Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2023.080303
Ghanshyam Dahal, Amir Sadaula, Monica Gautam, Aakash Rana Magar, Sonu Adhikari
In order to ascertain the comprehensive prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among captive Asian elephants in Chitwan National Park, a cross-sectional investigation was conducted. A total of 103 samples was purposefully collected. Demographic details encompassing age and gender, along with epidemiological information concerning deworming status, timing intervals, and nutritional condition for both government-owned and privately-owned elephants, were procured through a structured questionnaire survey. The process involved microscopic identification and quantification of gastrointestinal parasites through sedimentation, centrifugal floatation, and MacMaster Egg Per Gram (EPG) count methods. The resultant data indicated an overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites at 47.57% (49 out of 103 samples). The dominant class of parasites observed was Nematodes (n=30, 61.22%), followed by Trematodes (n=14, 28.57%) and Cestodes (n=5, 10.20%). Six distinct parasite genera were identified with positive results: Strongylus (26.53%), Trichostrongylus (24.48%), Fasciola (16.35%), Paramphistomum (12.24%), Anoplocephala (10.20%), and Ascaris (10.20%). Notably, the prevalence was markedly higher in females (39.80%) in comparison to males (7.76%), with the disparity being statistically significant (p>0.05). Additionally, a noteworthy correlation was observed between parasite prevalence, age groups, and deworming history, with statistical significance (p<0.05). The Egg Per Gram (EPG) count analysis demonstrated that the majority (87.75%) of the positively identified samples exhibited mild infection (100-500 eggs), while a relatively low percentage (6.12%) displayed heavy infection (1000-1500 eggs). The mean EPG was calculated as (248.39 ± 54.25). Consequently, the heightened prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in captive elephants within Chitwan National Park underscores the necessity for targeted interventions to mitigate the risk of parasitic infestations.
{"title":"Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in endangered captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) of Chitwan National Park in Nepal","authors":"Ghanshyam Dahal, Amir Sadaula, Monica Gautam, Aakash Rana Magar, Sonu Adhikari","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.080303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.080303","url":null,"abstract":"In order to ascertain the comprehensive prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites among captive Asian elephants in Chitwan National Park, a cross-sectional investigation was conducted. A total of 103 samples was purposefully collected. Demographic details encompassing age and gender, along with epidemiological information concerning deworming status, timing intervals, and nutritional condition for both government-owned and privately-owned elephants, were procured through a structured questionnaire survey. The process involved microscopic identification and quantification of gastrointestinal parasites through sedimentation, centrifugal floatation, and MacMaster Egg Per Gram (EPG) count methods. The resultant data indicated an overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites at 47.57% (49 out of 103 samples). The dominant class of parasites observed was Nematodes (n=30, 61.22%), followed by Trematodes (n=14, 28.57%) and Cestodes (n=5, 10.20%). Six distinct parasite genera were identified with positive results: Strongylus (26.53%), Trichostrongylus (24.48%), Fasciola (16.35%), Paramphistomum (12.24%), Anoplocephala (10.20%), and Ascaris (10.20%). Notably, the prevalence was markedly higher in females (39.80%) in comparison to males (7.76%), with the disparity being statistically significant (p>0.05). Additionally, a noteworthy correlation was observed between parasite prevalence, age groups, and deworming history, with statistical significance (p<0.05). The Egg Per Gram (EPG) count analysis demonstrated that the majority (87.75%) of the positively identified samples exhibited mild infection (100-500 eggs), while a relatively low percentage (6.12%) displayed heavy infection (1000-1500 eggs). The mean EPG was calculated as (248.39 ± 54.25). Consequently, the heightened prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in captive elephants within Chitwan National Park underscores the necessity for targeted interventions to mitigate the risk of parasitic infestations.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crop insurance is an essential tool for managing risk in agriculture. The primary goal of this study was to investigate how farmers felt about crop insurance and their willingness to pay for it. . The study was conducted to profile the socioeconomic characteristics, measure the profitability of crops, assess farmer’s willingness to pay crop insurance, and determine the factors that influence willingness to pay (WTP). A total of 107 farmers were chosen at random from Kishoreganj district in Bangladesh. The data were collected through a field survey using a semi-structured interview schedule. Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient method was used. The study found that the majority of farmers have only had primary education or less. About one-third of the respondents could make savings of ten to twenty thousand taka each year. The most profitable crops were vegetables, jute, and wheat. Rice’s profitability, however, was hardly positive. Factors such as age, education, occupation, net income, and cultivable area have a positive correlation with the WTP for crop insurance for all crops except rice. However, the uptake of crop insurance is still relatively low in Bangladesh, and more efforts are needed to increase awareness and promote the benefits of crop insurance among farmers.
