Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.090105
Paul Leniko Lanyasunya, Eric C. Njagi, Joel Gichumbi, Fredrick O. Ogolla
This study, conducted at the Mkwiro seaweed farm in Kwale County, Kenya, aimed to assess the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd and Pb) and essential elements (Na, Fe, Ca, and K) in selected edible seaweed species. The study used a cross-sectional, descriptive research design and probability sampling method to collect data. Seaweed samples of three selected species, Cottonii (Kappaphycus alvarezii), Sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca), and Bubble-green seaweed (Boergesenia forbesii) were collected in quadrants and subjected to chemical analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using R Studio version 4.3.2, with a significance level set at α=0.05. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in lead concentrations among seaweed types (χ² (2) = 7.01, p = 0.03). Cadmium concentrations did not show significant differences (χ² (2) = 3.88, p = 0.14). For calcium concentrations, ANOVA indicated no significant effect of seaweed type (F (2,33) = 0.6381, p = 0.5347). Iron concentrations differed significantly among seaweed types (χ² (2) = 23.35, p = 0.00000849), with B. forbesii having the highest median concentration. Potassium and sodium concentrations did not significantly vary among seaweed types (p > 0.05). The study uncovers elevated cadmium levels in seaweed, indicating potential contamination risks. However, concentrations of essential elements were lower. To address these findings, it is recommended to initiate regular monitoring and pollution control measures in seaweed farms. Additionally, diversifying cultivation with low-metal species can enhance product safety and quality.
本研究在肯尼亚夸莱县的 Mkwiro 海藻养殖场进行，旨在评估选定的可食用海藻物种中重金属（镉和铅）和必需元素（Na、Fe、Ca 和 K）的浓度。研究采用横断面描述性研究设计和概率抽样法收集数据。研究人员按象限采集了三个选定品种的海藻样本，即棉花菜（Kappaphycus alvarezii）、海莴苣（Ulva lactuca）和泡泡绿海藻（Boergesenia forbesii），并对其进行了化学分析。使用 R Studio 4.3.2 版进行统计分析，显著性水平设定为 α=0.05。Kruskal-Wallis 检验显示，不同类型海藻的铅浓度存在显著差异（χ² (2) = 7.01，p = 0.03）。镉浓度未显示出显著差异（χ² (2) = 3.88，p = 0.14）。方差分析表明，海藻类型对钙浓度无显著影响 (F (2,33) = 0.6381, p = 0.5347)。不同类型海藻的铁浓度差异很大（χ² (2) = 23.35, p = 0.00000849），其中福寿螺的铁浓度中位数最高。钾和钠的浓度在不同海藻类型之间没有明显差异（p > 0.05）。研究发现，海藻中的镉含量较高，表明存在潜在的污染风险。不过，基本元素的浓度较低。针对这些发现，建议对海藻养殖场进行定期监测并采取污染控制措施。此外，使用低金属物种进行多样化种植可提高产品安全和质量。
{"title":"Variation in heavy metals concentrations among seaweed species from Mkwiro seaweed farm, Kwale County, Kenya","authors":"Paul Leniko Lanyasunya, Eric C. Njagi, Joel Gichumbi, Fredrick O. Ogolla","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.090105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.090105","url":null,"abstract":"This study, conducted at the Mkwiro seaweed farm in Kwale County, Kenya, aimed to assess the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd and Pb) and essential elements (Na, Fe, Ca, and K) in selected edible seaweed species. The study used a cross-sectional, descriptive research design and probability sampling method to collect data. Seaweed samples of three selected species, Cottonii (Kappaphycus alvarezii), Sea lettuce (Ulva lactuca), and Bubble-green seaweed (Boergesenia forbesii) were collected in quadrants and subjected to chemical analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using R Studio version 4.3.2, with a significance level set at α=0.05. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in lead concentrations among seaweed types (χ² (2) = 7.01, p = 0.03). Cadmium concentrations did not show significant differences (χ² (2) = 3.88, p = 0.14). For calcium concentrations, ANOVA indicated no significant effect of seaweed type (F (2,33) = 0.6381, p = 0.5347). Iron concentrations differed significantly among seaweed types (χ² (2) = 23.35, p = 0.00000849), with B. forbesii having the highest median concentration. Potassium and sodium concentrations did not significantly vary among seaweed types (p > 0.05). The study uncovers elevated cadmium levels in seaweed, indicating potential contamination risks. However, concentrations of essential elements were lower. To address these findings, it is recommended to initiate regular monitoring and pollution control measures in seaweed farms. Additionally, diversifying cultivation with low-metal species can enhance product safety and quality.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"111 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.0901020
Mohammad Ashraful Alam, M. R. Ullah, Flura, Md. Hashibur Rahman, Md. Moniruzzaman, Md. Abu Kawser Didar, Md. Tarek, Md. Amirul Islam, Md. Zulfikar Ali
Hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha, a cherished and economically vital species, thrives in the waters of Bangladesh. It holds a prominent role in bolstering the nation's food security and influencing the ecological dynamics of aquatic ecosystems along the Bangladeshi coast and estuaries. This comprehensive study encompasses data collection efforts on the Hilsa fish species, conducted at 12 commercial landing centers throughout Bangladesh over the course of 2020. The study describes some fundamental components, including length frequency distribution, length-weight relationships, and condition factors, offers invaluable insights into the growth, health, and overall well-being of Hilsa population. Notably, the length-weight relationship analysis revealed size ranges of 11.5-59.2 cm and 11.0-49.0 cm total length for females and males, respectively. The observed b values indicated positive allometric growth (b > 3.00) for female population and negative allometric growth (b < 3.00) for male population in the length-weight relationship. Among the condition factors scrutinized, Fulton's condition factor emerged as the most reliable indicator for assessing the health and condition of the Hilsa population. This study offers valuable insights for biologists, aiding in the assessment of the species' status and providing essential information for fishery biologists and conservation biologists. Such insights are instrumental in the management and ultimate conservation of this iconic species in Bangladesh.
{"title":"Length frequency distribution, length-weight relationship and condition factors of Hilsa Shad, Tenualosa ilisha from Bangladesh","authors":"Mohammad Ashraful Alam, M. R. Ullah, Flura, Md. Hashibur Rahman, Md. Moniruzzaman, Md. Abu Kawser Didar, Md. Tarek, Md. Amirul Islam, Md. Zulfikar Ali","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901020","url":null,"abstract":"Hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha, a cherished and economically vital species, thrives in the waters of Bangladesh. It holds a prominent role in bolstering the nation's food security and influencing the ecological dynamics of aquatic ecosystems along the Bangladeshi coast and estuaries. This comprehensive study encompasses data collection efforts on the Hilsa fish species, conducted at 12 commercial landing centers throughout Bangladesh over the course of 2020. The study describes some fundamental components, including length frequency distribution, length-weight relationships, and condition factors, offers invaluable insights into the growth, health, and overall well-being of Hilsa population. Notably, the length-weight relationship analysis revealed size ranges of 11.5-59.2 cm and 11.0-49.0 cm total length for females and males, respectively. The observed b values indicated positive allometric growth (b > 3.00) for female population and negative allometric growth (b < 3.00) for male population in the length-weight relationship. Among the condition factors scrutinized, Fulton's condition factor emerged as the most reliable indicator for assessing the health and condition of the Hilsa population. This study offers valuable insights for biologists, aiding in the assessment of the species' status and providing essential information for fishery biologists and conservation biologists. Such insights are instrumental in the management and ultimate conservation of this iconic species in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 1239","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.0901010
O. A. Umeh, C. Q. Ani, J. I. Ulasi, I. S. Umeh, E. R. Keyagha
The aim of the study was to compare the growth rates of various pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) accessions. Pumpkins from Aku I, Aku II, Awka, Ifite-Ogwari Nsukka I, and Nsukka II were the various accessions. A field study was conducted at the Ifite-Ogwari Campus of Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Anambra State. The experiment was laid out using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. As experimental sample units, two (2) of the middle-most plants in each polybag were cut off and tagged. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze data on vegetative growth factors at a 5% probability level and the treatment means were divided using the least significant difference (LSD 0.05). The result of the experiment revealed that all of the pumpkin accessions performed similarly in terms of the amount of time it took for them to emerge after sowing, their percentage of emergence, and their overall vegetative growth. None of the accessions were statistically different with respect to their emergence and growth parameters. However, the growth parameter evaluations were dominated, on average, by pumpkin accession from Nsukka (I and II) pumpkins. In addition, the Aku II pumpkin had the shortest days-to-emergence (3.33 days) and the greatest mean percentage of emergence (100%). Conversely, Aku I pumpkin consistently performed the lowest when it came to the factors that were looked at. For a comprehensive characterization of C. maxima, additional research at the molecular and genomic levels is advised including a greater number of accessions.
