Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.53841.1311
A. Gad, M. Orabi, Dina Y. Abdelghani, Khadiga A. Aboutaleb, Shimaa A. Amin
{"title":"Using Probiotic Bacteria for Soymilk Fermentation","authors":"A. Gad, M. Orabi, Dina Y. Abdelghani, Khadiga A. Aboutaleb, Shimaa A. Amin","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.53841.1311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.53841.1311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48668986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.81485.1394
M. Hassan, Arafat Yasser, K. El-Bagoury
In this work, electromagnetic field technology and electrolysis technology with aluminum electrodes coated with titanate nano-coating were combined in different investigated parameters: power types (Electrolysis pass (EP) and Electromagnetic pass (EMP)), voltage (12v, 24v and 36v) and nano-coating parameters (coated and uncoated). The designed water treatment unit was evaluated by recording the EC-meter readings for 60min (each 5min) at a flow rate of 5l/min. Results show that the best salt rejection rate was 3.4% when EMP was used before EP where four electrodes were coated. In contrast, the other parameters (EP, EMP+EP and EMP+EP (2 coated electrodes and 2 uncoated)) recorded the salt rejection rates 1.13%, 1.57% and 2.4%, respectively. This study is promising and opens the way for integrating both electrolysis and electromagnetic field technologies with on-farm irrigation systems and enhancing their efficiency using nanotechnology.
{"title":"Effect of Electrolysis Technology on Saline Water Under Utilize Nano-coated Electrodes","authors":"M. Hassan, Arafat Yasser, K. El-Bagoury","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.81485.1394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.81485.1394","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, electromagnetic field technology and electrolysis technology with aluminum electrodes coated with titanate nano-coating were combined in different investigated parameters: power types (Electrolysis pass (EP) and Electromagnetic pass (EMP)), voltage (12v, 24v and 36v) and nano-coating parameters (coated and uncoated). The designed water treatment unit was evaluated by recording the EC-meter readings for 60min (each 5min) at a flow rate of 5l/min. Results show that the best salt rejection rate was 3.4% when EMP was used before EP where four electrodes were coated. In contrast, the other parameters (EP, EMP+EP and EMP+EP (2 coated electrodes and 2 uncoated)) recorded the salt rejection rates 1.13%, 1.57% and 2.4%, respectively. This study is promising and opens the way for integrating both electrolysis and electromagnetic field technologies with on-farm irrigation systems and enhancing their efficiency using nanotechnology.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46897097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.69291.1354
A. El-Sayed, A. Kabany, W. Elhelew
The study was conducted on a knapsack sprayer powered by a DC motor through a 12 V lead acid battery charged from a solar panel (photovoltaic) directed to sun rays. The system was installed and tested in the western desert on a small-scale farm at Frafra Oasis (New val-ley). This study aimed to evaluate and develop a knapsack sprayer powered by a solar energy for overcoming operator fatigue and shortage of traditional energy in Egypt’s western desert. The experiments were conducted during the period which starts in August 2019 till Febru-ary 2020. The main parts of the system consist of photovoltaic (PV) or solar cells, charger controller, rechargeable battery, and DC motor speed control with dimmer and pump which was attached with a tank 20 liters capacity for sucking and pressurizing the liquid to the boom of the sprayer through a flexible hose. The main results of experiments were as fol-lows: The time for recharging the battery completely was found 330 minutes (5.5 hours) to charge completely from 10.55 V – 13.85 V, with current intensity 1.67 Ampere. The battery discharge time was varied due to drop the battery voltage from 13.85 – 10.55 Volts. Depending on the motor speed, which is the time for discharging the battery was found 4 – 9 hours, when motor pulled 0.85 - 1.85 Amps at 2000 - 3400 rpm and this time at deferent speed is enough to spray area 3 - 6.82 fed/day "day work = 6 hours" with application rate 67 - 104.7 l/fed. The number of droplets and the area coverage percentage ranges from 30 – 146.33 drops and 13.96 – 27.97% for one cm 2 of simulator targets at a speed ranging from 2000 – 3400 rpm, respectively.
