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Effect of Communication Skills Training Program on Nurses-Cancer Patient Communication 沟通技巧训练对护士与癌症患者沟通的影响
Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.144
L. A. Sharour
Background: Effective communication between nurses and patients in cancer is central element of care. There is a lack of understanding of the value of interpersonal communication between the cancer patients and the professional.Purposes: this study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Communication Skills Training Program (CSTP) for undergraduate nursing students in caring for cancer patients. Method: One group pretest and posttest quasi experimental design was used to assess the effectiveness of Communication Skills Training Program for undergraduate nursing students in caring for cancer patients. A sample of thirty three students was participated. Students' knowledge was assessed by using a knowledge test. Students' communication skills were observed and evaluated pre- and post-intervention by using Checklist observation sheet namely communication skills observation checklist (SEGUE).Results: there was a significant difference between the students’ level of knowledge pre-and post-intervention (t=–10.12, p=0.001). A significant difference between the students’ level of communication pre-and post-intervention (t=-4.67, p=0.001) was found. Conclusions and Implications: communication skills among undergraduate nursing students were improved by the training program. Different teaching aid such as role playing, open discussion, and bedside demonstration were effective in increasing the level of knowledge and skills. Findings indicate that having specific communication skills program is effective in increasing nurses’ knowledge and developing communication skills also.
背景:癌症护理人员与患者之间的有效沟通是护理的核心要素。癌症患者与专业人员之间缺乏对人际沟通价值的理解。摘要目的:本研究旨在评估本科护生沟通技巧训练计划(CSTP)在护理癌症患者方面的效果。方法:采用一组前测和后测准实验设计,对本科护生沟通技巧训练方案在护理癌症患者中的效果进行评估。共有33名学生参与了调查。通过知识测验对学生的知识进行评估。采用沟通技巧观察表即沟通技巧观察表(SEGUE)对干预前后学生的沟通技巧进行观察和评价。结果:干预前后学生知识水平差异有统计学意义(t= -10.12, p=0.001)。干预前后学生交流水平差异有统计学意义(t=-4.67, p=0.001)。结论与意义:护理本科学生的沟通能力通过培训得到了提高。不同的教学辅助,如角色扮演、公开讨论和床边示范,在提高知识和技能水平方面是有效的。研究结果表明,制定专门的沟通技巧课程对提高护士的知识水平和培养沟通技巧是有效的。
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引用次数: 2
Biomechanical Etiology of the So-called Idiopathic Scoliosis (Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis [AIS]). New Classification Rules of Therapy and Prophylaxis 所谓的特发性脊柱侧凸(青少年特发性脊柱侧凸[AIS])的生物力学病因学。治疗和预防的新分类规则
Pub Date : 2019-12-03 DOI: 10.33805/2573-3877.143
T. Karski
The biomechanical etiology of the so-called idiopathic scoliosis (Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis [AIS]) is described in years 1995-2007. In article are presented the etiological factors, the new classification, and the methods of therapy and principles of causal prophylaxis. The etiology of AIS is strictly biomechanical and it is connected with the asymmetry of the movement of the hips and with function-“standing” and “gait”. The new knowledge about scoliosis is important for doctors and nurses. Materials: In the years 1984-2018, more than 2500 patients with scoliosis have been observed and treated. This group included children in 80% in age 4 to 18 and in 20% older patients in age of 40-70. In this group of patients there were children endangered or with first or advanced symptoms of “so-called idiopathic scoliosis”. The patients with various syndromes or congenital scoliosis were excluded in the statistic of research.
