S. Abdullahi, David Burgess, Birgit Wessel, Luke Copland, Achim Roth
{"title":"Quantifying the impact of X-band InSAR penetration bias on elevation change and mass balance estimation","authors":"S. Abdullahi, David Burgess, Birgit Wessel, Luke Copland, Achim Roth","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139803118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jozef Rusin, Thomas Lavergne, Anthony P. Doulgeris, K. Andrea Scott
Passive-microwave sea ice concentration (SIC) algorithms employ different frequencies and polarisations in their operational implementations. Commonly, these algorithms utilise combinations such as 19/37 GHz, yielding reduced measurement uncertainties but at a coarse spatial resolution. Alternatively, these algorithms can solely use 89 GHz, producing a higher spatial resolution but with increased measurement uncertainties. This study evaluates the application of a resolution-enhancing SIC algorithm (reSICCI3LF), initially developed for the coarser Special Sensor Microwave Imager / Sounder, on the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer. By applying reSICCI3LF, we aim to produce a 5 km SIC for 2013–2020 in the Fram Strait and the Barents and Kara Sea region that gains the benefits of both types of algorithms, high spatial resolution and low measurement uncertainty.
We present the algorithm tuning, spectral analysis of spatial resolutions, and validation against the Round Robin Data Package of 0% and 100% SIC points and SIC derived from Landsat-8. The findings demonstrate that the reSICCI3LF algorithm produces a SIC field with fine details, achieving a balance between high spatial resolution and lower measurement uncertainties compared to a 89 GHz based SIC. Consequently, this resolution-enhanced SIC technique can potentially initialise higher-resolution coupled ocean and sea ice forecasting systems through data assimilation.
被动微波海冰浓度(SIC)算法在实际应用中采用不同的频率和极化。这些算法通常采用 19/37 GHz 等组合,可减少测量的不确定性,但空间分辨率较低。或者,这些算法可以只使用 89 GHz,产生更高的空间分辨率,但测量不确定性会增加。本研究评估了分辨率增强 SIC 算法(reSICCI3LF)在先进微波扫描辐射计上的应用情况,该算法最初是为更粗糙的特殊传感器微波成像仪/探测仪开发的。通过应用 reSICCI3LF,我们旨在为 2013-2020 年弗拉姆海峡、巴伦支海和喀拉海地区生成 5 公里 SIC,从而获得两种算法的优势:高空间分辨率和低测量不确定性。我们介绍了算法调整、空间分辨率光谱分析,以及根据 0% 和 100% SIC 点的循环数据包和 Landsat-8 导出的 SIC 进行的验证。研究结果表明,与基于89 GHz的SIC相比,reSICCI3LF算法能产生具有精细细节的SIC场,实现了高空间分辨率和低测量不确定性之间的平衡。因此,这种分辨率增强的 SIC 技术有可能通过数据同化技术初始化分辨率更高的海洋和海冰耦合预报系统。
{"title":"Resolution enhanced sea ice concentration: a new algorithm applied to AMSR2 microwave radiometry data","authors":"Jozef Rusin, Thomas Lavergne, Anthony P. Doulgeris, K. Andrea Scott","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Passive-microwave sea ice concentration (SIC) algorithms employ different frequencies and polarisations in their operational implementations. Commonly, these algorithms utilise combinations such as 19/37 GHz, yielding reduced measurement uncertainties but at a coarse spatial resolution. Alternatively, these algorithms can solely use 89 GHz, producing a higher spatial resolution but with increased measurement uncertainties. This study evaluates the application of a resolution-enhancing SIC algorithm (reSICCI3LF), initially developed for the coarser Special Sensor Microwave Imager / Sounder, on the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer. By applying reSICCI3LF, we aim to produce a 5 km SIC for 2013–2020 in the Fram Strait and the Barents and Kara Sea region that gains the benefits of both types of algorithms, high spatial resolution and low measurement uncertainty.</p><p>We present the algorithm tuning, spectral analysis of spatial resolutions, and validation against the Round Robin Data Package of 0% and 100% SIC points and SIC derived from Landsat-8. The findings demonstrate that the reSICCI3LF algorithm produces a SIC field with fine details, achieving a balance between high spatial resolution and lower measurement uncertainties compared to a 89 GHz based SIC. Consequently, this resolution-enhanced SIC technique can potentially initialise higher-resolution coupled ocean and sea ice forecasting systems through data assimilation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140007534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert Winkler, Michael Neuhauser, Rene Neurauter, Felix Erlacher, Walter Steinkogler, Jan-Thomas Fischer
