Pub Date : 2022-05-09DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230202
M. M. Rahman, S. Akter, M. Hossain, M. Hossain
Aims: The aim of the study was to test the effectiveness of several biorational techniques against two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. in bitter gourd. Study Design: The study used a single component Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University's central farm in Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2021 to July 2021. Methodology: The study included seven treatments. T1= Spinomax (0.4ml/L water); T2= Neem Oil (5ml/L water); T3= Biomax (1.2ml/L water); T4= Ripcord (1ml/L water); T5= Trichoderma spp (200mg/L water); T6= Mehogany Leaf Extract (200mg/L water); T7= Absolute (Control). All the treatments were applied at 15 days interval. Results: Treatments for mite infestations showed varying responses in experiments with various biorational control techniques. Trichoderma spp. had the highest results, followed by neem oil, which was effective against mite pests infesting bitter gourd. The results showed that when Trichoderma spp. was used to treat leaf infestation, the total number of fruit set, % healthy fruit, and % infested fruit were all greater. Ripcord had the lowest outcomes against mite pests in most circumstances, with the exception of control treatment. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Trichoderma spp. @200mg/L of water can be used to treat two spotted spider mites in an environmentally acceptable manner.
{"title":"Efficacy of Some Biorational Approaches against Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)","authors":"M. M. Rahman, S. Akter, M. Hossain, M. Hossain","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230202","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of the study was to test the effectiveness of several biorational techniques against two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. in bitter gourd. \u0000Study Design: The study used a single component Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University's central farm in Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2021 to July 2021. \u0000Methodology: The study included seven treatments. T1= Spinomax (0.4ml/L water); T2= Neem Oil (5ml/L water); T3= Biomax (1.2ml/L water); T4= Ripcord (1ml/L water); T5= Trichoderma spp (200mg/L water); T6= Mehogany Leaf Extract (200mg/L water); T7= Absolute (Control). All the treatments were applied at 15 days interval. \u0000Results: Treatments for mite infestations showed varying responses in experiments with various biorational control techniques. Trichoderma spp. had the highest results, followed by neem oil, which was effective against mite pests infesting bitter gourd. The results showed that when Trichoderma spp. was used to treat leaf infestation, the total number of fruit set, % healthy fruit, and % infested fruit were all greater. Ripcord had the lowest outcomes against mite pests in most circumstances, with the exception of control treatment. \u0000Conclusion: It can be concluded that Trichoderma spp. @200mg/L of water can be used to treat two spotted spider mites in an environmentally acceptable manner.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83482264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230201
Mai Hải Châu, Nguyen The Nhuan
Currently, a variety of techniques for producing potato minituber have been investigated, including soilless aeroponic, hydroponic and deep-water culture systems. However, minitubers potato production in the greenhouse from apical rooted cutting grown coco-peat under a photoperiod and nutritional - shock system is a new and creative idea. Therefore, the objective of the study was to optimize the effect of photoperiod and nutritional-shock on growth performance and yield of first generation potato tuber production of potato plants. Potato variety ‘Atlantic’ was treated under 5 photoperiod – (8 h/day, 9 h/day, 10 h/day, 11 h/day and natural light) under nutritional-shock process with reducing N concentration in nutrient solution (0;25%; 50%;75% and 100%), the growth stage of plant to conduct nutritional-shock (30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 DAT), the implementation time of nutritional-shock (12, 24, 48 and 60 hours) and the combination of photoperiod (9 h/day, 10 h/day) and nutritional-shock (75%, 100%) on the formation and development of minitubers. The study revealed that photoperiod at 10h/day showed the best result with 7.4 tubers/ plant and 569.7 tubers m-2. The number of tuber stolons, average number of tubers and tuber yield was directly proportional to the decreasing in N concentration in the nutrient solution, in which the highest was the 100% reduction in N concentration with 9.3 tubers/plant, higher than the control treatment 300%. The nutrient shock treatment at 30 DAT in 48 ours gave the best tuber production efficiency. There was a strong interaction between photoperiod and nutritional-shock on the formation and yield of potatoes (10.6 tubers/plant, 308 tubers m-2).