所谓的特发性脊柱侧凸(青少年特发性脊柱侧凸[AIS])的生物力学病因在1995-2007年被描述。本文介绍了该病的病因、新分类、治疗方法和因果预防原则。AIS的病因是严格的生物力学,它与髋关节运动的不对称和功能-“站立”和“步态”有关。关于脊柱侧弯的新知识对医生和护士都很重要。资料:1984-2018年共观察治疗脊柱侧凸患者2500余例。这组患者中80%是4 - 18岁的儿童,20%是40-70岁的老年患者。在这组患者中,有儿童处于危险状态,或有“所谓特发性脊柱侧凸”的初期或晚期症状。在统计研究中,排除有各种综合征或先天性脊柱侧凸的患者。
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引用次数: 5
Children’s Experiences of Staying in Hospital from the Perspectives of Children and Children’s Nurses: A Narrative Review 儿童与儿童护士视角下的儿童住院经历:叙事性回顾
Pub Date : 2019-11-22 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.141
S. Clarke
Aim: This review presents a narrative overview of the existing literature relating to the child’s experience of being admitted to hospital from the perspectives of children in hospital and children’s nurses who provide the majority of their care. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was undertaken-relevant work was identified through a process of selection using a broad time period, key search terms and a number of appropriate data bases. Data was initially extracted from each study using a data extraction sheet which identified the author(s), date and source of publication, study design, key findings, limitations and recommendations. The extracted data was then added to a summary table and based on this key dominant themes were identified. These provided the foundation for the formulation and the synthesis of a coherent narrative. There were 51 papers included in the review.Findings: The review therefore presents the views of two groups-(1) children who stayed overnight and (2) children’s nurses. The main findings of the narrative review are organized thematically. The views of nurses caring for the child in hospital suggest challenges exist within time restraints (to provide care), communication skills and an environment which may isolate and separate the child from their family and other children. The main themes emerging in respect of the hospital experience of children are represented as relating to communication, environment/ ward design, play, isolation/separation and the child’s relationship with family and children’s nursing to be particularly important to the child in hospital.Conclusion: Both hospital ward/environment and children’s nurse differ greatly to the child’s home and family.
目的:本综述从住院儿童和提供大部分护理的儿童护士的角度,对有关儿童住院经历的现有文献进行了叙述概述。方法:对文献进行叙述性回顾,通过使用广泛的时间段、关键搜索词和一些适当的数据库进行选择,确定相关工作。从每项研究中最初提取数据时使用数据提取表,其中注明作者、发表日期和来源、研究设计、主要发现、局限性和建议。然后将提取的数据添加到汇总表中,并在此基础上确定关键的主要主题。这些为形成和综合连贯的叙述提供了基础。综述共收录了51篇论文。结果:因此,回顾提出了两组的观点-(1)过夜儿童和(2)儿童护士。叙事评论的主要发现是按主题组织的。在医院照顾儿童的护士的观点表明,在时间限制(提供护理)、沟通技巧以及可能使儿童与家人和其他儿童隔离和分离的环境中存在挑战。在儿童的医院经历方面出现的主要主题是与沟通、环境/病房设计、游戏、隔离/分离、儿童与家庭的关系以及对住院儿童特别重要的儿童护理有关。结论:医院病房/环境和儿童护理对儿童的家庭和家庭有较大差异。
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引用次数: 7
EKG Sensor Pad Innovation and Strategy 心电图传感器垫创新与策略
Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.138
C. Alexander
AbstractInnovation is the key to having a competitive edge in the market. Success comes from not just new ideas, but improvements to old ideas, and attracting new customers with new innovations. Innovations should make the product stand out to the consumer. There are challenges and barriers to innovations in the market. Innovations may be more expensive; therefore, it may be less challenging to simply edit. Wearable sensors have a strong potential for success in the market. Because this is the first sign of heart attack, this is an easy and predictable method as to identifying heart arrhythmias. The purpose of this review is to determine if wearable sensors are effective at notifying the patient and providers of cardiac problems prior to an event. Many patients are not very confident in the applications of new technologies such as wearable sensors. This is a main reason that this study was done.
摘要创新是企业获得市场竞争优势的关键。成功不仅来自新想法,还来自对旧想法的改进,以及用新的创新吸引新客户。创新应该让产品在消费者面前脱颖而出。市场上的创新存在挑战和障碍。创新可能更加昂贵;因此,简单地编辑可能不那么具有挑战性。可穿戴传感器在市场上具有巨大的成功潜力。因为这是心脏病发作的第一个征兆,这是一种简单而可预测的识别心律失常的方法。本综述的目的是确定可穿戴传感器是否有效地在事件发生前通知患者和提供者心脏问题。许多患者对可穿戴传感器等新技术的应用不是很有信心。这是进行这项研究的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
The Stable Instability of People with Borderline Personality Disorder 边缘型人格障碍患者的稳定不稳定性
Pub Date : 2019-10-19 DOI: 10.33805/2638-8073.121
Jaime Senabre
If something characterizes the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is its diagnostic complexity, its comorbidity with other types of conditions and its high ignorance on the part of many health professionals, in general, and mental health, in particular. To understand the BPD, on many occasions, we are going to have to go back to childhood and early adolescence. In this review of the subject we will try to put some light on this type of psychopathology; a necessary light, not so much for the professional as for the hidden victim of this ailment, the great protagonist; not because of its stigma of illness, but because of its degree of vulnerability and widespread instability. We will try to outline a characteristic profile of the borderline personality based on the background and consequences of the individual. Also, we will glimpse some aspects such as comorbidity, which can make diagnosis difficult. We will distinguish the different types of BPD and give a few strokes on the Therapeutic approach, based on: self-observation, self-care, psychoeducation, intermediate evaluations, emotion management and coping techniques, written expression and psychoeducation have given the best results with this type of patients. At last, we emphasize the importance of self-care of the mental health professional.