这项研究的目的是比较各种南瓜（Cucurbita maxima L.）品种的生长率。来自阿库 I 号、阿库 II 号、阿卡、Ifitite-Ogwari Nsukka I 号和 Nsukka II 号的南瓜是不同的品种。在阿南布拉州纳姆迪-阿齐基韦大学伊菲特-奥格瓦里校区进行了实地研究。实验采用完全随机设计（CRD），三次重复。作为实验样本单位，每个多层袋中最中间的两 (2) 株被剪下并贴上标签。采用方差分析（ANOVA）对无性系生长因子的数据进行分析，概率水平为 5%，处理均值采用最小显著性差异（LSD 0.05）进行划分。实验结果表明，所有南瓜品种在播种后的出苗时间、出苗率和整体无性生长方面表现相似。没有一个品种在出苗和生长参数方面存在统计学差异。不过，平均而言，生长参数评估以 Nsukka（I 和 II）南瓜品种为主。此外，Aku II 南瓜的出苗天数最短（3.33 天），平均出苗率最高（100%）。与此相反，Aku I 南瓜在所考察的因素中一直表现最低。为了全面描述 C. maxima 的特征，建议在分子和基因组水平上开展更多的研究，包括更多的品种。
{"title":"Examination of the diversity in pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) growth accessions in south-eastern Nigeria","authors":"O. A. Umeh, C. Q. Ani, J. I. Ulasi, I. S. Umeh, E. R. Keyagha","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901010","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare the growth rates of various pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) accessions. Pumpkins from Aku I, Aku II, Awka, Ifite-Ogwari Nsukka I, and Nsukka II were the various accessions. A field study was conducted at the Ifite-Ogwari Campus of Nnamdi Azikiwe University in Anambra State. The experiment was laid out using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. As experimental sample units, two (2) of the middle-most plants in each polybag were cut off and tagged. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze data on vegetative growth factors at a 5% probability level and the treatment means were divided using the least significant difference (LSD 0.05). The result of the experiment revealed that all of the pumpkin accessions performed similarly in terms of the amount of time it took for them to emerge after sowing, their percentage of emergence, and their overall vegetative growth. None of the accessions were statistically different with respect to their emergence and growth parameters. However, the growth parameter evaluations were dominated, on average, by pumpkin accession from Nsukka (I and II) pumpkins. In addition, the Aku II pumpkin had the shortest days-to-emergence (3.33 days) and the greatest mean percentage of emergence (100%). Conversely, Aku I pumpkin consistently performed the lowest when it came to the factors that were looked at. For a comprehensive characterization of C. maxima, additional research at the molecular and genomic levels is advised including a greater number of accessions.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 84","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study conducted between January and June 2022 aimed to assess the impact of precipitation on Bactrocera minax, a citrus pest, in Nepal's Solukhumbu and Sindhuli districts. Primary data were gathered from 84 respondents using pre-tested interview schedules, focal group discussions (FGD), and key informant interviews (KII), while secondary information was collected through literature review. The results highlighted the Chinese citrus fruit fly as a significant citrus pest causing fruit drop, particularly impacting Mandarin cultivation after sweet orange displacement. Farmers in Sindhuli exhibited greater motivation and trust in citrus cultivation compared to those in Solukhumbu. Notably, the fruit drop was lower (4.33%) in Sindhuli where the Area-wide Management Program (AWCP) utilizing protein bait and field sanitation was applied, in contrast to Solukhumbu where fruit drop was higher (35.5%), suggesting the effectiveness of AWCP. The PMAMP Sindhuli super zone played a direct role in the study, with respondents in Sindhuli demonstrating higher awareness of Chinese citrus fruit flies and AWCP. Technical and financial support for citrus cultivation was also more prevalent in Sindhuli. Furthermore, the study found that the majority of respondents perceived protein bait (AWCP) as the most straightforward, effective, and expensive management method, despite its limited application in Solukhumbu. This study underscores the importance of AWCP in mitigating citrus pest infestation, particularly in areas with high precipitation, and emphasizes the need for broader adoption of effective management strategies in citrus cultivation regions.
