Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607x205662
Erik P. Rau
Abstract Traces efforts to employ operations research (OR) in managing technological innovation in the library. Briefly discusses the World War II origins of OR and focuses on its post-war application to libraries and their efforts to improve systems of bibliographic control in the wake of the deluge of documents generated by scientific and technological advance and by the onset of the Cold War. Examines three pioneering attempts to apply OR to research libraries — by Philip Morse at MIT, Michael Buckland at the University of Lancaster, England, and by Ferdinand Leimkuhler at Purdue University. Culminates by exploring OR's legacy in the computerized research library and possible reasons for its sudden disappearance.
{"title":"Managing the machine in the stacks: operations research, bibliographic control and library computerization, 1950–2000","authors":"Erik P. Rau","doi":"10.1179/174581607x205662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607x205662","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traces efforts to employ operations research (OR) in managing technological innovation in the library. Briefly discusses the World War II origins of OR and focuses on its post-war application to libraries and their efforts to improve systems of bibliographic control in the wake of the deluge of documents generated by scientific and technological advance and by the onset of the Cold War. Examines three pioneering attempts to apply OR to research libraries — by Philip Morse at MIT, Michael Buckland at the University of Lancaster, England, and by Ferdinand Leimkuhler at Purdue University. Culminates by exploring OR's legacy in the computerized research library and possible reasons for its sudden disappearance.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"151 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607x205662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607X205635
P. McNally, G. Brown, N. Savard
Abstract In addition to being the most famous English-speaking physician of his time, Sir William Osler (1849–1919) was an important bookman. After completing an illustrious medical career in Canada and the United States, he became Regius Professor at Oxford University where he formed an outstanding History of Medicine collection, bequeathed to McGill University, Montreal, Canada. This study considers Osler's qualities as a collector and bibliographer. Also considered is the role of his bibliographic executors in successfully completing the compilation and publication of the collection's catalogue, Bibliotheca Osleriana.
{"title":"Sir William Osler, the Bibliotheca Osleriana and the creation of a history of medicine collection","authors":"P. McNally, G. Brown, N. Savard","doi":"10.1179/174581607X205635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607X205635","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In addition to being the most famous English-speaking physician of his time, Sir William Osler (1849–1919) was an important bookman. After completing an illustrious medical career in Canada and the United States, he became Regius Professor at Oxford University where he formed an outstanding History of Medicine collection, bequeathed to McGill University, Montreal, Canada. This study considers Osler's qualities as a collector and bibliographer. Also considered is the role of his bibliographic executors in successfully completing the compilation and publication of the collection's catalogue, Bibliotheca Osleriana.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"114 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607X205635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607X205644
Hildie V. Kraus
Abstract Against the backdrop of San Francisco's urban and social development, relates the history of the Mechanics' Institute of San Francisco from 1855 to 1920, including issues of membership, book selection, management and purpose. Particular attention is paid to the role of gender and class in the changing identity of the institution. Draws on library literature, contemporary material, primary sources and historical accounts to analyze the evolution and survival of the Institute.
{"title":"A cultural history of the Mechanics' Institute of San Francisco, 1855–1920","authors":"Hildie V. Kraus","doi":"10.1179/174581607X205644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607X205644","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Against the backdrop of San Francisco's urban and social development, relates the history of the Mechanics' Institute of San Francisco from 1855 to 1920, including issues of membership, book selection, management and purpose. Particular attention is paid to the role of gender and class in the changing identity of the institution. Draws on library literature, contemporary material, primary sources and historical accounts to analyze the evolution and survival of the Institute.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"115 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607X205644","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-06-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607x205653
Kathryn La Barre
Abstract Revisits the heritage of faceted classification (FC) beginning with an examination of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) in its early manifestations and the groundwork established by international documentalist groups. Early document retrieval experimentation with FC during the intensive period of system design, testing and evaluation in the 1950s and 1960s is discussed, as well as the rise of an international discourse community that sought to augment and extend the reach of FC through system implementations. A list of acronyms employed in the article is given in an appendix.
{"title":"The heritage of early FC in document reference retrieval systems, 1920–1969","authors":"Kathryn La Barre","doi":"10.1179/174581607x205653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607x205653","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Revisits the heritage of faceted classification (FC) beginning with an examination of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) in its early manifestations and the groundwork established by international documentalist groups. Early document retrieval experimentation with FC during the intensive period of system design, testing and evaluation in the 1950s and 1960s is discussed, as well as the rise of an international discourse community that sought to augment and extend the reach of FC through system implementations. A list of acronyms employed in the article is given in an appendix.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"129 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607x205653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607X177466
E. Kerslake
Abstract Existing work on the position of women in English libraries illustrates the role of gender in the establishment of the profession. This paper adds to that work by addressing a gap in the published literature. It provides a broad indication of the numbers of women working in various types of library and the characteristics of their employment in terms of seniority, salaries, access to pensions and hours of work. It explores the period between 1871, when Manchester Free Library began employing women public library workers, and 1974, when local government reorganization changed the largest library workforces, those in public and county libraries.