如果说边缘型人格障碍(BPD)的特征是它的诊断复杂性,它与其他类型的疾病的共病性,以及许多健康专业人员对它的高度无知,总的来说,尤其是对精神健康的无知。为了理解BPD,在很多情况下,我们将不得不回到童年和青春期早期。在这个主题的回顾中,我们将试图对这种类型的精神病理学有所了解;这是一种必要的光,与其说是为专业人员,不如说是为这种疾病的隐蔽受害者,即伟大的主人公;不是因为疾病的耻辱,而是因为它的脆弱程度和广泛的不稳定。我们将尝试根据个人的背景和后果,勾勒出边缘型人格的特征轮廓。此外,我们还将瞥见一些方面,如合并症,这可能使诊断困难。我们将区分不同类型的BPD并给出几种治疗方法,基于:自我观察,自我护理,心理教育,中间评估,情绪管理和应对技巧,书面表达和心理教育对这类患者的治疗效果最好。最后,我们强调心理健康专业人员自我保健的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Organ Shortage, Will People's Knowledge be a Path to the Solution? 器官短缺,人们的知识会是解决问题的途径吗?
Pub Date : 2019-09-23 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.137
C. Félix
Organ shortage transforming death into life, which is what organ transplants symbolize, needs the end of somebody life, a scientific miracle of our times, but as well a social problem. Prejudices or ignorance inhibits to offering life to another human being. The consequence of this conflicting situation is that patients waiting for transplantation, “unfairly” die every day. States and Social Security should be involved in this problem. Programming efficient education will be important for change social conduct towards organ donation. As well, several studies emphasize the persistence of an insufficient university medical teams training in transplantation. Organ shortage and waiting lists patient’s mortality is a failure of social communication on organ donation and transplantation. Proposals to review social and university education in current organ shortage crisis might be an ethical duty for states health and education officials. Solidarity is a positive people’s feeling, nevertheless faced with death of a loved one; it does not seem to be an enough reason to justify authorization to donate. For many people, organ donation represents a perverse and unjustified action of mutilation. Considering the negative reactions that often can occur in the moment in which the alternative of deciding the donation of organs of a loved one is presented; we have proposed the inclusion in the social education plans the following concepts: • Organ shortage is a health emergency. • Throughout our lives, we might need organ or tissue transplantation. • Our body after death is a unique source of health to be shared. • Organ donation meant to” share life” more than “to gift life”. • Organ donation should be a social agreement. • People should know the social risks involved in establishing economic incentives for donation. This analysis is made to provide a basic knowledge of a vital medical crisis, and to suggest to decision makers of educational programs useful suggestions for this serious problem. In addition, and very particularly this work is directed to the Society, the main protagonist of this problem, requiring to receiving a correct and detailed information on the dilemma of the lack of organs, in quest that the donation decision will be an act of full awareness. A french philosopher, Jean Rostand has said "To dream you have to know".