{"title":"Profitability and prospects of crop insurance of some selected crops in Kishoreganj district of Bangladesh","authors":"Nowshin Tabassom Prome, Mohammad Ataur Rahman, Ratna Begum, Md. Shishir Ahamed","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.0803011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0803011","url":null,"abstract":"Crop insurance is an essential tool for managing risk in agriculture. The primary goal of this study was to investigate how farmers felt about crop insurance and their willingness to pay for it. . The study was conducted to profile the socioeconomic characteristics, measure the profitability of crops, assess farmer’s willingness to pay crop insurance, and determine the factors that influence willingness to pay (WTP). A total of 107 farmers were chosen at random from Kishoreganj district in Bangladesh. The data were collected through a field survey using a semi-structured interview schedule. Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient method was used. The study found that the majority of farmers have only had primary education or less. About one-third of the respondents could make savings of ten to twenty thousand taka each year. The most profitable crops were vegetables, jute, and wheat. Rice’s profitability, however, was hardly positive. Factors such as age, education, occupation, net income, and cultivable area have a positive correlation with the WTP for crop insurance for all crops except rice. However, the uptake of crop insurance is still relatively low in Bangladesh, and more efforts are needed to increase awareness and promote the benefits of crop insurance among farmers.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2023.080308
Winnie Chebet Wambugu, Arnold M. Opiyo, Anthony M. Kibe
This study evaluated the effects of nutrient stock solution concentrations on the growth and yield of potato varieties grown from apical rooted cuttings (ARCs). A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Climate and Water Smart Agriculture Center at Egerton University, Kenya. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot arrangement in randomized complete block design, where the main plot comprised three nutrient concentrations, i.e., 75% (N75), 100% (N100) and 125% (N125) of the ADC-Molo’ nutrient formulation. The subplots were allocated to four potato varieties (Shangi, Wanjiku, Nyota and Unica). The results showed that there were no significant (p<0.05) interaction effects of the nutrient stock solution concentrations application rates on the growth attributes of ARCs. The main effects of N125 gave the tallest plants (32.29cm) at 60 days after planting (DAP), highest normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) (0.60) at 75 DAP, plant survival rate (82.15%) at 75 DAP, and fresh weight (79.04g) and dry matter (31.26%) of aboveground biomass (AGB). Nyota variety produced taller plants (26.90cm) at 60 DAP, gave higher NDVI values (0.53) at 75 DAP, and higher fresh weight (64.87g) and dry matter (27.60%) of the AGB. Significant (p<0.05) interactions were observed in the yield parameters. The interaction between N125 and Nyota (11.33) and Wanjiku (10.67) gave the highest number of minitubers, the highest yields were obtained between the interaction of N125 and Unica (16.38t/ha). Therefore, to achieve high growth and yields of ARCs under hydroponic system, seed potato producers should use 125% of the ADC Molo nutrient formulation.
{"title":"Effect of nutrient solution concentrations on the growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties grown from apical rooted cutting in a hydroponic system","authors":"Winnie Chebet Wambugu, Arnold M. Opiyo, Anthony M. Kibe","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.080308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.080308","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effects of nutrient stock solution concentrations on the growth and yield of potato varieties grown from apical rooted cuttings (ARCs). A greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Climate and Water Smart Agriculture Center at Egerton University, Kenya. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot arrangement in randomized complete block design, where the main plot comprised three nutrient concentrations, i.e., 75% (N75), 100% (N100) and 125% (N125) of the ADC-Molo’ nutrient formulation. The subplots were allocated to four potato varieties (Shangi, Wanjiku, Nyota and Unica). The results showed that there were no significant (p<0.05) interaction effects of the nutrient stock solution concentrations application rates on the growth attributes of ARCs. The main effects of N125 gave the tallest plants (32.29cm) at 60 days after planting (DAP), highest normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) (0.60) at 75 DAP, plant survival rate (82.15%) at 75 DAP, and fresh weight (79.04g) and dry matter (31.26%) of aboveground biomass (AGB). Nyota variety produced taller plants (26.90cm) at 60 DAP, gave higher NDVI values (0.53) at 75 DAP, and higher fresh weight (64.87g) and dry matter (27.60%) of the AGB. Significant (p<0.05) interactions were observed in the yield parameters. The interaction between N125 and Nyota (11.33) and Wanjiku (10.67) gave the highest number of minitubers, the highest yields were obtained between the interaction of N125 and Unica (16.38t/ha). Therefore, to achieve high growth and yields of ARCs under hydroponic system, seed potato producers should use 125% of the ADC Molo nutrient formulation.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Between March and May 2022, researchers conducted a broad survey in the Lamjung district to ascertain the presence and accessibility of bee-friendly flora to compile a floral calendar. In the PMAMP Bee Zone, 62 respondents were chosen for the interview through a simple random sampling approach, from a pool of 382 registered beekeepers. Primary data collection involved using personal interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant surveys. Secondary data were gathered from publications related to the topic from various institutions. The collected data were then analyzed using IBM SPSS V.26 and Microsoft Excel. Nearly all farmers in the study area kept Apis cerana bees, but due to insufficient irrigation, the crop fields provided limited forage for the bees during certain periods. The lowest number of frames covers by bees was four during the dearth period. Farmers in the Lamjung district did not practice migratory foraging. The majority of the respondents reported an increase in productivity compared to the previous year. However, only 37.1 percent of them cultivated bee flora. The colony carrying capacity of the forage area was not estimated. Additionally, an increase in deforestation was identified as the major problem affecting bee foraging. To address these issues, it was recommended to plant and cultivate perennial trees such as butter trees (Vitellaria paradox), bottle brush (Callistemon speciosus), litchi (Litchi chinensis), sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo), and sunflower (Helianthus annus) with assured irrigation. This approach could ensure year-round forage availability and reduce the need for artificial feeding. The research aimed to explore the current status of honey bee flora and investigate major flora that could be introduced in the study area.
