Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4199
Reshmina Firoz Khan, R. Yadav, A. Singh
Aim: To investigate the molluscicidal activity of aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus niruri and Euphorbia tirucalli on fresh water snails Lymnaea (Radix) acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus (as target organisms) and on Channa punctatus fish ( as non target organism),sharing the same habitat. Methodology: The aqueous extracts of the stem bark and leaves of Phyllanthus niruri ( a tropical small herb, commonly known as a Bhumi Amla), belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae and the aqueous extracts of stem bark and latex of Euphorbia tirucalli (a semi-arid tropical plant, commonly called milk bush) of the family Euphorbiaceae, were investigated as plant origin molluscicides, against freshwater snails, responsible for causing fascioliasis, Lymnaea (Radix) acuminate and Indoplanorbis exustus, as well as on Channa punctatus ,using Singh and Agarwal method and POLO computer program. Results: A significant time and dose-dependent effect of aqueous extracts of both the plants against the freshwater snails were observed. Thus increase in exposure time, the LC50 of Phyllanthus niruri stem and leaf extracts were decreased from 267.89 mg DW/L (24h) > to 180.64mg DW/L (96h) against Lymnaea acuminata and 261.49 mg DW/L (24h)> to 136.40 mg DW/L (96h) against Indoplanorbis exustus. Likewise, the LC50 of aqueous extract of latex of Euphorbia tirucalli were decreased from 1.80 mg DW/L (24h) >to 0.65 mg DW/L (96h) against Lymnaea acuminata and 0.90 mg DW/L (24h)> to 0.28 mg DW/L (96h) against Indoplanorbis exustus, with the increase in exposure time. Its aqueous stem bark extract showed a similar pattern. These aqueous plant extracts at higher doses were also observed to be lethal to freshwater fish Channa punctatus, which share a common habitat with the freshwater snails, but the doses LC90, (24h) of snails didn’t cause any mortality to these fishes, thus indicating that these plant extracts can be safely used as molluscicides.
{"title":"Molluscicidal Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Selected Medicinal Plants on Fresh Water Snails and Fish","authors":"Reshmina Firoz Khan, R. Yadav, A. Singh","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4199","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate the molluscicidal activity of aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus niruri and Euphorbia tirucalli on fresh water snails Lymnaea (Radix) acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus (as target organisms) and on Channa punctatus fish ( as non target organism),sharing the same habitat. \u0000Methodology: The aqueous extracts of the stem bark and leaves of Phyllanthus niruri ( a tropical small herb, commonly known as a Bhumi Amla), belonging to the family Phyllanthaceae and the aqueous extracts of stem bark and latex of Euphorbia tirucalli (a semi-arid tropical plant, commonly called milk bush) of the family Euphorbiaceae, were investigated as plant origin molluscicides, against freshwater snails, responsible for causing fascioliasis, Lymnaea (Radix) acuminate and Indoplanorbis exustus, as well as on Channa punctatus ,using Singh and Agarwal method and POLO computer program. \u0000Results: A significant time and dose-dependent effect of aqueous extracts of both the plants against the freshwater snails were observed. Thus increase in exposure time, the LC50 of Phyllanthus niruri stem and leaf extracts were decreased from 267.89 mg DW/L (24h) > to 180.64mg DW/L (96h) against Lymnaea acuminata and 261.49 mg DW/L (24h)> to 136.40 mg DW/L (96h) against Indoplanorbis exustus. Likewise, the LC50 of aqueous extract of latex of Euphorbia tirucalli were decreased from 1.80 mg DW/L (24h) >to 0.65 mg DW/L (96h) against Lymnaea acuminata and 0.90 mg DW/L (24h)> to 0.28 mg DW/L (96h) against Indoplanorbis exustus, with the increase in exposure time. Its aqueous stem bark extract showed a similar pattern. These aqueous plant extracts at higher doses were also observed to be lethal to freshwater fish Channa punctatus, which share a common habitat with the freshwater snails, but the doses LC90, (24h) of snails didn’t cause any mortality to these fishes, thus indicating that these plant extracts can be safely used as molluscicides.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90433807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4198
B. Koirala, Bhagat Suberi, R. Chhetri, Karma Sherub, Laxmi Chhetri, Deepa S. Koirala
Black Cardamom are commonly grown crop in eastern Himalayan countries and in Bhutan, the cultivation of Black Cardamom are specially done in south western districts whereby the people immensely depend on the crop for their livelihood income. Further, the crop significantly contributes in gross domestic product growth as it falls under the top ten highly exported commodity of the country. The high value obtained from Black Cardamom has encouraged farmers to expand the cultivation in different land use types. When the farmers are gaining income, the challenges in management of cultivated Black Cardamom are also increasing. In the recent times, vital change in climate activity have been recorded. The erratic temperature and rainfall are declining the yield of Black Cardamom. The increasing number of pest and diseases outbreak in cultivated land are creating concern and challenge on the farmers depending on Black Cardamom for living. The farmers are in dismay with no proper management skills and techniques taught to them. Relying on traditional methods for improving the productivity has failed to be a good strategy with changing time and climate being erratic. The climate resilient management activity need to be initiated and enormous studies are in need to prevent the future catastrophe on Black Cardamom and the cultivator’s livelihood.
