Khaled Madkour, M. Dawood, Patrick Sorgelos, Hani Sewilam
Abstract Brine water drained from the desalination stations represents environmental concerns because of its extremely high salinity. Artemia (brine shrimp) is one of the crustaceans that can live in increased saline water. So, it can live in the desalination brine water. This study investigated the possibility of growing Artemia (Artemia franciscana), an essential live food for the aquaculture industry, in the brine water disposed of during the desalination process. Nine reproductive characteristics were examined for Artemia growing in desalination brine water, compared to seawater. Both types of water were brought from the Rumaila water desalination facility on the Mediterranean Sea in Marsa Matrouh, Egypt. The experiment included brine water of salinities: 50, 60, 70, and 80 ppt and two seawater salinities: 38 and 50 ppt. The food source used was the rice bran suspension to feed Artemia during the experiment. The results illustrated that the pre-reproductive and reproductive periods and % offspring encysted had higher values in higher salinities of brine water than seawater. The rate of offspring encysted in the brine water of 70 ppt reached 72.42%, followed by the brine water of 60 ppt. The results showed that the Artemia could grow in the brine water of the desalination plants till the adult stage. The results show no significant difference between both types of water in some variables.
{"title":"Effects of desalination brine on the fecundity of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana fed on rice bran","authors":"Khaled Madkour, M. Dawood, Patrick Sorgelos, Hani Sewilam","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Brine water drained from the desalination stations represents environmental concerns because of its extremely high salinity. Artemia (brine shrimp) is one of the crustaceans that can live in increased saline water. So, it can live in the desalination brine water. This study investigated the possibility of growing Artemia (Artemia franciscana), an essential live food for the aquaculture industry, in the brine water disposed of during the desalination process. Nine reproductive characteristics were examined for Artemia growing in desalination brine water, compared to seawater. Both types of water were brought from the Rumaila water desalination facility on the Mediterranean Sea in Marsa Matrouh, Egypt. The experiment included brine water of salinities: 50, 60, 70, and 80 ppt and two seawater salinities: 38 and 50 ppt. The food source used was the rice bran suspension to feed Artemia during the experiment. The results illustrated that the pre-reproductive and reproductive periods and % offspring encysted had higher values in higher salinities of brine water than seawater. The rate of offspring encysted in the brine water of 70 ppt reached 72.42%, followed by the brine water of 60 ppt. The results showed that the Artemia could grow in the brine water of the desalination plants till the adult stage. The results show no significant difference between both types of water in some variables.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"869 - 875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43233609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mayada R. Farag, Heba S A Gharib, Karima El-Naggar, B. Hendam, E. Ahmad, M. Alagawany, H. El-Ghazali
Abstract The current study assessed the benefits of marjoram essential oil (MEO) in reducing the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in growing rabbits. Forty-eight rabbits, aged 4 weeks, were randomly assigned to four groups (4 replications of 3 rabbits / replicate) as follows: BD group (control); AFB1 group (supplemented with AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet); MEO-supplemented group (1 g MEO/kg diet); AFB1 + MEO group (AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet + 1 g MEO/kg diet). AFB1 exposure resulted in reduction of rabbit growth and total protein and albumin content in serum; increased liver function related enzymes (ALP, ALT and AST); induced oxidative stress displayed by lower level of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GSH), increased biomarkers of DNA and lipid oxidative damage with significant upregulation of the tumor suppressor protein interferon-γ, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor- α and heat shock protein-70 when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, exposure to AFB1 increased the bioaccumulation of AFB1 residues in rabbit liver. Supplementation of MEO in the AFB1-exposed rabbits alleviated all of its negative effects. In conclusion, dietary addition of 1 g MEO could effectively ameliorate the adverse impacts of AFB1 on rabbit growth; enhanced their antioxidants and reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response indicators, as well as the AFB1- residues in liver.