这项研究是在一个背包式喷雾器上进行的，该喷雾器由直流电机通过由太阳能电池板（光伏）充电的12V铅酸电池提供动力。该系统在西部沙漠的Frafra Oasis（New val ley）的一个小规模农场进行了安装和测试。本研究旨在评估和开发一种太阳能背包喷雾器，以克服埃及西部沙漠地区操作员的疲劳和传统能源的短缺。实验在2019年8月至2020年2月期间进行。该系统的主要部件包括光伏（PV）或太阳能电池、充电器控制器、可充电电池和带调光器和泵的直流电机速度控制，该调光器连接有一个容量为20升的水箱，用于通过柔性软管将液体抽吸和加压到喷雾器的吊杆。实验的主要结果如下：从10.55V到13.85V，电流强度为1.67安培，电池完全充电的时间为330分钟（5.5小时）。由于蓄电池电压从13.85伏降至10.55伏，蓄电池放电时间发生变化。根据电机速度，即电池放电的时间，当电机在2000-3400转/分下拉动0.85-1.85安培时，发现为4-9小时，而这一时间在不同的速度下足以喷洒区域3-6.82次/天“一天工作=6小时”，施用量为67-104.7升/次。在2000–3400 rpm的速度范围内，1 cm 2的模拟器目标的液滴数量和面积覆盖率分别为30–146.33滴和13.96–27.97%。
{"title":"A Study on Pesticide Sprayer Powered by Solar Energy Appropriate for Small Farms","authors":"A. El-Sayed, A. Kabany, W. Elhelew","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.69291.1354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.69291.1354","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted on a knapsack sprayer powered by a DC motor through a 12 V lead acid battery charged from a solar panel (photovoltaic) directed to sun rays. The system was installed and tested in the western desert on a small-scale farm at Frafra Oasis (New val-ley). This study aimed to evaluate and develop a knapsack sprayer powered by a solar energy for overcoming operator fatigue and shortage of traditional energy in Egypt’s western desert. The experiments were conducted during the period which starts in August 2019 till Febru-ary 2020. The main parts of the system consist of photovoltaic (PV) or solar cells, charger controller, rechargeable battery, and DC motor speed control with dimmer and pump which was attached with a tank 20 liters capacity for sucking and pressurizing the liquid to the boom of the sprayer through a flexible hose. The main results of experiments were as fol-lows: The time for recharging the battery completely was found 330 minutes (5.5 hours) to charge completely from 10.55 V – 13.85 V, with current intensity 1.67 Ampere. The battery discharge time was varied due to drop the battery voltage from 13.85 – 10.55 Volts. Depending on the motor speed, which is the time for discharging the battery was found 4 – 9 hours, when motor pulled 0.85 - 1.85 Amps at 2000 - 3400 rpm and this time at deferent speed is enough to spray area 3 - 6.82 fed/day \"day work = 6 hours\" with application rate 67 - 104.7 l/fed. The number of droplets and the area coverage percentage ranges from 30 – 146.33 drops and 13.96 – 27.97% for one cm 2 of simulator targets at a speed ranging from 2000 – 3400 rpm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41346731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.73419.1367
Karema Tarek, S. Eisa, S. Hussin, Ibrahim Alshamy
There is little evidence that the nitrogen nutrition supply at rates above or less than what is considered optimal in non-saline conditions improves growth and yield of halophyte crop cultivated under salt stress. Therefore, hypothesize of the present work was to find out the magnitude to which N could restore the harmful effects of salt stress on quinoa plants. A pot experiment was performed in greenhouse conditions to evaluate quinoa's response grown under water salinity treatments (0.0 & 200 mM NaCl) when nitrogen nutrition rates were limiting (50ppm), adequate (250 ppm), and excess (450 ppm) to guide proper application rate of nitrogen fertilizer under salinity stress. The results indicated that, salinity caused a significant decrease in the vegetative growth of the plant. Consequently, all vegetative measurements were negatively affected. As a result, the seed yield decreased to more than 50%. The application of a moderate level of nitrogen (250 ppm) caused a significant ameliorative effect on seed yield by 126% under non saline conditions and 34.5 % under saline conditions compared to the low nitrogen level. The results did not improve any further with the application of a higher level of nitrogen. These results indicate that applying (N) in adequate may improve most traits and prove to be a physiological treatment to increase resistance against the negative effects of salt stress in quinoa.
