Green Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Direct dissolution of lignocellulosic biomass by malonic acid-DBU protonic ionic liquid and preparation of high-performance all-biomass films†","authors":"Long Zhang ,&nbsp;Boxiang Zhan ,&nbsp;Shangzhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Haiyuan Ji ,&nbsp;Shen Peng ,&nbsp;Minghui Fan ,&nbsp;Lifeng Yan","doi":"10.1039/d4gc05552g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc05552g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Renewable biomass resources have attracted a lot of attention from researchers due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution. The dissolution of biomass is an important topic of biomass refining, so it is crucial to design and develop green solvents. Among them, protonic ionic liquids (PILs) are potential solvents due to the advantages of variety, simple preparation, and low cost. In this work, the direct dissolution of a wide range of biomasses was achieved by using novel malonic acid-DBU PIL. Unlike previous dissolution solvents, this work not only obtained excellent dissolution results (10.2 wt%) but also analyzed in detail the effect of components in the biomass on the dissolution result. The comparative analysis of twelve biomasses summarised the regularity of the components in biomass affecting solubility, which provided instructive information for the field of dissolving biomass by ionic liquids. At the same time, the different types of biomass solutions were practically applied to achieve efficient utilization of resources. The high-performance biomass films with structural integrity, sufficient thermal stability, high tensile strength (107 MPa), excellent UV-blocking (99%), strong water stability, and biodegradability can be prepared by a simple process of coagulation bath regeneration and hot pressing. Moreover, the biomass films retained most of the valuable lignocellulosic fraction, effectively avoiding the waste of biomass resources. In summary, this work achieves the dissolution of biomass by using novel malonic acid-DBU PIL and simultaneously prepares high-performance biomass films, which provide a simple and easy pathway for the conversion and application of biomass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1789-1805"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reductive amidation of polylactic acid with nitro compounds using nickel based nanocatalysts†","authors":"Jie Gao ,&nbsp;Lan Zhang ,&nbsp;Long Luo ,&nbsp;Ning Wang","doi":"10.1039/d4gc05635c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc05635c","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, we report carbon-supported Ni-nanoparticles as reusable catalysts for reductive amidation of nitro compounds with polylactic acid (PLA). These Ni-nanoparticle-based catalysts are prepared by synthesizing nickel-diamine ligands on a carbon support and subsequent pyrolysis under argon. Applying an optimal Ni-nanostructured catalyst, amidation of PLA with different nitro compounds in the presence of molecular hydrogen was performed to access amide products. Regarding improving the reaction efficiency, H₂O plays a positive role in the PLA hydrolysis process for lactic acid monomer production. Meanwhile, D₂O cannot promote PLA hydrolysis due to the lack of H atoms, which is vital for forming lactic acid monomers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1723-1728"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc05635c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turning sewage sludge and medical waste into energy: sustainable process synthesis via surrogate-based superstructure optimization†","authors":"Jianzhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Jingzheng Ren ,&nbsp;Chang He","doi":"10.1039/d4gc04628e","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc04628e","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waste-to-energy (WtE) conversion offers a promising solution for sustainable waste management, but identifying economically viable and environmentally sustainable pathways remains a significant challenge. To address this issue, this study presents an optimal process design for simultaneously converting medical waste and sewage sludge into energy based on a novel superstructure optimization framework. The superstructure integrates waste plasma gasification, CO₂ capture, and fuel production, with economic profit and carbon emissions of each unit quantified through high-fidelity process simulations. To reduce the computational complexity, high dimensional model representation (HDMR)-based surrogate models are developed utilizing simulation data. With a compact surrogate model, efficient mixed-integer nonlinear programming is employed to identify the optimal pathway toward maximizing profit. The results reveal that producing hydrogen is the most economically favorable option, yielding a profit of 228.68 $ per h and carbon emissions of 3.82 t CO₂ equivalent (CO₂-eq) per h in the case