摘要本研究评估了马郁兰精油(MEO)降低生长家兔黄曲霉毒素B1 (AFB1)毒性的作用。选取48只4周龄家兔，随机分为4组(4个重复，每个重复3只):BD组(对照组);AFB1组(添加AFB1 0.3 mg/kg日粮);MEO添加组(1 g MEO/kg日粮);AFB1 + MEO组(AFB1 0.3 mg/kg日粮+ 1 g MEO/kg日粮)。AFB1暴露导致家兔生长和血清总蛋白、白蛋白含量降低;肝功能相关酶(ALP、ALT和AST)升高;与对照组相比，抗氧化酶(CAT和GSH)水平降低，DNA和脂质氧化损伤生物标志物升高，肿瘤抑制蛋白干扰素-γ、白细胞介素1β、肿瘤坏死因子- α和热休克蛋白-70水平显著上调(P < 0.05)。此外，暴露于AFB1增加了AFB1残留物在兔肝脏中的生物积累。在afb1暴露的家兔中补充MEO可减轻其所有负面影响。由此可见，饲粮中添加1 g MEO可有效改善AFB1对家兔生长的不利影响;增强抗氧化剂，降低氧化应激和炎症反应指标，以及肝脏中AFB1-的残留量。
{"title":"Origanum majorana essential oil ameliorated the behavioral, biochemical, physiological and performance perturbations induced by aflatoxin B1 in growing rabbits","authors":"Mayada R. Farag, Heba S A Gharib, Karima El-Naggar, B. Hendam, E. Ahmad, M. Alagawany, H. El-Ghazali","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current study assessed the benefits of marjoram essential oil (MEO) in reducing the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in growing rabbits. Forty-eight rabbits, aged 4 weeks, were randomly assigned to four groups (4 replications of 3 rabbits / replicate) as follows: BD group (control); AFB1 group (supplemented with AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet); MEO-supplemented group (1 g MEO/kg diet); AFB1 + MEO group (AFB1 0.3 mg/kg diet + 1 g MEO/kg diet). AFB1 exposure resulted in reduction of rabbit growth and total protein and albumin content in serum; increased liver function related enzymes (ALP, ALT and AST); induced oxidative stress displayed by lower level of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GSH), increased biomarkers of DNA and lipid oxidative damage with significant upregulation of the tumor suppressor protein interferon-γ, interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor- α and heat shock protein-70 when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, exposure to AFB1 increased the bioaccumulation of AFB1 residues in rabbit liver. Supplementation of MEO in the AFB1-exposed rabbits alleviated all of its negative effects. In conclusion, dietary addition of 1 g MEO could effectively ameliorate the adverse impacts of AFB1 on rabbit growth; enhanced their antioxidants and reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory response indicators, as well as the AFB1- residues in liver.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44187710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah, M. Fatima, Hafsa Nadeem, S. Ashraf, M. Hussain
Abstract The replacement of fishmeal (FM) with economical and nutritious FM alternatives including plant and animal-based protein ingredients has become a global research priority. However, the presence of several anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) in these alternatives may impair nutrient utilization in fish. The supplementation of exogenous protease as feed additives could be an effective approach to improve the nutrient digestibility of these alternative proteins. Proteases are protein-digesting enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of complex protein macromolecules into simpler amino acids. Exogenous protease supplementation stimulates the activities of endogenous proteolytic enzymes for better nutrient digestion and absorption in fish. This review article summarizes the optimum protease supplementation levels in various fish species and its beneficial effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, whole-body composition, physiochemical parameters, immunity, and gene expression of fish. Moreover, the interactive effects of exogenous protease with organic acids and probiotics are also discussed. Overall, the supplementation of exogenous protease in fish feed is a viable solution for poor nutrient utilization of FM alternatives. Important gaps, however, exist in the current knowledge, particularly with regard to the effect of protease supplementation in animal-based proteins as most of the studies have focused on the effect of protease supplementation on plant-based proteins as FM alternatives. Moreover, additional studies focused on the effect of protease supplementation on the digestive enzyme activities, immunity, gut microbes and antioxidant parameters of fish will provide the basis for a better understanding of the mode of action of protease. The scarce knowledge in these areas limits the scope of protease supplementation as a feed additive in the aquaculture sector.
