Abstract Starting from theoretical principles on the production of space and the role of perception, imagination, signification and their possible temporal overlap, the research addresses an innovative way of representing historical urban space. This, borrowing the sequentiality of the comic strip, intends to amplify its dynamics, transposing them beyond the pages and bringing them into a three-dimensional virtual environment for a synchronic narration of the transformations of the urban space over time.
{"title":"Synchronic Representation of Spaces as a Way to Understanding their Diachronic Evolution","authors":"R. Argiolas, V. Bagnolo, S. Cuccu, Andrea Manca","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Starting from theoretical principles on the production of space and the role of perception, imagination, signification and their possible temporal overlap, the research addresses an innovative way of representing historical urban space. This, borrowing the sequentiality of the comic strip, intends to amplify its dynamics, transposing them beyond the pages and bringing them into a three-dimensional virtual environment for a synchronic narration of the transformations of the urban space over time.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"16 1","pages":"5 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82889530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Presently, the expenditure on construction materials grows dramatically along with the enduring effect on the ecosystem, and it has led the academics to the recognition of natural plant fibres such as abaca fibre (AF) for enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete. AF is plentifully obtainable making it fairly relevant to be employed as a strengthening material in lightweight foamed concrete (LFC). Moreover, natural plant fibre-reinforced concrete has been progressively utilized in construction for several decades to decrease crack growth under the static load. This paper anticipates examining the effectiveness of the addition of AF in LFC to enhance its mechanical properties. LFC specimens of 550 kg/m3 density were reinforced with AF at weight fractions of 0.00%, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60%. Three parameters have been assessed which were flexural strength, compressive strength and tensile strength. The results revealed that adding 0.45% AF into LFC enables optimal compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths. The presence of AF augments material strength by filling spaces, micro-cracks, and gaps inside the LFC structure. Additionally, AF helped reduce crack spreading when the plastic state of the LFC cementitious matrix was loaded. Though, further, than the optimum level of AF addition, accumulation and the non-uniform distribution of AF were identified, which triggers the lowering of the LFC strength properties substantially. The output of this preliminary investigation would give a better understanding of the potential utilization of plant fibre in LFC. It is of great importance to drive the sustainable development and application of LFC material and infrastructures.
{"title":"Influence of Untreated Abaca Fibre on Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete","authors":"Md Azree Othuman Mydin","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Presently, the expenditure on construction materials grows dramatically along with the enduring effect on the ecosystem, and it has led the academics to the recognition of natural plant fibres such as abaca fibre (AF) for enhancing the mechanical properties of concrete. AF is plentifully obtainable making it fairly relevant to be employed as a strengthening material in lightweight foamed concrete (LFC). Moreover, natural plant fibre-reinforced concrete has been progressively utilized in construction for several decades to decrease crack growth under the static load. This paper anticipates examining the effectiveness of the addition of AF in LFC to enhance its mechanical properties. LFC specimens of 550 kg/m3 density were reinforced with AF at weight fractions of 0.00%, 0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45% and 0.60%. Three parameters have been assessed which were flexural strength, compressive strength and tensile strength. The results revealed that adding 0.45% AF into LFC enables optimal compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths. The presence of AF augments material strength by filling spaces, micro-cracks, and gaps inside the LFC structure. Additionally, AF helped reduce crack spreading when the plastic state of the LFC cementitious matrix was loaded. Though, further, than the optimum level of AF addition, accumulation and the non-uniform distribution of AF were identified, which triggers the lowering of the LFC strength properties substantially. The output of this preliminary investigation would give a better understanding of the potential utilization of plant fibre in LFC. It is of great importance to drive the sustainable development and application of LFC material and infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"50 1","pages":"51 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85653722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of the paper is to present outcomes of the first phase of the ongoing EU-funded Project BIMaHEAD focused on building digital readiness in higher education institutions as well as supporting students in AEC related degrees to adjust to the new online education environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic through integrating digital technologies with teaching and learning practices. An in-depth comparative analysis of 132 case studies focused on Building Information Modelling education in a Higher Education sector in Europe was completed and conclusions were drawn. A great amount of data was collected, studied, and analysed. The benchmarking analyses were fundamental for understanding the state of the art in the area, defining gaps and deficiencies, and rethinking teaching and learning methodologies. The findings also revealed evident differences in curricula as well as in the roles and responsibilities of main actors in the AEC sector in European countries. Therefore, they allowed to specify prerequisites and outline a vision of an open-access online platform to be developed within the second and third stages of the BIMaHEAD Project.
