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Human semen quality and environmental and occupational exposure to pollutants: A systematic review. 人类精液质量与环境和职业污染物暴露:一项系统综述。
IF 2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2581
L Cofone, I Pindinello, G D'Ancona, F Grassi, A Antonucci, M Vitali, C Protano

Background: The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the correlation between the exposure to environmental and/or occupational pollutants and possible alteration of semen quality, focalizing the attention on the studies performed using a biomonitoring approach.

Methods: The review was conducted from inception to May 11 2023, according to the PRISMA Statement 2020 and using the following databases: Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023405607). Studies were considered eligible if they reported data about the association between exposure to environmental pollutants and alteration of semen quality using human biomonitoring. The quality assessment was carried out by the use of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.

Results: In total, 21 articles were included, conducted in several countries. The main matrices used for biomonitoring were urine and blood and the most sought-after contaminants were bisphenols, phthalates, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and other inorganic trace elements. The results of the studies demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the increase of the pollutants' levels in the biological matrices examined and some alterations of the semen quality indicators, such as a decrease in motility, concentration and morphology of the spermatozoa.

Conclusions: Male fertility can be negatively affected by the exposure to environmental and/or occupational pollutants. Human biomonitoring programs may be considered a useful tool for specific surveillance programs devoted to early highlight subjects who are more exposed to environmental pollutants in order to reduce risk exposure.

