Annual research & review in biology最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Planting Date on Growing Degree Units, Grain Yield and Growth Traits of Some Egyptian Yellow Maize Inbred Lines","authors":"Khalifa, K. I., M. S. Abd El-Latif, H. A. A. Mohamed, M. M. D. Darwish, A. K. Mostafa, N. A. Hasan","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2023/v38i630592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2023/v38i630592","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in 2021 to study the impact of planting date on maize inbred lines and determine their accumulated growing degree units (GDU).The experiment was held at three agriculture research stations (Gemmeiza, Ismaelia and Sids) with RCBD of four replications. It was planned to provide also some insights to optimize maize production and mitigate the impact of climatic changes to all researchers in the scientific community. Three planting dates i.e. April 20th (early), May20th (optimal) and June 20th (moderately late) were applied to investigate their effect on number of days to 50% tasselling and silking, plant height and grain yield of 16 Egyptian yellow maize inbred lines. In addition, to determine accumulated growing degree units (GDU) from planting to 50% silking. Results revealed highly significant differences among tested inbreds for all studied traits at the three planting dates indicating presence of genetic diversity among tested inbreds. Also, the same trend was found for differences among locations and inbreds x location indicating climatic variability among the three testing locations and that inbreds behaved differently at different locations due to differences in climatic conditions among locations and also genetic diversity among inbreds. Number of days to 50% tasselling and silking was reduced from April to June planting as a result of increased temperatures during plant development. Longest plant heights were obtained in April planting as a result of prolonged vegetative growth due to cool - moderate temperatures prevailing at early vegetative growth. Grain yield of all tested inbreds was reduced, with few exceptions, in June 20th planting as a result of high temperatures prevailing at time of tasselling and silking which resulted in pollen, stigma or fertilization abortion and caused poor seed setting. Highest yield of studied inbreds was obtained at Gemmeize location in April 20th planting and it is recommended as a suitable production location for inbreds. Inbred Sakha 3 was the best performing under variable planting dates. Also, inbreds Sakha 1, Sakha 11, Gz 639 and Gm 1021 performed well on certain planting dates. Determination of accumulated growing degree units for tested inbreds revealed big variation among them as a result of genetic diversity of inbreds and matched well with variation present in their silking dates and specified earliness or lateness of tested inbreds. Results of GDU would help in expectation of timing for many agricultural practices such beginning of detasselling process and harvest time in hybrid breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135306562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Prevalence of Oxis Contact in Primary Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Sonal Gupta, Asmita Das, Abhinandan Patra, Antra Saket","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2023/v38i630591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2023/v38i630591","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate four different types of OXIS contact areas (open [O], point [X], straight [I], and curved [S]) in primary teeth using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) among 3- to 9-year-old children.
 Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed using cone-beam computed tomography images of children, available from January 1, 2022, to July 31, 2023 in Mathura district showing the presence of caries-free contact area between primary right maxillary and mandibular 1st and 2nd molar. In this study, 65 selected contacts using OXIS criteria from the occluso-cervical and axial view at coronal level using CBCT.
 Result: Based on the shapes observed, the results showed four distinct types of contact regions between the primary molars, namely, O type, X type, I type, and S type; hence, the suggested categorization is known as OXIS. I type was the most prevalent pattern in the maxilla (47.06%), while O type was the most prevalent pattern in the mandible (50%).