{"title":"'They have had to come down to the women for help!' Numerical feminization and the characteristics of women's library employment in England, 1871–1974","authors":"E. Kerslake","doi":"10.1179/174581607X177466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607X177466","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Existing work on the position of women in English libraries illustrates the role of gender in the establishment of the profession. This paper adds to that work by addressing a gap in the published literature. It provides a broad indication of the numbers of women working in various types of library and the characteristics of their employment in terms of seniority, salaries, access to pensions and hours of work. It explores the period between 1871, when Manchester Free Library began employing women public library workers, and 1974, when local government reorganization changed the largest library workforces, those in public and county libraries.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"17 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607X177466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607X177457
P. Hoare, P. Morrish, K. A. Manley, A. Black
Abstract In 2007 the journal 'Library History', chief organ of the Library and Information History Group (UK) celebrates its 40th birthday. This article records the recollections and reflections of the four individuals who have served as editor throughout the journal's history: Peter Hoare (1967–1975), Peter Morrish (1975–1987), Keith Manley (1987–2005) and Alistair Black (2005–). The order of authors given at the top of the article corresponds to the order in which they served as editor.
2007年，英国图书馆情报史小组的主要刊物《图书馆史》迎来了它的40岁生日。本文记录了在期刊历史上担任编辑的四位个人的回忆和思考:Peter Hoare (1967-1975)， Peter Morrish (1975-1987)， Keith Manley(1987-2005)和Alistair Black(2005 -)。文章顶部给出的作者顺序与他们担任编辑的顺序相对应。
{"title":"Forty years of Library History: the editors' testimony","authors":"P. Hoare, P. Morrish, K. A. Manley, A. Black","doi":"10.1179/174581607X177457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607X177457","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 2007 the journal 'Library History', chief organ of the Library and Information History Group (UK) celebrates its 40th birthday. This article records the recollections and reflections of the four individuals who have served as editor throughout the journal's history: Peter Hoare (1967–1975), Peter Morrish (1975–1987), Keith Manley (1987–2005) and Alistair Black (2005–). The order of authors given at the top of the article corresponds to the order in which they served as editor.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"15 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607X177457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607X177475
J. Traue
Abstract Contrary to the image of the mid-nineteenth-century New Zealand 'gold rush' township as a place consumed by hedonism and greed, such frontier settlements were also places where culture took root, not least in terms of the reading of material supplied by the various types of social library that were speedily established after the discovery in the early 1860s of extensive gold deposits. Gold diggers working in small groups and in geographical isolation, and the merchants, tradesmen, publicans, professionals and officials who followed them into the wilderness, felt keenly the need to connect with the outside world and with the societies they had left behind, and books, periodicals, and newspapers were an effective means of doing this.
{"title":"Reading as a 'necessity of life' on the Tuapeka goldfields in nineteenth-century New Zealand","authors":"J. Traue","doi":"10.1179/174581607X177475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607X177475","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Contrary to the image of the mid-nineteenth-century New Zealand 'gold rush' township as a place consumed by hedonism and greed, such frontier settlements were also places where culture took root, not least in terms of the reading of material supplied by the various types of social library that were speedily established after the discovery in the early 1860s of extensive gold deposits. Gold diggers working in small groups and in geographical isolation, and the merchants, tradesmen, publicans, professionals and officials who followed them into the wilderness, felt keenly the need to connect with the outside world and with the societies they had left behind, and books, periodicals, and newspapers were an effective means of doing this.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"129 1","pages":"41 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607X177475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607x177493
Peter Vodosek
Abstract Born in Dresden in 1879, the son of an artisan engraver, Walter Hofmann became one of the most innovative and influential, but also most controversial, librarians in early twentieth-century Germany. Hoffman entered librarianship having been commissioned by Ida Bienert, the wife of a wealthy manufacturer, to plan, organize and manage a public library for the inhabitants of Dresden-Plauen, a district of Dresden. The library opened in 1906. The following year Hofmann began to publish his 'pilot' ideas, which soon attracted the attention of professional colleagues. In 1913 the City of Leipzig entrusted him with the responsibility of building a city library system, which allowed him to test his library model on a larger scale. At the same time he began to extend his influence on German librarianship, an influence which continued to increase until the 1930s. His aggressive commitment, his tendency to be polemical, and his authoritarian personality, as well as his inventiveness and knowledge as an expert, made him extremely successful. But these qualities also resulted in factional conflict, the so-called 'Richtungsstreit'. After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Hofman tried to save as much as possible of his achievements, but was forced to retire when his protector, the mayor of Leipzig, Carl Goerdeler, fell from power in 1937. Hofmann passed away in Leipzig in 1952, without having regained his former importance, although his ideas retained a strong following until the 1960s. A critical evaluation of his life's work reveals that his interpretation of education and cultural enrichment was not particularly original and was deeply rooted in nineteenth-century thinking. Hofmann was an ambivalent figure who liked to behave as a reformer but who was in fact, ultimately, a 'conservative revolutionary'. A version of this paper was first presented at the Fourth Anglo-German Library History Conference, held at the British Library, September 2005. The theme of the conference was 'Libraries and Innovation'.
