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Educational Needs of Chemical Accident Crisis Teams: A Qualitative Content Analysis Study 化学事故危机小组的教育需求:质性内容分析研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.10.1.75
Pakize Montazeri, Mahboubeh Rouhollahei, H. Bagheri, G. Heidari, M. Salesi, A. Khalaj, A. Shahriary
Industrial development and technological advances have raised living standards; nonetheless, despite the substantial benefits of chemical compounds in industry, they present humans with dangerous potentials, such as disasters and chemical crises. Nowadays, more than 15 million hazardous chemical substances are commercially available, 70,000 of which are used on a daily basis, and about 200-1,000 new chemicals are annually added to the list (1). Chemical substances are the source of chemical threats, chemical warfare, chemical contaminators in the environment, as well as A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T
工业发展和技术进步提高了生活水平;然而,尽管化合物在工业中有着巨大的好处,但它们给人类带来了潜在的危险,如灾难和化学危机。如今,商业上可获得的危险化学物质超过1500万种,其中每天使用7万种,每年约有200-1000种新化学品被列入清单(1)。化学物质是化学威胁、化学战争、环境中化学污染物以及A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T的来源
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引用次数: 0
Degradation of Nitrobenzene in an Aqueous Environment through Fenton-like Process Using Box–Behnken Design Method 基于Box-Behnken设计方法的fenton法降解水中硝基苯
Pub Date : 2021-01-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.10.1.58
A. Shokri, Ghasem Noshad, A. Hosseini
Nitrobenzene (NB) is one of the main organic contaminants in water and is extensively used in dyes, explosives, and insecticides. However, it is infamous for its great carcinogenicity, toxicity, and other opposing influences on environments and organisms. Furthermore, NB demonstrates poor activity towards oxidative degradation due to the strong electron-withdrawing features of the nitro-group. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the level of NB in water and lake streams should not exceed 17 ppm (1). Therefore, environmental risks have urged the advance of effective methods for NB elimination. Elimination of NB through reducing it to less poisonous aniline has been investigated and the results have shown that the aquatic environment was still at risk even when the A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T
硝基苯是水中主要的有机污染物之一,广泛用于染料、炸药和杀虫剂中。然而,它因其巨大的致癌性、毒性以及对环境和生物体的其他相反影响而臭名昭著。此外,由于硝基的强吸电子特性,NB表现出较差的氧化降解活性。根据美国环境保护署(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)的规定,水体和湖泊溪流中的铌含量不应超过17ppm(1)。因此,环境风险促使人们采取有效的方法消除铌。通过将铌还原为毒性较小的苯胺来消除铌的研究结果表明,即使在A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T时,水生环境仍处于危险之中
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引用次数: 1
Kinetic Investigation of Degradation of 4-Nitrotoluene in Aqueous Environment by MnO2/Clinoptilolite/O3 Process MnO2/斜沸石/O3工艺降解水中4-硝基甲苯的动力学研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.52547/archhygsci.10.1.21
Shabnam Pourfalatoon, H. Mazaheri, Ali Hassani Joshaghani, A. Shokri
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引用次数: 2
Investigation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of People in Kermanshah, Iran, toward the Effects of Traffic Noise Pollution on Human Health 伊朗克尔曼沙阿居民对交通噪声污染对人体健康影响的知识、态度和行为调查
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.9.4.246
S. Mousavi, Z. Amiri, Parastoo Darvishi, Arezoo Mahmoudi, Nader Salari, D. Nayeri
Over the past three decades, environmental pollution has become an important concern across the world. Meanwhile, noise pollution of cities in most countries is considered a comprehensive and global problem, which is an important criterion for determining the quality of life in cities (1). The environmental noise pollution level is rapidly increasing due to the rapid increase in human activities, such as A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T
在过去的三十年里,环境污染已经成为全世界关注的一个重要问题。同时,大多数国家的城市噪声污染被认为是一个综合性和全球性的问题,是决定城市生活质量的重要标准(1)。由于人类活动的快速增加,环境噪声污染水平正在迅速增加,如a - r - t - s - t - r - a - c - t
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引用次数: 0
Heavy Metal Pollution in Surface Soils of Ahvaz, Iran, Using Pollution Indicators and Health Risk Assessment 伊朗阿瓦士表层土壤重金属污染:污染指标与健康风险评价
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.9.4.299
Afsaneh Boroujerdnia, M. M. Roozbahani, A. Nazarpour, N. Ghanavati, K. Payandeh