{"title":"Nitrogen Nutrition and Adaptation of Halophyte Chenopodium quinoa to Salt Stress","authors":"Karema Tarek, S. Eisa, S. Hussin, Ibrahim Alshamy","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.73419.1367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.73419.1367","url":null,"abstract":"There is little evidence that the nitrogen nutrition supply at rates above or less than what is considered optimal in non-saline conditions improves growth and yield of halophyte crop cultivated under salt stress. Therefore, hypothesize of the present work was to find out the magnitude to which N could restore the harmful effects of salt stress on quinoa plants. A pot experiment was performed in greenhouse conditions to evaluate quinoa's response grown under water salinity treatments (0.0 & 200 mM NaCl) when nitrogen nutrition rates were limiting (50ppm), adequate (250 ppm), and excess (450 ppm) to guide proper application rate of nitrogen fertilizer under salinity stress. The results indicated that, salinity caused a significant decrease in the vegetative growth of the plant. Consequently, all vegetative measurements were negatively affected. As a result, the seed yield decreased to more than 50%. The application of a moderate level of nitrogen (250 ppm) caused a significant ameliorative effect on seed yield by 126% under non saline conditions and 34.5 % under saline conditions compared to the low nitrogen level. The results did not improve any further with the application of a higher level of nitrogen. These results indicate that applying (N) in adequate may improve most traits and prove to be a physiological treatment to increase resistance against the negative effects of salt stress in quinoa.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44907587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.73686.1366
A. Hassan, E. A. Elenin, Etab Abdel-Galil, G. Gouda
Twelve local Zaraiby goats with average live body weight of 10.71±0.23 kg (5-6 months). Animals were divided into three comparable groups. Goats in first group were fed without supplement (control group) or supplemented with 25% ordinary cobalt and 25% nanocobalt from cobalt requirements (NRC, 1985). The results showed that no significant difference (P>0.05) among experimental groups for DMI and CPI values. However, there was a highest significant difference (P<0.05) in average daily gain, total gain, and feed efficiency (kg gain/ kg DMI) for nanocobalt group. Nutrients digestibility values as DM, CP, CF, NFC, ADF, NDF, cellulose and hemicellulose in addition to percentage of TDN in nanocobalt treatment were higher significantly than those others groups. But the ratio of nitrogen balance in goats' diet with nanocobalt group was less than that using ordinary cobalt and control group. While the DE (Mcal/Kg DMI) ratio was no significant differences observed among groups. Rumen pH and TVFA’s values after 3 and 6 hours of feeding, the control and the ordinary cobalt groups increased (P<0.05) more than the nanocobalt group. After 3hrs, adding nanocobalt has lower significant values for NH 3 -N than those others. Where, the control group recorded the lowest value. No significant (P>0.05) differences were observed at 0, 3and 6 hrs. after feeding for all blood parameters. There was a slight increase for most of body measurements with nanocobalt supplement. It could be concluded that adding nanocobalt for goats' rations enhanced growth performance, digestibility coefficients, rumen parameters and slightly body measurements without any diverse effect on animals' health.
{"title":"Growth Performance and Some Body Muscles Measurements of Zaraiby Goats Feed Ration with Adding Ordinary or Nano Cobalt","authors":"A. Hassan, E. A. Elenin, Etab Abdel-Galil, G. Gouda","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.73686.1366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.73686.1366","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve local Zaraiby goats with average live body weight of 10.71±0.23 kg (5-6 months). Animals were divided into three comparable groups. Goats in first group were fed without supplement (control group) or supplemented with 25% ordinary cobalt and 25% nanocobalt from cobalt requirements (NRC, 1985). The results showed that no significant difference (P>0.05) among experimental groups for DMI and CPI values. However, there was a highest significant difference (P<0.05) in average daily gain, total gain, and feed efficiency (kg gain/ kg DMI) for nanocobalt group. Nutrients digestibility values as DM, CP, CF, NFC, ADF, NDF, cellulose and hemicellulose in addition to percentage of TDN in nanocobalt treatment were higher significantly than those others groups. But the ratio of nitrogen balance in goats' diet with nanocobalt group was less than that using ordinary cobalt and control group. While the DE (Mcal/Kg DMI) ratio was no significant differences observed among groups. Rumen pH and TVFA’s values after 3 and 6 hours of feeding, the control and the ordinary cobalt groups increased (P<0.05) more than the nanocobalt group. After 3hrs, adding nanocobalt has lower significant values for NH 3 -N than those others. Where, the control group recorded the lowest value. No significant (P>0.05) differences were observed at 0, 3and 6 hrs. after feeding for all blood parameters. There was a slight increase for most of body measurements with nanocobalt supplement. It could be concluded that adding nanocobalt for goats' rations enhanced growth performance, digestibility coefficients, rumen parameters and slightly body measurements without any diverse effect on animals' health.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47022931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.55062.1320