{"title":"Roles of dietary supplementation of exogenous protease in low fishmeal aquafeed: a mini review","authors":"Maryam, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah, M. Fatima, Hafsa Nadeem, S. Ashraf, M. Hussain","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The replacement of fishmeal (FM) with economical and nutritious FM alternatives including plant and animal-based protein ingredients has become a global research priority. However, the presence of several anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) in these alternatives may impair nutrient utilization in fish. The supplementation of exogenous protease as feed additives could be an effective approach to improve the nutrient digestibility of these alternative proteins. Proteases are protein-digesting enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of complex protein macromolecules into simpler amino acids. Exogenous protease supplementation stimulates the activities of endogenous proteolytic enzymes for better nutrient digestion and absorption in fish. This review article summarizes the optimum protease supplementation levels in various fish species and its beneficial effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, whole-body composition, physiochemical parameters, immunity, and gene expression of fish. Moreover, the interactive effects of exogenous protease with organic acids and probiotics are also discussed. Overall, the supplementation of exogenous protease in fish feed is a viable solution for poor nutrient utilization of FM alternatives. Important gaps, however, exist in the current knowledge, particularly with regard to the effect of protease supplementation in animal-based proteins as most of the studies have focused on the effect of protease supplementation on plant-based proteins as FM alternatives. Moreover, additional studies focused on the effect of protease supplementation on the digestive enzyme activities, immunity, gut microbes and antioxidant parameters of fish will provide the basis for a better understanding of the mode of action of protease. The scarce knowledge in these areas limits the scope of protease supplementation as a feed additive in the aquaculture sector.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45783116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Fish is a unique source for human consumption and also the food industry. In this sense, different nanobiotechnology-based applications especially have been used for providing food safety, improving the taste and preferences of fish meat, keeping the nutritional components in fish meat for human consumption, and eliminating nutritional losses with cooking. Nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, and nanoemulsions are good candidates for preserving fish meat from microbial spoilage and oxidative deterioration. Nanoliposomes particularly fabricated with seaweeds have delayed (free fatty acid, peroxide value, etc.) the rapid undesired formation in fish meat or fish oil. Besides nanoliposome, being revealed that especially nanoparticles (from biopolymer) and nanoemulsions mostly obtained from citrus oils effectively delay the rapid oxidation in fish meat. Also with these applications, the nutritional quality of processed products has been protected. In this regard, it is reported that nanofiber applications integrated with sous-vide cooking or baking of fish meat like salmon meat samples effectively can protect against nutritional losses in fish meat. Probiotic bacteria such as L. rhamnosus and L. reuteri which are encapsulated in nanobiotechnology-based material can be successfully used both to preserve the meat and to improve the functional properties of raw or processed/cooked fish meat. These nanobiotechnological approaches improve food safety by limiting microbiological spoilage such as mesophilic and psychrophilic for fish meat samples. The mentioned nanopreservation approaches provide a better solution as compared with conventional methods with fewer materials usage in the food industry. Some studies also support that this is a cost-effective method, especially in terms of food additive usage in foods. Above all, these mentioned processes related to food nanobiotechnology can improve food safety, and limit nutritional losses due to cooking procedures, so this review suggests that the nanobiotechnology-based approaches can be a guiding role for further applications in the food industry.
{"title":"A practiced nanobiotechnology approach with the scope of nutrition, food safety, dietetics, gastronomy, and sustainability for humans by fish meat and fish products preservation – A review","authors":"Zafer Ceylan, R. Meral","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fish is a unique source for human consumption and also the food industry. In this sense, different nanobiotechnology-based applications especially have been used for providing food safety, improving the taste and preferences of fish meat, keeping the nutritional components in fish meat for human consumption, and eliminating nutritional losses with cooking. Nanofibers, nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, and nanoemulsions are good candidates for preserving fish meat from microbial spoilage and oxidative deterioration. Nanoliposomes particularly fabricated with seaweeds have delayed (free fatty acid, peroxide value, etc.) the rapid undesired formation in fish meat or fish oil. Besides nanoliposome, being revealed that especially nanoparticles (from biopolymer) and nanoemulsions mostly obtained from citrus oils effectively delay the rapid oxidation in fish meat. Also with these applications, the nutritional quality of processed products has been protected. In this regard, it is reported that nanofiber applications integrated with sous-vide cooking or baking of fish meat like salmon meat samples effectively can protect against nutritional losses in fish meat. Probiotic bacteria