{"title":"Preparation of floral calendar of bee flora available in Lamjung district, Nepal","authors":"Sabin Bhattarai, Seema Adhikari, Ankit Ojha, Yagya Raj Joshi, Sagar Manandhar, Sushrita Acharya, Dikshya Bist","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.080304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.080304","url":null,"abstract":"Between March and May 2022, researchers conducted a broad survey in the Lamjung district to ascertain the presence and accessibility of bee-friendly flora to compile a floral calendar. In the PMAMP Bee Zone, 62 respondents were chosen for the interview through a simple random sampling approach, from a pool of 382 registered beekeepers. Primary data collection involved using personal interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant surveys. Secondary data were gathered from publications related to the topic from various institutions. The collected data were then analyzed using IBM SPSS V.26 and Microsoft Excel. Nearly all farmers in the study area kept Apis cerana bees, but due to insufficient irrigation, the crop fields provided limited forage for the bees during certain periods. The lowest number of frames covers by bees was four during the dearth period. Farmers in the Lamjung district did not practice migratory foraging. The majority of the respondents reported an increase in productivity compared to the previous year. However, only 37.1 percent of them cultivated bee flora. The colony carrying capacity of the forage area was not estimated. Additionally, an increase in deforestation was identified as the major problem affecting bee foraging. To address these issues, it was recommended to plant and cultivate perennial trees such as butter trees (Vitellaria paradox), bottle brush (Callistemon speciosus), litchi (Litchi chinensis), sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo), and sunflower (Helianthus annus) with assured irrigation. This approach could ensure year-round forage availability and reduce the need for artificial feeding. The research aimed to explore the current status of honey bee flora and investigate major flora that could be introduced in the study area.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2023.0803019
Arun Chandra Barman, Mohosena Begum Tanu, Mohammad Ferdous Siddique, Sonia Sku, Md. Nazmul Hossen, Md. Ayenuddin Haque, Yahia Mahmud
Spawning season and size at first sexual maturity of Freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis was studied from the specimens collected from Brahmaputra River, Mymensingh district, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2016. The present study has investigated sex ratios, gamogenetic cycle, condition index, and size at first sexual maturity by means of standard histological procedures. The results indicated no significant difference in the overall sex ratio (M: F = 1:1.3). The qualitative analysis of gonad developmental stages has provided confirmation of the presence of a yearly reproductive cycle characterized by prolonged gonadal activity. The highest percentages of ripe gonads were observed in July for males (77.78%) and August for females (53.85%). The spawning activity was highest in October for males (50%) and November for females (83.33%). Furthermore, ripening and spawning stages in different shell lengths ranged from 58–63 to 88–93 mm for both sexes. The findings from the qualitative observation of gonad developmental stages, a single annual spawning peak observed between October and November. A statistically significant correlation was detected between the average condition index of male and female. Males reached sexual maturity at smaller standard length (SL50 = 63.25 mm) compared to females (SL50 = 72.10 mm SL). Acquired knowledge regarding the present state and distinctive gonad developmental characteristics of L. marginalis will aid fisheries management professionals and conservation biologist in the effective management of this particular species of mussels in the waters of Bangladesh.