{"title":"Farmer’s perception on Chinese citrus fruit fly (CFFs) and its management in Solukhumbu and Sindhuli district of Nepal","authors":"Sujan Limbu, Bishnu Yadav, Raju Khatri, Chandani Sunuwar, Anish Subedi","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901016","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducted between January and June 2022 aimed to assess the impact of precipitation on Bactrocera minax, a citrus pest, in Nepal's Solukhumbu and Sindhuli districts. Primary data were gathered from 84 respondents using pre-tested interview schedules, focal group discussions (FGD), and key informant interviews (KII), while secondary information was collected through literature review. The results highlighted the Chinese citrus fruit fly as a significant citrus pest causing fruit drop, particularly impacting Mandarin cultivation after sweet orange displacement. Farmers in Sindhuli exhibited greater motivation and trust in citrus cultivation compared to those in Solukhumbu. Notably, the fruit drop was lower (4.33%) in Sindhuli where the Area-wide Management Program (AWCP) utilizing protein bait and field sanitation was applied, in contrast to Solukhumbu where fruit drop was higher (35.5%), suggesting the effectiveness of AWCP. The PMAMP Sindhuli super zone played a direct role in the study, with respondents in Sindhuli demonstrating higher awareness of Chinese citrus fruit flies and AWCP. Technical and financial support for citrus cultivation was also more prevalent in Sindhuli. Furthermore, the study found that the majority of respondents perceived protein bait (AWCP) as the most straightforward, effective, and expensive management method, despite its limited application in Solukhumbu. This study underscores the importance of AWCP in mitigating citrus pest infestation, particularly in areas with high precipitation, and emphasizes the need for broader adoption of effective management strategies in citrus cultivation regions.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.0901027
Bipin Bastakoti
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a vital cereal crop worldwide, crucial for global food security and various industrial applications. Its cultivation faces significant challenges from a diverse array of insect pests and pathogens, notably including the maize leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) and the maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV). This paper explores the intricate interactions among maize, its insect vectors, and MDMV, emphasizing the urgent need for a deeper understanding to develop sustainable management strategies. Maize exhibits vast genetic diversity and is cultivated across diverse environments, making it susceptible to a range of pests and diseases. The transmission of MDMV by aphids, particularly R. maidis, poses a significant threat to maize production globally. The complex tripartite interaction between maize, aphids, and MDMV serves as an ideal model system for studying plant-insect-phytopathogen interactions. Understanding the components of this interaction is critical for developing effective management strategies. Despite significant research efforts, there remains a knowledge gap in the molecular mechanisms underlying vector-borne diseases. Further research on the molecular level is essential for identifying specific targets for genetic pest control and disrupting pathogen transmission by insect vectors. Developing countries, in particular, require intensified research efforts to address the growing challenges to food security and agricultural sustainability. Thus, unraveling the complexities of plant-insect-phytopathogen interactions is essential for devising effective strategies to combat vector-borne diseases and sustain global food systems. Enhanced scientific research, especially in developing regions, is crucial for addressing these challenges and ensuring food security for future generations.