背景:本系统综述的目的是评估暴露于环境和/或职业污染物与精液质量可能变化之间的相关性,重点关注使用生物监测方法进行的研究。方法:根据2020年PRISMA声明,使用以下数据库进行审查:Scopus、Pubmed和Web of Science。该方案已在PROSPERO上注册(CRD42023405607)。如果研究报告了暴露于环境污染物与使用人类生物监测的精液质量变化之间的关联数据,则认为这些研究符合条件。使用Newcastle Ottawa质量评估量表进行质量评估。结果:共纳入21篇文章,在几个国家进行。用于生物监测的主要基质是尿液和血液,最受欢迎的污染物是双酚、邻苯二甲酸酯、杀虫剂、多氯联苯、多环芳烃、重金属和其他无机微量元素。研究结果表明,所检查的生物基质中污染物水平的增加与精液质量指标的一些变化之间存在显著的正相关,如精子的活力、浓度和形态的降低。结论:暴露于环境和/或职业污染物会对男性生育能力产生负面影响。人类生物监测项目可以被认为是专门针对早期暴露于环境污染物的受试者的特定监测项目的有用工具,以减少风险暴露。
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引用次数: 0
The role of air temperature in Legionella water contamination and legionellosis incidence rates in southern Italy (2018-2023). 空气温度在意大利南部军团菌水污染和军团菌病发病率中的作用(2018-2023)。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2578
M T Montagna, S Brigida, F Fasano, C M Leone, M D'Ambrosio, V Spagnuolo, M Lopuzzo, F Apollonio, F Triggiano, M E Caringella, O De Giglio
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Legionnaires' disease is caused by inhalation or aspiration of small water droplets contaminated with Legionella, commonly found in natural and man-made water systems and in moist soil. Over the past 5 years, notification rates of this disease have almost doubled in the European Union (EU) / European Environmental Agency (EEA), from 1.4 in 2015 to 2.2 cases per 100,000 population in 2019. Some studies show that the greater presence of the microorganism in the water network and the increase in cases of legionellosis could be related to the variations in some environmental factors, such as air temperature, which may influence the water temperature.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Climate change is currently a prominent topic worldwide because of its significant impact on the natural environment. It is responsible for the increase in numerous waterborne pathologies. The purpose of this study was to correlate the air temperature recorded in Apulia region from January 2018 to April 2023 with the presence of Legionella in the water networks of public and private facilities and the incidence rates of legionellosis during the same period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the period from January 2018 to April 2023, water samples were collected from facilities involved in legionellosis cases and analyzed for Legionella. During the same period, all the cases notified to the regional epidemiological observatory (OER-Apulia) were included in this study. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test to determine whether the Legionella load was distributed normally, the Wilcoxon rank sum test to compare the air temperatures (average and range) of the negative and positive samples for Legionella detection, and the multivariate analysis (Poisson regression) to compare the Legionella load with the water sample temperature, average air temperature, and temperature range on the day of sampling. The Wilcoxon test for paired samples was used to compare legionellosis cases between the warmer and colder months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 13,044 water samples were analyzed for Legionella and 460 cases of legionellosis were notified. Legionella was isolated in 20.1% of the samples examined. The difference in the air temperature between negative samples and positive samples was statistically significant (p-value < 0.0001): on days when water samples tested positive for Legionella a higher temperature range was observed than on days when water samples tested negative (p-value = 0.004). Poisson regression showed a direct correlation between Legionella load, water temperature, and average air temperature. The incidence of legionellosis cases in warmer months was higher than in colder months (p-value = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights a significant increase in the load of Legionella in the Apulian water network, and an association between warmer temperatures and legionello
背景:军团病是由吸入或吸入被军团菌污染的小水滴引起的,军团菌通常存在于天然和人造水系以及潮湿的土壤中。在过去的5年里,欧盟/欧洲环境局的这种疾病的通知率几乎翻了一番,从2015年的1.4例增加到2019年的2.2例/10万人口。一些研究表明,水网中微生物的大量存在和军团菌病病例的增加可能与一些环境因素的变化有关,如空气温度,这些因素可能会影响水温。研究设计:由于气候变化对自然环境的重大影响,气候变化目前是世界范围内的一个突出话题。它是众多水传播疾病增加的原因。本研究的目的是将2018年1月至2023年4月阿普利亚地区记录的气温与公共和私人设施供水网络中军团菌的存在以及同期军团菌病的发病率联系起来。方法:在2018年1月至2023年4月期间,从涉及军团菌病病例的设施收集水样,并分析军团菌。在同一时期,向地区流行病学观察站(OER Apulia)通报的所有病例都包括在本研究中。使用Shapiro-Wilk检验来确定军团菌载量是否正态分布,使用Wilcoxon秩和检验来比较军团菌检测阴性和阳性样本的空气温度(平均值和范围),以及使用多变量分析(泊松回归)来比较军团杆菌载量与水样温度,平均空气温度和采样当天的温度范围。配对样本的Wilcoxon检验用于比较温暖和寒冷月份的军团菌病病例。结果:总共对13044份水样进行了军团菌分析,报告了460例军团菌病。军团菌检出率为20.1%。阴性样本和阳性样本之间的空气温度差异具有统计学意义(p值<0.0001):在水样军团菌检测呈阳性的日子里,观察到的温度范围高于水样检测呈阴性的日子(p值=0.004)。泊松回归显示军团菌载量、水温,以及平均空气温度。军团菌病病例在温暖月份的发病率高于寒冷月份(p值=0.03)。结论:我们的研究强调了阿普利亚水系中军团菌的负荷显著增加,以及温暖的温度与军团菌病发病率之间的关联。我们认为,需要在不同的背景和地区进行进一步的调查,以确定军团菌病的流行病学特征,并解释其在不同地理区域的极端变异性,以及这些数据如何受到不同风险因素的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes and perceptions of Italian Students in Healthcare Settings on COVID-19 vaccines and vaccinations strategies, one year after the immunization campaign. 免疫接种运动一年后,医疗保健机构的意大利学生对新冠肺炎疫苗和疫苗接种策略的态度和看法。
IF 2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2584
A Bechini, A Vannacci, C Salvati, G Crescioli, N Lombardi, F Chiesi, J Shtylla, M Del Riccio, P Bonanni, S Boccalini

Background: The topic of vaccine confidence is increasingly relevant, particularly due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. This issue is even more critical for students in healthcare settings, given their future role not only as vaccine recipients but also as advocates for vaccination. In light of this, achieving a good level of vaccine acceptance is crucial. Hence, the aim of our study was to evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of healthcare students regarding vaccines and COVID- 19 vaccination.

Methods: Medical and pharmaceutical area students attended an Elective Teaching Activity on COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination campaign, organized at the University of Florence (Italy) and participated in filling two anonymous questionnaires. The first questionnaire was submitted before the Elective Teaching Activity was focused on students' attitudes and perceptions toward vaccines. The second questionnaire was designed to evaluate the students' satisfaction with the course topics. Both descriptive and inferential analyses were performed on the results. In addition, the Vaccine Confidence Index was calculated to evaluate the propensity of students toward vaccinations.