{"title":"Cultivation of Black Cardamom and Climate Economic Management Challenges in Mountainous Regions of Bhutan","authors":"B. Koirala, Bhagat Suberi, R. Chhetri, Karma Sherub, Laxmi Chhetri, Deepa S. Koirala","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4198","url":null,"abstract":"Black Cardamom are commonly grown crop in eastern Himalayan countries and in Bhutan, the cultivation of Black Cardamom are specially done in south western districts whereby the people immensely depend on the crop for their livelihood income. Further, the crop significantly contributes in gross domestic product growth as it falls under the top ten highly exported commodity of the country. The high value obtained from Black Cardamom has encouraged farmers to expand the cultivation in different land use types. When the farmers are gaining income, the challenges in management of cultivated Black Cardamom are also increasing. In the recent times, vital change in climate activity have been recorded. The erratic temperature and rainfall are declining the yield of Black Cardamom. The increasing number of pest and diseases outbreak in cultivated land are creating concern and challenge on the farmers depending on Black Cardamom for living. The farmers are in dismay with no proper management skills and techniques taught to them. Relying on traditional methods for improving the productivity has failed to be a good strategy with changing time and climate being erratic. The climate resilient management activity need to be initiated and enormous studies are in need to prevent the future catastrophe on Black Cardamom and the cultivator’s livelihood.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80970797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4197
T. Samaraweera, T. Samaraweera, S. Senadeera, C. B. Ranaweera
The genus Jeffreycia consists of about 109 species to have medicinal properties. Jeffreycia zeylanica (Family: Asteraceae) is commonly referred to as “Heen-botiya, Papula or Pupula in Sinhala and Kappilay or Kuppilay in Tamil”. It is an endemic herbaceous plant in Sri Lanka. Synonyms of Jeffreycia zeylanica are Cacalia zeylanica Kuntze, Eupatorium zeylanicum L., Gymnanthemum zeylanicum (L.), Vernonia zeylanica (L.). This plant can create secondary metabolites that may have substantial bioactivity. Extracts from leaves, stems and aerial parts are rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, polyphenols, and saponins. These bioactive compounds lead to various pharmacological properties of Jeffreycia zeylanica. It is utilized in both Ayurvedic and folk medicine in a variety of methods to treat various illnesses, such as bone fractures, eczema, asthma, diarrhea, wound, and abscesses also as an anti-venom. Several studies have been carried out on this plant, including the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, antinociceptive activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-tumor activity. The lack of considerable toxicity associated with the plant Jeffreycia zeylanica makes it a choice for future development of therapeutic products, with the combination of traditional and novel technologies. A significant number of presently used antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anthelminthic, and antitumor agents are compounds isolated from plants or their synthetic or semisynthetic derivatives.