In the course of an artificially triggered avalanche, a particle tracking procedure is combined with supplementary measurements, including Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning, terrestrial laser scanning and Doppler radar measurements. Specifically, an intertial measurement unit is mounted inside a rigid sphere, which is placed in the avalanche track. The sphere is entrained by the moving snow, recording translational accelerations, angular velocities and the flux density of Earth's magnetic field. Based on the recorded data, we present a threefold analysis: (i) a qualitative data interpretation, identifying different particle motion phases which are associated with corresponding flow regimes, (ii) a quantitative time integration algorithm, determining the corresponding particle trajectory and associated velocities on the basis of standard sensor calibration, and (iii) an improved quantitative evaluation relying on a novel in situ sensor calibration technique, which is motivated by the limitations of the given dataset. The final results, i.e. the evolution of the angular orientation of the sensor unit, translational and rotational velocities and estimates of the sensor trajectory, are assessed with respect to their reliability and relevance for avalanche dynamics as well as for future design of experiments.
{"title":"Particle tracking in snow avalanches with in situ calibrated inertial measurement units","authors":"Robert Winkler, Michael Neuhauser, Rene Neurauter, Felix Erlacher, Walter Steinkogler, Jan-Thomas Fischer","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the course of an artificially triggered avalanche, a particle tracking procedure is combined with supplementary measurements, including Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning, terrestrial laser scanning and Doppler radar measurements. Specifically, an intertial measurement unit is mounted inside a rigid sphere, which is placed in the avalanche track. The sphere is entrained by the moving snow, recording translational accelerations, angular velocities and the flux density of Earth's magnetic field. Based on the recorded data, we present a threefold analysis: (i) a qualitative data interpretation, identifying different particle motion phases which are associated with corresponding flow regimes, (ii) a quantitative time integration algorithm, determining the corresponding particle trajectory and associated velocities on the basis of standard sensor calibration, and (iii) an improved quantitative evaluation relying on a novel in situ sensor calibration technique, which is motivated by the limitations of the given dataset. The final results, i.e. the evolution of the angular orientation of the sensor unit, translational and rotational velocities and estimates of the sensor trajectory, are assessed with respect to their reliability and relevance for avalanche dynamics as well as for future design of experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140025875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Coloma, J. Aramendia, J. Huidobro, I. Población, C. García‐Florentino, Kepa Castro, G. Arana, J. Madariaga
{"title":"Weathering alteration in Antarctica environment as seen in the MIL 090030 Martian Nakhlite","authors":"L. Coloma, J. Aramendia, J. Huidobro, I. Población, C. García‐Florentino, Kepa Castro, G. Arana, J. Madariaga","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139593455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicole Schaffer, Luke Copland, Christian Zdanowicz, Regine Hock
{"title":"Modeling the surface mass balance of Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, 1959–2099 – CORRIGENDUM","authors":"Nicole Schaffer, Luke Copland, Christian Zdanowicz, Regine Hock","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francis Meloche, Louis Guillet, Francis Gauthier, Alexandre Langlois, Johan Gaume
: The spatial variability of snowpack properties can create uncertainty when assessing avalanche hazards. We suggest a combined mechanical-statistical approach to investigate how changes in slab depth can influence the probability of a skier triggering an avalanche and the potential size of the release. We begin by creating multiple slab depth maps on a fictional slope using Gaussian Random Fields (GRF) with a particular set of mean, variance and correlation length. For each slab depth maps, we calculate the Skier Propagation Index SPI. We ran simulations of multiple skier tracks and calculated the probability based on the number of skiers who encountered a zone of SPI below 1. We used a Depth-Averaged Material Point Method to evaluate the potential size of an avalanche for a given slab depth variation. This analysis has revealed that a large correlation length and small variance lead to a lower probability of skier-triggered avalanches. Additionally, skiing style and skier group size have been shown to have an effect on the probability of skier-triggering. Furthermore, spatial variability can influence the size of an avalanche by introducing stress fluctuations that can cause early or late tensile failure. We illustrate the well-established relationship in avalanche forecasting be-tween the likelihood and the consequence of an avalanche.