Results: A total of 423 students attended the Elective Teaching Activity in the early beginnings of 2022. Overall, students have shown greater confidence in vaccines, compared to COVID-19 vaccines, especially as regards the safety profile. Students' Vaccine Confidence Index was very close to 0.25 value, which indicates being in favor of vaccinations. Nevertheless, in the satisfaction questionnaire filled in at the end of the course, the percentage of students in favor of COVID-19 vaccination increased for both medical (from 94% to 99%) and pharmaceutical area students (from 81% to 97%).

Conclusions: Our study suggests that educational activities such as this Elective Teaching Activity, could be considered an effective teaching strategy to improve vaccine acceptance rates among students in healthcare settings.

背景:疫苗信心的主题越来越重要,特别是由于新冠肺炎大流行和新冠肺炎疫苗的全球分布。这一问题对医疗机构的学生来说更为关键,因为他们未来不仅是疫苗接种者,而且是疫苗接种的倡导者。有鉴于此,实现良好的疫苗接受水平至关重要。因此,我们研究的目的是评估医疗保健学生对疫苗和COVID-19疫苗接种的态度和看法。方法:医学和制药领域的学生参加了在意大利佛罗伦萨大学组织的新冠肺炎疫苗和疫苗接种运动选修教学活动,并参与填写了两份匿名问卷。第一份问卷是在选修教学活动之前提交的,重点关注学生对疫苗的态度和看法。第二份问卷旨在评估学生对课程主题的满意度。对结果进行了描述性和推理性分析。此外,还计算了疫苗信心指数,以评估学生接种疫苗的倾向。结果:2022年初,共有423名学生参加了选修教学活动。总体而言,与新冠肺炎疫苗相比,学生们对疫苗表现出了更大的信心,尤其是在安全性方面。学生的疫苗信心指数非常接近0.25,这表明他们支持接种疫苗。尽管如此,在课程结束时填写的满意度问卷中,医学(从94%增加到99%)和制药领域的学生支持接种新冠肺炎疫苗的百分比都有所增加(从81%增加到97%),可以被认为是一种有效的教学策略,可以提高医疗环境中学生的疫苗接受率。
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引用次数: 0
The "Nutritional Prevention" within Italy's National Prevention Plan 2020-25. 意大利2020-25年国家预防计划中的“营养预防”。
IF 2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2569
E Alonzo, G Bonaccorsi, G Cairella, V Carreri, E Guberti, D Nucci, M F Panunzio, E Valerio

Abstract: Italy's National Prevention Plan 2020-25 is the first to address nutritional prevention, highlighting its importance in combating chronic diseases. This letter discusses the relationship between food safety, nutritional security, and the need for nutritional prevention in the plan. Chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes, are significant public health concerns in Italy, with poor nutrition being a critical risk factor. Incorporating nutritional prevention can promote healthy eating habits, food security and sustainability, reduce healthcare costs, and promote social cohesion and equality. Successful implementation will require cooperation among the government, the private sector, and the civil society to ensure healthier food choices and prevent chronic diseases in Italy.

摘要:意大利2020-25年国家预防计划是第一个涉及营养预防的计划,强调了其在对抗慢性病方面的重要性。这封信讨论了食品安全、营养安全和计划中营养预防需求之间的关系。慢性疾病,如心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病,是意大利重要的公共卫生问题,营养不良是一个关键的风险因素。纳入营养预防可以促进健康的饮食习惯、粮食安全和可持续性,降低医疗成本,促进社会凝聚力和平等。成功实施需要政府、私营部门和民间社会之间的合作,以确保在意大利选择更健康的食品并预防慢性病。
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引用次数: 0
Ensuring safety requirement to home food and home restaurant: focus on a regional experience based on sector legislation, and future perspectives. 确保家庭食品和家庭餐厅的安全要求:根据行业立法和未来前景,重点关注地区经验。
IF 2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2563
P Marzocca, D Daleno, G B Orsi, C Napoli, V Marcotrigiano

Abstract: The sharing economy provides many new business opportunities, particularly in local areas where culinary traditions guarantee major appreciable sensorial features. In this context, home food and home restaurant find their place. The first one refers to businesses that, in a home kitchen or in premises used mainly as a private home, produce food for retail, while the second one is defined as food businesses producing and administering food and beverages in a private dwelling house. This manuscript analyses the sector legi-slation applicable to these new business forms, the adherence to the requirements prescribed by the recent guidelines, the executive compliance applicable to the inspection phases, as well as the perspectives and future challenges that healthcare workers designated for food safety official controls will face.

