Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2228257
K. Sieling, Till Rose, Andreas Stahl, B. Reddersen, H. Kage
ABSTRACT Winter oilseed rape (OSR) is known to poorly utilize nitrogen (N), thus increasing the risk of N losses. In five environments in Germany, eight OSR varieties were grown in combination with five fertilizer N treatments enabling to fit N response curves for each variety separately. At Hohenschulen, additional plant sampling after flowering and at harvest allowed to calculate N translocation from the vegetative plant parts into the seeds and to estimate the potential of the residues to immobilize N after harvest. Nitrogen fertilization increased seed and N yield. Varieties differed significantly in their yields and consequently in their NUE, however, without any significant interaction with the N supply. Total N accumulation at harvest, (N) harvest index and N translocation after flowering into the seeds as well as the N immobilization potential (Ipot) of the residues followed a similar pattern. Without N, the low amount of residues reduced Ipot despite the wide C/N ratio, while a high N fertilization only slightly increased the amount of residues, but clearly decreased their C/N ratio resulting in a lower Ipot. Our results support the approach that breeding for increased seed yields seems to be the most promising way to also improve NUE.
{"title":"Differences in N use efficiency, N translocation and N immobilization capacity of their residues of oilseed rape varieties due to N fertilization","authors":"K. Sieling, Till Rose, Andreas Stahl, B. Reddersen, H. Kage","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2228257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2228257","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Winter oilseed rape (OSR) is known to poorly utilize nitrogen (N), thus increasing the risk of N losses. In five environments in Germany, eight OSR varieties were grown in combination with five fertilizer N treatments enabling to fit N response curves for each variety separately. At Hohenschulen, additional plant sampling after flowering and at harvest allowed to calculate N translocation from the vegetative plant parts into the seeds and to estimate the potential of the residues to immobilize N after harvest. Nitrogen fertilization increased seed and N yield. Varieties differed significantly in their yields and consequently in their NUE, however, without any significant interaction with the N supply. Total N accumulation at harvest, (N) harvest index and N translocation after flowering into the seeds as well as the N immobilization potential (Ipot) of the residues followed a similar pattern. Without N, the low amount of residues reduced Ipot despite the wide C/N ratio, while a high N fertilization only slightly increased the amount of residues, but clearly decreased their C/N ratio resulting in a lower Ipot. Our results support the approach that breeding for increased seed yields seems to be the most promising way to also improve NUE.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47717994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2225433
Fei Qin, D. Rao, Hongyan Yu, Yunlong Han, Gaowei Pan, Zhongsheng Hu, Yue Teng, Fukang Lyu, Pu Yan, Hui-min Yang, Houru Cheng, Luyi Zou
ABSTRACT To alleviate soil deterioration caused by tobacco continuous cropping obstacles, the effect of reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) on soil physicochemical and biological characteristics as well as tobacco growth was investigated through a pot experiment, with four treatments including control (CK), moderate nitrogen fertilizer application (NF), RSD, and RSD coupled with NF (RF). Results showed that soil pH, the content of organic matter, available P and available Fe were significantly increased after using RSD technology. Moreover, RSD technology boosted the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadota (9.0–12.0%), Chloroflexi (4.0–11.0%), and Ascomycota (10.0–12.0%) while decreasing the relative abundance of Mucoromycota (2–4%). Therefore, the biomass and quality of tobacco were also improved after the RSD application. Compared with CK, the biomass of tobacco at the mature stage was increased by 233.7–262.8% by RSD technology, and the chemical coordination (sugar difference, sugar alkali ratio and alkali nitrogen ratio) of the plant was also significantly improved. This study verified the feasibility of RSD technology in repairing soil deterioration caused by tobacco continuous cropping obstacles and provided theoretical and technical support for long-term tobacco production.