{"title":"Effect of Photoperiod and Nutritional-Shock on Increasing the Number of Minitubers from Apical Rooted Cuttings Grown in Coco-Peat","authors":"Mai Hải Châu, Nguyen The Nhuan","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230201","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, a variety of techniques for producing potato minituber have been investigated, including soilless aeroponic, hydroponic and deep-water culture systems. However, minitubers potato production in the greenhouse from apical rooted cutting grown coco-peat under a photoperiod and nutritional - shock system is a new and creative idea. Therefore, the objective of the study was to optimize the effect of photoperiod and nutritional-shock on growth performance and yield of first generation potato tuber production of potato plants. Potato variety ‘Atlantic’ was treated under 5 photoperiod – (8 h/day, 9 h/day, 10 h/day, 11 h/day and natural light) under nutritional-shock process with reducing N concentration in nutrient solution (0;25%; 50%;75% and 100%), the growth stage of plant to conduct nutritional-shock (30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 DAT), the implementation time of nutritional-shock (12, 24, 48 and 60 hours) and the combination of photoperiod (9 h/day, 10 h/day) and nutritional-shock (75%, 100%) on the formation and development of minitubers. The study revealed that photoperiod at 10h/day showed the best result with 7.4 tubers/ plant and 569.7 tubers m-2. The number of tuber stolons, average number of tubers and tuber yield was directly proportional to the decreasing in N concentration in the nutrient solution, in which the highest was the 100% reduction in N concentration with 9.3 tubers/plant, higher than the control treatment 300%. The nutrient shock treatment at 30 DAT in 48 ours gave the best tuber production efficiency. There was a strong interaction between photoperiod and nutritional-shock on the formation and yield of potatoes (10.6 tubers/plant, 308 tubers m-2).","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90163565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-10DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230200
Sai Shiva Krishna Prasad Vurukonda, Sandhya Vardharajula, Ali Shaik Zulfikar
The significance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in plant adaptation to harsh conditions is still unknown. Native bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils and tested for growth-promoting qualities as well as antagonistic capabilities against phytopathogenic fungi in this investigation. All the Pseudomonas spp. strains were characterized for in vitro drought tolerance in trypticase soy broth supplemented with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Out of nine isolates, only one strain was able to tolerate maximum level of stress (−1.03 MPa) and is further screened for plant growth promoting (PGP) properties under non-stress and drought stress conditions. Strain FCBB-2 isolated from cluster bean plant rhizosphere soil, showed multiple PGP activities such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and antifungal activity under non-stress and drought stress conditions against various plant fungal pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Alternaria alternata, Sclerotium hydrophilium, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani. The strain FCBB-2 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on morphological and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the sequence was submitted to NCBI GenBank under the accession number KT311003.
{"title":"In vitro Assessment of Pseudomonas sp. Strain FCBB-2 for Effective Plant Growth Promotion and Antifungal Activity under Drought Stress","authors":"Sai Shiva Krishna Prasad Vurukonda, Sandhya Vardharajula, Ali Shaik Zulfikar","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230200","url":null,"abstract":"The significance of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in plant adaptation to harsh conditions is still unknown. Native bacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils and tested for growth-promoting qualities as well as antagonistic capabilities against phytopathogenic fungi in this investigation. All the Pseudomonas spp. strains were characterized for in vitro drought tolerance in trypticase soy broth supplemented with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Out of nine isolates, only one strain was able to tolerate maximum level of stress (−1.03 MPa) and is further screened for plant growth promoting (PGP) properties under non-stress and drought stress conditions. Strain FCBB-2 isolated from cluster bean plant rhizosphere soil, showed multiple PGP activities such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and antifungal activity under non-stress and drought stress conditions against various plant fungal pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Alternaria alternata, Sclerotium hydrophilium, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani. The strain FCBB-2 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on morphological and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the sequence was submitted to NCBI GenBank under the accession number KT311003.