such as L. rhamnosus and L. reuteri which are encapsulated in nanobiotechnology-based material can be successfully used both to preserve the meat and to improve the functional properties of raw or processed/cooked fish meat. These nanobiotechnological approaches improve food safety by limiting microbiological spoilage such as mesophilic and psychrophilic for fish meat samples. The mentioned nanopreservation approaches provide a better solution as compared with conventional methods with fewer materials usage in the food industry. Some studies also support that this is a cost-effective method, especially in terms of food additive usage in foods. Above all, these mentioned processes related to food nanobiotechnology can improve food safety, and limit nutritional losses due to cooking procedures, so this review suggests that the nanobiotechnology-based approaches can be a guiding role for further applications in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"725 - 734"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47680473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joanna Jaworska, A. Nowicki, I. Kowalczyk-Zięba, D. Boruszewska, A. Siergiej, Milena Traut, K. Łukaszuk, I. Wocławek-Potocka
Abstract In bovine females, the production of embryos derived from oocytes obtained by ovum pick-up (OPU) is becoming a frequent procedure. Collection of oocytes from pre-pubertal animals enables shortening the genetic distance, especially in high-value animals. Nevertheless, the oocyte and later embryo developmental potential differ between oocytes derived from prepubertal and adult heifers. The aim of this study was to determine the possible underlying causes for differences in quality between embryos obtained from pre-pubertal and pubertal heifers. Cumulus oocyte complexes were collected via OPU. The expression of PLAC8, IFNτ, IGFR1, SOX2, and OCT4 in blastocysts was evaluated. The transcriptome of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the major genes involved in the metabolism and development of the embryo, and the embryo quality marker gene expression (PLAC8, IFNτ, IGFR1, SOX2, and OCT4) in the day 7 blastocysts derived from oocytes collected from pre-pubertal or pubertal heifers differed significantly. The expression of genes involved in basic biological processes of early embryonic development differed between embryos derived from oocytes collected from pre-pubertal and pubertal heifers. The obtained data may be used to adjust culture conditions to the biological requirements of the embryos derived from oocytes collected from pre-pubertal heifers, and to predict the possibility of successful development of the embryo.
{"title":"Female bovine donor age influence on quality markers’ expression and PPARs abundance in day 7 blastocysts","authors":"Joanna Jaworska, A. Nowicki, I. Kowalczyk-Zięba, D. Boruszewska, A. Siergiej, Milena Traut, K. Łukaszuk, I. Wocławek-Potocka","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In bovine females, the production of embryos derived from oocytes obtained by ovum pick-up (OPU) is becoming a frequent procedure. Collection of oocytes from pre-pubertal animals enables shortening the genetic distance, especially in high-value animals. Nevertheless, the oocyte and later embryo developmental potential differ between oocytes derived from prepubertal and adult heifers. The aim of this study was to determine the possible underlying causes for differences in quality between embryos obtained from pre-pubertal and pubertal heifers. Cumulus oocyte complexes were collected via OPU. The expression of PLAC8, IFNτ, IGFR1, SOX2, and OCT4 in blastocysts was evaluated. The transcriptome of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the major genes involved in the metabolism and development of the embryo, and the embryo quality marker gene expression (PLAC8, IFNτ, IGFR1, SOX2, and OCT4) in the day 7 blastocysts derived from oocytes collected from pre-pubertal or pubertal heifers differed significantly. The expression of genes involved in basic biological processes of early embryonic development differed between embryos derived from oocytes collected from pre-pubertal and pubertal heifers. The obtained data may be used to adjust culture conditions to the biological requirements of the embryos derived from oocytes collected from pre-pubertal heifers, and to predict the possibility of successful development of the embryo.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prof Vikas Kumar, S. Parida, S. Roy, S. Dhar, K. Bisai, B. K. Behera, B. Das
Abstract Aquatic food production system raises aquatic organisms including fish, shellfish and seaweeds for human consumption and associated value chains. Moreover, as the global human population continues to expand at a high rate and is expected to reach over 9 billion by 2030, developing a cost-efficient production method is a significant challenge in the future development of the aquatic food production industry to provide food and nutritional security with high-quality animal protein. Recent advancements in biotechnological tools and approaches provided a new toolset that can be used to design and optimize the existing processes such as food preservation, fermentation, packaging, quality control and setting proper guidelines to manufacture and process genetically modified fish. At the same time, with the refinement of technology, these are becoming easier applicable and transferable to several other aquatic species production systems. These trends have resulted in exploiting new and unconventional microbial systems with sophisticated properties, which render promising results in the production industry. Here, we highlight the recent advances in the newly emerging biotechnological technology in the production of fish and fish products and discuss the potential of these tools as a sustainable platform for centuries to come with a significant impact on the aquatic food production industry.