{"title":"Influence of slab depth spatial variability on skier-triggering probability and avalanche size","authors":"Francis Meloche, Louis Guillet, Francis Gauthier, Alexandre Langlois, Johan Gaume","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.3","url":null,"abstract":": The spatial variability of snowpack properties can create uncertainty when assessing avalanche hazards. We suggest a combined mechanical-statistical approach to investigate how changes in slab depth can influence the probability of a skier triggering an avalanche and the potential size of the release. We begin by creating multiple slab depth maps on a fictional slope using Gaussian Random Fields (GRF) with a particular set of mean, variance and correlation length. For each slab depth maps, we calculate the Skier Propagation Index SPI. We ran simulations of multiple skier tracks and calculated the probability based on the number of skiers who encountered a zone of SPI below 1. We used a Depth-Averaged Material Point Method to evaluate the potential size of an avalanche for a given slab depth variation. This analysis has revealed that a large correlation length and small variance lead to a lower probability of skier-triggered avalanches. Additionally, skiing style and skier group size have been shown to have an effect on the probability of skier-triggering. Furthermore, spatial variability can influence the size of an avalanche by introducing stress fluctuations that can cause early or late tensile failure. We illustrate the well-established relationship in avalanche forecasting be-tween the likelihood and the consequence of an avalanche.","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Romshoo, Tariq Abdullah, Ummer Ameen, Mustafa Hameed Bhat
{"title":"Glacier thickness and volume estimation in the Upper Indus Basin using modelling and ground penetrating radar measurements","authors":"S. Romshoo, Tariq Abdullah, Ummer Ameen, Mustafa Hameed Bhat","doi":"10.1017/aog.2024.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2024.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xingchen Liu, Lu An, Gang Hai, Huan Xie, Rongxing Li
Melting and calving of glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland could potentially contribute significantly to global sea level rise. Updates to existing outlines that provide critical glacier baseline information in both regions could help in the analysis of particular changes in glacier parameters such as area and volume from time-series inventories. Here we synthesize previously established techniques and apply new multi-source datasets to update glacier outlines in selected test areas of Antarctica and Greenland, as well as to reduce uncertainties and errors during the mapping process. The workflow includes mapping glacier boundaries, subdividing glaciers by watersheds and assigning glacier attributes. Complicated glacier scenarios and updating challenges in polar regions are discussed and demonstrated by representative case studies. For the first time in Antarctica, we analyze the effect of terminus types on mapped glacier areas, and in Greenland we compare the differences with glacier mapping results using Landsat OLI and ETM+. With new data sources, the methods described in this study might help to create glacier outlines on a larger scale in Antarctica and Greenland. Although data sources can be substituted, the enormous amount of manual labor required to update glacier inventories remains a significant challenge.