Eman Abd-Elfattah, A. Sheta, Mohammed Saifeldeen, S. Hassanein, Y. Mahmoud
Kitchener drain is considered one of the largest drains in the Nile delta. The current study aimed to assess water quality and level of some chemical and biological pollutants in both the water and sediments of Kitchener drain. The studied water quality parameters in-cluded nitrate (NO 3- ), phosphate (PO 43- ), total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS), in addition, water and sediment samples were exposed to bacteriological analysis which included, total coliform (TC) bacteria, faecal coliform (FC) bacteria and Salmonella & Shigella (SS ) . The results showed that nitrate (NO 3- ) and phosphate (PO 43- ) concentrations in most sampling sides were within the permitted Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) limits for irrigation water. In addition, all the values of total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids concentrations (TDS) in El-Gharbia governorate were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) permitted limits. Bacteriological results revealed that most sampling sites were contaminated with both TC and FC bacteria where, the counts of them in the water samples exceeded the 1,000 CFU/100 ml which is higher than the WHO limits. In addi-tion, the counts of studied organisms in all examined sediment samples were higher compared to water samples. Based on these results the water in Kitchener drain is considered unsuitable for domestic and agricultural pur-poses.
{"title":"Assessment of Water and Sediments quality of Kitchener drain, Nile Delta, Egypt.","authors":"Eman Abd-Elfattah, A. Sheta, Mohammed Saifeldeen, S. Hassanein, Y. Mahmoud","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.55062.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.55062.1320","url":null,"abstract":"Kitchener drain is considered one of the largest drains in the Nile delta. The current study aimed to assess water quality and level of some chemical and biological pollutants in both the water and sediments of Kitchener drain. The studied water quality parameters in-cluded nitrate (NO 3- ), phosphate (PO 43- ), total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS), in addition, water and sediment samples were exposed to bacteriological analysis which included, total coliform (TC) bacteria, faecal coliform (FC) bacteria and Salmonella & Shigella (SS ) . The results showed that nitrate (NO 3- ) and phosphate (PO 43- ) concentrations in most sampling sides were within the permitted Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) limits for irrigation water. In addition, all the values of total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids concentrations (TDS) in El-Gharbia governorate were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) permitted limits. Bacteriological results revealed that most sampling sites were contaminated with both TC and FC bacteria where, the counts of them in the water samples exceeded the 1,000 CFU/100 ml which is higher than the WHO limits. In addi-tion, the counts of studied organisms in all examined sediment samples were higher compared to water samples. Based on these results the water in Kitchener drain is considered unsuitable for domestic and agricultural pur-poses.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41637859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.82532.1397
Sawsan M. Abdelmegeed
Rearing mulberry silkworm was found to be dependent on leaves quality of mulberry trees, larvae of mulberry silkworm fed on two species of mulberry trees Morus alba and Morus nigra were treated with foliar fertilizer (Basfoliar 20-19-19 SP contains 20% N, 19% P 2 O 5 , 19% K 2 O, 5% NO 3 , 3.6% NH 4 and 11.4% NH 2 ) with three different concentra-tions,1%, 3% and 6% in addition to control treatment for comparison. When larvae were fed on leaves of mulberry trees one day after Treatment, high mortality (up to 100%) was observed specially with 6% concentration. Mean weights of larvae, cocoons and cocoon shell and fecundity were negatively affected when compared to control. On the other hand, when larvae were fed on leaves of mulberry trees, no mortality occurred after two weeks of treatment in all concentrations, in addition, the mean weights of larvae at the end of 4 th and 5 th instar larvae, cocoons and cocoon shell s increased at 3% concentration compared with other concentrations and control. The highest fecundity occurred in female moths when larvae were fed on leaves of M .nigra compared with M. alba as well as 3% concentration compared with other concentrations and control.