{"title":"An overview of modern biotechnological tools in aquatic food production","authors":"Prof Vikas Kumar, S. Parida, S. Roy, S. Dhar, K. Bisai, B. K. Behera, B. Das","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aquatic food production system raises aquatic organisms including fish, shellfish and seaweeds for human consumption and associated value chains. Moreover, as the global human population continues to expand at a high rate and is expected to reach over 9 billion by 2030, developing a cost-efficient production method is a significant challenge in the future development of the aquatic food production industry to provide food and nutritional security with high-quality animal protein. Recent advancements in biotechnological tools and approaches provided a new toolset that can be used to design and optimize the existing processes such as food preservation, fermentation, packaging, quality control and setting proper guidelines to manufacture and process genetically modified fish. At the same time, with the refinement of technology, these are becoming easier applicable and transferable to several other aquatic species production systems. These trends have resulted in exploiting new and unconventional microbial systems with sophisticated properties, which render promising results in the production industry. Here, we highlight the recent advances in the newly emerging biotechnological technology in the production of fish and fish products and discuss the potential of these tools as a sustainable platform for centuries to come with a significant impact on the aquatic food production industry.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47406260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad Hossein Amir Yarahmadi, Mahmoud Nafisi, Hiam Elabd, E. Sotoudeh, V. Morshedi, H. Mahboub
Abstract In the present study, the effects of dietary supplementation of low molecular weight sodium alginate on growth, body composition, antioxidant enzymes, digestive enzymes, and immune response in yellowfin sea bream juvenile (Acanthopagrus latus) were investigated. Fish (n=180) were divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates and received dietary treatments including basal diet without sodium alginate (control treatment), basal diet containing 5 g sodium alginate per kg diet (0.5% treatment), and 10 g sodium alginate per kg diet (1% treatment) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor, feed conversion, and protein efficiency ratios did not reveal a significant improvement compared to the control treatment (P>0.05). The obtained results indicated that dietary sodium alginate did not affect body composition (P>0.05). The activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the groups fed on 0.5 and 1% sodium alginate showed a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to the control group. But, the activity of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the groups fed on 0.5 and 1% sodium alginate showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) compared to the control group. The digestive enzymes increased significantly (P<0.05) by supplementation of sodium alginate, compared to the control group. Mucus lysozyme and complement activity were not significantly different (P>0.05). Overall, it can be concluded that feeding of yellowfin sea bream on the diet supplemented with 0.5 and 1 percent sodium alginate for a period of 8 weeks do not enhance the non-specific immune response and growth. Nonetheless, sodium alginate improved the activity of the antioxidant and digestive enzymes, indicating the positive effects of sodium alginate on enzymatic responses.
{"title":"Dietary sodium alginate effect on growth, digestion, body composition, antioxidant capacity, and mucous immune response in yellowfin sea bream Acanthopagrus latus","authors":"Mohamad Hossein Amir Yarahmadi, Mahmoud Nafisi, Hiam Elabd, E. Sotoudeh, V. Morshedi, H. Mahboub","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present study, the effects of dietary supplementation of low molecular weight sodium alginate on growth, body composition, antioxidant enzymes, digestive enzymes, and immune response in yellowfin sea bream juvenile (Acanthopagrus latus) were investigated. Fish (n=180) were divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates and received dietary treatments including basal diet without sodium alginate (control treatment), basal diet containing 5 g sodium alginate per kg diet (0.5% treatment), and 10 g sodium alginate per kg diet (1% treatment) for 8 weeks. The results showed that the final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, condition factor, feed conversion, and protein efficiency ratios did not reveal a significant improvement compared to the control treatment (P>0.05). The obtained results indicated that dietary sodium alginate did not affect body composition (P>0.05). The activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the groups fed on 0.5 and 1% sodium alginate showed a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to the control group. But, the activity of lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the groups fed on 0.5 and 1% sodium alginate showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) compared to the control group. The digestive enzymes increased significantly (P<0.05) by supplementation of sodium alginate, compared to the control group. Mucus lysozyme and complement activity were not significantly different (P>0.05). Overall, it can be concluded that feeding of yellowfin sea bream on the diet supplemented with 0.5 and 1 percent sodium alginate for a period of 8 weeks do not enhance the non-specific immune response and growth. Nonetheless, sodium alginate improved the activity of the antioxidant and digestive enzymes, indicating the positive effects of sodium alginate on enzymatic responses.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47536531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sharifinia, Z. A. Bahmanbeigloo, Mehrzad Keshavarzifard, M. Khanjani, M. Daliri, E. Koochaknejad, M. S. Jasour