对2015年7月至2016年6月在孟加拉国迈门辛格地区布拉马普特拉河采集的淡水贻贝的产卵季节和初次性成熟时的大小进行了研究。本研究通过标准的组织学程序调查了性别比、配子发生周期、条件指数和初性成熟时的大小。结果显示，总体性别比(M: F = 1:1.3)无显著差异。性腺发育阶段的定性分析已证实存在以性腺活动延长为特征的年度生殖周期。雄虫成熟性腺率最高的季节为7月(77.78%)，雌虫最高的季节为8月(53.85%)。雄鱼产卵活跃度最高的是10月(50%)，雌鱼产卵活跃度最高的是11月(83.33%)。不同壳长下两性的成熟期和产卵期在58 ~ 63 ~ 88 ~ 93 mm之间。从性腺发育阶段的定性观察中发现，每年10月至11月为单次产卵高峰。男性和女性的平均状况指数之间存在显著的统计学相关性。雄性达到性成熟的标准体长(SL50 = 63.25 mm)小于雌性(SL50 = 72.10 mm SL)。获得关于边缘贝的现状和独特性腺发育特征的知识将有助于渔业管理专业人员和保护生物学家有效管理孟加拉国水域的这一特殊贻贝物种。
{"title":"Spawning season and size at first sexual maturity of freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819) in the Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh","authors":"Arun Chandra Barman, Mohosena Begum Tanu, Mohammad Ferdous Siddique, Sonia Sku, Md. Nazmul Hossen, Md. Ayenuddin Haque, Yahia Mahmud","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.0803019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0803019","url":null,"abstract":"Spawning season and size at first sexual maturity of Freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis was studied from the specimens collected from Brahmaputra River, Mymensingh district, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2016. The present study has investigated sex ratios, gamogenetic cycle, condition index, and size at first sexual maturity by means of standard histological procedures. The results indicated no significant difference in the overall sex ratio (M: F = 1:1.3). The qualitative analysis of gonad developmental stages has provided confirmation of the presence of a yearly reproductive cycle characterized by prolonged gonadal activity. The highest percentages of ripe gonads were observed in July for males (77.78%) and August for females (53.85%). The spawning activity was highest in October for males (50%) and November for females (83.33%). Furthermore, ripening and spawning stages in different shell lengths ranged from 58–63 to 88–93 mm for both sexes. The findings from the qualitative observation of gonad developmental stages, a single annual spawning peak observed between October and November. A statistically significant correlation was detected between the average condition index of male and female. Males reached sexual maturity at smaller standard length (SL50 = 63.25 mm) compared to females (SL50 = 72.10 mm SL). Acquired knowledge regarding the present state and distinctive gonad developmental characteristics of L. marginalis will aid fisheries management professionals and conservation biologist in the effective management of this particular species of mussels in the waters of Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2023.080309
Md. Hashibur Rahman, Mohammad Ashraful Alam, None Flura, Md. Moniruzzaman, Sharmin Sultana, Anik Talukdar, Md. Rakibul Islam
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional adequacy and suitability of rice polish and mustard oil cake as protein sources in the diet of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). To assess the growth performance and feed utilization of Nile Tilapia, three diets containing rice polish (0, 8, and 16%) and mustard oil cake (8, 16, and 24%) were formulated and fed to the fish over a period of 60 days. According to the findings, the growth performance tended to decline as the levels of rice polish and mustard oil cake increased. The control diet (30% Fish meal) resulted in the highest weight gain (373.79±49.78%), whereas the diet (20% Fish meal) resulted in the least weight gain (341.24±27.23%). The specific growth rate (SGR) followed the same pattern, and there were no statistically significant differences in SGR between diets (p>0.05). At the end of this trial, the feed intake (FI) of the various diets ranged between 32.37 g and 37.78 g per fish. Although feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were not significantly different among diets (p>0.05), feed intake decreased as the incorporation of rice polish increased.
本试验旨在评价米粉和芥菜油饼作为尼罗罗非鱼日粮中蛋白质来源的营养充足性和适宜性。为评价尼罗罗非鱼的生长性能和饲料利用率，配制了3种含米粉(0、8%和16%)和芥菜油饼(8、16%和24%)的饲料，饲喂60 d。结果表明，随着米粉和芥菜油饼添加量的增加，生长性能呈下降趋势。对照组(30%鱼粉)增重最高(373.79±49.78%)，对照组(20%鱼粉)增重最低(341.24±27.23%)。特定生长率(SGR)也有相同的变化规律，不同饲料的SGR差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。试验结束时，各组饲料的采食量(FI)在32.37 ~ 37.78 g /鱼之间。饲料系数(FCR)和蛋白质效率(PER)各组间差异不显著(p>0.05)，但采食量随着米粉添加量的增加而降低。