{"title":"Rich Diversity & Potential Medicinal Value of Endemic Sri Lankan Plant: Jeffreycia zeylanica","authors":"T. Samaraweera, T. Samaraweera, S. Senadeera, C. B. Ranaweera","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4197","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Jeffreycia consists of about 109 species to have medicinal properties. Jeffreycia zeylanica (Family: Asteraceae) is commonly referred to as “Heen-botiya, Papula or Pupula in Sinhala and Kappilay or Kuppilay in Tamil”. It is an endemic herbaceous plant in Sri Lanka. Synonyms of Jeffreycia zeylanica are Cacalia zeylanica Kuntze, Eupatorium zeylanicum L., Gymnanthemum zeylanicum (L.), Vernonia zeylanica (L.). This plant can create secondary metabolites that may have substantial bioactivity. Extracts from leaves, stems and aerial parts are rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, polyphenols, and saponins. These bioactive compounds lead to various pharmacological properties of Jeffreycia zeylanica. It is utilized in both Ayurvedic and folk medicine in a variety of methods to treat various illnesses, such as bone fractures, eczema, asthma, diarrhea, wound, and abscesses also as an anti-venom. Several studies have been carried out on this plant, including the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity, antinociceptive activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-tumor activity. The lack of considerable toxicity associated with the plant Jeffreycia zeylanica makes it a choice for future development of therapeutic products, with the combination of traditional and novel technologies. A significant number of presently used antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anthelminthic, and antitumor agents are compounds isolated from plants or their synthetic or semisynthetic derivatives.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88222320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4196
M. Ubogu, E. Akponah
Diazotrophic bacteria play critical role in biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), and the application of herbiced significantly affect growth and activities of these bacteria. To investigate this, 1.0 ml of broth stock culture containing 2.9 x 105 cfu/ml and 2.6 x 106 cfu/ml of Azotobacter and Bradyrhizobium, respectively were inoculated into 10.0 ml of their respective growth medium [ TDC broth, and Yeast extract mannitol broth (YEMB)] containing 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % v/v of the respective herbicides, atrazine, glyphosate, paraquat and 2,4-D. Thereafter, plate counts of the diazotrophs for each concentration was made at 24, 48, 72 and 120 h intervals using spread plate method on TDC agar and YEMA after incubation at room temperature (30 ± 2 ℃) for 72 h. The LC50 of the respective herbicides for Azotobacter and Bradyrhizobium was determined at 120 h using Probit analysis. Results showed that all tested concentrations except control, retarded diazotrophic bacterial population growth. Growth reduction increased progressively with increased concentrations of herbicides (P < 0.05). In general, herbicides were found to suppress the growth of diazotrophs by 29.7 – 100 %. The LC50 indicated symbiotic Bradyrhizobium displayed greater sensitivity to tested herbicides than free-living Azotobacter (P < 0.05). Conclusively, herbicides suppressed diazotrophic bacterial growth.
{"title":"Diazotrophic Bacterial Response to Herbicide Toxicity: In vitro Analysis","authors":"M. Ubogu, E. Akponah","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4196","url":null,"abstract":"Diazotrophic bacteria play critical role in biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), and the application of herbiced significantly affect growth and activities of these bacteria. To investigate this, 1.0 ml of broth stock culture containing 2.9 x 105 cfu/ml and 2.6 x 106 cfu/ml of Azotobacter and Bradyrhizobium, respectively were inoculated into 10.0 ml of their respective growth medium [ TDC broth, and Yeast extract mannitol broth (YEMB)] containing 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 % v/v of the respective herbicides, atrazine, glyphosate, paraquat and 2,4-D. Thereafter, plate counts of the diazotrophs for each concentration was made at 24, 48, 72 and 120 h intervals using spread plate method on TDC agar and YEMA after incubation at room temperature (30 ± 2 ℃) for 72 h. The LC50 of the respective herbicides for Azotobacter and Bradyrhizobium was determined at 120 h using Probit analysis. Results showed that all tested concentrations except control, retarded diazotrophic bacterial population growth. Growth reduction increased progressively with increased concentrations of herbicides (P < 0.05). In general, herbicides were found to suppress the growth of diazotrophs by 29.7 – 100 %. The LC50 indicated symbiotic Bradyrhizobium displayed greater sensitivity to tested herbicides than free-living Azotobacter (P < 0.05). Conclusively, herbicides suppressed diazotrophic bacterial growth.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79049570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4195
F. Kiva, G. Tryphone, G. M. Rwegasira
Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous migratory pest reported in Tanzania in 2017. Limited choices of officially registered insecticides for the control of the pest when it first occurred led to many farmers opting for the few available ones including those that were not registered for the pests. The current study drew from a survey conducted in 2018 that listed the insecticides commonly used by farmers against the pest. The study assessed the effectiveness of the insecticides against the different S. frugiperda larval instars under field conditions in the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. Ten commonly used insecticides were applied to S. frugiperda damaged maize crops. Obtained results suggested a varied effectiveness of the tested insecticides with some inflicting significant (p < 0.001) mortality of S. frugiperda larvae while some proved ineffective. Ninja plus 5EC, Profecron 720 EC, Multi alpha plus 150 EC and Duduba 450 EC, caused highest mortality of S. frugiperda in all experimental plots accompanied with reduced incidences and damage severities on maize crops while Thunder 145 OD and Attakan 350 SC were the least effective. Yields obtained from the experiments suggested a significant impact of applied insecticides whereby plots treated with Duduba 450 EC produced the highest yield (4 tons/ha) compared to non-treated plots (2.2 tons/ha). The findings from this study prove that some insecticides were effective against the pest while some were not. As such farmers’ complaints on the ineffectiveness of traded insecticides could be real.
