Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

Backgound: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, affecting memory, thinking, and behaviour. Its neuropathology includes amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.

Materials: Amyloid plaques consist of misfolded beta-amyloid protein, while tangles are made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein.

Method: After treatment with JWX-A1223, the APP/PS1 mice showed significant cognitive improvement in the Morris water maze test. They had shorter escape latency, reduced swimming distance, and longer stay time in the target quadrant, indicating enhanced spatial learning and memory.

Results: The treatment with JWX-A1223 also significantly reduced the phosphorylation levels of tau protein at Ser202, Ser396 and Ser404 sites in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice, while increasing the phosphorylation levels at Ser473 site of Akt and Ser9 site of GSK3β.

Conslusion: It indicates that by regulating the activity of the Akt/GSK3β pathway, it alleviates the excessive phosphorylation of tau protein and thereby improves cognitive impairment.

Stroke rehabilitation traditionally focuses on restoring motor function through physical exercises and training. However, conventional methods often lack a strong theoretical basis from modern neuroscience. Integrating these technologies into rehabilitation protocols shifts the focus from peripheral movement to a brain-centred model, using objective biomarkers for assessment. The study involved 87 chronic stroke patients divided into three groups: Group A received rTMS and task-oriented training, Group B received sham rTMS and task-oriented training, and Group C received conventional rehabilitation and sham rTMS. The intervention lasted four weeks. Comprehensive assessments, were used to evaluate neurobiological and functional changes. Results showed that Group A exhibited significantly greater improvements in motor function, daily living activities, and muscle tone compared to the control groups. Neuroimaging revealed increased connectivity within the affected motor network and normalised interhemispheric balance in Group A. These findings support the effectiveness of the combined rTMS and task-oriented training approach.

Background: Minimally invasive lung resection combined with CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancer (mGGN-LC) is applicable to patients with multiple pulmonary nodules.

Materials and methods: The study adopted a prospective cohort design and included 40-60 patients with multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancer who had surgical indications. The research focuses on analysing the incidence rate, manifestations and the effectiveness of diagnostic methods of postoperative nerve damage.

Results: Studies have shown that minimally invasive lung resection combined with CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for multiple radiographic non-invasive lung cancers is a safe and effective treatment strategy. The combination of thermal medical imaging diagnostic techniques can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative neurological complications.

Conclusion: The diagnosis and management of postoperative nerve damage are of great significance in multimodal treatment. Through full-process imaging support and clinical assessment, the postoperative quality of life of patients can be effectively improved.

Oxidative stress induced by diets rich in trans-unsaturated fatty acids is well-documented. However, their organ-specific effects and the potential of antioxidant interventions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of margarine intake, with or without chamomile water decoction (CWD) or intermittent fasting (IF), on oxidative status in young C57BL/6J mice over 16 weeks. Margarine-fed mice had elevated lipid peroxide (LOOH) levels in the kidneys (females) and cortex (both sexes), while levels were lower in muscle and unchanged in the heart of both sexes. Activities of glutathione-dependent enzymes were higher in both sexes of margarine-fed mice. The addition of CWD to margarine provided antioxidant protection in female kidneys and heart, but caused oxidative damage in male heart. The margarine with IF demonstrated tissue-specific antioxidant benefits. Thus, margarine induces oxidative stress in a sex- and tissue-specific way. CWD and IF can counteract these effects, offering potential protective strategies against margarine-induced oxidative stress.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurosurgical emergency with a high rate of disability and mortality. In the treatment of TBI, apart from timely and effective clinical intervention measures, reasonable nutritional support also plays a significant role, among which protein nutrition intervention has attracted particular attention.

Purpose: This study aims to develop a clinical decision support system (CDSS), namely the T system, to automatically analyse the medical text data of TBI patients and output treatment plans, which also takes into account the importance of protein nutrition intervention.

Method: Therefore, the T system developed in this study can automatically identify and analyse the medical text data of TBI patients, and quickly output accurate treatment plans including protein nutrition intervention.

Conclusion: This system is expected to provide important decision support for clinicians, optimise the treatment process for TBI patients, improve treatment efficiency and enhance patient prognosis.