{"title":"Reductive soil disinfestation to improve soil properties in long-term tobacco cultivation","authors":"Fei Qin, D. Rao, Hongyan Yu, Yunlong Han, Gaowei Pan, Zhongsheng Hu, Yue Teng, Fukang Lyu, Pu Yan, Hui-min Yang, Houru Cheng, Luyi Zou","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2225433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2225433","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To alleviate soil deterioration caused by tobacco continuous cropping obstacles, the effect of reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) on soil physicochemical and biological characteristics as well as tobacco growth was investigated through a pot experiment, with four treatments including control (CK), moderate nitrogen fertilizer application (NF), RSD, and RSD coupled with NF (RF). Results showed that soil pH, the content of organic matter, available P and available Fe were significantly increased after using RSD technology. Moreover, RSD technology boosted the relative abundance of Gemmatimonadota (9.0–12.0%), Chloroflexi (4.0–11.0%), and Ascomycota (10.0–12.0%) while decreasing the relative abundance of Mucoromycota (2–4%). Therefore, the biomass and quality of tobacco were also improved after the RSD application. Compared with CK, the biomass of tobacco at the mature stage was increased by 233.7–262.8% by RSD technology, and the chemical coordination (sugar difference, sugar alkali ratio and alkali nitrogen ratio) of the plant was also significantly improved. This study verified the feasibility of RSD technology in repairing soil deterioration caused by tobacco continuous cropping obstacles and provided theoretical and technical support for long-term tobacco production.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46466971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-27DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2217746
José Alfredo Nunes, Edivan Rodrigues de Souza, Rachel Muylaert Locks Guimarães, Cínthia Carla Claudino Grangeiro Nunes, Monaliza Alves dos Santos, B. Schaffer
ABSTRACT Soil structure has a significant impact on sugarcane production. This research evaluated the effects of controlled traffic on soil physical quality (SPQ). The following four management systems (MS) were evaluated: rainfed sugarcane cultivation and the application of vinasse (RV); irrigated sugarcane cultivation (I); irrigated sugarcane cultivation and application of vinasse (IV), and native vegetation (no sugarcane or irrigation; NV) as a reference. Soil samples were collected within sugarcane rows (WR) and between rows (BR) (used exclusively for agricultural machinery traffic) from mini-trenches for visual evaluation of soil structure (VESS) based on a scale from 1 to 5. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected for measuring indicators of SPQ.All SPQ variables differed (p < 0.05) between WR and BR, demonstrating the efficiency of controlled machinery traffic for SPQ. None of the managements systems reached the critical limit of 2.0 MPa for soil resistance penetration. The average of saturated hydraulic conductivity for WR were 220.2 mm h−1, 126.8 mm h−1, and 49.4 mm h−1 to IV, I e RV, respectively. SPQ followed the order: NV > IV > I > RV. The VESS was efficient for estimating SPQ and the scores were below 3.0 in all crop management systems.
{"title":"Effect of controlled traffic on maintaining physical soil quality in sugarcane fields under different crop management systems","authors":"José Alfredo Nunes, Edivan Rodrigues de Souza, Rachel Muylaert Locks Guimarães, Cínthia Carla Claudino Grangeiro Nunes, Monaliza Alves dos Santos, B. Schaffer","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2217746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2217746","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Soil structure has a significant impact on sugarcane production. This research evaluated the effects of controlled traffic on soil physical quality (SPQ). The following four management systems (MS) were evaluated: rainfed sugarcane cultivation and the application of vinasse (RV); irrigated sugarcane cultivation (I); irrigated sugarcane cultivation and application of vinasse (IV), and native vegetation (no sugarcane or irrigation; NV) as a reference. Soil samples were collected within sugarcane rows (WR) and between rows (BR) (used exclusively for agricultural machinery traffic) from mini-trenches for visual evaluation of soil structure (VESS) based on a scale from 1 to 5. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected for measuring indicators of SPQ.All SPQ variables differed (p < 0.05) between WR and BR, demonstrating the efficiency of controlled machinery traffic for SPQ. None of the managements systems reached the critical limit of 2.0 MPa for soil resistance penetration. The average of saturated hydraulic conductivity for WR were 220.2 mm h−1, 126.8 mm h−1, and 49.4 mm h−1 to IV, I e RV, respectively. SPQ followed the order: NV > IV > I > RV. The VESS was efficient for estimating SPQ and the scores were below 3.0 in all crop management systems.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44001298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2214079
A. Cervera-Mata, C. Mondini, A. Fernández-Arteaga, T. Sinicco, G. Delgado
ABSTRACT Spent coffee grounds (SCG) and derived products have characteristics (high content of carbon and nutrients) that make them potentially useful as soil amendments. To evaluate the impact of SCG and derived products on soil functionality, an incubation (30 days) was performed with a soil amended with different doses (0.5, 1 and 1.75%) of SCG, a biochar produced from SCG at 270 °C (B270) and a hydrochar produced from SCG at 200 °C (H200). During incubation, the following parameters were measured: CO2 and N2O emissions, extractable organic Carbon (EOC), extractable Nitrogen (EN), NO3 − and NH4 +, microbial biomass Carbon (BC) and Nitrogen (BN). Soil amended with the most degradable materials (SCG and H200) showed greater amounts of CO2, BC and EOC, but also N immobilization. B270 was the most efficient amendment for the retention of added C and led to less N immobilization when compared with SCG and H200. SCG derived amendments can fulfil different functions in soil: SCG and H200 are more indicated for increasing C mineralization and microbial pool, while B270 is more effective at enhancing organic C levels. Higher rates of application generally led to more positive impacts on soil functioning, with the only limitation being short-term N immobilization.
