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Overview on Niosome 关于 Niosome 的概述
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1295
Kapse Sanket, Jadhav Prakash, Redasani Vivekkumar
Pharmaceutical such achemicals can be administered locally to sick locations using target-specific drug-delivery devices.Some of the carriers used in various drug delivery techniques includesynthetic polymers, serum proteins, and immune globulins, liposomes, and microspheres. Niosomes' vesicular system, which features a bilayer structure made possible by nonionic surfactants, has the capacity to extend the time that a medicine is accessible in a specific region .Capturing hydrophilic molecules in niosomes or lipophilic medicines is enhanced by their amphiphilic character. To keep the niosomes' structure rigid, additional chemicals like cholesterol can be added. The key features of niosomes, such as their structural components, production methods, limitations, and current applications to a range of the narrative review mentions disorders briefly.
用于各种给药技术的载体包括合成聚合物、血清蛋白和免疫球蛋白、脂质体和微球。Niosomes 的囊泡系统由非离子表面活性剂形成双层结构,可延长药物在特定区域的可接触时间。为了使iosomes 的结构保持坚硬,还可以添加胆固醇等化学物质。本综述简要介绍了niosomes的主要特点,如其结构成分、生产方法、局限性以及目前在一系列疾病中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Nimbadi Ointment after Chhedankarma in the Management of Gudavidradhi-A Case Study 在 Chhedankarma疗法后使用 Nimbadi 软膏治疗古达韦德拉迪--一项病例研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1311
Varsha R. Sharma, Jigna Patel, Dhruval Padadhariya, Wasim Kazi
Phenomena of vidradhi formation is due to vitiation of dosha resides in asthi and spreads and vitiates to the twacha, rakta, mamsa, meda and gradually reformed into excessively severe inflammatory swelling, which is maha-mulam (deep rooted), rujavantam (severe painful) vruttam (round) or aayatam (elongated in shape) that is calledvidhradhi1. In case of pei-anal abscess, originates from an infection arising in the crypto glandular epithelium lin-ing of the anal canal spreading into adjacent space and resulting in fistulas 40% of cases. Sheegravidahitvat definition of Vidradhi means virulence of disease. Acharya Sushruta mentions that if vidradhi attains pakvaavastha, the first line of treatment is to drain the pus through bhedana and later, it should be treated as Vrana. In the present context, a 52 years old male suffering from left sided gluteal abscess was admitted and treated with surgical incision and drainage This case ofanal abscess (gudavidradhi) so,application of nimbadi ointment after bhedankarma (incision and drainage) is the line of treatment.
肛门脓肿的形成是由于淤积在肛门内的淤积物(dosha)变坏,并向肛门内的twacha、rakta、mamsa、meda扩散和变坏,逐渐形成过度严重的炎症肿胀,即maha-mulam(根深蒂固)、rujavantam(剧烈疼痛)、vruttam(圆形)或aayatam(形状拉长),称为肛门脓肿(vidhradhi)1。在肛管脓肿的病例中,40%的病例源于肛管内隐性腺上皮的感染,并扩散到邻近空间,导致肛瘘。Sheegravidahitvat 对 Vidradhi 的定义是指疾病的毒性。Acharya Sushruta 提到,如果 Vidradhi 达到 pakvaavastha,第一线治疗是通过 bhedana 排出脓液,之后应作为 Vrana 治疗。在本病例中,一名 52 岁的男性患有左侧臀部脓肿,入院后进行了手术切开和引流治疗,该病例属于肛门脓肿(gudavidradhi),因此在进行 bhedankarma(切开和引流)后涂抹 nimbadi 软膏是治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Jalokaavacharana in the Management of Varicose Veins (Sirajgranthi)- A Case Study Jalokaavacharana 在治疗静脉曲张(Sirajgranthi)中的作用 - 案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1305
Wasim Kazi, Jigna Patel, Varsha Sharma, Sonal Panchal
When a vein becomes dilated, elongated and tortuous, the veins is said varicose. The common sight of varicosity are superficial venous system of lower limb effecting either long or short  saphenous veins, oesophageal varices, varicosity of haemorrhoidal veins, varicosity of spermatic veins. Generally varicose veins are compared with sirajgranthi according to Ayurveda. Acharya Sushruta had described various types of granthi and its various treatment modalities among them jalaukaavacharana is one of them. Sushruta had given special chapter related to jalauka in which he had described the types, nomenclature, specific qualities of each types of jalauka, their method to apply and detach and how to do vamana of jalauka. Acharya charak also described jalauka as best amongst all anushashtras. Jalaukapossesessheet guna in nature and on the basis of sign and symptoms varicose veins can be correlated with sirajgranthi. In this case study a 36- year old woman of bilateral varicose veins was treated successfully and found symptomatic relief.