 Conclusion: There are four types of intact interproximal contact areas between primary molars, which can be evaluated in three dimensions. These types are O, X, I and S. In maxilla, pattern was
 I > O > X > S whereas in mandible pattern was O > X > I = S.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136192854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) and Chromium (Cr) Accumulation in Different Organs of Commercially Important Fish Species Collected from Chattogram Coastal Region of Bangladesh.","authors":"Afifa Siddiqua, Sk. Istiaque Ahmed, Maria Al Mazed, Zannatun Nur Popy, Md. Ashraful Islam, Md. Fahad Bin Quader","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130480","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there are any significant toxic effects of the widely exposed metals on different organs (gill, liver, kidney, and muscle) of some commercially important marine fish species (Herpodon nehereus, Pampus chinensis and Hilsa ilisha). \u0000Study Design: The collection of the samples was done from January to March 2018 from Bay of Bengal near Chattogram city of Bangladesh. The study is based on randomly collected samples from the intended sampling sites (Randomized Block Design) to ensure the evenness and unbiases of the collected samples. \u0000Methodology: Analyses were performed for metals such as arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). During each month, five individuals each with three replications from the three targeted species were collected, with a total of 135 (45*3) fishes in the study period. \u0000Results: The concentrations of the metals found in the fishes varied in the following ranges: As: 0.029-0.071 ppm, Pb: 0.008-0.083 ppm and Cr: 0.0001-0.03 ppm. The obtained result revealed the highest concentrations of all three metals were recorded in H.nehereus fish. The organ wise lead concentration was recorded highest in kidneys and gills of examined fishes with significant variation in muscles and liver. The scenario depicted quite differently in case of chromium where concentration in gills was found to be the highest with insignificant variation in accumulation in other three organs. In case of Arsenic, kidneys and livers were the most exposed two organs in comparison to significant exposure to muscles and gills. The obtained values of arsenic accumulation were considered critical for human consumption as it was higher than the recommended values stated by WHO and FAO; but the concentration of lead and chromium were found to be safe for human consumption. The values recorded for lead were increasingly approached to the safety values. \u0000Conclusion: So, crucial steps should be taken regarding safety and environmentally friendly discharge of arsenic and lead; high levels of pollution will not only affect aquatic life but will also invite socio-economic disasters.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84673419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Selenium-yeast on Cognitive Performance on Pregnant Dams Exposed to Noise Stress","authors":"Okwute Michael Ochayi, B. Anyaehie, E. Iyare, Danazumi Umar Haruna, Andrew E. Ivang","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130479","url":null,"abstract":"A total of twelve pregnant Wistar rats were used, and randomly divided into three groups (n=4). Group A (negative control), not exposed to noise stress), group B (1mL/kg of distilled water + 4h /15 days noise stress), group C (0.04 mg/kg) of selenium-yeast + 4 h/15 days noise stress). On day 18 and 19 of gestation cognitive tests were conducted using Y-maze and Novel Object Recognition Test. A significant increase (P ˂ 0.05) was observed in the percentage alternation and discrimination index in group A compared with group B. However, the percentage alternation and DI were significantly (P ˂ 0.05) decreased in group C compared with group B. In conclusion, noise stress induces cognitive deficit, this deficit can be mitigated with the administration of selenium-yeast.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85056423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitic Contamination of Fresh Bitter Leaf Vegetables - Onugbu (Vernonia amygdalina): A Case Study of Farms in Nimo, Njikoka Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"O. A. Okeke, N. N. Udemba, N. Udeh, C. A. Imakwu, C. Nwadike, I. O. Nnatuanya, N. V. Elosiuba, C. Egwuagu, P. I. Afoemezie, C. Obudulu","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130476","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Vegetables form a major component of the human diet; however, some agricultural practices may put consumers at risk of parasitic infections. There is high consumption of   bitter leaf (Onugbu) in the rural part of Nigeria. They are eaten raw as medicinal herbs by some people. The culture of inadequate or poor washing of vegetables could pose significant and major health threats to the consumers. The aim of the study was to identify some of the parasites that may be attached to the locally consumed edible vegetable Vernonia amygdalina called Onugbu amongst Igbo speaking dialect in south eastern Nigeria. \u0000Study Design: This study is a survey that evaluated the parasitic contamination of bitter leaf grown in selected farms in Nimo in Njikoka Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria.  \u0000Duration: The study lasted for six months.  \u0000Methodology: V. amygdalina leaf samples were bought directly from the farmers at 300 Naira per rap. The examination of sample was carried out using sedimentation method. Samples weighing 50g were gently washed in normal saline water.  The water used in washing was filtered and centrifuged at 300g to concentrate the parasitic stages and also to avoid damages. The sediments obtained were transferred unto labelled clean slides and examined under the light microscope at x 40 objective lens. \u0000Results: Parasites were detected in all samples collected from the farm. The commonest parasite was Entamoeba histolytica (cyst 45.5%); other parasites seen are Entamoeba coli (cyst 13.6%), B. coli (trophozoite 27.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides (ova 9.1%) and Strongyloides stercolaris (larva 4. 