{"title":"Foliar Fertilization of Different Species of Mulberry Trees and Its Impact on Silkworm Bombyx Mori Productivity from Cocoons and Eggs","authors":"Sawsan M. Abdelmegeed","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.82532.1397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.82532.1397","url":null,"abstract":"Rearing mulberry silkworm was found to be dependent on leaves quality of mulberry trees, larvae of mulberry silkworm fed on two species of mulberry trees Morus alba and Morus nigra were treated with foliar fertilizer (Basfoliar 20-19-19 SP contains 20% N, 19% P 2 O 5 , 19% K 2 O, 5% NO 3 , 3.6% NH 4 and 11.4% NH 2 ) with three different concentra-tions,1%, 3% and 6% in addition to control treatment for comparison. When larvae were fed on leaves of mulberry trees one day after Treatment, high mortality (up to 100%) was observed specially with 6% concentration. Mean weights of larvae, cocoons and cocoon shell and fecundity were negatively affected when compared to control. On the other hand, when larvae were fed on leaves of mulberry trees, no mortality occurred after two weeks of treatment in all concentrations, in addition, the mean weights of larvae at the end of 4 th and 5 th instar larvae, cocoons and cocoon shell s increased at 3% concentration compared with other concentrations and control. The highest fecundity occurred in female moths when larvae were fed on leaves of M .nigra compared with M. alba as well as 3% concentration compared with other concentrations and control.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44547299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.53764.1310
S. Mojahed, Etab Abdel-Galil, Hamdy Mossa
This paper is evaluating the addition of nanocobalt on dry matter, organic matter, cellulose and hemicellulose degradability of Invitro gases technique. Nanocobalt as an additive were used as 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% from the animal requirements on DM basis. The regular ration (1:1 concentrate: clover hay) was incubated for 24 hours. Then 24 and 48 hours of dry matter, organic matter, cellulose and hemicellulose were used to research the impact of adding 25 and 50% nanocobalt to some roughages (rice, bean, wheat, bagasse and peanut) straws using In-vitro disappearance. Results of In-vitro gas indicated that the DMD degradability values were increased (P<0.05) in 50 and 75 %, while the highest of OMD was in 25 and 50 % of nanocobalt. The nanocobalt had no effect on pH, but had a greater influence on the values of ammonia and TVF’s, as well as the degradability of cell wall components with microbial proteins. In control ration, the gas production was high, adding cobalt (100 %) and nanocobalt (25 and 50 %) than other of addition. High values of microbial protein (MP) and microbial protein efficiency (EMP) recorded for all different nanocobalt added. Nanocobalt 25% output gas of DM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose showed increase (P<0.05) compared to any additional levels. It concluded that the addition of nanocobalt increased the production of gas, ammonia, TVF’s, metabolizable energy and degradability of cell wall constituents. It showed that the addition of nanocobalt had a stronger effect on disappearance of all roughages as DM, OM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose. Furthermore, the addition of 25% nanocobalt had a significant effect (P<0.05) on improving In-vitro DM and OM disappearance of all roughages except bagasse had a significant effect in add 50 % nanocobalt.