Abstract Reducing the use of fishmeal (FM) in aquafeed means a significant saving in the amount of FM at the global level and reducing environmental impacts. One of the potential protein sources to replace FM in shrimp diet is the use of insects’ meal. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effects of replacing FM with mealworm (MW; Tenebrio molitor) on the growth, digestive enzymes activity and hepatopancreatic biochemical indices of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Shrimp were fed for 60 days with a control diet (T0) and 4 practical diets (T15, T30, T60 and T100) where 15, 30, 60 and 100% of the FM was substituted by MW, respectively. Results showed that there were significant differences in weight gain (WG) and hepatopancreatic index (HPI) among treatments and the lowest and highest values were observed in T0 and T30, respectively. Our findings indicated a significant increase (P<0.05) in activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total nitric oxide (TNO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and a meaningful decrease (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA) in hepatopancreas of L. vannamei juveniles fed diets containing MW. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the T0 did not show a significant difference (P>0.05) with other experimental treatments. Protease and lipase indicated an increasing trend with increasing the amount of MW up to 60%. The protease activity showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatments containing MW and the control treatment. These findings indicated that MW could be a feasible candidate for replacing FM in diets of the Pacific white shrimp without any detrimental effects.
{"title":"The effects of replacing fishmeal by mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) on digestive enzymes activity and hepatopancreatic biochemical indices of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"M. Sharifinia, Z. A. Bahmanbeigloo, Mehrzad Keshavarzifard, M. Khanjani, M. Daliri, E. Koochaknejad, M. S. Jasour","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2022-0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2022-0099","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Reducing the use of fishmeal (FM) in aquafeed means a significant saving in the amount of FM at the global level and reducing environmental impacts. One of the potential protein sources to replace FM in shrimp diet is the use of insects’ meal. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effects of replacing FM with mealworm (MW; Tenebrio molitor) on the growth, digestive enzymes activity and hepatopancreatic biochemical indices of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Shrimp were fed for 60 days with a control diet (T0) and 4 practical diets (T15, T30, T60 and T100) where 15, 30, 60 and 100% of the FM was substituted by MW, respectively. Results showed that there were significant differences in weight gain (WG) and hepatopancreatic index (HPI) among treatments and the lowest and highest values were observed in T0 and T30, respectively. Our findings indicated a significant increase (P<0.05) in activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total nitric oxide (TNO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and a meaningful decrease (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA) in hepatopancreas of L. vannamei juveniles fed diets containing MW. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the T0 did not show a significant difference (P>0.05) with other experimental treatments. Protease and lipase indicated an increasing trend with increasing the amount of MW up to 60%. The protease activity showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatments containing MW and the control treatment. These findings indicated that MW could be a feasible candidate for replacing FM in diets of the Pacific white shrimp without any detrimental effects.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"519 - 528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45169445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nehad A. Saleh, Mousa A. Ayoub, M. A. Nossair, A. Alqhtani, A. Swelum, Hanan Khojah, M. Gamal, M. S. Imam, A. Khafaga, M. Arif, M. A. Abd El-Hack
Abstract Good water quality for livestock is critical for preserving animal health, ensuring the quality of animal products, supplying safe food, and increasing food production economics. Higher water levels of toxic compounds than permitted can impair meat, fat, eggs, and milk production, lower fertility, and represent public health hazards. Water picks up pollutants from its surroundings and those caused by animal and human activities. Many physicochemical parameters were used to ensure water quality, including pH, salt, taste, color, alkalinity, odor, and hardness. Water quality, directly and indirectly, impacts livestock performance and, thus, the poultry industry. Employing drinking water as a carrier of drugs still faces substantial barriers. The effectiveness of vaccinations and drugs is affected by inadequate water quality. Furthermore, contaminated water and poor nutrition negatively affect broiler chicken immunity, survival, and production. Antibiotics are widely utilized in poultry production to preserve animal health and growth. They can eliminate harmful bacteria in the gut, reduce the load on the immune system, optimize the digestive system, and boost growth performance. However, the abuse of antibiotics in animal agriculture has resulted in antibiotic-resistant infections threatening people and animals. As a result of its positive impact on the metabolome and gut microbiome, the natural antimicrobial combination could be used as an alternative; improving broiler chicken growth performance without negatively affecting the environment is currently paramount.