{"title":"Effects of substituting plant-based protein sources for fish meal in the diet of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Md. Hashibur Rahman, Mohammad Ashraful Alam, None Flura, Md. Moniruzzaman, Sharmin Sultana, Anik Talukdar, Md. Rakibul Islam","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.080309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.080309","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional adequacy and suitability of rice polish and mustard oil cake as protein sources in the diet of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). To assess the growth performance and feed utilization of Nile Tilapia, three diets containing rice polish (0, 8, and 16%) and mustard oil cake (8, 16, and 24%) were formulated and fed to the fish over a period of 60 days. According to the findings, the growth performance tended to decline as the levels of rice polish and mustard oil cake increased. The control diet (30% Fish meal) resulted in the highest weight gain (373.79±49.78%), whereas the diet (20% Fish meal) resulted in the least weight gain (341.24±27.23%). The specific growth rate (SGR) followed the same pattern, and there were no statistically significant differences in SGR between diets (p>0.05). At the end of this trial, the feed intake (FI) of the various diets ranged between 32.37 g and 37.78 g per fish. Although feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were not significantly different among diets (p>0.05), feed intake decreased as the incorporation of rice polish increased.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135865022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.26832/24566632.2023.080302
Md. Rakib Hasan, Annika Sal Sabil, Md. Moinul Haque, Kamal Uddin Ahamed, Shahin Imran, Md. Asif Mahamud
Zinc deficiency in soil is currently a widespread problem in Bangladesh that significantly reduces the yield of a variety of crops, including rice. Despite the fact that many farmers started applying zinc fertilizer, many are unaware of the right amount and application technique. For this reason, to determine the impact of variety and zinc treatment on the performance of hybrid rice, a field experiment was carried out between November 2019 and May 2020 at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University's experimental field in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207. The experiment consisted of two factors as variety (3 types) viz., V1 – BRRI hybrid dhan2, V2 – BRRI hybrid dhan3 and V3 – BRRI hybrid dhan5 and, Zinc management (4 levels) viz., Zn0 – 0 kg ha-1 (control), Zn1 – 2 kg ha-1, Zn2 – 4 kg ha-1 and Zn3 – 6 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (Factorial) with three replications. Data on different growth and yield parameter of rice were recorded and significant variation was found for different treatments. Regarding varietal performance, the maximum panicle number hill-1 (17.10), panicle length (28.03 cm), grain number panicle-1 (109.45), 1000-grain weight (26.50 g), grain yield ha-1 (6.94 t), straw yield ha-1 (8.58 t), biological yield ha-1 (15.51 t) and harvest index (44.62%) were found from the variety BRRI hybrid dhan5. Considering Zn effect, the maximum panicle number hill-1 (16.33), panicle length (27.14 cm), grain number panicle-1 (108.11), 1000-grain weight (25.38 g), grain yield ha-1 (6.81 t), straw yield ha-1 (8.34 t), biological yield ha-1 (15.15 t) and harvest index (44.88%) were found from 6 kg Zn ha-1. In the case of treatment combination of variety and zinc, the maximum panicle number hill-1 (20.17), panicle length (29.45 cm), number of grains panicle-1 (117.74), 1000-seed weight (27.43 g), grain yield (7.80 t ha-1), straw yield (9.20 t ha-1), biological yield (17.00 t ha-1) and harvest index (45.78%) were found from BRRI hybrid dhan5 along with 6 kg Zn ha-1. Therefore, the hybrid rice variety BRRI hybrid dhan5 with a Zn application of 6 kg ha-1 yielded considerably more grain than the other treatment combinations under evaluation.
土壤缺锌目前是孟加拉国普遍存在的问题，严重降低了包括水稻在内的多种作物的产量。尽管许多农民开始施用锌肥，但许多人不知道正确的用量和施用技术。因此，为了确定品种和锌处理对杂交水稻性能的影响，于2019年11月至2020年5月在达卡-e- bangla Nagar的Sher-e-Bangla农业大学实验田进行了一项田间试验。试验包括品种(3个类型)V1 - BRRI杂交种dhan2、V2 - BRRI杂交种dhan3和V3 - BRRI杂交种dhan5和锌管理(4个水平)Zn0 - 0 kg ha-1(对照)、Zn1 - 2 kg ha-1、Zn2 - 4 kg ha-1和Zn3 - 6 kg ha-1。试验采用随机完全区组设计(阶乘)，有3个重复。记录了水稻不同生长和产量参数的数据，发现不同处理之间存在显著差异。在品种性能方面，BRRI杂交种dhan5的最大穗数hill-1(17.10)，穗长(28.03 cm)，粒数穗-1(109.45)，千粒重(26.50 g)，籽粒产量ha-1 (6.94 t)，秸秆产量ha-1 (8.58 t)，生物产量ha-1 (15.51 t)，收获指数(44.62%)。考虑Zn的影响，6 kg Zn可获得最大穗数hill-1(16.33)、穗长(27.14 cm)、穗数-1(108.11)、千粒重(25.38 g)、籽粒产量ha-1 (6.81 t)、秸秆产量ha-1 (8.34 t)、生物产量ha-1 (15.15 t)和收获指数(44.88%)。品种配锌处理下，BRRI杂交种dhan5在6 kg Zn条件下，最大穗数hill-1(20.17)，穗长(29.45 cm)，穗数1(117.74)，千粒重(27.43 g)，籽粒产量(7.80 t ha-1)，秸秆产量(9.20 t ha-1)，生物产量(17.00 t ha-1)，收获指数(45.78%)。因此，锌用量为6 kg hm -1时，BRRI杂交稻品种dhan5的产子量明显高于其他处理组合。