{"title":"Influence of the application of charred and uncharred spent coffee grounds on soil Carbon and Nitrogen cycles","authors":"A. Cervera-Mata, C. Mondini, A. Fernández-Arteaga, T. Sinicco, G. Delgado","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2214079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2214079","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Spent coffee grounds (SCG) and derived products have characteristics (high content of carbon and nutrients) that make them potentially useful as soil amendments. To evaluate the impact of SCG and derived products on soil functionality, an incubation (30 days) was performed with a soil amended with different doses (0.5, 1 and 1.75%) of SCG, a biochar produced from SCG at 270 °C (B270) and a hydrochar produced from SCG at 200 °C (H200). During incubation, the following parameters were measured: CO2 and N2O emissions, extractable organic Carbon (EOC), extractable Nitrogen (EN), NO3 − and NH4 +, microbial biomass Carbon (BC) and Nitrogen (BN). Soil amended with the most degradable materials (SCG and H200) showed greater amounts of CO2, BC and EOC, but also N immobilization. B270 was the most efficient amendment for the retention of added C and led to less N immobilization when compared with SCG and H200. SCG derived amendments can fulfil different functions in soil: SCG and H200 are more indicated for increasing C mineralization and microbial pool, while B270 is more effective at enhancing organic C levels. Higher rates of application generally led to more positive impacts on soil functioning, with the only limitation being short-term N immobilization.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44623281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2214503
Mingsheng Pan, Hengtong Wang, Shiqi Hu, J. Cai, Qin Zhou, T. Dai, W. Cao, Dong Jiang, Yingxin Zhong
ABSTRACT Bread is one of the most important processed foods of wheat flour worldwide. Breadmaking quality is determined by grain protein content and its composition and is highly influenced by fertilization management. This study investigated the effects of spraying different combinations of exogenous regulators on breadmaking quality of the flour. Three spraying schemes including Potassium glutamate+Zinc+Urea (G), Methionine+ Zinc+Urea (M), Cysteine+ Zinc+Urea (C) were screened out to improve the yield and total protein contents in the flour. In addition to protein, the amounts of gliadin, glutenin, glutenin subunits, and gluten were elevated in the treatments listed above. Exogenous regulators, on the other hand, increased bread volume by 14% to 17%. In comparison to G and C, M treatment more efficiently increased the protein quality of inner endosperm rather than aleurone, resulting in superior gluten quality and breadmaking quality of the flour. Our results provide an optimizing combination for improving the quality of bread wheat and demonstrate the varied modulations of exogenous regulators on the spatial distribution of protein in wheat grain.