{"title":"Prerequisites for Building an Innovative Online Platform Supporting BIM Implementation in Higher Education","authors":"A. Kępczyńska-Walczak","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the paper is to present outcomes of the first phase of the ongoing EU-funded Project BIMaHEAD focused on building digital readiness in higher education institutions as well as supporting students in AEC related degrees to adjust to the new online education environment caused by the COVID-19 pandemic through integrating digital technologies with teaching and learning practices. An in-depth comparative analysis of 132 case studies focused on Building Information Modelling education in a Higher Education sector in Europe was completed and conclusions were drawn. A great amount of data was collected, studied, and analysed. The benchmarking analyses were fundamental for understanding the state of the art in the area, defining gaps and deficiencies, and rethinking teaching and learning methodologies. The findings also revealed evident differences in curricula as well as in the roles and responsibilities of main actors in the AEC sector in European countries. Therefore, they allowed to specify prerequisites and outline a vision of an open-access online platform to be developed within the second and third stages of the BIMaHEAD Project.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"249 1","pages":"43 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76985589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arunthathi Sendilvadivelu, B. Dhandapani, Sivapriya Vijayasimhan
Abstract The increase in population and industrialization leads to an increase in the solid waste year by year. The limited availability, increasing cost and adverse effect of climate change on fossil fuel leads to encouraging the research in the field of finding alternatives for energy sources. The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) can be utilized as a bio-energy source, which reduces the environmental impact and the requirement of landfill areas to dispose of municipal solid waste. Anaerobic digestion is the widely used sustainable approach to treat OFMSW. In recent years, the generation of methane from municipal solid waste has received increasing attention in research. This paper reviews literature published in recent years considering various characteristics of input feedstock parameters like pH, total solids, volatile solids, and water content which affect the digestion quality of the OFMSW and increase the production of methane. A regression model is developed to identify the relationship between methane production and various feedstock parameters. When the chemical compositions of feedstock were used as independent variables, the percentage variation accounted for by the model is low (r2 = 0.63) and also the important observation from the analysis is that the pH of the feedstock influences majorly methane production.
{"title":"A Short Review on Feedstock Characteristics in Methane Production from Municipal Solid Waste","authors":"Arunthathi Sendilvadivelu, B. Dhandapani, Sivapriya Vijayasimhan","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The increase in population and industrialization leads to an increase in the solid waste year by year. The limited availability, increasing cost and adverse effect of climate change on fossil fuel leads to encouraging the research in the field of finding alternatives for energy sources. The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) can be utilized as a bio-energy source, which reduces the environmental impact and the requirement of landfill areas to dispose of municipal solid waste. Anaerobic digestion is the widely used sustainable approach to treat OFMSW. In recent years, the generation of methane from municipal solid waste has received increasing attention in research. This paper reviews literature published in recent years considering various characteristics of input feedstock parameters like pH, total solids, volatile solids, and water content which affect the digestion quality of the OFMSW and increase the production of methane. A regression model is developed to identify the relationship between methane production and various feedstock parameters. When the chemical compositions of feedstock were used as independent variables, the percentage variation accounted for by the model is low (r2 = 0.63) and also the important observation from the analysis is that the pH of the feedstock influences majorly methane production.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"34 1","pages":"75 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82322077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper presents the adiabatic installation of compressed gases energy storage. The authors present the results of analyzes for this type of installation due to the selection of thermal storage material. The simulations were carried out for basalt, granite and ceramics (alumina) as well as for porosity value from 0.375 to 0.39 of basalt-filled reservoirs in Thermal Energy Storage (TES) installation. Characteristics of outlet air temperature, air pressure drop amount of energy stored and external heat losses as a time functions during the charging phase are presented. The research indicated that due to the lowest density and average heat capacity of the materials studied, granite has the fastest and most intense physical exit loss from the storage tank which was approximately 1100 W. However, there was no significant effect on air pressure drop depending on the chosen accumulation materials. The effect of rock bed porosity on the pressure drop of flowing air was investigated. For a constant mass flow rate, pressure drop values ranging from 2200 Pa to 6200 Pa were obtained depending on the porosity value.