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74413352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research was carried out in the Kalighat union of Sreemangal Upazilla, Moulvibazar district, Bangladesh with the objective of discovering the diversity of homestead plants. Five villages were selected randomly from the Kalighat union named Kalighat tea garden, Baraura Tea Garden, 8 No. Line, 8 No Kalighat and 9 No. Basti. To determine the plant diversity, 105 households were surveyed. In comparison to the other villages, the 8 No. Line had more plant diversity, in this study. In the study region, 73 valuable plant species were identified, including fruits, woods, fuel wood, aesthetics, and medicinal. The highest Shannon Wiener Index value was found as 2.95 in 8 No. Line and the lowest Shannon Wiener Index value was 2.21 in Kalighat Tea Garden. On the other hand, Baraura Tea Garden had the highest Index of Dominance (0.47), while 8 No. Kalighat and 8 No. Line had the lowest Index of Dominance (0.09). The Evenness Index was found in the plot of Kalighat tea garden (0.76), Baraura tea garden (0.7) and 8 No. Line (0.77) were more evenly distributed except 8 No. Kalighat (0.84) and 9 No. Basti (0.64) indicated irregular even distribution. Plant species diversity among different villages of Sreemangal Upazilla was found statistically significant (p-value =0.0001173<0.05). The most important value index and top-ranked planted species were Bamboo (Bambusa sp.) (42.20) followed by Mango (Mangifera indica) (37.79), Kathal (Artocarpus heterophyllus) (15.19) and Supari (Areca catechu) (35.88) respectively. Agro-crop diversity was also found to be predominant in different unions of Sreemangal Upazilla. A total of 24 agro-crop species were found in the study area. Rice crop was found the most important crop in the study area. Rice production in each family is 1200 kilograms per year, whereas consumption is 500.5 kilograms per year. Farmers can be authorized more specific species for more production and sustainable homestead forest management in the study area based on findings from the analysis of soil conditions and properties. The present study revealed that homestead plant diversity and homestead crops are the prime resources for the socio-economic development of rural people.
{"title":"Diversity of Homestead Plants in Sreemangal Upazilla, Bangladesh","authors":"Sabiha Akter Seema, Joyanta Banik, Rajassree Nandi","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i230199","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out in the Kalighat union of Sreemangal Upazilla, Moulvibazar district, Bangladesh with the objective of discovering the diversity of homestead plants. Five villages were selected randomly from the Kalighat union named Kalighat tea garden, Baraura Tea Garden, 8 No. Line, 8 No Kalighat and 9 No. Basti. To determine the plant diversity, 105 households were surveyed. In comparison to the other villages, the 8 No. Line had more plant diversity, in this study. In the study region, 73 valuable plant species were identified, including fruits, woods, fuel wood, aesthetics, and medicinal. The highest Shannon Wiener Index value was found as 2.95 in 8 No. Line and the lowest Shannon Wiener Index value was 2.21 in Kalighat Tea Garden. On the other hand, Baraura Tea Garden had the highest Index of Dominance (0.47), while 8 No. Kalighat and 8 No. Line had the lowest Index of Dominance (0.09). The Evenness Index was found in the plot of Kalighat tea garden (0.76), Baraura tea garden (0.7) and 8 No. Line (0.77) were more evenly distributed except 8 No. Kalighat (0.84) and 9 No. Basti (0.64) indicated irregular even distribution. Plant species diversity among different villages of Sreemangal Upazilla was found statistically significant (p-value =0.0001173<0.05). The most important value index and top-ranked planted species were Bamboo (Bambusa sp.) (42.20) followed by Mango (Mangifera indica) (37.79), Kathal (Artocarpus heterophyllus) (15.19) and Supari (Areca catechu) (35.88) respectively. Agro-crop diversity was also found to be predominant in different unions of Sreemangal Upazilla. A total of 24 agro-crop species were found in the study area. Rice crop was found the most important crop in the study area. Rice production in each family is 1200 kilograms per year, whereas consumption is 500.5 kilograms per year. Farmers can be authorized more specific species for more production and sustainable homestead forest management in the study area based on findings from the analysis of soil conditions and properties. The present study revealed that homestead plant diversity and homestead crops are the prime resources for the socio-economic development of rural people.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83516915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-30DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130198
M. Sumi, T. Mostarin, K. Khatun, M. Samad, S. Akter, A. Khanom, Md. Rafiul Alam Khan, Md. Touhidujjaman
An experiment was conducted during the period of April to July 2019 at Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh to evaluate the yield performance of cucumber influenced by seedling age and training. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatment as three different age of seedling i.e. S1=15 days old seedling, S2=20 days old seedling, S3=25 days old seedling; and four levels of training i.e. T0=Control, T1=Removal of all branches up to 40 cm height, T2=Removal of all branches up to 80 cm height and T3=Removal of all branches up to 120 cm height which in combination made 12 treatment combination. ‘Baromashi’ (local variety) was used in this experiment. Different seedling age and levels of training showed significant variations on most of the parameters. In case of seedling age, the maximum average fruits per plant (17.18), individual fruit weight (174.33 gm) and fruit yield (41.63 ton/ha) was recorded from S3 treatment, whereas the lowest was recorded from S1 treatment. On the other hand, the maximum average fruits per plant (15.93), individual fruit weight (160.87 gm) and fruit yield (35.97 ton/ha) was recorded from T1 treatment, while the lowest was recorded from T0 (control) treatment. In case of combined effect S3T1 produced the maximum average fruits per plant (19.45), weight of individual fruit (177.91 gm) and the highest yield (47.73 t/ha) while the lowest were (10.47, 132.40gm and 19.16 ton/ha) recorded from S1T0treatment combination respectively. The highest net income (730827 tk/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.58) was noted from S3T1 treatment. It may therefore be concluded that the 25 days old seedling and removal of all branches up to 40 cm height showed more economical than rest of the combinations in cultivation of cucumber.