器官短缺将死亡转化为生命,这是器官移植的象征,需要结束一个人的生命,这是我们这个时代的科学奇迹,但也是一个社会问题。偏见或无知使人无法给予他人生命。这种矛盾局面的后果是,每天都有等待移植的患者“不公平地”死亡。国家和社会保障部门应该参与到这个问题中来。规划有效的教育对于改变对器官捐赠的社会行为非常重要。此外,一些研究强调,大学医疗团队在移植方面的培训一直不足。器官短缺和等待病人死亡是器官捐献和移植社会沟通的失败。在当前器官短缺危机中,对社会和大学教育进行审查的建议可能是各州卫生和教育官员的一项道德责任。团结是一种积极的人的感觉,尽管面对亲人的死亡;这似乎不足以成为授权捐赠的理由。对许多人来说,器官捐献是一种不正当的肢解行为。考虑到在决定捐赠亲人器官的选择出现时经常会出现的负面反应;我们建议在社会教育计划中纳入以下概念:•器官短缺是一种健康紧急情况。•在我们的一生中,我们可能需要器官或组织移植。•我们死后的身体是共享健康的独特来源。•器官捐赠意味着“分享生命”,而不是“赠送生命”。•器官捐赠应该是一项社会协议。•人们应该知道建立捐赠经济激励机制所涉及的社会风险。这种分析是为了提供一个重要的医疗危机的基本知识,并建议教育方案的决策者对这个严重的问题有用的建议。此外,这项工作特别针对这个问题的主角协会,要求获得关于器官缺乏困境的正确和详细的信息,以寻求捐赠决定将是一个充分认识的行为。法国哲学家Jean Rostand曾说过:“要梦想,你必须知道。”
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引用次数: 0
Review of Socio-Demographic and Economic Predictors of Adolescent Pregnancies in Rural Ghana 加纳农村青少年怀孕的社会人口和经济预测因素综述
Pub Date : 2019-08-12 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.136
Mohammed Tanko Naziru, F. Y. Gbagbo, E. Agbeno, E. Otupiri
Introduction: Ghana developed her adolescent reproductive health policy in october 2000 to guide implementation of adolescent reproductivehealth and related services. Despite a comprehensive policy implementation strategy, the burden of adolescent pregnancies in rural Ghanaremains a public health challenge since little is known about the core predictors. This study therefore explores socio-demographic and economicpredictors of the pregnancies in Amenfi West district.Methods: The study design was a community based case-control study involving 80 cases and 220 controls. Data was collected using structuredquestionnaires and analyzed by Stata version 11 to examine associations between predictors of pregnancy and background characteristics ofadolescents.Results: Findings show that, being in school, coming from a wealthy household, contraceptive use, parental monitoring and relationshipcounselling offered significant protection against adolescent pregnancy (p<0.05). However, factors such as violent parental attitudes towardsboy/girlfriend relationships, demanding financial support from adolescents for housekeeping and peer pressure from ever been pregnant friendspredisposes adolescents to pregnancy.Conclusion: Advocacy for increased social/parental support for adolescents, education on modern contraception and availability of services arekey to preventing adolescent-pregnancies in rural communities.
导言:加纳于2000年10月制定了青少年生殖健康政策,以指导青少年生殖健康和相关服务的实施。尽管有一项全面的政策实施战略,但加纳农村少女怀孕的负担仍然是一项公共卫生挑战,因为对核心预测因素知之甚少。因此,本研究探讨了阿蒙菲西部地区怀孕的社会人口和经济预测因素。方法:研究设计为基于社区的病例对照研究,共纳入80例病例和220例对照。使用结构化问卷收集数据,并通过Stata version 11进行分析,以检查怀孕预测因素与青少年背景特征之间的关联。结果:研究结果表明,上学、来自富裕家庭、避孕药具的使用、父母监督和关系咨询对青少年怀孕有显著的保护作用(p<0.05)。然而,诸如父母对男女关系的暴力态度,要求青少年为家务提供经济支持以及来自曾经怀孕的朋友的同伴压力等因素使青少年更容易怀孕。结论:倡导增加社会/父母对青少年的支持,现代避孕教育和服务的可获得性是预防农村社区青少年怀孕的关键。
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引用次数: 0
New Case Reports with Phage Therapy-What is Needed for More? 噬菌体治疗的新病例报告-还需要什么?
Pub Date : 2019-07-02 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.135
K. Moelling
A recent article had the provocative title: A wake-up call: we need phage therapy now [1]. Indeed, there are very few sources for phages available if someone needs them urgently. Thus phages are needed and should be produced, characterized and banked and provided upon need, possibly on a European basis. It is not so difficult to collect phages: wherever there are bacteria, there are also their phages. Thus hospital sewage or general sewage is rich sources, and then they require purification, characterization, typing of their hosts, banking and catalogues.