{"title":"Role of Thermal Energy Storage Technology in the Decarbonization of Energy Sector Process – Packed Rock Bed Parameters Analysis","authors":"J. Ochmann, Michał Jurczyk, Ł. Bartela","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents the adiabatic installation of compressed gases energy storage. The authors present the results of analyzes for this type of installation due to the selection of thermal storage material. The simulations were carried out for basalt, granite and ceramics (alumina) as well as for porosity value from 0.375 to 0.39 of basalt-filled reservoirs in Thermal Energy Storage (TES) installation. Characteristics of outlet air temperature, air pressure drop amount of energy stored and external heat losses as a time functions during the charging phase are presented. The research indicated that due to the lowest density and average heat capacity of the materials studied, granite has the fastest and most intense physical exit loss from the storage tank which was approximately 1100 W. However, there was no significant effect on air pressure drop depending on the chosen accumulation materials. The effect of rock bed porosity on the pressure drop of flowing air was investigated. For a constant mass flow rate, pressure drop values ranging from 2200 Pa to 6200 Pa were obtained depending on the porosity value.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"4 1","pages":"65 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89325103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract New Internet technologies allow building relationships via social networks and lessening social exclusion. While researching the needs of the residents of the building of the Day Care Home for Elderly and Sick People in Tarnowskie Góry, the author analyzed the possibilities of using information and communication technologies (ICT) to expand the institution’s offer and increase the number of residents. The essence of the study was to determine the social needs of seniors and to check what forms of Internet activities are possible. The interaction with the Day Care Home participants via the Internet requires appropriate space organization. Therefore, it was important to check whether seniors are ready for new forms of social interactions and if they are willing to acquire new knowledge and to further expand their skills. The subject discussed in the article was part of a broader study on the analysis of the needs of seniors to reorganize the space in the building and its surroundings. The research tools used have shown how important it is for seniors to establish analog contacts and build friendships during joint meetings and games. Research shows the degree of use of basic digital tools and the limitations of learning new digital tools. At the same time, the dynamics of changes within this age group is visible. There is also a noticeable need for a flexible approach to urban and architectural solutions, allowing for changes in the near future without large investment expenditures. The results of this research were confronted with the results of the study on the use of technology during COVID-19.
{"title":"The Use of ICT, Development of the Offer and Spatial Changes in the Building of the Day Care Home for Elderly and Sick in Tarnowskie Góry (Poland), Case Study","authors":"Sylwia Widzisz-Pronobis","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract New Internet technologies allow building relationships via social networks and lessening social exclusion. While researching the needs of the residents of the building of the Day Care Home for Elderly and Sick People in Tarnowskie Góry, the author analyzed the possibilities of using information and communication technologies (ICT) to expand the institution’s offer and increase the number of residents. The essence of the study was to determine the social needs of seniors and to check what forms of Internet activities are possible. The interaction with the Day Care Home participants via the Internet requires appropriate space organization. Therefore, it was important to check whether seniors are ready for new forms of social interactions and if they are willing to acquire new knowledge and to further expand their skills. The subject discussed in the article was part of a broader study on the analysis of the needs of seniors to reorganize the space in the building and its surroundings. The research tools used have shown how important it is for seniors to establish analog contacts and build friendships during joint meetings and games. Research shows the degree of use of basic digital tools and the limitations of learning new digital tools. At the same time, the dynamics of changes within this age group is visible. There is also a noticeable need for a flexible approach to urban and architectural solutions, allowing for changes in the near future without large investment expenditures. The results of this research were confronted with the results of the study on the use of technology during COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"32 1","pages":"31 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79401051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The building sector consumes one-third of global final energy and emits nearly 40% of total CO2 emission. To decrease those numbers, it is necessary to design sustainable buildings, which have low heat and cooling demand. The Passive House standard was designed to meet these requirements however, some imperfections were observed. Therefore, a new approach the “be 2226” standard was put forward. This paper presents major architectural differences of those concepts and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. The main purpose is to develop guidelines how to design energy-efficient passive architecture. The Author used own mixed research method that included literature studies, analyses of technical documentation, in situ examinations, own measurements, and infrared tests. The comparison of two passive standards established strong, proven solutions, as well as incompatibilities and flows of each standard. The research main findings are that all buildings should be built in the passive manner and it would be beneficial to implement mixed standard. The main conclusion is that architectural creation has a great impact on passive solutions in buildings.