2019年4月至7月，在孟加拉国达卡Sher-e-Bangla农业大学园艺农场进行了一项试验，以评估苗龄和培训对黄瓜产量性能的影响。实验采用随机完全区组设计，3个重复。作为3个不同年龄的幼苗处理，即S1=15天龄的幼苗，S2=20天龄的幼苗，S3=25天龄的幼苗;以及四个级别的训练，即T0=控制，T1=去除所有高度不超过40厘米的树枝，T2=去除所有高度不超过80厘米的树枝，T3=去除所有高度不超过120厘米的树枝，这些组合构成12个处理组合。实验中使用的是“Baromashi”(当地品种)。不同苗龄和不同训练水平对大部分参数有显著影响。苗龄方面，S3处理单株平均果数最高(17.18个)，单株果重最高(174.33 gm)，单株果产量最高(41.63 t / hm2)， S1处理最低。单株平均果数(15.93)、单株果重(160.87 gm)和单株产量(35.97 t / hm2)均以T1处理最高，而对照T0处理最低。在组合效应下，S3T1处理单株平均果数最高(19.45个)，单株果重最高(177.91 gm)，产量最高(47.73 t/ha)，最低(10.47,132.40gm和19.16 t/ha)。S3T1处理的净收入最高(730827塔卡/公顷)，效益成本比最高(2.58)。由此可见，在黄瓜栽培中，25日龄育苗和拔除40 cm以下分枝比其他组合更经济。
{"title":"Influence of Seedling Age and Training on Yield Performance of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)","authors":"M. Sumi, T. Mostarin, K. Khatun, M. Samad, S. Akter, A. Khanom, Md. Rafiul Alam Khan, Md. Touhidujjaman","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130198","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted during the period of April to July 2019 at Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh to evaluate the yield performance of cucumber influenced by seedling age and training. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatment as three different age of seedling i.e. S1=15 days old seedling, S2=20 days old seedling, S3=25 days old seedling; and four levels of training i.e. T0=Control, T1=Removal of all branches up to 40 cm height, T2=Removal of all branches up to 80 cm height and T3=Removal of all branches up to 120 cm height which in combination made 12 treatment combination. ‘Baromashi’ (local variety) was used in this experiment. Different seedling age and levels of training showed significant variations on most of the parameters. In case of seedling age, the maximum average fruits per plant (17.18), individual fruit weight (174.33 gm) and fruit yield (41.63 ton/ha) was recorded from S3 treatment, whereas the lowest was recorded from S1 treatment. On the other hand, the maximum average fruits per plant (15.93), individual fruit weight (160.87 gm) and fruit yield (35.97 ton/ha) was recorded from T1 treatment, while the lowest was recorded from T0 (control) treatment. In case of combined effect S3T1 produced the maximum average fruits per plant (19.45), weight of individual fruit (177.91 gm) and the highest yield (47.73 t/ha) while the lowest were (10.47, 132.40gm and 19.16 ton/ha) recorded from S1T0treatment combination respectively. The highest net income (730827 tk/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.58) was noted from S3T1 treatment. It may therefore be concluded that the 25 days old seedling and removal of all branches up to 40 cm height showed more economical than rest of the combinations in cultivation of cucumber.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89181792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130196
Habtamu Demelash
The study of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can bridge the gap between traditional breeding procedures and more efficient genetic improvements. The study of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can bridge the gap between traditional breeding procedures and more efficient genetic improvements. In this report, we assess progress in mapping quantitative trait loci and genes associated with drought resistance in sorghum. Drought avoidance is linked to a number of morphological and physiological adaptations, including limiting water loss and increasing water absorption. The effects of physiological parameters will be investigated in order to find certain selection criteria that could be relevant in the development of drought-tolerant genotypes. Drought avoidance is linked to a number of morphological and physiological adaptation traits, including In grain sorghum, quantitative trait loci affecting green retention are an important feature for post blooming drought tolerance that have been investigated in various situations and with various genetic backgrounds. The two QTLs remain green (Stg2 and Stg4) of B35 x Tx7000 RILs were entirely matched in both