南极洲和格陵兰岛的冰川和冰盖的融化和塌陷可能会大大加剧全球海平面的上升。对这两个地区提供重要冰川基线信息的现有轮廓进行更新,有助于分析冰川参数的特定变化,如来自时间序列清单的面积和体积。在此,我们综合运用以前建立的技术和新的多源数据集,更新南极洲和格陵兰岛选定测试区域的冰川轮廓,并减少制图过程中的不确定性和误差。工作流程包括绘制冰川边界、按流域细分冰川以及分配冰川属性。通过有代表性的案例研究,讨论并展示了极地地区复杂的冰川情况和更新挑战。在南极洲,我们首次分析了终点类型对绘制的冰川面积的影响;在格陵兰岛,我们比较了使用 Landsat OLI 和 ETM+ 的冰川绘制结果之间的差异。有了新的数据源,本研究中描述的方法可能有助于在南极洲和格陵兰岛绘制更大范围的冰川轮廓。尽管数据源可以被替代,但更新冰川清单所需的大量人工劳动仍然是一项重大挑战。
{"title":"Updating glacier inventories on the periphery of Antarctica and Greenland using multi-source data","authors":"Xingchen Liu, Lu An, Gang Hai, Huan Xie, Rongxing Li","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.75","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Melting and calving of glaciers and ice caps in Antarctica and Greenland could potentially contribute significantly to global sea level rise. Updates to existing outlines that provide critical glacier baseline information in both regions could help in the analysis of particular changes in glacier parameters such as area and volume from time-series inventories. Here we synthesize previously established techniques and apply new multi-source datasets to update glacier outlines in selected test areas of Antarctica and Greenland, as well as to reduce uncertainties and errors during the mapping process. The workflow includes mapping glacier boundaries, subdividing glaciers by watersheds and assigning glacier attributes. Complicated glacier scenarios and updating challenges in polar regions are discussed and demonstrated by representative case studies. For the first time in Antarctica, we analyze the effect of terminus types on mapped glacier areas, and in Greenland we compare the differences with glacier mapping results using Landsat OLI and ETM+. With new data sources, the methods described in this study might help to create glacier outlines on a larger scale in Antarctica and Greenland. Although data sources can be substituted, the enormous amount of manual labor required to update glacier inventories remains a significant challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139397100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perennial ice can be studied for many purposes, including paleoclimate records or rheological properties. For most of those purposes, the ice microstructure must be studied, often through optical microscopy. The aim of this work is to assess the viability of immersion microscopy for the study of ice microstructures. It consists of using an oil between the objective lens and the specimen, to increase image resolution. Immersion microscopy is a technique well-developed for the investigation of diverse materials, but it has so far not been explored for ice research. Here we investigate the challenges and advantages of that technique. The main challenge is related to the selection of the immersion oil itself, which must satisfy a number of criteria, ranging from refractive index and viscosity to toxicity and reactivity. We identify pure silicone oil (dimethicone) as a simple and safe option for immersion microscopy of inner ice structures. Among its advantages, it provides higher resolution (compared to standard ‘dry’ microscopy) and it can be simultaneously used as a long-term coating to prevent undesired sublimation of the ice-sample surfaces. For the observation of surface structures, however, another type of oil with higher refractive index should be used.
{"title":"Development of a low-temperature immersion microscopy technique for ice research","authors":"Bittor Muniozguren-Arostegi, Patricia Muñoz-Marzagon, Sérgio Henrique Faria","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.74","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perennial ice can be studied for many purposes, including paleoclimate records or rheological properties. For most of those purposes, the ice microstructure must be studied, often through optical microscopy. The aim of this work is to assess the viability of immersion microscopy for the study of ice microstructures. It consists of using an oil between the objective lens and the specimen, to increase image resolution. Immersion microscopy is a technique well-developed for the investigation of diverse materials, but it has so far not been explored for ice research. Here we investigate the challenges and advantages of that technique. The main challenge is related to the selection of the immersion oil itself, which must satisfy a number of criteria, ranging from refractive index and viscosity to toxicity and reactivity. We identify pure silicone oil (dimethicone) as a simple and safe option for immersion microscopy of inner ice structures. Among its advantages, it provides higher resolution (compared to standard ‘dry’ microscopy) and it can be simultaneously used as a long-term coating to prevent undesired sublimation of the ice-sample surfaces. For the observation of surface structures, however, another type of oil with higher refractive index should be used.</p>","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139101869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel method to visualize liquid distribution in snow: Superimposition of MRI and X-ray CT images","authors":"Satoru Yamaguchi, Satoru Adachi, S. Sunako","doi":"10.1017/aog.2023.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2023.77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Glaciology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}