{"title":"Growth and yield performance of hybrid rice varieties under varying zinc levels","authors":"Md. Rakib Hasan, Annika Sal Sabil, Md. Moinul Haque, Kamal Uddin Ahamed, Shahin Imran, Md. Asif Mahamud","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.080302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.080302","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc deficiency in soil is currently a widespread problem in Bangladesh that significantly reduces the yield of a variety of crops, including rice. Despite the fact that many farmers started applying zinc fertilizer, many are unaware of the right amount and application technique. For this reason, to determine the impact of variety and zinc treatment on the performance of hybrid rice, a field experiment was carried out between November 2019 and May 2020 at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University's experimental field in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207. The experiment consisted of two factors as variety (3 types) viz., V1 – BRRI hybrid dhan2, V2 – BRRI hybrid dhan3 and V3 – BRRI hybrid dhan5 and, Zinc management (4 levels) viz., Zn0 – 0 kg ha-1 (control), Zn1 – 2 kg ha-1, Zn2 – 4 kg ha-1 and Zn3 – 6 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (Factorial) with three replications. Data on different growth and yield parameter of rice were recorded and significant variation was found for different treatments. Regarding varietal performance, the maximum panicle number hill-1 (17.10), panicle length (28.03 cm), grain number panicle-1 (109.45), 1000-grain weight (26.50 g), grain yield ha-1 (6.94 t), straw yield ha-1 (8.58 t), biological yield ha-1 (15.51 t) and harvest index (44.62%) were found from the variety BRRI hybrid dhan5. Considering Zn effect, the maximum panicle number hill-1 (16.33), panicle length (27.14 cm), grain number panicle-1 (108.11), 1000-grain weight (25.38 g), grain yield ha-1 (6.81 t), straw yield ha-1 (8.34 t), biological yield ha-1 (15.15 t) and harvest index (44.88%) were found from 6 kg Zn ha-1. In the case of treatment combination of variety and zinc, the maximum panicle number hill-1 (20.17), panicle length (29.45 cm), number of grains panicle-1 (117.74), 1000-seed weight (27.43 g), grain yield (7.80 t ha-1), straw yield (9.20 t ha-1), biological yield (17.00 t ha-1) and harvest index (45.78%) were found from BRRI hybrid dhan5 along with 6 kg Zn ha-1. Therefore, the hybrid rice variety BRRI hybrid dhan5 with a Zn application of 6 kg ha-1 yielded considerably more grain than the other treatment combinations under evaluation.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was to assess and evaluate the culture potential of Tengra with short-cycle species in the seasonal water bodies of farmers’ fields and disseminate the cultural technologies in a different part of the country. The study was conducted in farmers’ ponds located in the northern region of Bangladesh from May 2017 to September 2018 to find out the most suitable combination of Tengra (Mystus vittatus) with other short-cycle fishes. For this reason, combination viz; tengra+pabda+magur+rajpunti+GIFT was considered for trial (with three treatments/combinations and three replications of each) in seasonal farmers’ ponds at 18 upazilas of the greater Rangpur region to evaluate the growth and yield performance of tengra, M. vittatus under a polyculture system. Three different stocking densities of Tengra viz., 500, 600, and 700 with (100 Magur+10 Rajpunti+5 GIFT) were treated as T1, T2, and T3 respectively. After 5 months of the culture period, (T1) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher production of Tengra (2,035 kg ha-1), total production of fishes (5,592 kg ha-1), and benefit-cost ratio (1.60) among the treatments These combinations were chosen for multi-location testing (MLT) in different locations of the northern region of Bangladesh. Three locations such as Domar (Niphamari); Kaligonj (Lalmonirhat) and Niphamari Sadar were selected for demonstration. After 5 months of multi-location testing the trials with Tengra as the main species, the highest production of Tengra (2252 kg ha-1), total production of fishes (5656 kg ha-1), and benefit-cost ratio (1.65) were found in Kaligonj with significant (P<0.05) difference among three locations. Thus, the results of multi-location trials clearly authenticated the previous findings. Therefore, the technologies of short-cycle fish species should be disseminated to fish farmers and entrepreneurs throughout the semi-arid zone of Bangladesh.