当静脉扩张、伸长和迂曲时,就会出现静脉曲张。常见的静脉曲张有下肢浅静脉系统的长隐静脉或短隐静脉、食道静脉曲张、痔静脉曲张和精索静脉曲张。一般来说,阿育吠陀将静脉曲张与sirajgranthi相提并论。Acharya Sushruta 描述了各种类型的 granthi 及其各种治疗方法,其中 jalaukaavacharana 就是其中之一。Sushruta 专门撰写了与 jalauka 有关的章节,其中描述了每种 jalauka 的类型、命名、特质、应用和分离方法以及如何使用 jalauka 的 vamana。阿查里亚-查拉克还将 jalauka 描述为所有阿努沙斯特拉中最好的一种。Jalaukapossesessheet guna的性质和体征静脉曲张可以与sirajgranthi相关联。在本病例研究中,一名 36 岁的女性双侧静脉曲张患者得到了成功治疗,症状得到缓解。
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引用次数: 0
Ayurvedic Management of Ashmari – A Single Case Study 阿育吠陀治疗阿什马利病--单个病例研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1308
Damini Parmar, Jigna Patel, Dhruval Padadharia, Divyabahen S. Ninama
Since ancient times Ashmari is mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. Ashmari is a disease related to the urinary system (Mutravahasrotas). Mutrashmari is described under Asthamahagad (difficult to cure) in Ayurveda. It possesses symptoms such as Jwara (Fever), Basti Pida (Discomfort and pain in the bladder), Aruchi (Anorexia), Mutrakriccha(Difficulty in micturition), Bastishira Vedana (Pain in Urethra), Mushka Vedana (Pain in testicles) and Shepha Vedana (Pain in the penis) have been described in Ayurvedic classical texts.  A 34-year-old female patient visited OPD, with complaints of pain in the right side of the Abdomen, Burning Micturition, Nausea and Vomiting. The USG reported calculus measuring 16-17mm in right upper ureter 5mm in lower calyx of right kidney and few tiny 3-4 mm in right kidney 5-4 mm in Left kidneywith the normal functioning of vitals. The patient was treated with Chandraprabha Vati 2 BD, GokshuradiGuggulu 2 BD, Gokshurchurna +Punarnava churnaand Hajrulyahoodbhasma BD on OPD basis. The patient was advised initially follow up after 7 days and later after every 15 days. Along with medication, the patient was also advised to follow diet and lifestyle restrictions. The patient got relief in signs and symptoms and the USG report showed size of calculus decrease and some small calculi expelled.
自古以来,阿育吠陀经文中就提到了阿什玛丽。Ashmari 是一种与泌尿系统(Mutravahasrotas)有关的疾病。阿育吠陀在 Asthamahagad(难以治愈)中描述了 Mutrashmari。阿育吠陀经典文献中描述了它的症状,如 Jwara(发烧)、Basti Pida(膀胱不适和疼痛)、Aruchi(厌食)、Mutrakriccha(排尿困难)、Bastishira Vedana(尿道疼痛)、Mushka Vedana(睾丸疼痛)和 Shepha Vedana(阴茎疼痛)。 一名 34 岁的女性患者前来门诊就诊,主诉腹部右侧疼痛、排尿灼痛、恶心和呕吐。USG 报告显示,右上输尿管结石为 16-17 毫米,右肾下肾萼为 5 毫米,右肾为 3-4 毫米,左肾为 5-4 毫米,生命体征正常。患者在门诊接受了 Chandraprabha Vati 2 BD、Gokshuradi Guggulu 2 BD、Gokshurchurna +Punarnava churna 和 Hajrulyahoodbhasma BD 治疗。最初建议患者 7 天后复诊,之后每 15 天复诊一次。除药物治疗外,还建议患者遵守饮食和生活方式限制。患者的症状和体征有所缓解,USG 报告显示结石缩小,一些小结石被排出。
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引用次数: 0
Inspections – Key Role in Quality of Medicines 检查--药品质量的关键作用
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1313
Manan Shah, Vishal Shah
Global patients depend on medications for their specific purposes. These drugs are manufactured both domestically and internationally. Regardless of where they are manufactured, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) plays a pivotal role in the United States, regulating drugs, biologics, and devices by not only scrutinizing each marketing holder's application but also guaranteeing that the product's manufacturer complies with current good manufacturing practices (cGMP). This ensures that the product's quality is consistent and is manufactured securely for its intended use.