6%). \u0000Conclusion and Recommendations: The results provide evidence of contamination of bitter leaves from farms in Nimo in Njikoka Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria with parasites of public health importance.  To avoid infection, humans should wash the leaves of this vegetable with running water or salt and water before it is eating raw.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81355037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Activities of Vitamin C and Bi-carbonate Buffers on Hormones Secretion and Serum Metabolites of Heat-stressed Rabbit Buck","authors":"K. Anoh, E. E. Archibong, E. Nsa, E. Udoekong, N. Jimmy","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130478","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To evaluate the antioxidant activities of vitamin C and bicarbonate buffers on hormones secretion and serum metabolites of heat-stressed rabbit buck. \u0000Methodology: A total of twenty-five (25) Adult rabbit bucks (New Zealand White crosses) of 12 months old were used in this study. The rabbits were randomly allotted into the experimental treatments of five treatment groups with five (5) rabbits per treatment in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatment groups consisted of Control, Sodium Bicarbonate (Na2HCO3) and Potassium bicarbonate (KNO3), Vitamin C, and baobab fruit pulp meal (BFPM) as supplements respectively. The experiment lasted for 9 weeks. Temperature humidity of the pen house and thermoregulatory condition of the rabbits were evaluated. Blood samples (5 ml) were collected from the ear vein at 10.00 h from four rabbits chosen randomly from each group of rabbits respectively before and the end of the experiment for serum metabolite, thyroxine and testosterone hormones evaluation. \u0000Results: It was found that Vitamin C and BFPM significantly (P<0.05) reduced thermoregulatory parameters and increased hormonal secretions. The pattern of secretion of serum metabolites was not significantly (P<0.05) consistent. \u0000Conclusion: It was concluded that Vitamin antioxidants were more effective to ameliorate heat stress than bicarbonate buffers.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85493482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mulching on Soil Water Content, Maize Performance and Weed Growth in Dry Land Area of Bangladesh","authors":"Mst. Sarmin Akter Ranu, K. Ahamed, Md. Shoriful Islam, Shamim Ara Sumi","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130477","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The objectives of the research work were to evaluate the effects of mulching on soil water content, maize performance and weed growth in dry land area of Bangladesh \u0000Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Central research field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 during November 2019 to April 2020. \u0000Methodology: The experimental field is divided into 3 blocks to represent 3 replications. There are 6 unit plots (each unit plot consists of 3m ´ 2m area) in the experimental farm. Distances of 1 m and 0.5 m are maintained between replication to replication and plots to plots, respectively. Plant to plant and row to row distances are considered to be 0.25 m and 0.75 m, respectively. The treatments are assigned in random plots. The land is ploughed four times followed by laddering to have fine tilth of the soil. The maize cultivars Shuvra and KS-510 are used as plant materials. Fig. 1 represents the six mulch treatments are imposed on the plants: Control (without mulch, CK), water hyacinth dry (10 t/ha, WH), rice straw dry (10 t/ha, RS), black polythene (4m ´ 3m, BP), white polythene (4m ´ 3m, WP), and transparent polythene (4m ´ 3m, TP) (S2). The mulches are applied as per treatment in each plot just after sowing to maintaining an equal thickness throughout the plot. Dried and cleaned mulches are used before applying to the experiment. The significance of the difference among the treatment means were estimated by the MSTAT-C package programme at 5% level of probability. \u0000Results: It is found in the experimental results that the soil water content of the no-mulching treatment is lower as compared to that of the other treatments from 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm soil depths. It is also observed that the RS mulching provides the highest soil water content, leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll contents, and total biomass. Significant enhancement of maize yield (20.55 ton/ha) is recorded for the rice straw mulching. In contrast, the weed dry weight of 7.45g/m2 is observed in the RS mulching, which is lower than the other treatments. \u0000Conclusions: Therefore, it can be concluded that the RS mulching, compared to other mulching, would be more efficient for maximum utilization of limited water resources, weed suppression as well as to increase the maize yield. The present research approach would be applicable to manage the soil water for enhancing the maize production in dry land area.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82737622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Report on Death of Dwarf Sperm Whale, Kogia sima (Order: Cetacea: Family: Kogiidae) in Vedalai Shore of Mandapam, Gulf of Mannar","authors":"K. Sadhukhan, C. Ramesh, T. Shanmugaraj, M. Murthy, S. Satish","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130475","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Present study aims to highlight an accidental death of a male Dwarf Sperm Whale scientifically known as Kogia sima which found to be as Least Concern (LC) as per IUCN Red List data. Kogia sima represents important higher trophics of marine ecosystem which faced the several threats and conservation need in Gulf of Mannar, India.  \u0000Study Design: The study undertaken during extensive coral reef monitoring survey was carried out in Gulf of Mannar under the CRAM Project of National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR). The present report emphasize the Morphometric observation of the dead Kogia sima and try to find out possible cause of death by examining in situ investigation. