at 31.57 percent, compared to the other fungicides tested. These findings underscore the importance of selecting the appropriate fungicide for effective management of anthracnose in mango crops.
{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Fungicides Against Mango Anthracnose Caused by <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>","authors":"Sana Inayat, Asad Ullah, Adeeba Anwar, Aneesa Kaleem","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20241202.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20241202.11","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is a significant fruit crop in our country, but it is often attacked by anthracnose, a disease that causes considerable pre and post-harvest losses. There are different methods to control this disease but management through the use of various fungicides, often in combination is more suitablef, under field conditions. This study was conducted in vitro experiments using the poison food technique to induce anthracnose disease in mangoes. Efficacy of 10 different fungicides was investigated, including contact fungicides like Blitox (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) and Indofil M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP), as well as systemic fungicides like Topsin-M 70 WP (Thiophanate-M methyl 70% WP), Amistar Top (Difenconazole @ 12.5%), Aliette (Fosetyl Aluminium 80%), Score (Difenconazole @ 25% EC), Meriman (Captan WP 50%), Tilt (Propiconazole 25% EC), mirador (Azoxystrobin @ 20%), and Native (Tebuconazole+ Trifloxystrobin 75% WG). These fungicides were tested at three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15) to evaluate their effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i>, the causal agent of anthracnose in mangoes. The results of this study showed that among the fungicides tested, Tilt (Propiconazole 25% WP), a systemic fungicide, exhibited superior inhibition, achieving complete 50 percent mycelial inhibition and preventing sporulation across all three concentrations. In contrast, Meriman (Captan WP 50%) showed the lowest inhibition, at 31.57 percent, compared to the other fungicides tested. These findings underscore the importance of selecting the appropriate fungicide for effective management of anthracnose in mango crops.\u0000","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-29DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20241201.13
Shen Chao, Liu Na, Ji Libin, Guiran Yang
Objective: To analyze the differences in the expression of thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid-stimulating hormone in people with thyroid disease in the high iodine area of Cangzhou City. Methods A total of 90 patients with thyroid disease from high iodine area of Cangzhou City were enrolled, including 30 patients with hypothyroidism, 30 patients with goiter and 30 patients with thyroid cancer. A total of 30 healthy patients at the same time and in the same region were selected as the control. The subjects were divided into four groups: hypothyroidism group, Goiter group, Thyroid cancer group, and control group. The TSH levels and thyroid autoantibody levels of the four groups were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the hypothyroidism, Goiter group and thyroid cancer group were significantly higher (P<0.05), and compared with the control group, the TSH levels in the hypothyroidism group and the thyroid cancer group were higher, and the TSH levels in the Goiter group were lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: Thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid-stimulating hormone are differentially expressed in different types of thyroid diseases in the high iodine area of Cangzhou City, which can be used as reference indicators for the identification and diagnosis of different types of thyroid diseases.
{"title":"Analysis of Thyroid Autoantibodies and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Expression in Patients with Thyroid Diseases in High Iodine Areas of Cangzhou","authors":"Shen Chao, Liu Na, Ji Libin, Guiran Yang","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20241201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20241201.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the differences in the expression of thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid-stimulating hormone in people with thyroid disease in the high iodine area of Cangzhou City. Methods A total of 90 patients with thyroid disease from high iodine area of Cangzhou City were enrolled, including 30 patients with hypothyroidism, 30 patients with goiter and 30 patients with thyroid cancer. A total of 30 healthy patients at the same time and in the same region were selected as the control. The subjects were divided into four groups: hypothyroidism group, Goiter group, Thyroid cancer group, and control group. The TSH levels and thyroid autoantibody levels of the four groups were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the hypothyroidism, Goiter group and thyroid cancer group were significantly higher (P<0.05), and compared with the control group, the TSH levels in the hypothyroidism group and the thyroid cancer group were higher, and the TSH levels in the Goiter group were lower (P<0.05). Conclusion: Thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid-stimulating hormone are differentially expressed in different types of thyroid diseases in the high iodine area of Cangzhou City, which can be used as reference indicators for the identification and diagnosis of different types of thyroid diseases.","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"19 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140409423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20241201.12
Younes Dehneh, Mohammed Lhamlili, Mohammed Khoulali, N. Oulali, Faycel Moufid
