Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis最新文献

The problem of finding the biochemical markers for determining cardiovascular risk is complex, difficult and multidisciplinary. Even in a simple biochemical blood test the number of possible variables significant for indicating the negative changes in the cardiovascular system is high. The image created from a variety of factors is fuzzy, inconclusive and sometimes difficult to define and explain. Contemporary cardiology uses fixed operative levels and the presence of biochemical factors as the basis for patient diagnosis. Even a thorough and multi-biochemical analysis can not give conclusive results. Many precautions are needed in using the results of biochemical analysis. Ambiguous results may be misleading, disrupt the analytical process, or suggest probable, but not necessarily the correct, solutions. This biochemical analysis presented points to the most important prognostic factors and biochemical information used in the cardiological treatment of children and adolescents.

Portal vein thrombosis is a rare entity, usually concomitant with hepatic cirrhosis and malignancies. Spontaneous disease occurs very rarely, and it presents with venous small bowel mesenteric infarction, causing intestinal ischaemia extremely rarely. We present a patient who was operated on because of symptoms and signs of "acute abdomen" and in whom segmental ischaemia of the small bowel and mesenteric thrombosis were found intraoperatively. The correct diagnosis, mesenteric infarction of the small bowel in the course of portal vein thrombosis, was made after performing an abdominal computer tomography scan a week after surgery. The course of the treatment, complications, and data from the literature are presented about this very rare condition, which may constitute a difficult diagnostic problem for a surgeon.

Introduction: The cardiac veins have inspired numerous generations of researchers. From anatomists and pathologists to cardiologists and cardiac surgeons, the issue of the structure of heart and cardiovascular disorders- in spite of enormous progress of medicine - have not been completely discovered so far.

Material and methods: The material of the research comes from the collection of the Chair and Department of Normal and Clinical Anatomy of the Pomeranian Medical University and it includes 102 human hearts, of which 59 male and 43 female ones, aged from 12 and 70. Both coronary veins and arteries of the tested hearts were filled with the epoxy resin, which allowed for thorough exposing and differentiating between the venous vessels and the arterial vessels. The aim of this study was to assessing the interrelationships between the dimensions of the heart, the size of the coronary sinus, the length of the cardiac veins and a sex. Also determined the frequency and variability of cardiac veins run in the material, as well as the correlation between the topography of the course of the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the branches of the left and right coronary arteries and the cardiac size and a gender. The measurements of the heart and the veins were made with the use of a pair of spherical compasses, an electronic caliper, a goniometer and a planimeter.

Results: It was found that the size of the male heart is statistically significantly greater than the female one. The dimensions of the heart correlated positively with the diameter and the length of the coronary sinus (CS) and the length of the great cardiac vein (GCV), the middle cardiac vein (MCV) and the small cardiac vein (SCV). The length of the CS positively correlated with its diameter and the length of the veins draining into it. The veins which were not always present in the tested material included: the SCV, the right marginal vein (RMV), the oblique vein of the left atrium (OVLA), the left marginal vein (LMV). It was found that the length of the GCV and the MCV in males were statistically significantly greater. The length of the MCV positively correlated with the length of the GCV, the SCV, the OVLA, the posterior vein of the left ventricle (PVLV), the LMV. The anastomoses between the GCV and the MCV were more often found in males and it was a statistically significant difference. It was found that there is a positive correlation between the venous arch connecting the GCV and the MCV and the length of the GCV. The anastomoses between the PVLV and the MCV and the LMV did not correlated with a sex, but it statistically significantly correlated with the length of the right and left PVLV and with the length of the MCV.

Introduction: Cancer now represents the basic problem that modern medicine has difficulties dealing with both in Poland and around the world. In spite of the continuous development of science, more and better diagnostic techniques and new therapies based on the drugs acting selectively on cancer cells, the malignant cancer continues to be the first in women and the second in men, after heart disease, most common cause of death. According to data from the International Agency for Reserch of Cancer about 10 million people suffers from malignant cancer and the number of deaths due to this type of cancer has exceeded 6 million. If current trends do not change, until 2020 these figures can double. In a properly functioning organism the balance is maintained between the formation of new cells and tissues and apoptosis, a genetically programmed atrophy of cells. The formation of cancerous changes is the uncontrolled formation of new cells which anatomically should not occur in a particular location. These cells form tumours which can be divided into benign and malignant. Within the group of benign tumours, characteristic is that their cells are similar to the cells of a certain organ which has been affected by them. Organs are surrounded by connective tissue sac, and the cancers resulting from them mostly do not spread and their growth is slow. What is important for the patient is that they rarely are an imminent danger to life and they can be removed. Some types of benign tumours can become malignant.

Results and conclusions: Scientific studies have shown that colon cancer often derives from benign polyps and an early diagnosis and removal of pathological changes may prevent further mutations and the onset of cancer. Other studies have found a link between the incidence of cancer and smoking, physical activity, limiting alcohol consumption, or the use of certain drugs. Currently, it is believed that a high-fibre diet reduces the risk of developing cancer. The development of modern oncology, introduction and development of modern methods of genetic and imaging diagnosis as well as treatment (chemotherapy), have resulted in the need for an accurate determination of the biological structure of colon cancer. The introduction of modern diagnostic techniques in pathological anatomy, and, in particular, immunohistochemistry, has a significant impact on the understanding of new factors specific to cancer, considered as prognostic or predictive factors. Further development of medical science, including genetics and molecular biology, leads to a better understanding of the epidemiology of the colon cancer. The introduction of genetic DNA Microarray screening significantly affects the determination of the genetic profile of the specific population, which can cause the increased susceptibility to colon cancer. In the future this should allow the use of significantly more sensitive screening methods to separate the persons

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of the inhabitants of the West Pomeranian region in terms of physiotherapy, and to highlight the need for action to expand public awareness of this topic.

Material and methods: A questionnaire survey involved a group of 267 adult men and women aged 18 to 78 years. All subjects were residents of West Pomerania. The questionnaire consists of 15 open and closed questions. Respondents provided answers to questions about physiotherapist competence, learning opportunities, and the availability of physiotherapy services.

Conclusions: Knowledge about physiotherapy is insufficient. There is a great need to disseminate information about the profession of the physiotherapist. It is necessary to undertake further studies on a larger group of participants.