全球患者都依赖药物来达到特定目的。这些药物既有国内生产的,也有国际生产的。无论在哪里生产,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)在美国药品、生物制剂和器械的监管中都发挥着举足轻重的作用,它不仅要严格审查每个上市持有人的申请,还要保证产品的生产商符合现行的良好生产规范(cGMP)。这就确保了产品的质量始终如一,并能按照预期用途安全生产。
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引用次数: 0
A Single Case Study of Cupping Therapy in AVABAHUK (Frozen Shoulder). 拔罐疗法治疗肩周炎的单例研究。
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1312
Sonal Panchal, Jigna Patel, Wasim Kazi, Divyabahen S. Ninama
Pain has been described by the International Association for the Study of Pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage”. Shoulder pain is one of the most common health problems encountered in the general population.Shoulder pain is a common symptom, in especially in office workers. In developed countries, approximately twothirds of people experience shoulder pain. This disorder occurs most frequently in the middle-aged population and more often in females than in males. A majority of the acute shoulder sufferers obtain spontaneous relief within days or weeks, although approximately 10% of acute shoulder pain suffers experience the condition as chronic or persistent. Conventional treatments such as medications and surgery were not always effective, and may have serious adverse effects. Frozen shoulder is a chronic aseptic inflammation caused by injury and degeneration of shoulder capsule and periarthritic soft tissue (including ligaments, muscles, tendons, synovial sacs, etc.). [i]Cupping is gaining popularity in physical medicine due to its ease of use, lack of side effects, and pain relief. This study looked at the efficacy of cupping therapy for treating shoulder pain. Cupping therapy (CT) is a traditional Chinese medical (TCM) treatment which has been practiced for thousands of years. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition of cupping is a therapeutic method involving the application of suction by creating a vacum. This is typically done using fire in a cup or jar on the dermis of the affected part of the body.[ii] In this case study a patient diagnosed with AVABAHUK (Frozen Shoulder) was treated with a WET CUPPING THERAPY. After completion of cupping therapy significant relief was observed in symptoms.
国际疼痛研究协会将疼痛描述为 "与实际或潜在的组织损伤有关的不愉快的感觉和情绪体验"。肩部疼痛是普通人群中最常见的健康问题之一。在发达国家,约有三分之二的人有肩痛的经历。这种疾病多发于中年人群,女性多于男性。大多数急性肩痛患者会在数天或数周内自发缓解症状,但约有 10%的急性肩痛患者会经历慢性或持续性肩痛。药物和手术等传统治疗方法并不总是有效,而且可能会产生严重的不良反应。 肩周炎是由肩关节囊和关节周围软组织(包括韧带、肌肉、肌腱、滑膜囊等)损伤和退变引起的慢性无菌性炎症。[i]拔罐疗法因其操作简便、无副作用、缓解疼痛等优点,在物理医学中越来越受欢迎。本研究考察了拔罐疗法治疗肩痛的疗效。拔罐疗法(CT)是一种传统中医疗法,已有数千年的历史。世界卫生组织(WHO)对拔罐疗法的定义是一种通过产生真空来进行抽吸的治疗方法。在本案例研究中,一名被诊断为肩周炎的患者接受了湿拔罐疗法。拔罐疗法结束后,症状明显缓解。
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引用次数: 0
Formulation and Evaluation of Microspheres for Colon Targeted Drug Delivery Using Anthelminthics Drugs 用于结肠靶向给药的抗寄生虫药物微球的制备与评估
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1283
Tushar Kumar G. Ingle, S. D. Pande, S. Atram, N. Bobade, Vikrant Wankhede