{"title":"Surgical Resection of Rare Giant Cervical Lipoma","authors":"Younes Dehneh, Mohammed Lhamlili, Mohammed Khoulali, N. Oulali, Faycel Moufid","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20241201.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20241201.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139625315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of Low Birth Weight Among Newborns Delivered at Public Hospitals in Bale Zone, Southeastern Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control","authors":"Tolosa Desisa Wayesa, Katama Gashaw, Amhare Lisanu, Alemshet Solomon, Meseret Moroda, Ararso Hordofa Guye","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20231106.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20231106.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plants represent an immense storehouse of biomolecules endowed with diverse biological properties. This study was carried out to analyze the phytochemical composition and evaluate the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of Persea americana seed. The dried avocado pit powder was first delipidated with hexane and the residue was successively extracted by maceration with ethanol-water mixture (50% -50%: v/v), and ethanol. Qualitative phytochemical analyses were carried out on the two extracts; and quantitative assays, to assess total polyphenol, flavonoid and condensed tannin contents. The free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of the extracts were assessed. The results had revealed the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponosides, anthocyanins, anthraquinones, steroids, cardiac glycosides, and condensed tannins in both extracts. In addition, total polyphenol, flavonoid and condensed tannin contents were: 70.427±0.113 mg GAEq/g DE and 194.986±2 mg GAEq/g DE; 19.667±1.732 mg QtEq/g DE and 23.111±0.509 mg QtEq/g DE; then 65.134±1.672 mg CEq/g DE and 203.616±4.931 mg CEq/g DE, respectively in the hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts. The hydroethanolic extract showed a free radical scavenging activity evaluated as 13.84 ± 0.01%, whereas that of the ethanolic extract was 34.41 ± 4.70%; while measurement of antioxidant activity provided values of 24.30 ± 0.63 mg AAEq/g DE and 42.35 ± 1.20 mg AAEq /g DE, respectively. In conclusion, ethanolic extract showed better free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, with higher contents of bioactive compounds. These results justified the common use of avocado seeds in phytotherapy in Togo for treatment of various pathologies.
{"title":"Contribution to Phytotherapy Valorization of the Seed of Avocado, &lt;i&gt;Persea Americana&lt;/i&gt;","authors":"Kwami Lumo Awaga, Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro, Bognam Kpensaga, Koffi Apeti Gbogbo, Et Kossi Honoré Koumaglo","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20231105.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20231105.12","url":null,"abstract":"Plants represent an immense storehouse of biomolecules endowed with diverse biological properties. This study was carried out to analyze the phytochemical composition and evaluate the free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of <i>Persea americana</i> seed. The dried avocado pit powder was first delipidated with hexane and the residue was successively extracted by maceration with ethanol-water mixture (50% -50%: v/v), and ethanol. Qualitative phytochemical analyses were carried out on the two extracts; and quantitative assays, to assess total polyphenol, flavonoid and condensed tannin contents. The free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of the extracts were assessed. The results had revealed the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponosides, anthocyanins, anthraquinones, steroids, cardiac glycosides, and condensed tannins in both extracts. In addition, total polyphenol, flavonoid and condensed tannin contents were: 70.427±0.113 mg GAEq/g DE and 194.986±2 mg GAEq/g DE; 19.667±1.732 mg QtEq/g DE and 23.111±0.509 mg QtEq/g DE; then 65.134±1.672 mg CEq/g DE and 203.616±4.931 mg CEq/g DE, respectively in the hydroethanolic and ethanolic extracts. The hydroethanolic extract showed a free radical scavenging activity evaluated as 13.84 ± 0.01%, whereas that of the ethanolic extract was 34.41 ± 4.70%; while measurement of antioxidant activity provided values of 24.30 ± 0.63 mg AAEq/g DE and 42.35 ± 1.20 mg AAEq /g DE, respectively. In conclusion, ethanolic extract showed better free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, with higher contents of bioactive compounds. These results justified the common use of avocado seeds in phytotherapy in Togo for treatment of various pathologies.","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chronic renal failure (CKD) is kidney damage defined by a permanent decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) characterized by biological signs present for more than three months. Protein-energy malnutrition (PED) in hemodialysis is also a factor of morbidity and mortality in patients with a prevalence ranging from 15 to 75% worldwide. However, the care of hemodialysis patients often does not include nutritional care. This study aims to contribute to the promotion of the health of patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis, by evaluating their nutritional status and identifying the incriminating diets in the deterioration of their health. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, prospective and multicenter study, both descriptive and analytical over a period from May 05 to August 05, 2023. It focused on patients with chronic renal failure (CKD) treated with hemodialysis in the clinics “Unidial”, “Martin Luther King” and the CMS “Maison du Hadj”. Nutritional status was assessed using ISRNM 2008 criteria. Mantel Haenszel's Chi-square (χ2) test was used to compare proportions, relative risk (RR) to look for associations between variables, and Pearson's coefficient for correlations. It was included 32 patients whose average age was 53.13 ± 14.37 years. Results: The prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition varied from 53.13 to 65.63% depending on the indicator used. A correlation between various malnutrition indicators was found with two risk factors. First, insufficient protein intake: serum albumin was correlated with arm circumference (r = 0.93; p = 0.0001). Second, insufficient energy intake with a BMI strongly correlated with arm circumference (r = 0.96; p = 0.0000). Obesity was present in 6.25% of cases. Abdominal obesity was 43.75% in women and 25% in men. Conclusion: Protein-energy malnutrition is therefore a frequent problem in hemodialysis. It is therefore necessary to improve the hemodialysis program with the integration of adequate and effective nutritional support through lifestyle and dietary interventions in chronic hemodialysis patients.