摘要:共享经济提供了许多新的商业机会,特别是在烹饪传统保证主要感官特征的地方。在这种背景下,家庭食品和家庭餐馆找到了他们的位置。第一种是指在家庭厨房或主要用作私人住宅的场所生产零售食品的企业,第二种是指在私人住宅生产和管理食品和饮料的食品企业。本文分析了适用于这些新业务形式的部门立法、对最新指南规定的要求的遵守情况、适用于检查阶段的执行合规性,以及指定从事食品安全官方控制的卫生保健工作者将面临的前景和未来挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, attitudes and adherence towards influenza and other vaccinations among healthcare workers at the University Hospital of Palermo, Italy, during the first COVID-19 pandemic season (2020/2021). 在第一个COVID-19大流行季节(2020/2021年)期间,意大利巴勒莫大学医院医护人员对流感和其他疫苗接种的知识、态度和坚持情况。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-15 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2568
C Costantino, N Bonaccorso, F Balsamo, M Belluzzo, A Carubia, L D'Azzo, F Grimaldi, M Sciortino, T Vitello, L Zagra, G Graziano, C M Maida, C M Maida, A Pieri, W Mazzucco, F Tramuto, F Vitale, V Restivo

Background: Increasing adherence to influenza vaccination among healthcare workers is a public health priority, stated that actually remains far below than international recommendations. During the 2020/2021 pandemic season, COVID-19 vaccines were not yet available until the end of December 2020, and influenza vaccines were the only one available to protect against seasonal respiratory diseases. The main objective of the present study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and adherence to influenza and other vaccinations recommended by the National Immunization Plan 2017-2021 for healthcare workers.

Methods: Enrollment lasted from October and December 2020 at the vaccination unit of the University Hospital of Palermo. Data were collected through an anonymous and self-administered questionnaire, divided into 5 sections and 31 items.

Results: Among 734 healthcare professionals that completed the survey, a significantly higher adherence to influenza vaccination was observed among healthcare workers that were more prone to receive COVID-19 vaccination (OR=4.02; 95% CI: 1.63-9.91). Moreover, higher influenza vaccination rates were observed among healthcare professionals that received influenza vaccination during previous 2019/2020 season (OR=15.3; 95% CI: 5.17-45.1) and that were favorable to the possible impact on increasing adherence of influenza mandatory vaccination (OR=4.88; 95% CI: 2.43-9.80).

Conclusions: Propensity of healthcare workers to undergo vaccinations recommended in the National Immunization Plan increased during the first pandemic season. At the end of the vaccination season, flu vaccination coverage reached highest rates ever at the University Hospital of Palermo (around 60%), remaining anyway below the recommended minimum value of 75%. During next seasonal flu vaccination campaigns, it becomes essential to promote communication and information strategies to increase flu vaccination among healthcare workers, also focusing on co-administration with the anti-COVID-19 booster/seasonal doses.

背景:提高卫生保健工作者对流感疫苗接种的依从性是一项公共卫生优先事项,实际上仍远低于国际建议。在2020/2021年大流行季节,直到2020年12月底才有COVID-19疫苗,而流感疫苗是唯一可用于预防季节性呼吸道疾病的疫苗。本研究的主要目的是评估卫生保健工作者对2017-2021年国家免疫计划建议的流感和其他疫苗接种的知识、态度和依从性。方法:入组时间为2020年10月至12月,在巴勒莫大学医院疫苗接种部进行。本研究采用不记名、自我填写的问卷,共分为5部分31项。结果:在完成调查的734名医护人员中,更倾向于接种COVID-19疫苗的医护人员对流感疫苗的依从性明显更高(OR=4.02;95% ci: 1.63-9.91)。此外,在上一个2019/2020季节接种过流感疫苗的卫生保健专业人员中,流感疫苗接种率较高(OR=15.3;95% CI: 5.17-45.1),并且有利于增加流感强制疫苗接种依从性的可能影响(OR=4.88;95% ci: 2.43-9.80)。结论:卫生保健工作者接受国家免疫计划建议的疫苗接种的倾向在第一个大流行季节增加。在疫苗接种季节结束时,帕勒莫大学医院的流感疫苗接种率达到了有史以来的最高水平(约60%),但仍低于75%的推荐最低值。在下一次季节性流感疫苗接种运动中,必须促进沟通和信息战略,以增加卫生保健工作者的流感疫苗接种,并重点关注与抗covid -19增强剂/季节性剂量的联合使用。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the effect of COVID-19 incidence on Emergency Departments admissions. Results from a retrospective study in Central Italy during the first year of pandemic. 评估COVID-19发病率对急诊入院的影响。大流行第一年在意大利中部进行的回顾性研究结果。
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2570
C Quercioli, R Bosco, G Bova, M Mandò, M F De Marco, S Dei, R Gusinu, G Messina