{"title":"Response of Spodoptera frugiperda Larval Instars to Commonly Used Insecticides in Tanzania","authors":"F. Kiva, G. Tryphone, G. M. Rwegasira","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i4195","url":null,"abstract":"Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a polyphagous migratory pest reported in Tanzania in 2017. Limited choices of officially registered insecticides for the control of the pest when it first occurred led to many farmers opting for the few available ones including those that were not registered for the pests. The current study drew from a survey conducted in 2018 that listed the insecticides commonly used by farmers against the pest. The study assessed the effectiveness of the insecticides against the different S. frugiperda larval instars under field conditions in the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. Ten commonly used insecticides were applied to S. frugiperda damaged maize crops. Obtained results suggested a varied effectiveness of the tested insecticides with some inflicting significant (p < 0.001) mortality of S. frugiperda larvae while some proved ineffective. Ninja plus 5EC, Profecron 720 EC, Multi alpha plus 150 EC and Duduba 450 EC, caused highest mortality of S. frugiperda in all experimental plots accompanied with reduced incidences and damage severities on maize crops while Thunder 145 OD and Attakan 350 SC were the least effective. Yields obtained from the experiments suggested a significant impact of applied insecticides whereby plots treated with Duduba 450 EC produced the highest yield (4 tons/ha) compared to non-treated plots (2.2 tons/ha). The findings from this study prove that some insecticides were effective against the pest while some were not. As such farmers’ complaints on the ineffectiveness of traded insecticides could be real.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82020974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3194
S. A. Abdalla, M. A. E. Siddig, A. A. Hussein, E. Ibrahim, Ahmed M. El Naim
Chickpea seeds in Sudan is an economically important, as a cash crop that generates income for farmers and rural communities, and as a significant source of protein for poor people. It is used increasingly as a substitute for animal protein This study was conducted to screen eight chickpea cultivars viz Salawa, Burgeig, Wadhamid, Jebelmarra, Hawatta, Shendi, Atmour, and Mattama using eighteen (18) isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp ciceris (FOC) isolated from infected plants of chickpea displaying the characteristic symptoms of Fusarium wilt disease in winter season from different locations in Sudan. A pot experiment was carried out to assess disease intensity in terms of disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS). After seven weeks from inoculation 19 out of 144 isolated-cultivar combinations do not show disease symptoms. The cultivar Burgeig was found to be immune to all Fusarium wilt isolates in the second and third week after inoculation. After seven weeks from inoculation, the least DI and DS were registered in Burgeig, whereas the highest ones were observed in cultivar Shendi. The remaining cultivars showed different responses to FOC isolates. Regarding disease development, the high jump in incidence and severity occurred between the third and fourth week after inoculation. The FOC isolate S9 seems to be more virulent and aggressive compared to the others.