{"title":"Influence of water quality and pollution on broiler's performance, vaccine and antibiotic efficiencies","authors":"Nehad A. Saleh, Mousa A. Ayoub, M. A. Nossair, A. Alqhtani, A. Swelum, Hanan Khojah, M. Gamal, M. S. Imam, A. Khafaga, M. Arif, M. A. Abd El-Hack","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Good water quality for livestock is critical for preserving animal health, ensuring the quality of animal products, supplying safe food, and increasing food production economics. Higher water levels of toxic compounds than permitted can impair meat, fat, eggs, and milk production, lower fertility, and represent public health hazards. Water picks up pollutants from its surroundings and those caused by animal and human activities. Many physicochemical parameters were used to ensure water quality, including pH, salt, taste, color, alkalinity, odor, and hardness. Water quality, directly and indirectly, impacts livestock performance and, thus, the poultry industry. Employing drinking water as a carrier of drugs still faces substantial barriers. The effectiveness of vaccinations and drugs is affected by inadequate water quality. Furthermore, contaminated water and poor nutrition negatively affect broiler chicken immunity, survival, and production. Antibiotics are widely utilized in poultry production to preserve animal health and growth. They can eliminate harmful bacteria in the gut, reduce the load on the immune system, optimize the digestive system, and boost growth performance. However, the abuse of antibiotics in animal agriculture has resulted in antibiotic-resistant infections threatening people and animals. As a result of its positive impact on the metabolome and gut microbiome, the natural antimicrobial combination could be used as an alternative; improving broiler chicken growth performance without negatively affecting the environment is currently paramount.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45226272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Since January 2006 when using antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed have been banned scientists are looking for the best resolution to apply alternative substances. Extensive research into the health-promoting properties of probiotics and prebiotics has led to significant interest in the mechanisms of action of the combined administration of these feed additives as a synbiotic. Subsequent research has led to the development of new products. Among the most important health benefits of additives are, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the GI tract, maintenance of homeostasis, treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, and increase in immunity. Specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of action are not well understood and the effect is not always positive, though there are no reports of adverse effects of these substances found in the literature. For this reason, research is still being conducted on their proper application. However, due to the difficulties of carrying out research on humans, evidence of the beneficial effect of these additives comes mainly from experiments on animals. The objective of the present work was to assess the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, as well as new additives including postbiotics, proteobiotics, nutribiotics, and pharmabiotics, on specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of action, increase in immunity, the reduction of a broad spectrum of diseases.
{"title":"Feed additives of bacterial origin as an immunoprotective or imunostimulating factor","authors":"A. Szuba-Trznadel, A. Rza̧sa","doi":"10.2478/aoas-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since January 2006 when using antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed have been banned scientists are looking for the best resolution to apply alternative substances. Extensive research into the health-promoting properties of probiotics and prebiotics has led to significant interest in the mechanisms of action of the combined administration of these feed additives as a synbiotic. Subsequent research has led to the development of new products. Among the most important health benefits of additives are, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the GI tract, maintenance of homeostasis, treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, and increase in immunity. Specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of action are not well understood and the effect is not always positive, though there are no reports of adverse effects of these substances found in the literature. For this reason, research is still being conducted on their proper application. However, due to the difficulties of carrying out research on humans, evidence of the beneficial effect of these additives comes mainly from experiments on animals. The objective of the present work was to assess the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, as well as new additives including postbiotics, proteobiotics, nutribiotics, and pharmabiotics, on specific immunomodulatory mechanisms of action, increase in immunity, the reduction of a broad spectrum of diseases.","PeriodicalId":8235,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Animal Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43879900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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