{"title":"Using In vitro Technique to evaluation adding Nano cobalt to some roughages","authors":"S. Mojahed, Etab Abdel-Galil, Hamdy Mossa","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.53764.1310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.53764.1310","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is evaluating the addition of nanocobalt on dry matter, organic matter, cellulose and hemicellulose degradability of Invitro gases technique. Nanocobalt as an additive were used as 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% from the animal requirements on DM basis. The regular ration (1:1 concentrate: clover hay) was incubated for 24 hours. Then 24 and 48 hours of dry matter, organic matter, cellulose and hemicellulose were used to research the impact of adding 25 and 50% nanocobalt to some roughages (rice, bean, wheat, bagasse and peanut) straws using In-vitro disappearance. Results of In-vitro gas indicated that the DMD degradability values were increased (P<0.05) in 50 and 75 %, while the highest of OMD was in 25 and 50 % of nanocobalt. The nanocobalt had no effect on pH, but had a greater influence on the values of ammonia and TVF’s, as well as the degradability of cell wall components with microbial proteins. In control ration, the gas production was high, adding cobalt (100 %) and nanocobalt (25 and 50 %) than other of addition. High values of microbial protein (MP) and microbial protein efficiency (EMP) recorded for all different nanocobalt added. Nanocobalt 25% output gas of DM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose showed increase (P<0.05) compared to any additional levels. It concluded that the addition of nanocobalt increased the production of gas, ammonia, TVF’s, metabolizable energy and degradability of cell wall constituents. It showed that the addition of nanocobalt had a stronger effect on disappearance of all roughages as DM, OM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose. Furthermore, the addition of 25% nanocobalt had a significant effect (P<0.05) on improving In-vitro DM and OM disappearance of all roughages except bagasse had a significant effect in add 50 % nanocobalt.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45083441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.54290.1317
Naglaa A. Taha, Ayman Abohadeed, T. Fayed, M. Fergany
An experimental field trial was conducted in seasons of 2015 and 2016 at Giza Experimental Station of Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Egypt to evaluate the foliar spray effect with transpiration regulators (Potassium, Kaolin and Ascorbic acid) and three levels of irrigations (100%, 80% and 60% of Et0) on yield, its attributes, and water productivity of two sunflower cultivars (Giza 102 and Solala 120). The factorial treatments were arranged in splitsplit plot design with three replications. The irrigation levels (100%, 80% and 60% of Et0) were devoted for main plots, while subplots contained the three spraying treatments of transpiration regulators. (Potassium at 1%, Kaolin at 3% and Ascorbic acid at 100 ppm), in addition to control treatment (water spray). Sub-sub plots were occupied by the two sunflower cultivars (Giza 102 and Solala 120). Obtained results proved that, increasing irrigation levels up to (80100%) caused significant increase in all growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyll), relative water content (RWC %) and seed oil %. Also, yield parameters being head diameter, 1000seed weight and seed yield) show significant reduction under water deficit. Foliar spray with (Potassium at 1%, Kaolin at 3% and Ascorbic acid at 100 ppm), positively affected all the growth and physiological criteria of the tested plants compared with control. Generally, under low irrigation levels, application of transpiration regulators effectively reduced the detrimental impact of drought stress on growth, yield and its components of the two used cultivars in the two seasons. While, foliar spraying of potassium under 100% of Et0 gave the best treatment in this respect. Concerning cultivars, WUE (water use efficiency) for Solala 120 was significantly higher than for Giza 102 in the two seasons. All interactions among factors under study due to WUE were not significant in 2015 and 2016 seasons.
{"title":"Evaluation of Some Transpiration Regulators in Sunflower for Saving Irrigation Water in Relation to Productivity","authors":"Naglaa A. Taha, Ayman Abohadeed, T. Fayed, M. Fergany","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.54290.1317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.54290.1317","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental field trial was conducted in seasons of 2015 and 2016 at Giza Experimental Station of Agricultural Research Centre (ARC), Egypt to evaluate the foliar spray effect with transpiration regulators (Potassium, Kaolin and Ascorbic acid) and three levels of irrigations (100%, 80% and 60% of Et0) on yield, its attributes, and water productivity of two sunflower cultivars (Giza 102 and Solala 120). The factorial treatments were arranged in splitsplit plot design with three replications. The irrigation levels (100%, 80% and 60% of Et0) were devoted for main plots, while subplots contained the three spraying treatments of transpiration regulators. (Potassium at 1%, Kaolin at 3% and Ascorbic acid at 100 ppm), in addition to control treatment (water spray). Sub-sub plots were occupied by the two sunflower cultivars (Giza 102 and Solala 120). Obtained results proved that, increasing irrigation levels up to (80100%) caused significant increase in all growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments (total chlorophyll), relative