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The field study was taken in Vedalai Sea shore (N09°15.626’, E79°04.977’) under the Mandapam Union of Ramnathapuram District of Tamil Nadu. The male whale specimen was found on 5th May, 2019 lying dead on the sandy seashore. \u0000Methodology: Animal was photographed and morphological attributes were measured to identify the specimen. Several injuries have been highlighted in the paper which helps in investigating the cause of death. \u0000Results: The Dwarf Sperm Whale was infant and has mild damage on the mouth parts including scuff off skin from the body and severe blood clotting at major part of the right side near to pectoral fin. Death of this infant is not clear but it is assumed that the male infant has lost from his parents and came to the inshore area of Mandapam where it gets stuck with running boat or boulder rocks as this immature whale limits its diving capabilities. The necessary morphological characters and measures have been listed in Table 1. \u0000Conclusion: This unfortunate death clearly indicated that acute information on ecological behavior of Dwarf Sperm Whale is still under data collection stage in India and that previous conservation efforts in country must be reviewed in terms of role of local authorities, live stranded cetaceans and hunting or incidental killing which in future can build a road map for effective action plans to save this marine mammal.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83551551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Frequency of the Toll-like 2 Gene Polymorphism in Leprosy","authors":"Marcos Jessé Abrahão Silva, Everaldina Cordeiro dos Santos, Y. C. Rodrigues, K. B. Batista Lima, Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2022/v37i130472","url":null,"abstract":"Polymorphisms in genes that are responsible for encoding cytokines and receptors involved in the immune response, such as Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 2 in leprosy, are of great interest for immunogenetic studies. This work aimed to analyze the possible association of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), synonymous, rs3804100 of the TLR2 gene with leprosy. The study was conducted in Bacteriology and Mycology section of Evandro Chagas Institute, Brazil between August 2020 and July 2021.The scope of the study consisted of 122 subjects from cities of Goianésia, Rondon, Curionópolis, Altamira, Parauapebas and Redenção of the State of Pará, Brazil. Genotyping was performed by conventional PCR and sequencing in the ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems®) using primer nucleotides designed by the Primer3Plus program from the genomic region “Homo sapiens toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) transcript variant X6, mRNA”, deposited in GenBank with reference XM_011532216.2. The analyzes were performed based on Fisher's exact test. It was managed in accordance with Helsinki Declaration and the Brazilian National Health Council and with approval of the ethics committee at Evandro Chagas Institute, under opinion number: 3.950.570. No associations between gender and leprosy were possible (P> 0.05). However, associations were observed between age groups, which were significant between those over 46 years old (P=0.004) and the 2nd dose of BCG as a more protective agent between the groups analyzed (P=0.004). For the subjects with the typed genotypes, 68 contacts had T/T genotype and only 4 T/C genotypes, while in multibacillary (MB) group only 1 T/C genotype was found and none in paucibacillary (PB) (P> 0.05). We conclude that there is no association between the TLR2 SNP rs3804100 and leprosy in the Pará population, which still indicates the need for new immunogenetic studies with other genes involved in the immune response and a greater number of polymorphisms.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91139087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Parkia biglobosa on Hepatic and Renal Biomarkers of Dexamethasone-Exposed Pregnant Rats","authors":"Funmilola Comfort Oladele, Gbenga David Olubunmi, Ruth Odu Odeh, A. I. Airaodion","doi":"10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i1230471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i1230471","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study sought to investigate its effect on hepatic and renal biomarkers of female pregnant rats. \u0000Place and Duration: This work was carried out in the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti between January and June 2021. \u0000Methodology: Locust bean seeds were purchased from an open market in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria and were processed using standard method. Fifteen female pregnant rats were divided into three groups of five each. Animals in group A were exposed to standard animal feed only. This served as the control group. Those in group B were exposed to animal feed mixed with locust beans + 0.3 mg/kg body weight of dexamethasone, while those in group C were exposed to animal feed mixed with locust beans only. At the end of the eight days treatment, animals were sacrificed and blood sample, liver and kidney were collected. \u0000Results: Exposure of pregnant rats to dexamethasone was observed to significantly (p<0.05) increased the activities of plasma aspartate amino transaminase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) as well as the concentrations of plasma total protein, bilirubin, creatinine and urea when compared with those in animals in the control as well as those treated with P. biglobosa only. The results further showed that administration of P. biglobosa only had no significant effect on plasma hepatic and renal biomarkers except urea which was significantly lower than those in the control group as well as those treated with dexamethasone. The results obtained from liver and kidney homogenate respectively are similar to those observed in the plasma. \u0000Conclusion: Exposure of animals to dexamethasone adversely unhinged hepatic and renal biomarkers investigated in the study. The study also revealed that P. biglobosa seed is beneficial to the health of the liver and kidney of pregnant female rats.","PeriodicalId":8230,"journal":{"name":"Annual research & review in biology","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74340858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}