本研究旨在评价短周期物种腾格拉在农田季节性水体中的养殖潜力，并在全国各地推广养殖技术。该研究于2017年5月至2018年9月在孟加拉国北部地区的农民池塘中进行，以找出Tengra (Mystus vittatus)与其他短周期鱼类的最合适组合。因此，组合即;考虑在大Rangpur地区18个农场的季节性农民池塘中进行tengra+pabda+magur+rajpunti+GIFT的试验(3个处理/组合，每个重复3个)，以评估腾格里M. vittatus在混养系统下的生长和产量表现。以100 Magur+10 Rajpunti+5 GIFT 3种不同放养密度的Tengra viz、500、600和700分别为T1、T2和T3。在5个月的培养期后，(T1)在处理间显示出显著(P<0.05)较高的腾格拉产量(2,035 kg ha-1)、鱼的总产量(5,592 kg ha-1)和效益成本比(1.60)。三个地点，如Domar (Niphamari);Kaligonj (Lalmonirhat)和Niphamari Sadar被选中进行示范。经过5个月以腾格拉为主要品种的多地点试验，腾格拉产量最高(2252 kg ha-1)，总产量最高(5656 kg ha-1)，效益成本比最高(1.65)，3个地点间差异显著(P<0.05)。因此，多地点试验的结果清楚地证实了先前的发现。因此，应向孟加拉国半干旱地区的养鱼户和企业家推广短周期鱼类技术。
{"title":"Culture technique of Tengra (Mystus vittatus) with short cycle fish species in the drought prone northern region of Bangladesh","authors":"Khandaker Rashidul Hasan, Saokat Ahamed, Yahia Mahmud, Maliha Hosssain Mou","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.0803015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0803015","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was to assess and evaluate the culture potential of Tengra with short-cycle species in the seasonal water bodies of farmers’ fields and disseminate the cultural technologies in a different part of the country. The study was conducted in farmers’ ponds located in the northern region of Bangladesh from May 2017 to September 2018 to find out the most suitable combination of Tengra (Mystus vittatus) with other short-cycle fishes. For this reason, combination viz; tengra+pabda+magur+rajpunti+GIFT was considered for trial (with three treatments/combinations and three replications of each) in seasonal farmers’ ponds at 18 upazilas of the greater Rangpur region to evaluate the growth and yield performance of tengra, M. vittatus under a polyculture system. Three different stocking densities of Tengra viz., 500, 600, and 700 with (100 Magur+10 Rajpunti+5 GIFT) were treated as T1, T2, and T3 respectively. After 5 months of the culture period, (T1) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher production of Tengra (2,035 kg ha-1), total production of fishes (5,592 kg ha-1), and benefit-cost ratio (1.60) among the treatments These combinations were chosen for multi-location testing (MLT) in different locations of the northern region of Bangladesh. Three locations such as Domar (Niphamari); Kaligonj (Lalmonirhat) and Niphamari Sadar were selected for demonstration. After 5 months of multi-location testing the trials with Tengra as the main species, the highest production of Tengra (2252 kg ha-1), total production of fishes (5656 kg ha-1), and benefit-cost ratio (1.65) were found in Kaligonj with significant (P<0.05) difference among three locations. Thus, the results of multi-location trials clearly authenticated the previous findings. Therefore, the technologies of short-cycle fish species should be disseminated to fish farmers and entrepreneurs throughout the semi-arid zone of Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was conducted to assess the performance of growth, rate of survival and FCR of the different feed types in Channa striata fry at the freshwater station of the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute. The experiment was undertaken with 3 treatments (T1, T2, and T3) and each having three replications (R1, R2, and R3). Each treatment included the provision of three different feed types, with a stocking density of 1,00,000 individuals per hectare. Fry in T1 was fed a commercial feed that contained 40–35% protein at 40–10% of total body weight. In T2, 40–10% of the body weight of commercial feed, which included fish paste, was given. Contrarily, in T3 live fish fry and chopped fish were provided at 30–10% of total body weight. The mean weight gains in T1, T2, and T3 were 128.7, 140.7, and 162.3g, respectively with percentage weight gains were 81279, 87867, and 100999 respectively, as well as SGR, were 3.34%, 3.37%, and 3.45%, respectively. T1 revealed the lowest amount of weight gain, weight gain percent and SGR, whereas T3 revealed the highest. The mean survival rates at T1, T2, and T3, respectively, were 45.5%, 71.8%, and 82.67%, whereas the FCR values were 2.26, 2.05, and 1.79. T1 had the lowest survival rate and FCR values, while T3 showed the highest. These experiment findings revealed that chopped fish and live fish fry had a more optimistic effect on the survival and growth of the C. striata fry compared with other commercial feeds.