water content (RWC %) and seed oil %. Also, yield parameters being head diameter, 1000seed weight and seed yield) show significant reduction under water deficit. Foliar spray with (Potassium at 1%, Kaolin at 3% and Ascorbic acid at 100 ppm), positively affected all the growth and physiological criteria of the tested plants compared with control. Generally, under low irrigation levels, application of transpiration regulators effectively reduced the detrimental impact of drought stress on growth, yield and its components of the two used cultivars in the two seasons. While, foliar spraying of potassium under 100% of Et0 gave the best treatment in this respect. Concerning cultivars, WUE (water use efficiency) for Solala 120 was significantly higher than for Giza 102 in the two seasons. All interactions among factors under study due to WUE were not significant in 2015 and 2016 seasons.","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49529223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-07DOI: 10.21608/ajs.2021.81294.1393
M. Abdel-Raouf, S. Nasr, E. Aref, Khadiga A. Aboutaleb
Growing wastewater microalgae contributes to the elimination of nutrients and pollutants present in wastewater because they need N and P for the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acid, and phospholipids. The most sustainable approach for achieving high biomass and high lipid build-up, along with environmental protection. In the current research, nine microalgae were cultivated on two variations of wastewater (agricultural and industrial dyes wastewater) and compared to the synthetic medium. The results indicated that after three weeks of the incubation period, the ability of microalgae to grow in sterilized synthetic medium and wastewater and gave greater biomass and chlorophyll (a) than in non-sterilized ones. Out of the tested nine microalgae, four microalgae (Nostoc muscorum, Anabeana oryzae, Spirulina platensis and Anabeana fertilissima) were selected which gave the highest significant values of dry weight, biomass productivity and chlorophyll (a) content. The selected microalgae showed the highest significant values of the chemical composition, i.e. total carbohydrate, protein and lipid when cultivated in agricultural wastewater more than those cultivated in both industrial dyes wastewater and synthetic broth medium. Among four microalgae, two microalgae of A. oryzae HSSASE6 (KT277789), and S. platensis NIES-39 (A00800) were chosen where the chemical composition contents ranged from 1.17 to 1.21-fold and 1.03 to 1.06-fold of carbohydrate, 1.06 to 1.09-fold and 1.88 to 1.93-fold of protein and 1.41 to 1.52-fold and 1.76 to 1.90-fold of lipid more than those of other microalgae, respectively. The agriculture wastewater was inoculated with a single culture of A. oryzae HSSASE6 (KT277789) or S. platensis NIES-39 (A00800) individually with 10 % of inoculum size, which more preferred than was inoculated with consortia culture. Results also showed that A. oryzae HSSASE6 (KT277789) was more efficient strain for giving biomass and productivity in agricultural wastewater than S. platensis NIES-39 (A00800) (about 28% more ).
{"title":"Biomass Production of Microalgae using Agricultural and Industrial Wastewater","authors":"M. Abdel-Raouf, S. Nasr, E. Aref, Khadiga A. Aboutaleb","doi":"10.21608/ajs.2021.81294.1393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajs.2021.81294.1393","url":null,"abstract":"Growing wastewater microalgae contributes to the elimination of nutrients and pollutants present in wastewater because they need N and P for the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acid, and phospholipids. The most sustainable approach for achieving high biomass and high lipid build-up, along with environmental protection. In the current research, nine microalgae were cultivated on two variations of wastewater (agricultural and industrial dyes wastewater) and compared to the synthetic medium. The results indicated that after three weeks of the incubation period, the ability of microalgae to grow in sterilized synthetic medium and wastewater and gave greater biomass and chlorophyll (a) than in non-sterilized ones. Out of the tested nine microalgae, four microalgae (Nostoc muscorum, Anabeana oryzae, Spirulina platensis and Anabeana fertilissima) were selected which gave the highest significant values of dry weight, biomass productivity and chlorophyll (a) content. The selected microalgae showed the highest significant values of the chemical composition, i.e. total carbohydrate, protein and lipid when cultivated in agricultural wastewater more than those cultivated in both industrial dyes wastewater and synthetic broth medium. Among four microalgae, two microalgae of A. oryzae HSSASE6 (KT277789), and S. platensis NIES-39 (A00800) were chosen where the chemical composition contents ranged from 1.17 to 1.21-fold and 1.03 to 1.06-fold of carbohydrate, 1.06 to 1.09-fold and 1.88 to 1.93-fold of protein and 1.41 to 1.52-fold and 1.76 to 1.90-fold of lipid more than those of other microalgae, respectively. The agriculture wastewater was inoculated with a single culture of A. oryzae HSSASE6 (KT277789) or S. platensis NIES-39 (A00800) individually with 10 % of inoculum size, which more preferred than was inoculated with consortia culture. Results also showed that A. oryzae HSSASE6 (KT277789) was more efficient strain for giving biomass and productivity in agricultural wastewater than S. platensis NIES-39 (A00800) (about 28% more ).","PeriodicalId":8366,"journal":{"name":"Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46817708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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