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the Healthcare System, changing the patterns of Emergency Department access. In fact, accesses for trauma and less severe cases decreased significantly. This decline has generally been attributed to both the effects of the lockdown, imposed by the government, and the fear of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital. However, the correlation between these elements is not yet clear, since the accesses to the Emergency Department did not increase either at the end of the lockdown or in the summer when the epidemiological situation was more favorable. Aim: To evaluate the association between trends of Emergency Department accesses and COVID-19 incidence in 2020.

Methods: Data on Emergency Department accesses, by month and severity triage code, from 14 hospitals in southeastern Tuscany (Italy) were obtained from hospitals' data warehouse. Official data on new cases of COVID-19 infection were used to calculate incidence. Hospitals were classified into 4 categories. Differences in Emergency Department access by month, triage code, and hospital type were investigated using Kruskal-Wallis analysis. Association between Emergency Department accesses and COVID-19 incidence was evaluated using a random-effect panel data analysis, adjusting for hospital type and triage code.

Results: The trend of 268,072 Emergency Department accesses decreases substantially at the first pandemic peak; thereafter, it increased and decreased again until the minimum peak in November 2020. COVID-19 incidence appeared to be overlapping with an inverse direction. Monthly differences were significant (p<0.01) except for most severe codes. There was a significant inverse association between Emergency Department accesses and COVID-19 incidence (Coef. =-0.074, p<0.001) except for most severe cases (triage code 1: Coef. =-0.028, p=0.154).

Conclusion: Emergency Department admissions trend followed the COVID-19 incidence, except for the most severe cases. Fear of infection seems to discourage patients from accessing Emergency Department for illnesses perceived as not serious.

导读:COVID-19大流行对医疗保健系统产生了重大影响,改变了急诊科的就诊模式。事实上,创伤和较轻病例的就诊次数显著减少。这种下降通常归因于政府实施的封锁的影响,以及对在医院感染SARS-CoV-2的恐惧。然而,这些因素之间的相关性尚不清楚,因为无论是在封锁结束时,还是在流行病学形势较有利的夏季,前往急诊室的人数都没有增加。目的:评价2020年急诊科就诊趋势与新冠肺炎发病率的关系。方法:从意大利托斯卡纳东南部14家医院的医院数据仓库中获取按月份和重症分类码划分的急诊科访问数据。使用新发COVID-19感染病例的官方数据来计算发病率。医院分为4类。采用Kruskal-Wallis分析调查急诊就诊月、分诊代码和医院类型的差异。采用随机效应面板数据分析,调整医院类型和分诊代码,评估急诊科就诊与COVID-19发病率之间的关系。结果:急诊268072人次在第一次大流行高峰期呈明显下降趋势;此后,它又上升又下降,直到2020年11月的最低峰值。新冠肺炎的发病呈相反方向重叠。结论:除重症病例外,急诊入院趋势与新冠肺炎发病率呈正相关。对感染的恐惧似乎使患者不愿因被认为不严重的疾病而进入急诊科。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric properties of the Telugu version of Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (RSES-T). 泰卢固语版Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES-T)的心理测量特征
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2564
A L Billa, J R Sukhabogi, D Doshi, S Jummala

Background: The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES) is the most commonly used tool for measuring global self-esteem. Till date, RSES has been translated into different languages and the reports are good for their validity and reliability. Telugu being the fourth most spoken language in India, it is timely to translate and validate the Telugu version of RSES. The aim of this study thus is to assess the psychometric properties of the Telugu version of Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES-T).

Study design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: This study was carried out to assess the psychometric properties of RSES-T among undergraduate students of a dental college. For this purpose, the English version of RSES was translated into Telugu and was administered to the participants along with the revised English version of Self-Liking/Self-Competence Scale (SL/SC-R) to evaluate the construct validity. The internal consistency of RSES-T was assessed using Cronbach´s α and the temporal stability was tested by test-retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the underlying dimensional structure of the questionnaire by assessing the cor-relation of RSES-T with SL/SC-R.

Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a positive one-factor structure with Model 3 showing the best fit to data. Internal consistency for RSES-T was found to be good with Cronbach's α of 0.82 at follow-up and the test-retest reliability was found to be satisfactory (0.42) after a two weeks' interval. Furthermore, the item-wise mean score differences showed higher scores for male students than females. Likewise, the item-total correlation of RSES-T showed positive correlation with scores varying from 0.17 to 0.69 at the follow-up.

Conclusion: The Telugu version of RSES exhibited a unidimensional structure and showed good psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency, construct validity and reliability. Hence, these findings provide empirical support to evaluate global self-esteem among Telugu speaking population in future.

背景:罗森博格自尊量表(Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, RSES)是全球范围内最常用的自尊测评工具。到目前为止,RSES已经被翻译成不同的语言,报告的有效性和可靠性都很好。泰卢固语是印度第四大语言,翻译和验证泰卢固语版本的RSES是及时的。因此,本研究的目的是评估泰卢固语版罗森博格自尊量表(RSES-T)的心理测量特性。研究设计:横断面研究。方法:采用RSES-T量表对某口腔专科本科学生进行心理测量。为此,我们将英语版的RSES翻译成泰卢固语,并将其与修订后的英语版《自我喜欢/自我能力量表》(SL/SC-R)一起发放给被试,以评估构念效度。采用Cronbach’s α评价RSES-T的内部一致性,采用重测信度检验时间稳定性。通过验证性因子分析,评估RSES-T与SL/SC-R的相关性,检验问卷的潜在维度结构。结果:验证性因子分析显示为正单因子结构,模型3与数据拟合最佳。RSES-T的内部一致性较好,随访时的Cronbach's α为0.82,两周后的重测信度为0.42。此外,单项平均得分差异显示男生得分高于女生。同样,RSES-T的项目-总相关也呈正相关,随访时得分在0.17 ~ 0.69之间。结论:泰卢固语版RSES量表具有单维结构,在内部一致性、结构效度和信度方面具有良好的心理测量特性。因此,这些研究结果为将来评估泰卢固语人群的整体自尊提供了实证支持。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation of self-esteem with oral hygiene behaviour and oral health status among adult dental patients. 成人牙科患者自尊与口腔卫生行为及口腔健康状况的相关性研究
IF 1.5 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2565
A L Billa, J R Sukhabogi, D Doshi, S Jummala, S S Turaga

Background: Self-esteem is a psychological construct that has been consistently linked to general and oral health. However, most studies interpolating self-esteem and oral health behaviour have been focused on children and adolescents, and there is a dearth of scientific literature on adults. Hence, this study, that is aimed to correlate self-esteem with oral hygiene behaviour and oral health status in Telugu-speaking adult dental patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving adult dental patients who were 35-44 years of age and visited the Government Dental Hospital in Hyderabad city, India, was conducted. Self-esteem was assessed using the Telugu-translated version of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, oral health behaviour was determined using the Oral Hygiene Behaviour Index and oral health assessment was performed using the World Health Organization Dentition status, the modified Community Periodontal Index and the Loss of Attachment.

Results: A total of 456 patients were included in this study. Most of the participants reported low self-esteem, with a mean score of 11.8 ± 2.7. Patients with primary school education reported higher self-esteem scores than those with high school and university education (p = 0.0001). Furthermore, low Oral Hygiene Behaviour Index scores (64.9%) in the study population and high Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth scores in females (5.7 ± 4.4; p = 0.09) were noted. None of the variables (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth scores, Oral Hygiene Behaviour, gingival bleeding and Loss of Attachment) were significantly correlated with self-esteem. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that younger age, lower educational level and presence of dental caries resulted in higher odds for high self-esteem (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: The findings indicated a significant association between self-esteem and oral health. Indivi-duals with dental caries had significantly higher odds for high self-esteem. Thus, this study emphasises the relevance of psychosocial factors, such as self-esteem, as the mediator of oral health.