Context: Septic shock's fatal signs include hemodynamic collapse, systemic inflammation, and organ failure. Neurocardiac dysfunctions worsen outcomes, with lipid peroxidation from oxidative stress as a key damage mechanism.

Objective: Aim of this study is to investigates how lipid peroxidation in cell membranes generates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to mitochondrial damage, cell death, and autonomic dysfunction.

Materials and methods: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), toxic byproducts, contribute to cardiomyocyte injury, endothelial damage, blood-brain barrier disruption, and altered neuronal signalling. The research analyzes preclinical and clinical data associating sepsis oxidative indicators with poorer cardiac and neurological outcomes. Results: chronological relationship between oxidative stress, cardiac damage, and neural injury. While the visualisation highlights elevated biomarker levels in critically ill neurocardiac patients.

Discussion and conclusion: Early diagnosis, risk classification, and focused treatment for septic shock may benefit from understanding neurocardiac dysfunction and lipid peroxidation.

Background: Cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly malignant and poorly prognostic skin tumour, and its incidence rate is on the rise worldwide. At present, the treatment options for SKCM are limited, and the overall prognosis of patients is poor.

Purpose: It is urgent to find effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Method: Based on clinical sample data, the relationship between UQCC2 expression and patient prognosis was analysed, and its possible molecular mechanism was explored.

Results: Functional enrichment analysis revealed that among the genes co-expressed with UQCC2, many were related to neural and protein metabolism, suggesting that neural and protein metabolism interventions might affect the malignant phenotype of SKCM After knocking down UQCC2 in SKCM cells, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of the cells were significantly reduced.

Conclusion: It also implies that neural and protein metabolic interventions may affect the biological behaviour of SKCM cells by regulating the expression and function of UQCC2.

The NLRP3 protein plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Research has shown that arthritis caused by sports injuries is closely related to the activation of NLRP3. This study aims to explore the molecular structure of NLRP3 protein and its role in sports induced arthritis, and evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional and exercise interventions in combating sports induced arthritis. In sports induced arthritis, NLRP3 expression is significantly upregulated, indicating its importance in the inflammatory process. Nutritional intervention showed effective inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Stability intervention analysis shows that long-term adherence to exercise and nutritional interventions can sustainably reduce the activation level of NLRP3. Therefore, appropriate nutrition and exercise interventions can significantly reduce the activation of NLRP3, alleviate joint inflammation, and help protect joint health. It is recommended to introduce such intervention strategies in clinical practice to improve the consequences of joint injuries.

Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), a chronic complication of deep vein thrombosis, causes pain, swelling, and ulcers, impairing quality of life. This study explores the role of lipid peroxidation and chronic inflammation in PTS. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation damage the endothelium, increase venous pressure, and induce fibrosis, driving PTS progression. A biomarker-based ELISA approach is proposed to measure plasma lipid peroxidation products (e.g. MDA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6, TNF-α). This method detects early biochemical changes in post-DVT patients and tracks PTS risk. Elevated oxidative and inflammatory markers are strongly linked to PTS, supporting their use as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Screening may improve prediction (98.7%), prevention (97.3%), and management (99.4%), while reducing MDA (95.6%), IL-6 (93.4%), and TNF-α (97.45%). Observational NHS data support symptom-biomarker correlations. Preliminary values for MDA (14.3 ± 4.1 nmol/mL), IL-6 (2.3 ± 1.1 pg/mL), and TNF-α (1.5 ± 0.7 pg/mL) are included to clearly present and support the research hypothesis.

Context: With the continuous development of sports science, the importance of lipid metabolism control in athletes' physical training and evaluation has become increasingly prominent. Objective: Lipid metabolism, as a key link in human energy metabolism, its reasonable regulation has a profound impact on athletes' endurance, physical recovery and sports performance. Methods: By rationally regulating lipid metabolism, the endurance and exercise efficiency of athletes can be effectively enhanced. In the design of the physical fitness assessment system, the addition of the lipid metabolism monitoring module makes the physical fitness assessment more comprehensive and scientific. Results: This system can monitor the lipid metabolism status of athletes in real time and conduct comprehensive analysis in combination with other physical fitness indicators, providing more accurate feedback information for coaches and athletes. Conclusion: The application of artificial intelligence algorithms has further enhanced the accuracy and personalisation of physical fitness assessment.