{"title":"Spraying exogenous regulators improves breadmaking quality and modifies the spatial distribution of gluten protein","authors":"Mingsheng Pan, Hengtong Wang, Shiqi Hu, J. Cai, Qin Zhou, T. Dai, W. Cao, Dong Jiang, Yingxin Zhong","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2214503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2214503","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Bread is one of the most important processed foods of wheat flour worldwide. Breadmaking quality is determined by grain protein content and its composition and is highly influenced by fertilization management. This study investigated the effects of spraying different combinations of exogenous regulators on breadmaking quality of the flour. Three spraying schemes including Potassium glutamate+Zinc+Urea (G), Methionine+ Zinc+Urea (M), Cysteine+ Zinc+Urea (C) were screened out to improve the yield and total protein contents in the flour. In addition to protein, the amounts of gliadin, glutenin, glutenin subunits, and gluten were elevated in the treatments listed above. Exogenous regulators, on the other hand, increased bread volume by 14% to 17%. In comparison to G and C, M treatment more efficiently increased the protein quality of inner endosperm rather than aleurone, resulting in superior gluten quality and breadmaking quality of the flour. Our results provide an optimizing combination for improving the quality of bread wheat and demonstrate the varied modulations of exogenous regulators on the spatial distribution of protein in wheat grain.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45732058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2214078
Shuyuan Wang, Yu Liu, Xiangfeng Ma, Qingqing Jiang, Guoguang Wang
ABSTRACT There are serious problems with degradation of Suaeda salsa (S. salsa) in Liaohe estuary wetland, Liaodong Bay, Northeast China, which may be mainly caused by the high nitrogen runoff of the upstream ecosystem. This study investigated the effect of nitrogen addition on the nitrogen transformation of S. salsa and soil by 15N labeling technology and the oxidative stress to S. salsa, thereby exploring the cause of the degradation. The dry weight (by 45.2%–67.3%) of S. salsa and the abundance of ammonium monooxygenase (amoB) (by 62%–75%) gene in soil decreased under high concentration of nitrogen conditions. The dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) (by 3%–14.2%) and total nitrogen (TN) (by 75%–89.7%) content in soil increased with increasing nitrogen addition. The hydrogen peroxide (by 5.9%–14.6%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (by 9.6%–14.7%) content of S. salsa increased with increasing nitrogen addition. Therefore, high concentration of nitrogen not only decreased the biomass of S. salsa but also caused the waste of nitrogen source. High concentration of nitrogen weakened the nitrification of soil microorganisms and caused oxidative stress to S. salsa. The addition of high concentration of nitrogen was evidenced to be one of the main reasons for the degradation of S. salsa in the present study.
{"title":"Nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant system responses of Suaeda salsa to nitrogen addition","authors":"Shuyuan Wang, Yu Liu, Xiangfeng Ma, Qingqing Jiang, Guoguang Wang","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2214078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2214078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There are serious problems with degradation of Suaeda salsa (S. salsa) in Liaohe estuary wetland, Liaodong Bay, Northeast China, which may be mainly caused by the high nitrogen runoff of the upstream ecosystem. This study investigated the effect of nitrogen addition on the nitrogen transformation of S. salsa and soil by 15N labeling technology and the oxidative stress to S. salsa, thereby exploring the cause of the degradation. The dry weight (by 45.2%–67.3%) of S. salsa and the abundance of ammonium monooxygenase (amoB) (by 62%–75%) gene in soil decreased under high concentration of nitrogen conditions. The dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) (by 3%–14.2%) and total nitrogen (TN) (by 75%–89.7%) content in soil increased with increasing nitrogen addition. The hydrogen peroxide (by 5.9%–14.6%) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (by 9.6%–14.7%) content of S. salsa increased with increasing nitrogen addition. Therefore, high concentration of nitrogen not only decreased the biomass of S. salsa but also caused the waste of nitrogen source. High concentration of nitrogen weakened the nitrification of soil microorganisms and caused oxidative stress to S. salsa. The addition of high concentration of nitrogen was evidenced to be one of the main reasons for the degradation of S. salsa in the present study.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43259616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2210062
N. Okoli, C. Echereobia, C. Ahukaemere, Chinonoso Chris-Emenyonu, Nnebue Obinna, A. Osisi, E. Chukwu, N. Egboka
ABSTRACT Application of soil amendment enhances redistribution of potassium (K) forms which affects K availability. Information on the effect of soil amendment on soil K dynamics is vital for management of soil K. The effects of digestate on dynamics of water soluble (WS), exchangeable K (Exch), non-exchangeable (Non-Ex) and mineral (Min) K fractions as well as maize growth and potassium uptake were investigated under a factorial experiment arranged in a completely randomized design of 5 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 t ha−1 digestate) × 3 (2, 4, 6 weeks after planting (WAP) ×2 (two growth cycles of maize). During incubation experiment, digestate application increased K fractions and altered the order of distribution of K fractions from Min > Exch > non-Ex > WS in the control soil to Min > WS > Non-Ex > Exch in the amended soil. Potassium availability increased with WAP in first cycle but decreased with WAP in second cycle due to crop uptake. Potassium uptake and dry matter yield were better in first cycle relative to second cycle. Complementing digestate with mineral fertilizer would improve K uptake and maize growth.