study. Sensitivity analysis shows that increasing the ratio of medical waste enhances economic benefits but also raises carbon emissions. Additionally, the critical role of carbon tax in selecting low-carbon pathways while balancing economic viability is demonstrated. Compared to traditional waste treatment and energy production methods, the identified optimal processes demonstrate superior performance in carbon reduction, with emissions of 1.35 kg CO₂-eq per kg mixed waste under carbon tax conditions. This research highlights the effectiveness of HDMR surrogating in superstructure optimization and offers valuable insights for sustainable WtE conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1777-1788"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc04628e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of d-panthenol from 3-aminopropanol and glucose†","authors":"Junping Zhou ,&nbsp;Zheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Xin ,&nbsp;Yinan Xue ,&nbsp;Yihong Wang ,&nbsp;Xueyun Feng ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Man Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Yuguo Zheng","doi":"10.1039/d4gc06142j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc06142j","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div> <span>d</span>-Panthenol is an important chemical widely utilized in the feed, medicine and cosmetic industries. For industrial production, <span>d</span>-panthenol is converted by chemical condensation with 3-aminopropanol and <span>d</span>-pantolactone, in which <span>d</span>-pantolactone is produced by enzymatic racemization from chemically synthesized <span>dl</span>-pantolactone. In this study, the <em>de novo</em> biosynthesis of <span>d</span>-panthenol in engineered <em>Escherichia coli</em> from glucose with the supplementation of 3-aminopropanol was established for the first time. Upon confirmation that the <span>d</span>-pantothenate biosynthetic pathway could be used for <span>d</span>-panthenol biosynthesis, a fermentation medium and pyruvate pool of the strain were first optimized, enhancing the <span>d</span>-pantothenol production from 31.6 mg L⁻¹ to 184.2 mg L⁻¹. Moreover, structure-guided rational protein engineering of pantothenate synthase (PS) was also applied for improving the catalytic activities towards 3-aminopropanol, variant M3 (F62L/R123Q/R189I), which destroyed the hydrogen network between the residues R123/R189 and the carboxyl group of β-alanine and showed a 3.77-fold increase in <span>d</span>-panthenol production compared to that of the wild-type PS. In order to enhance the supply of NADPH, genes for cofactor regeneration and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) were enhanced, along with the knockdown of the NADPH depletion pathway. It was found that the reduction of the <em>pgi</em> gene resulted in the enhancement of the transcription level in the PPP pathway, which led to a relatively balanced ratio of NADPH/NADP⁺. The obtained strain DPN13 reached a peak of 1469.3 mg L⁻¹<span>d</span>-pantothenol in the shake flask. Fed-batch fermentation was then carried out, and the titers of <span>d</span>-pantoate and <span>d</span>-pantothenol of the final strain in a 5 L bioreactor reached 24.1 g L⁻¹ and 13.2 g L⁻¹, respectively, which were the highest of biosynthesized <span>d</span>-pantoate and <span>d</span>-pantothenol reported to date. Overall, with the systematic metabolic engineering of the strain for the <em>de novo</em> biosynthesis of <span>d</span>-panthenol, the green production of <span>d</span>-panthenol with industrial sustainability would be easily achieved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1806-1819"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confined synthesis of glucan oligomers from glucose in zeolites†","authors":"Haotong Liang ,&nbsp;Sheng Ye ,&nbsp;Qiyu Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Fan ,&nbsp;Qiaozhi Ma","doi":"10.1039/d4gc05126b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc05126b","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucan oligomer is a unique glucose-derived component with versatile applications as a plant growth elicitor and prebiotic based on its degree of polymerization (DP) and glycosidic bond species. However, in conversional aqueous media, glycosylation can be carried out among 5 free –OH groups on glucose, resulting in a glucan oligomer linked through various uncontrolled glycosidic bonds, which can lead to uncertainty of their application. To address this challenge, the confined synthesis of the glucan oligomer in the micropores of zeolites was developed. Glucose was impregnated into the microporous channel of H-Y with the FAU framework or H-MOR with the MOR framework to restrict its spatial configuration and thereby selectively produce the glucan oligomer with specific glycosidic bonds. The results showed that a 41.7% yield of the glucan oligomer with the DP ranging from 2 to 5 can be produced in H-Y, and 59.2% of the formed glucan