{"title":"Architectural Comparison of Chosen Passive Building Standards","authors":"Ada KOŁODZIEJCZYK-KĘSOŃ","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The building sector consumes one-third of global final energy and emits nearly 40% of total CO2 emission. To decrease those numbers, it is necessary to design sustainable buildings, which have low heat and cooling demand. The Passive House standard was designed to meet these requirements however, some imperfections were observed. Therefore, a new approach the “be 2226” standard was put forward. This paper presents major architectural differences of those concepts and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. The main purpose is to develop guidelines how to design energy-efficient passive architecture. The Author used own mixed research method that included literature studies, analyses of technical documentation, in situ examinations, own measurements, and infrared tests. The comparison of two passive standards established strong, proven solutions, as well as incompatibilities and flows of each standard. The research main findings are that all buildings should be built in the passive manner and it would be beneficial to implement mixed standard. The main conclusion is that architectural creation has a great impact on passive solutions in buildings.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"33 1","pages":"5 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81014465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Problems related to air quality in large urban agglomerations (e.g., high concentration of pollutants, the urban heat island phenomenon) make it necessary to take comprehensive measures to improve air exchange in urban areas. The paper concerns the relationship between wind phenomena observable in cities and the geometrical features of building development. The knowledge on the subject is already well-founded and has been intensively developed. Regardless, it remains relatively poorly applied to urban planning. Based on the analysis of source literature, the classification of features and spatial elements of building development that are crucial for ventilation is conducted in the following paper. Five different cities are also analyzed regarding how the air exchange improvement policy should be pursued through conscious building development shaping. The cities selected for analysis include Warsaw and Cracow in Poland, a large agglomeration of New Dehli in India, the experimental Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, and the newly designed Jätkäsaaridistrict of Helsinki. Based on the example of the above cities, the paper investigates the possibilities of combining spatial features of building development that are essential to aerodynamics, in order to create effective ventilation systems.
{"title":"Morphology of Building Development as an Element of Urban Ventialtion System","authors":"K. Zielonko-Jung, Mariya Veronika Mochulska","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Problems related to air quality in large urban agglomerations (e.g., high concentration of pollutants, the urban heat island phenomenon) make it necessary to take comprehensive measures to improve air exchange in urban areas. The paper concerns the relationship between wind phenomena observable in cities and the geometrical features of building development. The knowledge on the subject is already well-founded and has been intensively developed. Regardless, it remains relatively poorly applied to urban planning. Based on the analysis of source literature, the classification of features and spatial elements of building development that are crucial for ventilation is conducted in the following paper. Five different cities are also analyzed regarding how the air exchange improvement policy should be pursued through conscious building development shaping. The cities selected for analysis include Warsaw and Cracow in Poland, a large agglomeration of New Dehli in India, the experimental Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, and the newly designed Jätkäsaaridistrict of Helsinki. Based on the example of the above cities, the paper investigates the possibilities of combining spatial features of building development that are essential to aerodynamics, in order to create effective ventilation systems.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"57 1","pages":"71 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83056217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Due to the so-called road run-off, many various contaminants including Bisphenol A (BPA) and Pyrene (PYR) could enter the environment and retention basins. It was also suggested in the literature that their removal by using conventional treatment methods could be problematic, and modern techniques should be developed. In this study, the first attempt to remove BPA and PYR by using ultrasonication as a single process and with UV irradiation assistance was performed. The results showed that after 30 min of sonication, the degradation rate of BPA reached 92% while PYR was completely removed, however, after 1 min of the treatment degradation rate of BPA was significantly higher than PYR. In the study effect of pulsed ultrasound was also evaluated and it was found that its effectiveness in micropollutants removal could be higher than ultrasonication in continuous mode. Research revealed that the maximum removal rate of BPA and PYR was obtained during the ultrasonication process combined with UV irradiation-30 min of treatment resulted in 95% of BPA degradation. However, toxicity assessment showed that with an increase in the treatment time, an increase of toxic effects occurs. This phenomenon might be related to degradation of by-products formation which were identified in the study.