{"title":"Response of Released Chickpea Cultivars to some Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris Isolates in Sudan","authors":"S. A. Abdalla, M. A. E. Siddig, A. A. Hussein, E. Ibrahim, Ahmed M. El Naim","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3194","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpea seeds in Sudan is an economically important, as a cash crop that generates income for farmers and rural communities, and as a significant source of protein for poor people. It is used increasingly as a substitute for animal protein This study was conducted to screen eight chickpea cultivars viz Salawa, Burgeig, Wadhamid, Jebelmarra, Hawatta, Shendi, Atmour, and Mattama using eighteen (18) isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp ciceris (FOC) isolated from infected plants of chickpea displaying the characteristic symptoms of Fusarium wilt disease in winter season from different locations in Sudan. A pot experiment was carried out to assess disease intensity in terms of disease incidence (DI) and disease severity (DS). After seven weeks from inoculation 19 out of 144 isolated-cultivar combinations do not show disease symptoms. The cultivar Burgeig was found to be immune to all Fusarium wilt isolates in the second and third week after inoculation. After seven weeks from inoculation, the least DI and DS were registered in Burgeig, whereas the highest ones were observed in cultivar Shendi. The remaining cultivars showed different responses to FOC isolates. Regarding disease development, the high jump in incidence and severity occurred between the third and fourth week after inoculation. The FOC isolate S9 seems to be more virulent and aggressive compared to the others.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75111378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3193
S. A. Abdalla, M. A. E. Siddig, A. A. Hussein, E. Ibrahim, Ahmed M. El Naim
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the antagonistic effects of some selected rhizobacteria on Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. ciceris in a pot experiment. Rhizobacterial isolates (one isolate of Pseudomonas, eight isolates of Bacillus genera and one bacterium isolate) and two chickpea cultivars (Shendi and Burgeig) were arranged in a factorial pot experiment in CRD with four replicates. The disease incidence and severity were detected weekly. Disease reduction percentage was estimated at the end of the study. Generally, the application of rhizobacterial isolates as biological control agent reduced disease incidence compared with the control in both cultivars. The incidence in cultivar Shendi occurred at the third week after inoculation when treated with Pseudomonas stutzeri strain W28 (SA3) and Bacillus subtilis strain CM14(SA9). For the two cultivars, Shendi and Burgeig, the Geobacillus sp. CRRI-HN-1(SA2) and Bacillus sp (SA1), respectively had the highest positive effect on disease incidence and severity throughout the experiment compared with the control. These were 45.36 and 44.82% in incidence; 55.36 and 63.89% in severity, respectively.
{"title":"Suppression of Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea by Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas sp. and Rhizobacterial Isolate","authors":"S. A. Abdalla, M. A. E. Siddig, A. A. Hussein, E. Ibrahim, Ahmed M. El Naim","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3193","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to evaluate the antagonistic effects of some selected rhizobacteria on Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. ciceris in a pot experiment. Rhizobacterial isolates (one isolate of Pseudomonas, eight isolates of Bacillus genera and one bacterium isolate) and two chickpea cultivars (Shendi and Burgeig) were arranged in a factorial pot experiment in CRD with four replicates. The disease incidence and severity were detected weekly. Disease reduction percentage was estimated at the end of the study. Generally, the application of rhizobacterial isolates as biological control agent reduced disease incidence compared with the control in both cultivars. The incidence in cultivar Shendi occurred at the third week after inoculation when treated with Pseudomonas stutzeri strain W28 (SA3) and Bacillus subtilis strain CM14(SA9). For the two cultivars, Shendi and Burgeig, the Geobacillus sp. CRRI-HN-1(SA2) and Bacillus sp (SA1), respectively had the highest positive effect on disease incidence and severity throughout the experiment compared with the control. These were 45.36 and 44.82% in incidence; 55.36 and 63.89% in severity, respectively.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76548907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3192
S. Akter, M. M. Rahman, M. Hossain, M. Hossain
Aims: In order to assess the efficacy of several biorational techniques against brinjal mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. Study Design: The study used a single component Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2021 to February 2022. Methodology: The experiment consisted of seven treatments and was laid in a single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments viz. T1= Spinomax (0.4ml/L of water); T2= Neem Oil (5ml/L of water); T3= Biomax (1.2ml/L of water); T4= Ripcord (1ml/L of water); T5= Trichoderma sp. (200mg/L of water); T6= Mehogany Leaf Extract (200mg/L of water); T7= Absolute (Control). Results: Data on different parameters were collected for assessing results for this experiment. In case of experiment with different biorational control tactics, treatments showed varied response for mite pests. Trichoderma sp. (T5) showed best result which was then followed by Neem oil (T2) against mite pests infesting brinjal field. The results showed that in case of total number of fruit set, % healthy fruit was higher with the treatment of Trichoderma sp. Conclusion: In most cases, except control treatment, ripcord showed the worst results against mite pests. So, Trichoderma sp. @200 mg/L of water may be used for the eco-friendly management of brinjal mite.