最近的一篇文章有一个挑衅性的标题:一个警钟:我们现在需要噬菌体治疗[1]。事实上,如果有人急需噬菌体,可获得的噬菌体来源很少。因此,噬菌体是需要的,应该根据需要生产、鉴定、储存和提供,可能以欧洲为基础。收集噬菌体并不难:哪里有细菌,哪里就有它们的噬菌体。因此,医院污水或一般污水是丰富的来源,然后他们需要净化,表征,分类的主机,银行和目录。
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引用次数: 2
The Prevalence of Left Ventricular Thrombus among Heart Failure Patients Admitted to Kuwait Teaching Hospital in Sana’a City between January 2014 -2017 2014年1月至2017年1月在萨那市科威特教学医院住院的心力衰竭患者中左心室血栓的患病率
Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.33805/2573.3877.134
A. Khaled, Askar Faiza
Background: Heart failure is a major Public Health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality rates .The Left Ventricular Thrombus (LVT) is more frequently seen in acute heart failure as a complication of Left Ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of LVT and its outcome among Yemeni patients presented with heart failure to Kuwait teaching hospital in Sana’a. This cross sectional retrospective study made during the period of January 2014-January 2017 study for all patients admitted to the hospital with Heart Failure (HF). Results: During study period 1856 patients with cardiac diseases were admitted to the hospital. Of this 217 were in (F. Among patient which 61(28.1%) had LVT. The mean age of patient presented with LVT was 51 years ± 8.1 Most cases were male (90%) while only (10%), were females. Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), Dilated Cardiac Myopathy (DCMP) and Hypertension, found to be an associated risk factors of LVT represented (51%, 34.2% and 34.2%) respectively. However 8 (13%) of patients with LVT had embolic complications. The mortality rate during hospitalization was 4 (6.6%). Conclusion: The Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of left ventricular thrombus.
背景:心力衰竭因其高发病率和死亡率而成为一个重要的公共卫生问题,而左室血栓(LVT)作为左室收缩功能障碍的并发症在急性心力衰竭中更为常见。目的:本研究的目的是确定在萨那科威特教学医院就诊的也门心力衰竭患者中LVT的患病率及其预后。本横断面回顾性研究于2014年1月至2017年1月期间对所有因心力衰竭(HF)入院的患者进行研究。结果:研究期间共收治1856例心脏病患者。其中f组217例,LVT 61例(28.1%)。LVT患者平均年龄51岁±8.1岁,男性占90%,女性占10%。缺血性心脏病(IHD)、扩张型心肌病(DCMP)和高血压是LVT的相关危险因素,分别占51%、34.2%和34.2%。然而,8例(13%)LVT患者有栓塞并发症。住院期间死亡率为4(6.6%)。结论:缺血性心脏病是左室血栓形成的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
The Prevalence of Left Ventricular Thrombus among Heart Failure Patients Admitted to Kuwait Teaching Hospital in Sanaa City between January 2014 -2017 2014年1月-2017年1月在萨那市科威特教学医院住院的心力衰竭患者中左心室血栓的患病率
Pub Date : 2019-06-11 DOI: 10.33805/2573-3877.134
Alaghbari Khaled, Askar Faiza
Background: Heart failure is a major Public Health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The Left Ventricular Thrombus (LVT) is more frequently seen in acute heart failure as a complication of Left Ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction.Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of LVT and its outcome among Yemeni patients presented with heart failure to Kuwait teaching hospital in Sanaa. This cross sectional retrospective study made during the period of January 2014-January 2017 study for all patients admitted to the hospital with Heart Failure (HF).Results: During study period 1856 patients with cardiac diseases were admitted to the hospital. Of this 217 were in (F. Among patient which 61(28.1%) had LVT. The mean age of patient presented with LVT was 51 years ± 8.1 Most cases were male (90%) while only (10%), were females. Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), Dilated Cardiac Myopathy (DCMP) and Hypertension, found to be an associated risk factors of LVT represented (51%, 34.2% and 34.2%) respectively. However 8 (13%) of patients with LVT had embolic complications. The mortality rate during hospitalization was 4 (6.6%).Conclusion: The Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of left ventricular thrombus.
背景:心力衰竭因其高发病率和死亡率而成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。左心室血栓(LVT)在急性心力衰竭中更常见,是左心室收缩功能障碍的并发症。目的:本研究的目的是确定在萨那科威特教学医院就诊的也门心力衰竭患者中LVT的患病率及其预后。本横断面回顾性研究于2014年1月至2017年1月期间对所有因心力衰竭(HF)入院的患者进行研究。结果:研究期间共收治1856例心脏病患者。其中f组217例,LVT 61例(28.1%)。LVT患者平均年龄51岁±8.1岁,男性占90%,女性占10%。缺血性心脏病(IHD)、扩张型心肌病(DCMP)和高血压是LVT的相关危险因素,分别占51%、34.2%和34.2%。然而,8例(13%)LVT患者有栓塞并发症。住院期间死亡率为4(6.6%)。结论:缺血性心脏病是左室血栓形成的主要原因。
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引用次数: 1
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Nursing and health care perspectives
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