{"title":"An ideal model of plant-vector-phytopathogen interaction and the management of the vector","authors":"Bipin Bastakoti","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901027","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (Zea mays L.) is a vital cereal crop worldwide, crucial for global food security and various industrial applications. Its cultivation faces significant challenges from a diverse array of insect pests and pathogens, notably including the maize leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) and the maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV). This paper explores the intricate interactions among maize, its insect vectors, and MDMV, emphasizing the urgent need for a deeper understanding to develop sustainable management strategies. Maize exhibits vast genetic diversity and is cultivated across diverse environments, making it susceptible to a range of pests and diseases. The transmission of MDMV by aphids, particularly R. maidis, poses a significant threat to maize production globally. The complex tripartite interaction between maize, aphids, and MDMV serves as an ideal model system for studying plant-insect-phytopathogen interactions. Understanding the components of this interaction is critical for developing effective management strategies. Despite significant research efforts, there remains a knowledge gap in the molecular mechanisms underlying vector-borne diseases. Further research on the molecular level is essential for identifying specific targets for genetic pest control and disrupting pathogen transmission by insect vectors. Developing countries, in particular, require intensified research efforts to address the growing challenges to food security and agricultural sustainability. Thus, unraveling the complexities of plant-insect-phytopathogen interactions is essential for devising effective strategies to combat vector-borne diseases and sustain global food systems. Enhanced scientific research, especially in developing regions, is crucial for addressing these challenges and ensuring food security for future generations.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farmers in Lamjung have been unable to maximize okra performance and yield due to being unaware of the ideal fertilizer dosage. A field experiment was carried out at Sundarbazar-7, Lamjung during the period from March to June 2023 to understand the optimal N level to enhance the growth and yield of okra. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to set up the experiment with the seven treatments viz. control, 40, 55, 70, 85, 100, and 115 kg N ha-1 each had three replications. A hybrid variety Arka Anamika mostly used by farmers in Lamjung was used. Recorded data on yield and yield contributing parameters were subjected to statistical analysis and results revealed a significant effect of the treatments on the yield and yield attributes of okra. Plants treated with T6(100 kg N ha-1) had the highest number of fruits per plant (13.10), fruit length (15.84cm), weight of a single pod (15.84 g), and total fruit yield of 14.74 t ha-1. The lowest number of fruits per plant (7.93), fruit length (9.29 cm), single fruit weight (9.29 g), and yield (8.12 t ha-1) were recorded from the control treatment T1 (0 kg N ha-1). Meanwhile, the impact of treatment T6 (100 kg N ha-1) was found to be effective compared to other treatments under study. Based on these findings, the experiment suggests okra farmers to use 100 kg N ha-1 to maximize okra performance and yield considering the soil health.
{"title":"Effect of different nitrogen levels on yield and yield attributes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)","authors":"Saraswata Pokhrel, Biplab Neupane, Sujan Chapagain","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Farmers in Lamjung have been unable to maximize okra performance and yield due to being unaware of the ideal fertilizer dosage. A field experiment was carried out at Sundarbazar-7, Lamjung during the period from March to June 2023 to understand the optimal N level to enhance the growth and yield of okra. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to set up the experiment with the seven treatments viz. control, 40, 55, 70, 85, 100, and 115 kg N ha-1 each had three replications. A hybrid variety Arka Anamika mostly used by farmers in Lamjung was used. Recorded data on yield and yield contributing parameters were subjected to statistical analysis and results revealed a significant effect of the treatments on the yield and yield attributes of okra. Plants treated with T6(100 kg N ha-1) had the highest number of fruits per plant (13.10), fruit length (15.84cm), weight of a single pod (15.84 g), and total fruit yield of 14.74 t ha-1. The lowest number of fruits per plant (7.93), fruit length (9.29 cm), single fruit weight (9.29 g), and yield (8.12 t ha-1) were recorded from the control treatment T1 (0 kg N ha-1). Meanwhile, the impact of treatment T6 (100 kg N ha-1) was found to be effective compared to other treatments under study. Based on these findings, the experiment suggests okra farmers to use 100 kg N ha-1 to maximize okra performance and yield considering the soil health.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 1091","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.0901023
Niharika Chaudhary, Kamal Kafle, Biju Adhikari, Saroj Sapkota