The objective of this study was to develop sustained release microspheres for colon-targeted drug delivery system to enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. The controlled and prolonged release of drugs in the colon can significantly improve the treatment outcomes for various colon-related diseases. Microspheres, small spherical particles with sizes ranging from 1 to 1000 micrometers, were formulated using biodegradable polymers and natural materials to ensure biocompatibility and controlled drug release. The formulation process involved the selection of appropriate polymers, such as poly lactic acid and polyglycolic acid, and the incorporation of the drug within the microspheres. Various techniques, including solvent evaporation, coacervation, and spray drying, were employed to prepare the microspheres with the desired drug-loading efficiency and particle size distribution.The formulated microspheres were extensively evaluated to assess their suitability for sustained release colon-targeted drug delivery. Evaluation parameters included drug encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, surface morphology and in vitro.In vitro drug release studies were conducted using simulated gastrointestinal fluids to mimic the conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. The sustained release microspheres exhibited controlled drug release over an extended period, specifically in the colon region. This sustained release profile was achieved by optimizing the polymer composition and formulation parameters, which allowed for the gradual degradation of the microspheres and subsequent release of the drug.
本研究的目的是开发用于结肠靶向给药系统的缓释微球,以提高疗效,同时最大限度地减少全身副作用。在结肠中控制和延长药物释放可显著改善各种结肠相关疾病的治疗效果。微球是尺寸在 1 到 1000 微米之间的球形小颗粒,采用可生物降解的聚合物和天然材料配制,以确保生物相容性和药物的可控释放。配制过程包括选择合适的聚合物,如聚乳酸和聚乙醇酸,以及在微球中加入药物。对配制好的微球进行了广泛的评估,以评估它们是否适合用于持续释放结肠靶向给药。评估参数包括药物包封效率、粒度分布、表面形态和体外药物释放。体外药物释放研究使用模拟胃肠液进行,以模拟胃肠道内的情况。缓释微球在较长时间内表现出药物释放受控,特别是在结肠区域。这种缓释特性是通过优化聚合物成分和配方参数实现的,从而使微球逐渐降解,药物随之释放。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Co-Crystallization Technique to Improve Solubility of Anti-Diabetic Drug 开发共结晶技术以提高抗糖尿病药物的溶解度
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1282
Ninad S. Burkhande, V. P. Wankhade, S. Atram, N. Bobade, S. D. Pande
Co-crystallization is a useful crystal engineering approach for changing the physiochemical and structural characteristics of drug crystals. Pharmaceutical co-crystals are nonionic supramolecular complexes that can be utilized in pharmaceutical development to change physiochemical qualities including solubility, stability, and bioavailability without changing the chemical makeup of API.  Canagliflozin Hemihydrate is a anti-diabetic drug. Canagliflozin belongs to class IV drug in BCS classification. i.e. low solubility and low permeability. The major problem of this class drug is it slow solubility in biological fluids,which results into poor bioavailability after oral administration. The purpose of this study was to prepare pharmaceutical co-crystals ofCanagliflozin to enhance solubility and dissolution rate by using co-crystallization technique. The co-former used inthis study is Thiourea. The Optimized co-crystal was characterized by FTIR, XRPD, SEM and other pharmaceutical properties like solubility and melting point were alsoevaluated.