oligomer was linked through (1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. When H-MOR was used as a catalyst, a high glucan oligomer yield of 61.7% was achieved with glucose units linked through 87.6% of (1 → 4) linkages. The one-dimensional microporous structure of MOR zeolites is not only beneficial for controlling the glycosidic bond structure, but can also improve the diffusion of the produced glucan oligomer, resulting in facile separation of the glucan oligomer from the zeolites. The H-Y and H-MOR used in glycosylation can be readily regenerated <em>via</em> calcination in air after removing the organic residues, and the catalysts can be recycled more than 5 times without catalytic performance decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1714-1722"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial ultra-low-carbon methanol synthesis routes: techno-economic analysis, life cycle environment assessment and multi-dimensional sustainability evaluation†","authors":"Dongrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Yan ,&nbsp;Xin Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Chaohe Yang","doi":"10.1039/d4gc05482b","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc05482b","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study establishes the industrial green hydrogen-coupled coal-to-methanol (GH₂-CTM) process and the biomass-to-methanol (BTM) process from the perspectives of process coupling and raw material greening. A comprehensive comparison of the two low-carbon methanol synthesis routes was conducted, aiming to promote environmentally friendly and efficient methanol production, based on detailed process modeling and simulation results. Techno-economic and life cycle assessments were performed on these low-carbon methanol processes as well as the conventional coal-to-methanol (CTM) process, and a multi-dimensional feasibility analysis was performed on key parameters (such as green hydrogen coupling amount, green hydrogen price, carbon tax, and biomass policy subsidies). The findings revealed that the industrialized GH₂-CTM process exhibited a 16.2% increase in methanol production and a 16.5% reduction in energy consumption. As the cost of green hydrogen decreases to 10.52 CNY kg⁻¹, renewable energy electrolysis hydrogen production could potentially replace the water-gas shift unit, leading to a 46.4% increase in methanol production and approximately 62.5% and 55.0% reductions in GHG emission and NED consumption compared to the CTM process. Government subsidies for straw-based energy production resulted in comparable economic performance between the BTM process and the CTM process. The BTM process demonstrated significant reductions in GHG emission and NED consumption of approximately 62.1% and 41.2%, respectively. These findings can ensure the realization of genuine ultra-low-carbon methanol production under the premise of determining the industrial scale and provide guidance for the more sustainable and environmentally friendly transformation of large coal-based methanol plants in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1747-1762"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visible-light-induced 1,3-difunctionalization of allylboronic esters enabled by a 1,2-boron shift†","authors":"Panjie Xiang ,&nbsp;Kai Sun ,&nbsp;Anzai Shi ,&nbsp;Jiangzhen An ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Chen ,&nbsp;Lingbo Qu ,&nbsp;Bing Yu","doi":"10.1039/d4gc06330a","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc06330a","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel visible-light-induced strategy has been developed for 1,2-boron migration to achieve 1,3-difunctionalization of allylboronic esters using vinyl triflates as bifunctional reagents. This approach demonstrates significant atomic and step economy, allowing for the construction of two C–C bonds and one C–B bond in a single preparative step under mild reaction conditions. This methodology enables the conversion of a wide array of natural products and pharmacologically relevant molecules, achieving satisfactory yields. Furthermore, this protocol is also successfully extended to other bifunctional reagents, such as tosylates and benzenesulfonyl cyanide, affording the corresponding sulfonyl products in good yields. Given the importance of boron and cyano functionalities in organic synthesis, these products hold considerable promise as intermediates for the synthesis of alcohols or amides. A comprehensive investigation of the reaction mechanism was performed, utilizing radical capture experiments, Stern–Volmer fluorescence quenching, cyclic voltammetry, light on–off experiments, and quantum yield measurements to elucidate the underlying processes involved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1820-1827"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-state aromatic nucleophilic fluorination: a rapid, practical, and environmentally friendly route to N-heteroaryl fluorides†","authors":"Koji