{"title":"Innovation and ideology: Walter Hofmann's library work in Dresden-Plauen and Leipzig","authors":"Peter Vodosek","doi":"10.1179/174581607x177493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607x177493","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Born in Dresden in 1879, the son of an artisan engraver, Walter Hofmann became one of the most innovative and influential, but also most controversial, librarians in early twentieth-century Germany. Hoffman entered librarianship having been commissioned by Ida Bienert, the wife of a wealthy manufacturer, to plan, organize and manage a public library for the inhabitants of Dresden-Plauen, a district of Dresden. The library opened in 1906. The following year Hofmann began to publish his 'pilot' ideas, which soon attracted the attention of professional colleagues. In 1913 the City of Leipzig entrusted him with the responsibility of building a city library system, which allowed him to test his library model on a larger scale. At the same time he began to extend his influence on German librarianship, an influence which continued to increase until the 1930s. His aggressive commitment, his tendency to be polemical, and his authoritarian personality, as well as his inventiveness and knowledge as an expert, made him extremely successful. But these qualities also resulted in factional conflict, the so-called 'Richtungsstreit'. After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Hofman tried to save as much as possible of his achievements, but was forced to retire when his protector, the mayor of Leipzig, Carl Goerdeler, fell from power in 1937. Hofmann passed away in Leipzig in 1952, without having regained his former importance, although his ideas retained a strong following until the 1960s. A critical evaluation of his life's work reveals that his interpretation of education and cultural enrichment was not particularly original and was deeply rooted in nineteenth-century thinking. Hofmann was an ambivalent figure who liked to behave as a reformer but who was in fact, ultimately, a 'conservative revolutionary'. A version of this paper was first presented at the Fourth Anglo-German Library History Conference, held at the British Library, September 2005. The theme of the conference was 'Libraries and Innovation'.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"63 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607x177493","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607X177501
A. Kirkeby
The history of Danish Catholicism has yet to be written, but Helge Clausen’s work on the history of Catholic literature and libraries in Denmark, a moving account written in a matter-of-fact style, tells at least part of the story. In his thesis Clausen is eager to examine the importance of the role played by literature in the Catholic Church’s strategy to convert Danes to Catholicism, 1536– 1962, and particularly to analyze how effective this activity proved from the 1880s onwards. His work provides a detailed insight into the difficult circumstances in which these libraries existed in Denmark during the period in question and in doing so tackles a subject new to most Danes. The reviewer’s own education focussed exclusively on a Protestant reading of Danish history, and Clausen’s work is a timely reminder that a parallel Catholic history of both Danish libraries and Danish culture exists.
{"title":"Review","authors":"A. Kirkeby","doi":"10.1179/174581607X177501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607X177501","url":null,"abstract":"The history of Danish Catholicism has yet to be written, but Helge Clausen’s work on the history of Catholic literature and libraries in Denmark, a moving account written in a matter-of-fact style, tells at least part of the story. In his thesis Clausen is eager to examine the importance of the role played by literature in the Catholic Church’s strategy to convert Danes to Catholicism, 1536– 1962, and particularly to analyze how effective this activity proved from the 1880s onwards. His work provides a detailed insight into the difficult circumstances in which these libraries existed in Denmark during the period in question and in doing so tackles a subject new to most Danes. The reviewer’s own education focussed exclusively on a Protestant reading of Danish history, and Clausen’s work is a timely reminder that a parallel Catholic history of both Danish libraries and Danish culture exists.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"30 1","pages":"77 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607X177501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-01DOI: 10.1179/174581607x177484
C. Cullen
Abstract This article addresses the 'public' library facilities available in Dublin, Ireland's principal city, in 1850, how these facilities improved in subsequent decades (if at all) and attempts to identify the reasons why Dublin had to wait until 1884 for its first tax-supported, 'free' public library. A version of this paper was first presented at the Fourth Anglo-German Library History Conference, held at the British Library, September 2005. The theme of the conference was 'Libraries and Innovation'.
{"title":"'Dublin is also in great need of a library which shall be at once accessible to the public and contain a good supply of modern and foreign books': Dublin's nineteenth-century 'public' libraries","authors":"C. Cullen","doi":"10.1179/174581607x177484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1179/174581607x177484","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article addresses the 'public' library facilities available in Dublin, Ireland's principal city, in 1850, how these facilities improved in subsequent decades (if at all) and attempts to identify the reasons why Dublin had to wait until 1884 for its first tax-supported, 'free' public library. A version of this paper was first presented at the Fourth Anglo-German Library History Conference, held at the British Library, September 2005. The theme of the conference was 'Libraries and Innovation'.","PeriodicalId":81856,"journal":{"name":"Library history","volume":"23 1","pages":"49 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1179/174581607x177484","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65565480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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