共晶体化是一种有用的晶体工程方法,可用于改变药物晶体的理化和结构特征。药物共晶体是一种非离子超分子复合物,可用于药物开发,在不改变原料药化学组成的情况下改变药物的理化性质,包括溶解性、稳定性和生物利用度。 半水合卡格列净(Canagliflozin Hemihydrate)是一种抗糖尿病药物。在 BCS 分类中,Canagliflozin 属于第四类药物,即低溶解度和低渗透性。该类药物的主要问题是在生物液体中溶解缓慢,导致口服后生物利用度较低。本研究的目的是利用共晶体技术制备卡格列净的药用共晶体,以提高其溶解度和溶出率。本研究中使用的共晶体是硫脲。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、XRPD、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对优化后的共晶体进行了表征,并对其溶解度和熔点等其他药物特性进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
A Comprehensive Review on Transdermal Delivery of Nanosponges 纳米海绵透皮给药综述
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1298
Raut Poonam, Jadhav Prakash, Sangar Priyanka, Redasani Vivekkumar, Bhosale Nikita, Joshi Varda
The field of innovative medication delivery has greatly benefited from nanotechnology and miniaturisation, which have also transformed the potential in the current healthcare industry. The design of nano-scale drug carriers using various nanotechnology-based approaches for the delivery of lipophilic drug molecules is the current trend in novel drug delivery-based research. Nanotechnology and miniaturisation, which have also changed the possibilities in the contemporary healthcare business, have tremendously helped the field of inventive medicine distribution. Targeting medication distribution in a regulated manner is made possible in large part by NSs. The use of NSs, its preparation, and assessment have all been covered in this review paper. The healthcare industry is seeing encouraging results from a variety of nanosponges formulations, including parenteral, topical, oral, and inhalation, which offer enormous promise for future development and study.
创新给药领域极大地受益于纳米技术和微型化,这也改变了当前医疗保健行业的潜力。利用各种基于纳米技术的方法设计纳米级药物载体,用于递送亲脂性药物分子,是当前基于新型药物递送的研究趋势。纳米技术和微型化也改变了当代医疗保健行业的可能性,为创新药物配送领域提供了巨大帮助。在很大程度上,NSs 使以规范方式有针对性地分配药物成为可能。本综述文件将介绍 NSs 的使用、制备和评估。医疗保健行业正在从各种纳米海绵制剂中看到令人鼓舞的成果,包括肠外、局部、口服和吸入制剂,这些制剂为未来的开发和研究提供了巨大的前景。
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引用次数: 0
A Review for Gastro - Retentive Drug Delivery System 胃保留给药系统综述
Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.22270/ajprd.v11i4.1291
Rutuja Patole, Bharatee Chaware, Vishal Mohite, V. Redasani
Inadequate pharmacokinetic properties may be connected with the widespread use of oral dose forms in disease treatment. Because of the formulation's rapid transit through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), it can be challenging to achieve therapeutic levels of the medicine in specific situations when it is barely soluble; In addition, some medications must work locally due to a gastric disease, although they only last a short  period in the stomach. Numerous studies have been done to identify formulations that can enhance all of these characteristics while extending stomach residence time. Many orally delivered medications advantageous for from the extended stomach retention time provided by gastroretentive controlled drug delivery systems.With a focus on current methods for extending stomach residence duration, the study's objective was to examine, gather, and present the preceding and contemporary literatures in a shorter format. The current review briefly discusses the need for GRDDS., Pharmaceutical importance’s of GRDDS, Physiology of stomach, Stomach functionalities, Approaches of GRDDS, factors controlling gastric retention, advantages , disadvantages, Method of preparation of Gastro-retentive Multiparticulate system, Polymeric material in gastroretentive formulations, Evaluation of Gastroretentive dosage form,  comparsion between Conventional and Gastroretentive drug delivery system.
药代动力学特性不足可能与广泛使用口服剂型治疗疾病有关。由于制剂在胃肠道(GIT)中的转运速度很快,当药物几乎不溶解时,要在特定情况下达到治疗水平可能具有挑战性;此外,由于胃部疾病,一些药物必须在局部发挥作用,尽管它们在胃中的停留时间很短。为了找出既能增强上述所有特性,又能延长药物在胃中停留时间的配方,人们进行了大量研究。许多口服给药都得益于胃保留给药系统所提供的延长胃保留时间的优势。本研究以当前延长胃保留时间的方法为重点,旨在研究、收集并以较短的篇幅介绍之前和当代的文献。本综述简要论述了胃滞留给药系统的必要性、胃滞留给药系统在制药方面的重要性、胃的生理学、胃的功能、胃滞留给药系统的方法、控制胃滞留的因素、优点、缺点、胃滞留多微粒系统的制备方法、胃滞留制剂中的聚合物材料、胃滞留剂型的评估、传统给药系统与胃滞留给药系统的比较。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development
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