A research study was conducted to investigate the impact of varying levels of boron and molybdenum on the growth and yield parameters of the Silvercup-60 variety of cauliflower in the fields of Luham, Salyan during the winter season of 2022. The experiment comprised seven treatments arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each replication included seven treatments denoted as follows: T1 (Control), T2 (Borax @10 kg/ha), T3 (Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha), T4 (Borax @10 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha), T5 (Borax @10 kg + Ammonium Molybdate @2 kg/ha), T6 (Borax @20 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha), and T7 (Borax @20 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @2 kg/ha), representing different doses of boron and molybdenum. Various growth parameters, including plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, and leaf width, were recorded at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 55 days post-transplanting, along with yield parameters such as curd diameter and curd yield. Notably, treatment T4 (Borax @10 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha) exhibited significantly superior curd diameter (19.03 cm) and yield (16.41 mt/ha) compared to the control group, while the control group yielded the lowest values for these parameters. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the application of boron and molybdenum at a rate of 10 kg/ha of Borax and 1 kg/ha of Ammonium Molybdenum is recommended for cauliflower cultivation in the Salyan district, as it leads to enhanced growth and yield of cauliflower crops.
{"title":"Effect of boron and molybdenum on growth and yield attributes of cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae Var. Botrytis L) at Salyan, Nepal","authors":"Niharika Chaudhary, Kamal Kafle, Biju Adhikari, Saroj Sapkota","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901023","url":null,"abstract":"A research study was conducted to investigate the impact of varying levels of boron and molybdenum on the growth and yield parameters of the Silvercup-60 variety of cauliflower in the fields of Luham, Salyan during the winter season of 2022. The experiment comprised seven treatments arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each replication included seven treatments denoted as follows: T1 (Control), T2 (Borax @10 kg/ha), T3 (Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha), T4 (Borax @10 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha), T5 (Borax @10 kg + Ammonium Molybdate @2 kg/ha), T6 (Borax @20 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha), and T7 (Borax @20 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @2 kg/ha), representing different doses of boron and molybdenum. Various growth parameters, including plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, and leaf width, were recorded at intervals of 15, 30, 45, and 55 days post-transplanting, along with yield parameters such as curd diameter and curd yield. Notably, treatment T4 (Borax @10 kg/ha + Ammonium Molybdate @1 kg/ha) exhibited significantly superior curd diameter (19.03 cm) and yield (16.41 mt/ha) compared to the control group, while the control group yielded the lowest values for these parameters. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the application of boron and molybdenum at a rate of 10 kg/ha of Borax and 1 kg/ha of Ammonium Molybdenum is recommended for cauliflower cultivation in the Salyan district, as it leads to enhanced growth and yield of cauliflower crops.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.0901012
Tonny Sen, M. Khatun, Md. Akhtaruzzaman Khan, Mohammad Ataur rahman
In the current digital era, online shopping has swiftly risen to prominence among Bangladeshis' preferred methods of making purchases. The current study was carried out to find out sub-urban customers' socio-economic profile, male and female attitudes, influencing factors, customer satisfaction, and problems with online shopping. For this study, 110 customers were selected using convenience sampling techniques at Muktagachha and Fulbaria Upazila in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Along with descriptive statistics, principal component analysis (PCA) including factor analysis and Likert scales (5-point) were used to analyze the data. The study found that about 71% of the customers were aged 18 to 36 years; 100% of the customers were familiar with purchasing non-agricultural products; about 78% of the customers were interested in buying agricultural products in the near future; respondents used social media like Facebook (77%) for online shopping; and about 68% of the customers were willing to pay more for security, better quality of the products, and a reliable platform. Customer satisfaction shows that time-saving (4.17), variety of products (3.93), and cash on delivery (3.86) payment systems were considered satisfactory items for online shopping. Absent of touch and feel (3.47), less quality (3.31), and online payments (3.28) were the major problems of respondents while they bought products online. To increase customer awareness of information technology services and foster a favorable view of the e-commerce industry, all online retailers should enhance their convenient promotional tools and service strategies. This paper intended to identify the factors that influence consumers' decision-making when deciding whether or not to purchase a product.