背景:自尊是一种心理结构,一直与全身健康和口腔健康有关。然而,大多数关于自尊和口腔健康行为的研究都集中在儿童和青少年身上,缺乏关于成人的科学文献。因此,本研究旨在探讨泰卢格语成人牙科患者的自尊与口腔卫生行为和口腔健康状况的关系。方法:对在印度海德拉巴市政府牙科医院就诊的35-44岁成年牙科患者进行横断面研究。使用泰卢固语翻译版罗森博格自尊量表评估自尊,使用口腔卫生行为指数确定口腔健康行为,使用世界卫生组织牙齿状况、修订的社区牙周指数和依恋丧失进行口腔健康评估。结果:本研究共纳入456例患者。大多数参与者报告自卑,平均得分为11.8±2.7。小学教育程度患者自尊得分高于高中和大学教育程度患者(p = 0.0001)。此外,研究人群的口腔卫生行为指数得分较低(64.9%),女性龋缺牙补牙得分较高(5.7±4.4;P = 0.09)。没有一个变量(蛀牙、缺牙、补牙评分、口腔卫生行为、牙龈出血和依恋缺失)与自尊显著相关。多变量回归分析显示,年龄越小、受教育程度越低、龋齿发生率越高(p < 0.01)。结论:自尊对口腔健康有显著影响。有蛀牙的人拥有高自尊的几率明显更高。因此,本研究强调心理社会因素的相关性,如自尊,作为口腔健康的中介。
{"title":"Correlation of self-esteem with oral hygiene behaviour and oral health status among adult dental patients.","authors":"A L Billa, J R Sukhabogi, D Doshi, S Jummala, S S Turaga","doi":"10.7416/ai.2023.2565","DOIUrl":"10.7416/ai.2023.2565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Self-esteem is a psychological construct that has been consistently linked to general and oral health. However, most studies interpolating self-esteem and oral health behaviour have been focused on children and adolescents, and there is a dearth of scientific literature on adults. Hence, this study, that is aimed to correlate self-esteem with oral hygiene behaviour and oral health status in Telugu-speaking adult dental patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study involving adult dental patients who were 35-44 years of age and visited the Government Dental Hospital in Hyderabad city, India, was conducted. Self-esteem was assessed using the Telugu-translated version of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, oral health behaviour was determined using the Oral Hygiene Behaviour Index and oral health assessment was performed using the World Health Organization Dentition status, the modified Community Periodontal Index and the Loss of Attachment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 456 patients were included in this study. Most of the participants reported low self-esteem, with a mean score of 11.8 ± 2.7. Patients with primary school education reported higher self-esteem scores than those with high school and university education (p = 0.0001). Furthermore, low Oral Hygiene Behaviour Index scores (64.9%) in the study population and high Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth scores in females (5.7 ± 4.4; p = 0.09) were noted. None of the variables (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth scores, Oral Hygiene Behaviour, gingival bleeding and Loss of Attachment) were significantly correlated with self-esteem. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that younger age, lower educational level and presence of dental caries resulted in higher odds for high self-esteem (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicated a significant association between self-esteem and oral health. Indivi-duals with dental caries had significantly higher odds for high self-esteem. Thus, this study emphasises the relevance of psychosocial factors, such as self-esteem, as the mediator of oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":"35 5","pages":"534-545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9682887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Z-Drugs and their use in Drug-Facilitated Crimes: a review of the literature. Z-毒品及其在毒品犯罪中的应用:文献综述。
IF 2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.7417/CT.2023.2465
G Volonnino, R La Russa, N Di Fazio, M Ottaviani, M V Zamponi, F Spadazzi, F Umani-Ronchi

Background: Z-Drugs are a category of non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drugs that include Zolpidem, Zopiclone and Zaleplon. They are all rapidly adsorbed and have a very short half- life, features that make them first-line treatment of insomnia and, in the meantime, first-choice drugs in cases of poisoning for criminal purposes. Z-drugs are frequently use in Drug Facilitated Crime cases (DFC) and Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (DFSA), namely crimes, robberies, extortion and sexual violence committed after administration of incapacitating substances able to induce sedative-hypnotic effects. In these circumstances, the psychoactive substance is considered as a weapon and constitutes an aggravating circumstance in the criminal act: accordingly, judicial authority legitimates the analytical determination of these substances. Currently, few tests able to detect such drugs are available in daily clinical practice.

Aim: The aim of this work is to evaluate the effective utilization of Z-Drugs.