{"title":"Degradation of Bisphenol A and Pyrene from Highway Retention Basin Water Using Ultrasound Enhanced by UV Irradiation","authors":"Jakub Copik, E. Kudlek, M. Dudziak","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Due to the so-called road run-off, many various contaminants including Bisphenol A (BPA) and Pyrene (PYR) could enter the environment and retention basins. It was also suggested in the literature that their removal by using conventional treatment methods could be problematic, and modern techniques should be developed. In this study, the first attempt to remove BPA and PYR by using ultrasonication as a single process and with UV irradiation assistance was performed. The results showed that after 30 min of sonication, the degradation rate of BPA reached 92% while PYR was completely removed, however, after 1 min of the treatment degradation rate of BPA was significantly higher than PYR. In the study effect of pulsed ultrasound was also evaluated and it was found that its effectiveness in micropollutants removal could be higher than ultrasonication in continuous mode. Research revealed that the maximum removal rate of BPA and PYR was obtained during the ultrasonication process combined with UV irradiation-30 min of treatment resulted in 95% of BPA degradation. However, toxicity assessment showed that with an increase in the treatment time, an increase of toxic effects occurs. This phenomenon might be related to degradation of by-products formation which were identified in the study.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"12 1","pages":"135 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87246828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The transformation of post-industrial areas of coal mines has been going on for over 80 years. Despite years of discussion and various international experiences, effective instruments and best practices for brownfields are still being sought. Today, in the face of rapidly changing social and environmental conditions, it is necessary to rethink the future of coal regions. To meet the challenges ahead, all experiences must be critically analysed and confronted with land development. This paper shows the main directions of decommissioned coal mines areas in the Silesian Agglomeration. For this purpose, it was necessary to identify closed mines’ areas and recognise they present land use. The research is based on a query of archival and library materials, field research, the author’s classification of land use, and cartographic and quantitative research. The study shows that the main direction of land use is industry (about 48.3%) and services (24.4%). Furthermore, until today more than half of the post-industrial land is undeveloped by mining facilities, and only about 7.4% of it is prepared for potential investment.
{"title":"The Land Use of Decommissioned Coal Mines Areas in the Upper Silesian Agglomeration (Poland)","authors":"A. Wyrzykowska","doi":"10.2478/acee-2022-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2022-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The transformation of post-industrial areas of coal mines has been going on for over 80 years. Despite years of discussion and various international experiences, effective instruments and best practices for brownfields are still being sought. Today, in the face of rapidly changing social and environmental conditions, it is necessary to rethink the future of coal regions. To meet the challenges ahead, all experiences must be critically analysed and confronted with land development. This paper shows the main directions of decommissioned coal mines areas in the Silesian Agglomeration. For this purpose, it was necessary to identify closed mines’ areas and recognise they present land use. The research is based on a query of archival and library materials, field research, the author’s classification of land use, and cartographic and quantitative research. The study shows that the main direction of land use is industry (about 48.3%) and services (24.4%). Furthermore, until today more than half of the post-industrial land is undeveloped by mining facilities, and only about 7.4% of it is prepared for potential investment.","PeriodicalId":8117,"journal":{"name":"Architecture Civil Engineering Environment","volume":"17 1","pages":"57 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83491105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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