{"title":"Chemical fractionation and bioavailability of potassium as affected by digestate in a degraded Ultisol under maize cultivation","authors":"N. Okoli, C. Echereobia, C. Ahukaemere, Chinonoso Chris-Emenyonu, Nnebue Obinna, A. Osisi, E. Chukwu, N. Egboka","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2210062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2210062","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Application of soil amendment enhances redistribution of potassium (K) forms which affects K availability. Information on the effect of soil amendment on soil K dynamics is vital for management of soil K. The effects of digestate on dynamics of water soluble (WS), exchangeable K (Exch), non-exchangeable (Non-Ex) and mineral (Min) K fractions as well as maize growth and potassium uptake were investigated under a factorial experiment arranged in a completely randomized design of 5 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 t ha−1 digestate) × 3 (2, 4, 6 weeks after planting (WAP) ×2 (two growth cycles of maize). During incubation experiment, digestate application increased K fractions and altered the order of distribution of K fractions from Min > Exch > non-Ex > WS in the control soil to Min > WS > Non-Ex > Exch in the amended soil. Potassium availability increased with WAP in first cycle but decreased with WAP in second cycle due to crop uptake. Potassium uptake and dry matter yield were better in first cycle relative to second cycle. Complementing digestate with mineral fertilizer would improve K uptake and maize growth.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47816183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2210082
Riya Mehrotra, N. B. Lothe, R. Verma
ABSTRACT Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) is a perennial aromatic grass suitable for cultivation on a wide range of soils. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of lemongrass for utilizing alkaline lands and to examine the biochemical, yield and quality response of lemongrass cultivars on different soils. In this experiment, soils with different soil texture, i.e. S1- Clay loam soil; S2- Loamy sand soil; S3- Sandy loam soil; S4- Loam soil, were taken from different geographical locations. Physico-chemical properties, initial soil status of selected soil types were tested. Growth parameters, biochemical enzymes, yield and quality parameters of lemongrass varieties were determined. Post-harvest status of soils was also analyzed. Soil calcareousness and other soil characteristics like cation exchange capacity significantly impacted lemongrass varieties on biochemical properties such as proline content, lipid peroxidation, nitrate reductase activity, herb and oil yields, and constituents of essential oil. The herbage and oil yield of lemongrass significantly decreased with an upsurge in soil calcareousness. The total citral content in the essential oil was highest for the variety ‘Krishna’ (85.33%) grown in clay loam soil and lowest in ‘CIM-Shikhar’ variety (65.09%) grown in sandy loam soil. Post-harvest data of soils showed significant impact on soil ameliorating potential of lemongrass.
{"title":"Comparative study on changes in biochemical constituents, yield and quality of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) grown under different soil types","authors":"Riya Mehrotra, N. B. Lothe, R. Verma","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2210082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2210082","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) is a perennial aromatic grass suitable for cultivation on a wide range of soils. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of lemongrass for utilizing alkaline lands and to examine the biochemical, yield and quality response of lemongrass cultivars on different soils. In this experiment, soils with different soil texture, i.e. S1- Clay loam soil; S2- Loamy sand soil; S3- Sandy loam soil; S4- Loam soil, were taken from different geographical locations. Physico-chemical properties, initial soil status of selected soil types were tested. Growth parameters, biochemical enzymes, yield and quality parameters of lemongrass varieties were determined. Post-harvest status of soils was also analyzed. Soil calcareousness and other soil characteristics like cation exchange capacity significantly impacted lemongrass varieties on biochemical properties such as proline content, lipid peroxidation, nitrate reductase activity, herb and oil yields, and constituents of essential oil. The herbage and oil yield of lemongrass significantly decreased with an upsurge in soil calcareousness. The total citral content in the essential oil was highest for the variety ‘Krishna’ (85.33%) grown in clay loam soil and lowest in ‘CIM-Shikhar’ variety (65.09%) grown in sandy loam soil. Post-harvest data of soils showed significant impact on soil ameliorating potential of lemongrass.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49492560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2210503
M. Ghaffari, A. Gholizadeh, S. Rauf
ABSTRACT Stability of fatty acids in response to environmental conditions determines the oil quality of sunflower. The aim of this study was determining the stability of major fatty acids of sunflower under optimum and drought stress conditions in diverse regions in Iran. Thirteen sunflower hybrids were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications under optimum and drought stress conditions in Isfahan, Karaj and Kermanshah in Iran, during two years (2019–2020). The data for fatty acids were graphically analyzed using GGE-biplot method. The fatty acids contents were affected differentially by geographic locations and climatic conditions. Palmitic acid was more stable than the other fatty acids throughout the locations. Cluster analysis confirmed a location-related fatty acid expression for oleic acid content. Palmitic acid content was enhanced by drought stress. A minimum set of test environments were identified for evaluation of sunflower hybrids in terms of fatty acid content as E10 and E12 for palmitic acid, E2, E10 and E11 for stearic acid, E2, E5 and E6 for linoleic acid and E10 for oleic acid content. The results confirmed that GGE- biplot methodology could identify specific adapted hybrids to different conditions in terms of fatty acid contents.