Kubota ,&nbsp;Tetsu Makino ,&nbsp;Keisuke Kondo ,&nbsp;Tamae Seo ,&nbsp;Mingoo Jin ,&nbsp;Hajime Ito","doi":"10.1039/d4gc06362g","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc06362g","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A simple mechanochemical protocol for solid-state aromatic nucleophilic fluorination using potassium fluoride (KF) and quaternary ammonium salts was developed. This solid-state fluorination is fast and a variety of N-heteroaryl halides can be efficiently fluorinated within 1 h. Notably, highly polar and high-boiling solvents, which are often toxic and difficult to remove during purification, are not required for this protocol. Moreover, all the synthetic operations can be carried out under ambient conditions without complicated setups involving inert gases. The practical advantages of this mechanochemical protocol suggest potentially widespread applications for the preparation of valuable fluorine-containing molecules in a more efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly manner than existing solution-based protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1771-1776"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc06362g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of halogen-free hyper-crosslinked porous ionic polymers for efficient CO2 capture and conversion†","authors":"Xiaoqing Yang ,&nbsp;Jinshan Zhao ,&nbsp;Junfeng Zeng ,&nbsp;Bihua Chen ,&nbsp;Liang Tang ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Akif Zeb ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Li ,&nbsp;Shiguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d4gc05351f","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc05351f","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyper-crosslinked porous ionic polymers (HCPIPs) are important materials for CO₂ capture and catalytic conversion. In this work, we used ion exchange to combine the cross-linking-active tetraphenylborate anion (BPh₄⁻) with a guanidine-based (Gua) ionic liquid (IL), forming a halogen-free IL ([Gua][BPh₄]). Using different proportions of formaldehyde dimethyl acetal (FDA), we successfully constructed a series of halogen-free guanidine-functionalized HCPIPs (Gua-HCPIP-<em>x</em>) and achieved efficient CO₂ capture and conversion. Specifically, Gua-HCPIP-4, which had rich porosity and a high specific surface area, achieved a CO₂ adsorption capacity of up to 3.2 mmol g⁻¹. Gua-HCPIP-<em>x</em>, with guanidine and BPh₄⁻ groups, exhibited higher efficiency and selectivity in the catalytic <em>N</em>-formylation reaction of CO₂. Under mild conditions (3 bar, 80 °C), Gua-HCPIP-4 achieved a 94% yield in the CO₂<em>N</em>-formylation reaction and maintained catalytic activity after 5 cycles. This study provides new insights into enhancing the catalytic activity of the CO₂<em>N</em>-formylation reaction and offers practical guidance for synthesizing halogen-free HCPIPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1729-1739"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active learning assists chemical intuition identify a scalable conversion of chitin to 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran†‡","authors":"Juliana G. Pereira ,&nbsp;João M. J. M. Ravasco ,&nbsp;Latimah Bustillo ,&nbsp;Inês S. Marques ,&nbsp;Po-Yu Kao ,&nbsp;Po-Yi Li ,&nbsp;Yen-Chu Lin ,&nbsp;Tiago Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Vasco D. B. Bonifácio ,&nbsp;Andreia F. Peixoto ,&nbsp;Carlos A. M. Afonso ,&nbsp;Rafael F. A. Gomes","doi":"10.1039/d4gc04280h","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4gc04280h","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shift towards a more sustainable chemical and pharma industry led to considerable efforts on discoverying biorenewable synthons, amongst other approaches. Whereas lignocellulosic biomass has thrived as a source of furan building blocks, chitin has struggled in competing despite its abundance and being a source of sustainable nitrogen. This may be due to the difficulties in large scale production of chitin-derived furans. Here, we leverage active learning for the optimization of a multi-parameter reaction, namely the formation of 3-acetamido-5-acetylfuran. This active learning approach was able to outperform a trial-and-error optimization based on chemical intuition, yielding the desired <em>N</em>-rich furan in up to 70% yield from <em>N</em>-acetylglucosamine and in 10.5 mg g⁻¹ directly from dry shrimp shells. The reaction was scalable up to a 4.5 mmol scale, bypasses the use of undesirable toxic, high boiling point solvents and allows the reuse of the reaction media, supporting the utility of machine learning to advance green chemistry and the valorization of biomasses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":78,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry","volume":"27 6","pages":"Pages 1740-1746"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/gc/d4gc04280h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}