We have reviewed the literature describing the chromatography of various mold metabolites of major importance as potential health hazard for man (e.g., aflatoxins, ochratoxins) and have stressed procedures for their isolation, identification and study of their metabolic pathways.
We have focused on the major areas of varied chromatographic procedures for the analyses primarily of a broad spectrum of alkylating agents (e.g., nitrosamines, epoxides, lactones, methanesulfonates, and miscellaneous agents such as nitrosoureas, urethanes and guanidines, as well as pyrrolizidine alkaloids). A similar treatment was extended to related but non-alkylating agents such as long-chain lactones and pesticidal epoxides. Particular stress was placed on the salient role of chromatographic procedures in the elaboration of compound homogeneity, metabolism, degradation and mode of action of these agents, with particular relevance to the environmental aspects.
We have attempted to stress the major areas of diverse chromatographic procedures for the analyses of a broad spectrum of alkylating agents and related derivatives. Chromatographic analyses have played a singularly important role in the elaboration of compound homogeneity, metabolism, degradation and mode of action of these agents. This aspect is to importance in the light of the anticipated increase in the utility of a variety of alkylating agents, e.g., chemosterilant aziridines.
There is no apparent paucity of paper and thin-layer chromatographic techniques that have been used both for isolation, proof of homogeneity and as analytical adjuncts to spectrometry (N.M.R., mass, I.R. and U.V.) for the identification of a broad spectrum of alkaloidal methylenedioxyphenyl alkaloids.
Gas chromatography, however, has not been as extensively employed either for structural elaboration studies or for routine forensic and toxicological analysis. In many cases dealing with gas-liquid chromatography of alkaloids, it has been found necessary to form a derivative and/or a treated support to obtain a satisfactory elution106,116,117. The recent work of Street244,245 in which it was found that the surface properties of diatomaceous earth and of oxidized stainless steel can be modified to produce GLC columns which show very little absorption and which can be used for analysis of submicrogram amounts of alkaloids holds great promise, particularly for the analysis of alkaloids in biological media.
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