{"title":"Dissection of genotype-by-environment interaction and stability analysis of major fatty acids in sunflower","authors":"M. Ghaffari, A. Gholizadeh, S. Rauf","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2210503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2210503","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stability of fatty acids in response to environmental conditions determines the oil quality of sunflower. The aim of this study was determining the stability of major fatty acids of sunflower under optimum and drought stress conditions in diverse regions in Iran. Thirteen sunflower hybrids were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications under optimum and drought stress conditions in Isfahan, Karaj and Kermanshah in Iran, during two years (2019–2020). The data for fatty acids were graphically analyzed using GGE-biplot method. The fatty acids contents were affected differentially by geographic locations and climatic conditions. Palmitic acid was more stable than the other fatty acids throughout the locations. Cluster analysis confirmed a location-related fatty acid expression for oleic acid content. Palmitic acid content was enhanced by drought stress. A minimum set of test environments were identified for evaluation of sunflower hybrids in terms of fatty acid content as E10 and E12 for palmitic acid, E2, E10 and E11 for stearic acid, E2, E5 and E6 for linoleic acid and E10 for oleic acid content. The results confirmed that GGE- biplot methodology could identify specific adapted hybrids to different conditions in terms of fatty acid contents.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45074282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2023.2210505
Radheshyam Yadav, Rahul Beniwal, W. Ramakrishna
ABSTRACT A major obstacle to the creation of efficient biobased disease management practices continues to be the poor integration of traditional agricultural practices and cutting-edge technical approaches. The present review will expand the understanding of organic amendments and metabolites-mediated microbial community metabolism and their mechanistic aspects in disease-suppressive soil (DSS). Organic amendments have been shown to promote the biocontrol potential of resident soil microbiota. Organic amendments positively affect the labile carbon, cation exchange content (CEC) and microbial enzymatic activity. DSS is considered a rich source of beneficial soil microbial community that produces a plethora of antibacterial metabolites. Multiple gene clusters associated with known metabolites offer mechanistic insights associated with disease-suppressive phenotypes. Organic amended soil has higher abundance of chemotaxis genes. Several strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas produce key metabolites, phenazines, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, cyclic lipopeptides and volatile organic compounds in DSS. High-resolution metagenomics combined with bioinformatics tools would be instrumental in the identification of biomarkers associated with suppressive soils. The integration of traditional and genomic approaches can be employed to infer the untapped potential of resident soil microbiomes.
{"title":"Soil Diseases Suppressiveness Conferred by Organic Farming, Practices and Microbial Metabolites","authors":"Radheshyam Yadav, Rahul Beniwal, W. Ramakrishna","doi":"10.1080/03650340.2023.2210505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2210505","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A major obstacle to the creation of efficient biobased disease management practices continues to be the poor integration of traditional agricultural practices and cutting-edge technical approaches. The present review will expand the understanding of organic amendments and metabolites-mediated microbial community metabolism and their mechanistic aspects in disease-suppressive soil (DSS). Organic amendments have been shown to promote the biocontrol potential of resident soil microbiota. Organic amendments positively affect the labile carbon, cation exchange content (CEC) and microbial enzymatic activity. DSS is considered a rich source of beneficial soil microbial community that produces a plethora of antibacterial metabolites. Multiple gene clusters associated with known metabolites offer mechanistic insights associated with disease-suppressive phenotypes. Organic amended soil has higher abundance of chemotaxis genes. Several strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas produce key metabolites, phenazines, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, cyclic lipopeptides and volatile organic compounds in DSS. High-resolution metagenomics combined with bioinformatics tools would be instrumental in the identification of biomarkers associated with suppressive soils. The integration of traditional and genomic approaches can be employed to infer the untapped potential of resident soil microbiomes.","PeriodicalId":8154,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41636722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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