{"title":"Customer attitude, buying behavior and satisfaction towards online shopping: An empirical study in some selected areas of Bangladesh","authors":"Tonny Sen, M. Khatun, Md. Akhtaruzzaman Khan, Mohammad Ataur rahman","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901012","url":null,"abstract":"In the current digital era, online shopping has swiftly risen to prominence among Bangladeshis' preferred methods of making purchases. The current study was carried out to find out sub-urban customers' socio-economic profile, male and female attitudes, influencing factors, customer satisfaction, and problems with online shopping. For this study, 110 customers were selected using convenience sampling techniques at Muktagachha and Fulbaria Upazila in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Along with descriptive statistics, principal component analysis (PCA) including factor analysis and Likert scales (5-point) were used to analyze the data. The study found that about 71% of the customers were aged 18 to 36 years; 100% of the customers were familiar with purchasing non-agricultural products; about 78% of the customers were interested in buying agricultural products in the near future; respondents used social media like Facebook (77%) for online shopping; and about 68% of the customers were willing to pay more for security, better quality of the products, and a reliable platform. Customer satisfaction shows that time-saving (4.17), variety of products (3.93), and cash on delivery (3.86) payment systems were considered satisfactory items for online shopping. Absent of touch and feel (3.47), less quality (3.31), and online payments (3.28) were the major problems of respondents while they bought products online. To increase customer awareness of information technology services and foster a favorable view of the e-commerce industry, all online retailers should enhance their convenient promotional tools and service strategies. This paper intended to identify the factors that influence consumers' decision-making when deciding whether or not to purchase a product.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 1014","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2024.090103
M. Ifediegwu, M. Orji, S. Onuorah, B. Uba
This study was undertaken to evaluate the degrading potentials of plasmid and non–plasmid borne soil bacterial strains on Bonny light crude oil. Enrichment technique, turbidometric test, plasmid curing test as well as gas chromatographic flame ionization detection technique was adopted for isolating and evaluating the oil degrading capabilities of the selected bacterial strains. The preliminary physicochemical results revealed that pH was recorded slightly neutral, higher conductivity (0.41 to 0.44 μS/cm), higher organic carbon (2.32 to 4.34 %) but lower nitrogen and phosphorus contents (0.27 % and 10.11 kg) as well as lower water holding capacity was noted, respectively. The results indicated that 22 out of the 60 isolated bacterial strains had high crude oil degrading potentials (A600nm > 0.3). The result further indicated that bacterial strains belong to various species which are Bacillus cereus C12, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KAVK01, Bacillus licheniformis 126, Ochrobacterium intermedium E85b, Bacillus subtillis SDDlas, Bacillus subtillis LK4.5, Enterobacter cloacae GEBRI III and Bacillus cereus So24. Plasmid borne P. aeruginosa strain KAVK01 was the best degrader with 88 % remediation efficiency within the period while the plasmid cured P. aeruginosa strain KAVK01 had 65 % degradation with the order of n – alkane hydrocarbon degradation: (n-C8 - n-C17) > (n-C18 - n-C25) > (n-C26 - n-C32). The data obtained from the current study could help in the selection of bacterial species, most especially plasmid borne bacteria that can be employed in the restoration of oil contaminated soil ecosystem in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.