Article Notes: Received: Aug 1, 2020 Received in revised form: Sep 14, 2020 Accepted: Sep 26, 2020 Available Online: Nov 15, 2020 Background & Aims of the Study: Heavy metals are among the most dangerous environmental pollutants entering the air, water, and soil through human and natural activities with the potential of poisoning, pathogenicity, and carcinogenicity to living organisms and humans. The current study aimed to determine the contamination of heavy metals, including lead, zinc, copper, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium, in the surface soils of Ahvaz, Iran, using pollution indicators and health risk assessment. Materials and Methods: Sampling of surface soils in Ahvaz with 227 soil samples was performed in August 2017 based on the regular networks of 1 × 1 km. The measurement of heavy metals was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Results: The mean concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and As in the surface soils of Ahvaz were reported as 180.99, 88.61, 185.13, 101.59, 5.63, and 8.97 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the contamination factor (CF), pollution index (PI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and ecological risk, the highest levels of pollution were related to Cd and Pb, and the lowest level was associated with Cr. The enrichment factor (EF) of heavy metals showed moderate contamination of Cr, high contamination levels of Cu, Cd, and As, and very high contamination levels of Pb and Zn. According to the Nemro Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI), 3% and 55% of the surface soils of Ahvaz showed high and low levels of pollution, respectively. The daily absorption of heavy metals through ingestion in children and adults was higher than that through respiration and dermal contact. The highest risk index was related to Cr and As through ingestion for children, and the lowest risk index was associated with Zn through respiration in adults. Conclusion: The levels of As, Cr, and Cd in the surface soil of Ahvaz were higher than the Iran soil standard values; however, the levels of Pb, Zn, and Cu were lower. Based on the CF, PI, Igeo, and ecological risk, the surface soils were highly contaminated with Cd and Pb. According to the EF, Pb and Zn showed the highest levels of contamination. Based on the NIPI, the pollution of heavy metals was reported at low levels. The highest and lowest values of metals carcinogenicity were related to Cr in children and Pb in adults, respectively.
文章注释:收到时间:2020年8月1日修改后的形式:2020年9月14日接受时间:2020月26日在线获取时间:2020年底11月15日研究背景和目的:重金属是通过人类和自然活动进入空气、水和土壤的最危险的环境污染物之一,具有中毒、致病、,以及对生物体和人类的致癌性。目前的研究旨在利用污染指标和健康风险评估来确定伊朗阿瓦兹表层土壤中的重金属污染,包括铅、锌、铜、砷、铬和镉。材料和方法:2017年8月,根据1×1 km的规则网络,对阿瓦兹的227个土壤样本进行了表层土壤采样。通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对重金属进行了测量。结果:Ahvaz表层土壤中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr、Cd和As的平均浓度分别为180.99、88.61、185.13、101.59、5.63和8.97mg/kg。根据污染因子(CF)、污染指数(PI)、地质累积指数(Igeo)和生态风险,最高污染水平与Cd和Pb有关,最低污染水平与Cr有关。重金属富集因子(EF)显示Cr中度污染,Cu、Cd和As高度污染,Pb和Zn高度污染。根据Nemro综合污染指数(NIPI),阿瓦兹3%和55%的表层土壤分别表现出高污染和低污染水平。儿童和成人每天通过摄入重金属的吸收量高于通过呼吸和皮肤接触的吸收量。儿童的最高风险指数与摄入Cr和As有关,成人的最低风险指数与呼吸中的Zn有关。结论:阿瓦兹表层土壤中As、Cr、Cd含量均高于伊朗土壤标准值;然而,Pb、Zn和Cu的含量较低。根据CF、PI、Igeo和生态风险,表层土壤受到Cd和Pb的高度污染。根据EF,Pb和Zn的污染程度最高。根据NIPI,重金属污染报告为低水平。金属致癌性的最高值和最低值分别与儿童的Cr和成人的Pb有关。
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引用次数: 4
Epidemiological Investigation of a Twenty-Year Major β-Thalassemia Surveillance in Kerman, Iran 伊朗克尔曼市20年重大β地中海贫血监测的流行病学调查
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.52547/archhygsci.9.4.265
E. R. Davarani, Fatemeh Mohseni Takaloo, Azar Vahidnia, S. Daneshi, Maryam Rezabeigi Davarani, N. Khanjani, Kiavash Hushmandi, M. Raei
a Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran b Deputy of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran c Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran d Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran e Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran f Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran g Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
a伊朗克尔曼医科大学卫生未来研究所卫生服务管理研究中心b伊朗克尔曼克尔曼医科大学卫生部副主任c伊朗克尔曼医科大学卫生学院公共卫生系d伊朗德黑兰阿拉梅赫塔巴塔巴大学心理与教育科学系e公共卫生学院流行病学与生物统计学系;伊朗德黑兰德黑兰大学兽医学院食品卫生与质量控制系流行病学与人畜共患病学系;伊朗德黑兰巴基亚塔拉医科大学生活方式研究所卫生研究中心
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引用次数: 1
Spatial Distribution of Cadmium in Agricultural Soils of Eghlid County, South of Iran 伊朗南部埃格里德县农业土壤镉的空间分布
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.9.4.311
Parvin Sabet Aghlidi, M. Cheraghi, B. Lorestani, S. Sobhanardakani, H. Merrikhpour
a PhD in Environmental Science, Department of Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran b Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran c Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran
a .伊朗哈马丹伊斯兰阿扎德大学基础科学学院哈马丹分校环境系环境科学博士b .伊朗哈马丹伊斯兰阿扎德大学基础科学学院哈马丹分校环境系副教授c .伊朗阿萨达巴德萨伊德·贾马勒丁·阿萨达巴德大学农业与自然资源学院农学系助理教授
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引用次数: 3
Relationship between Organizational Culture and Organizational Health in Employees of District 1 Iran Teaching Hospitals 伊朗第一区教学医院员工组织文化与组织健康的关系
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.9.4.256
Fatemeh Rasooly Kalamaki, Ghahraman Mahmoudi, J. Charati
Article Notes: Received: Jul 25, 2020 Received in revised form: Sep 14, 2020 Accepted: Sep 19, 2020 Available Online: Oct 12, 2020 Background & Aims of the Study: Organizational health in hospitals can reduce medical errors, increase the quality of care, improve organizational learning, and enhance collaboration, innovation, and cost reduction. The remarkable success of successful organizations lies in organizational culture and employee beliefs. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational culture and organizational health in the employees of Iran teaching hospitals. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 946 employees of public hospitals in Iran, in 2019, including all the employees of 17 hospitals selected by random clustering. The assessment tools were the standard questionnaires of Edgard Schein’s Organizational Culture and Organizational Health Inventory. One-sample t-test was used to determine the organizational health of the selected hospitals. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was also utilized to determine the relationship between organizational culture and organizational health. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25). Results: The descriptive findings of the present study showed that 69% of the study subjects were female, and most (37%) of the respondents were within the age range of 40-49 years. In addition, about (61.7%) and (23%) of the participants had a bachelor’s degree and 10-14 years of work experience, respectively. Moreover, the results of this study based on Pearson’s correlation coefficients demonstrated that there was a positive and significant correlation between the component of organizational culture with organizational health (r=0.94) and all the dimensions of organizational health component at the institutional (r=0.92), administrative (r=0.92), and technical (r =0.93) levels with a 95% confidence interval (P≤0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that there was a positive and significant correlation between the component of organizational culture with organizational health and its dimensions. Therefore, it is necessary to make decisions focusing on the organizational culture of hospitals and steps to coordinate individuals’ values and norms for the promotion of organizational culture. It is also recommended to improve organizational health.
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of the Outbreak of Food- and Water-borne Diseases in Khansar, Isfahan in 2018 2018年伊斯法罕汗萨市食源性和水传播疾病暴发调查
Pub Date : 2020-10-10 DOI: 10.52547/ARCHHYGSCI.9.4.325
Alireza Salahshori, Amar Salehi soheelabadi, M. Farsi, Hamid Gheibipour
Water-borne infectious diseases remain a leading cause of death worldwide, resulting in more than 2.2 million deaths annually. The incidence of these diseases, such as diarrhea and gastrointestinal infections is on the rise (1). Water and foodborne disease outbreaks occur every year in different parts of the country. Food-borne diseases are one of the most important public health issues which cause illness and death in a significant number of people every year (2). Food safety assumes A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T
水媒传染病仍然是全世界的主要死亡原因,每年造成220多万人死亡。腹泻和胃肠道感染等疾病的发病率正在上升(1)。水和食源性疾病每年都会在该国不同地区暴发。食源性疾病是最重要的公共卫生问题之一,每年都会导致大量人群患病和死亡(2)。食品安全假定为a - r - t - s - t - r - a - c - t
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引用次数: 0
Investigation and Prioritization of Factors Affecting Implementation of Student Sports Development Health Strategies 学生体育发展健康战略实施影响因素的调查与排序
Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.52547/archhygsci.9.4.287
S. Mahmoodi, Seyed Mohammad Nazem Razavi, M. Dousti, Saeid Tabesh
a PhD in Sport Management, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran b Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran c Associate Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran d Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
a伊朗巴布萨马赞德兰大学体育学院体育管理系体育管理博士b伊朗巴布萨马赞德兰大学物理学院体育管理学系副教授,伊朗巴布尔萨马赞德兰大学体育学院体育管理系
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Archives of Hygiene Sciences
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