{"title":"Eco-friendly Management of Brinjal Mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) by Some Biorational Approaches","authors":"S. Akter, M. M. Rahman, M. Hossain, M. Hossain","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3192","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: In order to assess the efficacy of several biorational techniques against brinjal mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. \u0000Study Design: The study used a single component Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2021 to February 2022. \u0000Methodology: The experiment consisted of seven treatments and was laid in a single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments viz. T1= Spinomax (0.4ml/L of water); T2= Neem Oil (5ml/L of water); T3= Biomax (1.2ml/L of water); T4= Ripcord (1ml/L of water); T5= Trichoderma sp. (200mg/L of water); T6= Mehogany Leaf Extract (200mg/L of water); T7= Absolute (Control). \u0000Results: Data on different parameters were collected for assessing results for this experiment. In case of experiment with different biorational control tactics, treatments showed varied response for mite pests. Trichoderma sp. (T5) showed best result which was then followed by Neem oil (T2) against mite pests infesting brinjal field. The results showed that in case of total number of fruit set, % healthy fruit was higher with the treatment of Trichoderma sp. \u0000Conclusion: In most cases, except control treatment, ripcord showed the worst results against mite pests. So, Trichoderma sp. @200 mg/L of water may be used for the eco-friendly management of brinjal mite.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91305598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3191
Farjana Rauf, Md. Ahsan Ullah, M. Kabir, Md Ashik Mia, M. Rhaman
Soil salinity is the major limiting factor restricting plant growth and development. Little is known about the comparative and combined effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) seed priming and foliar application on maize under salt stress. The current study determined the impact of different concentrations of GA3 on morpho-physiological and photosynthetic attributes of maize seedlings under salinity stress treatments (no salinity and severe salinity-15 dSm-1). The GA3 treatments consisted of 1mM, 2mM, 3mM, 4mM and 5mM GA3 seed priming and exogenous application in salt condition. Salt stress particularly at 15 dSm-1 reduced the length of shoots and roots, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll, lycopene, beta-carotine and carotenoid contents in maize plants. Nevertheless, the application of GA3 improved maize growth under salt stress. Compared with salt, the 2mM GA3 treatment (T4) recorded the highest increase in roots and shoots length, roots fresh and dry weights, shoots fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content under salt stress compared to other concentrations. These results indicated that 2mM GA3 priming and exogenous application could be used as an effective tool for improving the maize growth and development in salt contaminated soils.
{"title":"Gibberellic Acid Enhances the Germination and Growth of Maize under Salinity Stress","authors":"Farjana Rauf, Md. Ahsan Ullah, M. Kabir, Md Ashik Mia, M. Rhaman","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3191","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity is the major limiting factor restricting plant growth and development. Little is known about the comparative and combined effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) seed priming and foliar application on maize under salt stress. The current study determined the impact of different concentrations of GA3 on morpho-physiological and photosynthetic attributes of maize seedlings under salinity stress treatments (no salinity and severe salinity-15 dSm-1). The GA3 treatments consisted of 1mM, 2mM, 3mM, 4mM and 5mM GA3 seed priming and exogenous application in salt condition. Salt stress particularly at 15 dSm-1 reduced the length of shoots and roots, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll, lycopene, beta-carotine and carotenoid contents in maize plants. Nevertheless, the application of GA3 improved maize growth under salt stress. Compared with salt, the 2mM GA3 treatment (T4) recorded the highest increase in roots and shoots length, roots fresh and dry weights, shoots fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content under salt stress compared to other concentrations. These results indicated that 2mM GA3 priming and exogenous application could be used as an effective tool for improving the maize growth and development in salt contaminated soils.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73264003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3190
S. Kumar N., Sweta Mishra, Sanjeet Kumar
Bonai Forest Division, Odisha is known as rich biodiversity and home of less populated plant species. During the floral exploration works in the year 2022, authors found an interesting plant, Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr., growing near streams in Khajurdihi Reserve Forest, Koira Ranga and Phuljhar, Barsuan Range. Literature survey revealed that, it has limited distribution in Odisha state and growing in unique habitat as a high-altitude plant. Therefore, an attempt has been made to document its habitat, associated plants and key characters. The present study provides a base line data to identify the collected species and also will be helpful to make long term conservation plan.
{"title":"A Note on Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr., Collected from Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India","authors":"S. Kumar N., Sweta Mishra, Sanjeet Kumar","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v10i3190","url":null,"abstract":"Bonai Forest Division, Odisha is known as rich biodiversity and home of less populated plant species. During the floral exploration works in the year 2022, authors found an interesting plant, Disporum cantoniense (Lour.) Merr., growing near streams in Khajurdihi Reserve Forest, Koira Ranga and Phuljhar, Barsuan Range. Literature survey revealed that, it has limited distribution in Odisha state and growing in unique habitat as a high-altitude plant. Therefore, an attempt has been made to document its habitat, associated plants and key characters. The present study provides a base line data to identify the collected species and also will be helpful to make long term conservation plan.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77822006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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