{"title":"Domestication performance of the striped snakehead Channa striata fry in pond conditions using different diets","authors":"Md. Rabiul Awal, Md. Saiful Islam, Maliha Khanom, Anuradha Bhadra, Yahia Mahmud","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.0803014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0803014","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted to assess the performance of growth, rate of survival and FCR of the different feed types in Channa striata fry at the freshwater station of the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute. The experiment was undertaken with 3 treatments (T1, T2, and T3) and each having three replications (R1, R2, and R3). Each treatment included the provision of three different feed types, with a stocking density of 1,00,000 individuals per hectare. Fry in T1 was fed a commercial feed that contained 40–35% protein at 40–10% of total body weight. In T2, 40–10% of the body weight of commercial feed, which included fish paste, was given. Contrarily, in T3 live fish fry and chopped fish were provided at 30–10% of total body weight. The mean weight gains in T1, T2, and T3 were 128.7, 140.7, and 162.3g, respectively with percentage weight gains were 81279, 87867, and 100999 respectively, as well as SGR, were 3.34%, 3.37%, and 3.45%, respectively. T1 revealed the lowest amount of weight gain, weight gain percent and SGR, whereas T3 revealed the highest. The mean survival rates at T1, T2, and T3, respectively, were 45.5%, 71.8%, and 82.67%, whereas the FCR values were 2.26, 2.05, and 1.79. T1 had the lowest survival rate and FCR values, while T3 showed the highest. These experiment findings revealed that chopped fish and live fish fry had a more optimistic effect on the survival and growth of the C. striata fry compared with other commercial feeds.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The farming of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has conquered the significant popularity in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily due to its remarkable faster growth rate. The growth performance of the species makes it an attractive choice for many fish farmers. Additionally, Tilapia exhibits a commendable resilience to disease, further enhancing its appeal as a farming option. Furthermore, the low trophic feeding levels of Tilapia contribute to its desirability, making it an efficient and sustainable choice for nutrition-conscious individuals. Due to the increasing prevalence of aquaculture production, there has been a significant surge in the demand for fishmeal. This particular protein source has relished the widespread popularity for many years and its demand has now more than doubled. The current growth rate of the aquaculture industry is outpacing the available fishmeal supplies, which are insufficient to meet the demand. According to scientific studies, it has been found that fishmeal can be effectively replaced with alternative sources without compromising the overall performance of the fish. This article presents a compelling case for the practicality of replacing fishmeal with alternative protein sources in the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives include terrestrial animal by-products, oilseed plants, single-cell proteins, and protein-rich plant derivatives. In order to mitigate the environmental impact of the fishmeal industry, it is crucial to implement measures that can effectively address this concern. Moreover, it is crucial to highlight the significance of these sources from a nutritional perspective. The blood meal, meat and bone meal are highly beneficial options for incorporating essential amino acids and protein into the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives offer a rich source of nutrients that can effectively replace fishmeal. The minerals instead of amino acids could improve plant protein performance. Due to inconsistent findings, aquatic plants and single-cell proteins in Tilapia meals should be carefully considered. Fishmeal replacers need biological and economic analyses. Long-term evaluations should be done in practical culture systems rather than labs. In conclusion, it is imperative for Tilapia producers to contemplate the utilization of alternative dietary sources, as extensive research has demonstrated the scientific feasibility of substituting the fishmeal in the diet of Tilapia.
{"title":"Alternative protein sources as a replacement of fish meal in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus: A review","authors":"Md. Hashibur Rahman, Mohammad Ashraful Alam, None Flura, Md. Moniruzzaman, Sharmin Sultana, Md. Rakibul Islam, Anik Talukdar","doi":"10.26832/24566632.2023.0803024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2023.0803024","url":null,"abstract":"The farming of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) has conquered the significant popularity in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily due to its remarkable faster growth rate. The growth performance of the species makes it an attractive choice for many fish farmers. Additionally, Tilapia exhibits a commendable resilience to disease, further enhancing its appeal as a farming option. Furthermore, the low trophic feeding levels of Tilapia contribute to its desirability, making it an efficient and sustainable choice for nutrition-conscious individuals. Due to the increasing prevalence of aquaculture production, there has been a significant surge in the demand for fishmeal. This particular protein source has relished the widespread popularity for many years and its demand has now more than doubled. The current growth rate of the aquaculture industry is outpacing the available fishmeal supplies, which are insufficient to meet the demand. According to scientific studies, it has been found that fishmeal can be effectively replaced with alternative sources without compromising the overall performance of the fish. This article presents a compelling case for the practicality of replacing fishmeal with alternative protein sources in the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives include terrestrial animal by-products, oilseed plants, single-cell proteins, and protein-rich plant derivatives. In order to mitigate the environmental impact of the fishmeal industry, it is crucial to implement measures that can effectively address this concern. Moreover, it is crucial to highlight the significance of these sources from a nutritional perspective. The blood meal, meat and bone meal are highly beneficial options for incorporating essential amino acids and protein into the diet of Tilapia. These alternatives offer a rich source of nutrients that can effectively replace fishmeal. The minerals instead of amino acids could improve plant protein performance. Due to inconsistent findings, aquatic plants and single-cell proteins in Tilapia meals should be carefully considered. Fishmeal replacers need biological and economic analyses. Long-term evaluations should be done in practical culture systems rather than labs. In conclusion, it is imperative for Tilapia producers to contemplate the utilization of alternative dietary sources, as extensive research has demonstrated the scientific feasibility of substituting the fishmeal in the diet of Tilapia.","PeriodicalId":8147,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science","volume":"311 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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