{"title":"Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of Hemodialysis Patients Seen in Some Hemodialysis Centers in Lomé (Togo)","authors":"Essognim Bitori, Mamatchi Melila, Kouévi Satchi, Akomola Kossi Sabi, Labité Komlan Mensah, Kou’santa Amouzou","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20231105.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20231105.11","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Background</i>: Chronic renal failure (CKD) is kidney damage defined by a permanent decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) characterized by biological signs present for more than three months. Protein-energy malnutrition (PED) in hemodialysis is also a factor of morbidity and mortality in patients with a prevalence ranging from 15 to 75% worldwide. However, the care of hemodialysis patients often does not include nutritional care. This study aims to contribute to the promotion of the health of patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis, by evaluating their nutritional status and identifying the incriminating diets in the deterioration of their health. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: This is a cross-sectional, prospective and multicenter study, both descriptive and analytical over a period from May 05 to August 05, 2023. It focused on patients with chronic renal failure (CKD) treated with hemodialysis in the clinics “Unidial”, “Martin Luther King” and the CMS “Maison du Hadj”. Nutritional status was assessed using ISRNM 2008 criteria. Mantel Haenszel's Chi-square (χ<sup>2</sup>) test was used to compare proportions, relative risk (RR) to look for associations between variables, and Pearson's coefficient for correlations. It was included 32 patients whose average age was 53.13 ± 14.37 years. <i>Results</i>: The prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition varied from 53.13 to 65.63% depending on the indicator used. A correlation between various malnutrition indicators was found with two risk factors. First, insufficient protein intake: serum albumin was correlated with arm circumference (r = 0.93; p = 0.0001). Second, insufficient energy intake with a BMI strongly correlated with arm circumference (r = 0.96; p = 0.0000). Obesity was present in 6.25% of cases. Abdominal obesity was 43.75% in women and 25% in men. <i>Conclusion</i>: Protein-energy malnutrition is therefore a frequent problem in hemodialysis. It is therefore necessary to improve the hemodialysis program with the integration of adequate and effective nutritional support through lifestyle and dietary interventions in chronic hemodialysis patients.","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-05DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.13
Philip Vatcanarat Baysah, Aloysius Obinna Ikwuka, Francis Chigozie Udeh, Darius Popo Bleh, T. Viloria
: Background: Alcohol and tobacco consumption are prevalent global habits. There is existing evidence linking these habits to male infertility, although the impact they have on male fertility and reproductive outcomes are yet to be exhaustively investigated. Aim: This study aimed to study the pathophysiological effects of alcohol and tobacco consumption on semen parameters of men attending a fertility clinic in West Africa. Materials and Methods: Semen samples were collected from 196 men who attend Medlink Clinic, Monrovia, Liberia and parameters including sperm volume, count, motility
{"title":"Pathophysiological Effects of Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption on Semen Parameters of Men Attending a Fertility Clinic in West Africa","authors":"Philip Vatcanarat Baysah, Aloysius Obinna Ikwuka, Francis Chigozie Udeh, Darius Popo Bleh, T. Viloria","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.13","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Alcohol and tobacco consumption are prevalent global habits. There is existing evidence linking these habits to male infertility, although the impact they have on male fertility and reproductive outcomes are yet to be exhaustively investigated. Aim: This study aimed to study the pathophysiological effects of alcohol and tobacco consumption on semen parameters of men attending a fertility clinic in West Africa. Materials and Methods: Semen samples were collected from 196 men who attend Medlink Clinic, Monrovia, Liberia and parameters including sperm volume, count, motility","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73006438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.12
Olufunmilayo Victoria Bolarinwa, Zelinjo Nkeiruka Igweze, Henry Chidubem Okoye
{"title":"Kinetics of Adsorption of Lead, Arsenic, and Cadmium from Solution by Jackfruit Seed (<i>Artocarpus heterophyllus</i>): A Batch Adsorption Study","authors":"Olufunmilayo Victoria Bolarinwa, Zelinjo Nkeiruka Igweze, Henry Chidubem Okoye","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90468736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.11
Xiongxing Li
{"title":"Measurement and Testing and Quality Control of Medical Equipment in Medical Institutions","authors":"Xiongxing Li","doi":"10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20231104.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7857,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75648619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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