Methods: We have analyzed the literature, focusing on cases in which the criminal use of such incapacitating substances has been demonstrated. Relevant scientific articles were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE up to December 2022 using the following keywords: "z-drugs", "drug facilitated crime", "forensic toxicology". The resulting references were screened to exclude duplicates. In addition, non-English papers were excluded. This evaluation left 10 articles (8 case reports and 2 original studies) divided as follows: 1 case report of a DFC (robbery), 6 cases of confirmed DFSA, 3 cases of suspected DFSA, 2 original studies about DFC.

Results: The totality of the selected cases showed positive toxicological tests for a single intake of z-drugs.

Conclusions: This work has shown the limitations of screening tests currently in use in the emergency rooms. Forensic toxicology tests should be introduced in daily clinical practice.

背景:Z-Drugs是一类非苯二氮卓类镇静催眠药物,包括唑吡坦、佐匹克隆和扎勒普隆。它们都能迅速吸收,半衰期很短,这使它们成为失眠的一线治疗药物,同时也是犯罪中毒的首选药物。Z-毒品经常用于毒品协助犯罪案件(DFC)和毒品协助性侵犯案件(DFSA),即在服用能够诱导镇静催眠作用的致残物质后实施的犯罪、抢劫、勒索和性暴力。在这种情况下,精神活性物质被视为一种武器,构成犯罪行为中的加重情节:因此,司法当局使对这些物质的分析确定合法化。目前,在日常临床实践中,能够检测出此类药物的测试很少。目的:这项工作的目的是评估Z-Drugs的有效利用。方法:我们分析了文献,重点是已经证明犯罪使用此类致残物质的案例。截至2022年12月,相关科学文章使用以下关键词从PubMed、Cochrane Central、Scopus、Web of Science、Science Direct、EMBASE中检索到:“z毒品”、“毒品促成犯罪”、“法医毒理学”。筛选得到的参考文献以排除重复。此外,非英语论文也被排除在外。这项评估留下了10篇文章(8例病例报告和2项原始研究),分为:1例DFC(抢劫)病例报告,6例确诊DFSA,3例疑似DFSA,2项关于DFC的原始研究。结果:所有选定的病例对单次摄入z药物的毒理学测试呈阳性。结论:这项工作表明了目前在急诊室使用的筛查测试的局限性。应在日常临床实践中引入法医毒理学测试。
{"title":"Z-Drugs and their use in Drug-Facilitated Crimes: a review of the literature.","authors":"G Volonnino,&nbsp;R La Russa,&nbsp;N Di Fazio,&nbsp;M Ottaviani,&nbsp;M V Zamponi,&nbsp;F Spadazzi,&nbsp;F Umani-Ronchi","doi":"10.7417/CT.2023.2465","DOIUrl":"10.7417/CT.2023.2465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Z-Drugs are a category of non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic drugs that include Zolpidem, Zopiclone and Zaleplon. They are all rapidly adsorbed and have a very short half- life, features that make them first-line treatment of insomnia and, in the meantime, first-choice drugs in cases of poisoning for criminal purposes. Z-drugs are frequently use in Drug Facilitated Crime cases (DFC) and Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (DFSA), namely crimes, robberies, extortion and sexual violence committed after administration of incapacitating substances able to induce sedative-hypnotic effects. In these circumstances, the psychoactive substance is considered as a weapon and constitutes an aggravating circumstance in the criminal act: accordingly, judicial authority legitimates the analytical determination of these substances. Currently, few tests able to detect such drugs are available in daily clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this work is to evaluate the effective utilization of Z-Drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We have analyzed the literature, focusing on cases in which the criminal use of such incapacitating substances has been demonstrated. Relevant scientific articles were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE up to December 2022 using the following keywords: \"z-drugs\", \"drug facilitated crime\", \"forensic toxicology\". The resulting references were screened to exclude duplicates. In addition, non-English papers were excluded. This evaluation left 10 articles (8 case reports and 2 original studies) divided as follows: 1 case report of a DFC (robbery), 6 cases of confirmed DFSA, 3 cases of suspected DFSA, 2 original studies about DFC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The totality of the selected cases showed positive toxicological tests for a single intake of z-drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work has shown the limitations of screening tests currently in use in the emergency rooms. Forensic toxicology tests should be introduced in daily clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":7999,"journal":{"name":"Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita","volume":"174 5","pages":"451-468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41100202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Annali di igiene : medicina preventiva e di comunita
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