Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis最新文献

Purpose: The increasing number of elderly people living in society draws attention to the problem of health promotion and health education. The present-day problem is prevention in late adulthood and - as a consequence - keeping healthy. In this study the relationships between the individual categories of the health behaviour of the aged and those social-demographic variables which characterize this research group were analysed. The following were taken into consideration: age, sex, education of the test subjects, and whether or not the test subjects belong to a University of the Third Age (UTW) circle, or whether or not the test subjects belong to a social welfare centre circle (DPS).

Material and methods: A total of 199 persons, over 60 years old, living in Bydgoszcz and Torun were tested. The questionnaire method was used in the study. The questionnaire used was the Health Behaviour Inventory by Z. Juczyński. Spearman's non-parametric test and the Mann-Whitney U Test were used for statistical analysis.

Results: Among the four categories of health behaviour and its general intensity only the positive psychological attitude score has a relationship that is of statistical significance to belonging to a DPS or UTW group. Education was seen to be the variable that most often correlates with health behaviour (the behaviour's general indicator and positive psychological attitude). The higher the level of education, the greater the intensity of this behaviour. The sex variable is of marginal significance. The p-value is less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) only for eating habits. Age differentiates the scores pertaining to sleeping and recreational habits, along with physical activity. The younger group scored lower, on average.

Conclusions: Health behaviour during the period of late adulthood is influenced by both belonging to DPS or UTW groups and sociodemographic characteristics. There was no evidence of a dominating variable which significantly differentiates the individual health behaviour categories. Programmes promoting healthy lifestyle should be addressed to a wide group of recipients. Variables such as age, sex and level of education are not as significant for health behaviours as predicted. That is the reason to refer to other sociodemographic parameters.

Early onset depression, regarding its high prevalence and debilitating effects on development, is considered to be one of the major mental illness in children and adolescents. Most commonly is recurrent and continues in adulthood. Factors determining vulnerability to depression can be grouped into following categories: genetics, familial environment, personal characteristics and severe stress. Main risk factors include: being a female, family history of depression, subclinical symptoms, negative cognitive style, negative life events. Common symptoms of depression can be different in children and teens than they are in adults. Often occur with atypical features. The diagnosis might be problematic as it often relays on the observation of children's dysfunctions. Therefore treatment of major depression in children and adolescents is considered difficult. It is important to estimate all the features that underlie the symptoms, their persistence, and then implement proper therapy.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the methods and results of the treatment of patients with a small closed pneumothorax.

Material and methods: The results of the treatment of 34 patients hospitalized for trauma in 2000-2010 due to a small closed pneumothorax were assessed. There were 23 men and 11 women. The age of the patients ranged from 20-84 years (av. 48.5). 15 patients had trauma affecting the right side, and 19 had left side trauma. In 10 cases the pneumothorax was associated with multiple trauma. In 24 cases fracture of the ribs (av. 3.4) was revealed in radiological examination. In 10 patients radiographs did not show fracture of the ribs (in 5 of these patients, a clinical trial indicated a fracture of one rib, not visible on x-ray). The size of the pneumothorax in chest radiographic anterior-posterior projection ranged from 0.5-2 cm (av. 1.2). Conservative treatment was monitored through radiological examination.

Results: In 33 patients spontaneous pneumothorax resorption was observed. In one patient it was necessary to apply pleural drainage due to the enlargement of the pneumothorax and the appearance of symptoms of respiratory failure. In one case it was necessary to puncture the pleural cavity to remove a hematoma occurring along with the pneumothorax. Good results of treatment were achieved in all cases.

Conclusions: In conclusion, the conservative treatment of a small closed pneumothorax is effective in most cases.

The motor system of the masticatory organ is a complex morphological and functional structure. Its dysfunctions are manifested by various symptoms within the masticatory apparatus and in distant organs. The paper presents a discussion on the physiotherapeutic procedure for the treatment of disorders in the motor system of the masticatory organ. Therapeutic methods are presented, including: massage, trigger point therapy, kinesitherapy, biofeedback, manual therapy, postural re-education, kinesiotaping, physical interventions (TENS, hyaluronidase iontophoresis, ultrasound, laser therapy, and magnetoledotherapy). The paper points out the role of a comprehensive approach to the patient in order to eliminate the cause of disorders, going beyond symptomatic treatment.

The term "miscarriage" refers to the end of pregnancy before the 22nd week of gestation, or taking into account the criterion of foetal weight (less than 500 g). Approximately 15-20% of recognized pregnancies and miscarriage involve spontaneous expulsion of the blastocyst from the uterine cavity. This constitutes about 80% of miscarriages in the first 12 weeks of gestation. The literature lists a number of factors which cause the loss of pregnancies. The most frequently cited causes of abortion are: genetic, anatomical, immunological and hormonal factors, and infections. A large number of miscarriages remain unexplained (idiopathic miscarriages). Clinical signs of miscarriage include bleeding and pain. Bleeding or spotting is the earliest sign of miscarriage. Data from the patient's history, physical examination, ultrasound examination and tests for hCG level can enable diagnosis of bleeding in early pregnancy, help to assess the degree of risk, and implement an appropriate treatment regimen and care for pregnant women adapted to their needs. Loss of pregnancy is an interdisciplinary problem involving obstetrics, epidemiology, public health, psychology, and other specialities. The role of medical personnel in the care of women after the loss of a child, regardless of the week and therapeutic procedures, as well as for giving adequate information regarding the rights of women after pregnancy loss. The obligation to inform women of their rights concerns medical staff, and it is important to promote knowledge in this field among doctors, nurses and midwives who care for women after miscarriage.

Progress in existing methods of physiotherapy and body regeneration and introduction of new methods has made it possible to precisely select the techniques according to patient needs. The modern therapist is capable of improving the physical and mental condition of the patient. Watsu helps the therapist eliminate symptoms from the locomotor system and reach the psychic sphere at the same time.