{"title":"Evaluation of the degrading potentials of plasmid and non–plasmid borne soil bacterial strains on bonny light crude oil","authors":"M. Ifediegwu, M. Orji, S. Onuorah, B. Uba","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.090103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.090103","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to evaluate the degrading potentials of plasmid and non–plasmid borne soil bacterial strains on Bonny light crude oil. Enrichment technique, turbidometric test, plasmid curing test as well as gas chromatographic flame ionization detection technique was adopted for isolating and evaluating the oil degrading capabilities of the selected bacterial strains. The preliminary physicochemical results revealed that pH was recorded slightly neutral, higher conductivity (0.41 to 0.44 μS/cm), higher organic carbon (2.32 to 4.34 %) but lower nitrogen and phosphorus contents (0.27 % and 10.11 kg) as well as lower water holding capacity was noted, respectively. The results indicated that 22 out of the 60 isolated bacterial strains had high crude oil degrading potentials (A600nm > 0.3). The result further indicated that bacterial strains belong to various species which are Bacillus cereus C12, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KAVK01, Bacillus licheniformis 126, Ochrobacterium intermedium E85b, Bacillus subtillis SDDlas, Bacillus subtillis LK4.5, Enterobacter cloacae GEBRI III and Bacillus cereus So24. Plasmid borne P. aeruginosa strain KAVK01 was the best degrader with 88 % remediation efficiency within the period while the plasmid cured P. aeruginosa strain KAVK01 had 65 % degradation with the order of n – alkane hydrocarbon degradation: (n-C8 - n-C17) > (n-C18 - n-C25) > (n-C26 - n-C32). The data obtained from the current study could help in the selection of bacterial species, most especially plasmid borne bacteria that can be employed in the restoration of oil contaminated soil ecosystem in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" 682","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140382744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genetically Engineered Organisms (GEOs) have ushered in a new era in agriculture, revolutionizing crop yield and safety through techniques like transgenic modification and genome editing. This review delves into the profound impact of GEOs on agricultural landscapes, elucidating their role in enhancing crop traits, and bolstering resistance to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental conditions, thereby ensuring food security for a burgeoning global population. However, amidst these advancements, persistent concerns regarding GEOs' environmental and health ramifications persist. The review critically examines potential unintended consequences within ecosystems and addresses human health implications, particularly allergenicity. Furthermore, it scrutinizes existing regulatory frameworks and the pivotal role of public perception in shaping the trajectory of GEOs. While emphasizing the intricate interplay between genetic engineering and crop production, the review advocates for continued research and informed decision-making to harness the benefits of GEOs while mitigating potential risks. Additionally, it underscores the significance of enhancing science communication and regulatory measures to address ethical concerns and combat misinformation. With advancements in precision gene-integration technologies and emerging research in biofortification and stress tolerance, GEOs are promising to enhance commercial agriculture's productivity and profitability. However, achieving this potential necessitates proactive measures such as improved regulation, risk mitigation strategies, and enhanced communication with stakeholders to ensure GEOs' responsible and sustainable integration into agricultural systems.
{"title":"An overview on the impact of genetically engineered organisms on crop yield and safety","authors":"Lokendra Nath Yogi, Anju Kathayat, Sarada Bhandari, Prajjwal Paudel, Prakash Mishra","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2024.0901025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2024.0901025","url":null,"abstract":"Genetically Engineered Organisms (GEOs) have ushered in a new era in agriculture, revolutionizing crop yield and safety through techniques like transgenic modification and genome editing. This review delves into the profound impact of GEOs on agricultural landscapes, elucidating their role in enhancing crop traits, and bolstering resistance to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental conditions, thereby ensuring food security for a burgeoning global population. However, amidst these advancements, persistent concerns regarding GEOs' environmental and health ramifications persist. The review critically examines potential unintended consequences within ecosystems and addresses human health implications, particularly allergenicity. Furthermore, it scrutinizes existing regulatory frameworks and the pivotal role of public perception in shaping the trajectory of GEOs. While emphasizing the intricate interplay between genetic engineering and crop production, the review advocates for continued research and informed decision-making to harness the benefits of GEOs while mitigating potential risks. Additionally, it underscores the significance of enhancing science communication and regulatory measures to address ethical concerns and combat misinformation. With advancements in precision gene-integration technologies and emerging research in biofortification and stress tolerance, GEOs are promising to enhance commercial agriculture's productivity and profitability. However, achieving this potential necessitates proactive measures such as improved regulation, risk mitigation strategies, and enhanced communication with stakeholders to ensure GEOs' responsible and sustainable integration into agricultural systems.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":" December","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140383241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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