populations, according to QTL analysis performed in the two mapping populations of recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Investigation done on different 44 sorghum lines confirmed that four QTL root nodal root angle discovered in the mapping population. Significant marker–trait association’s delignated within the quantitative chromosome (CI) for root angle (qRA2_5, qRA1_8 and qRA1_10) or closely allied to root angle (qRA1_5). Post-flowering drought response is expressed in sorghum when moisture stress occurs during grain development (GS-3). Three QTLs were detected for flowering time on chromosomes 2, 6, and 9, with log odds values (LOD) ranging from 2.5 to 3.3 and explained phenotypic variance (PVE) values calculated from 6 to 11%.
{"title":"Depiction of Genomic Regions and Genes Related with Drought Tolerance in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]","authors":"Habtamu Demelash","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130196","url":null,"abstract":"The study of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can bridge the gap between traditional breeding procedures and more efficient genetic improvements. The study of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can bridge the gap between traditional breeding procedures and more efficient genetic improvements. In this report, we assess progress in mapping quantitative trait loci and genes associated with drought resistance in sorghum. Drought avoidance is linked to a number of morphological and physiological adaptations, including limiting water loss and increasing water absorption. The effects of physiological parameters will be investigated in order to find certain selection criteria that could be relevant in the development of drought-tolerant genotypes. Drought avoidance is linked to a number of morphological and physiological adaptation traits, including In grain sorghum, quantitative trait loci affecting green retention are an important feature for post blooming drought tolerance that have been investigated in various situations and with various genetic backgrounds. The two QTLs remain green (Stg2 and Stg4) of B35 x Tx7000 RILs were entirely matched in both populations, according to QTL analysis performed in the two mapping populations of recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Investigation done on different 44 sorghum lines confirmed that four QTL root nodal root angle discovered in the mapping population. Significant marker–trait association’s delignated within the quantitative chromosome (CI) for root angle (qRA2_5, qRA1_8 and qRA1_10) or closely allied to root angle (qRA1_5). Post-flowering drought response is expressed in sorghum when moisture stress occurs during grain development (GS-3). Three QTLs were detected for flowering time on chromosomes 2, 6, and 9, with log odds values (LOD) ranging from 2.5 to 3.3 and explained phenotypic variance (PVE) values calculated from 6 to 11%.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75165673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-28DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130197
Rao Saad Rehman, Syed Ali Zafar, Mujahid Ali, A. Pasha, Muhammad Naveed, M. Waseem, M. Ahmad, Asad Raza
CRISPR–Cas genome editing technology developed from prokaryotes has transformed the molecular biology of plants past all assumptions. CRISPR–Cas, which is distinguished by its resilience, relatively high specificity, and easy implementation, enables specific genetic modification of crops, allowing for the creation of germplasms with favorable characters and the development of innovative, highly efficient agricultural systems. Moreover, many new biotechnologies in the framework of CRISPR–Cas platforms have bolstered basic research as well as synthetic biology toolkit of plants. In this article, initially, we provide a brief overview of CRISPR–Cas gene editing, emphasis on the modern, most specific gene-editing techniques, such as prime and base editing. Following that, the major role of CRISPR–Cas in plants in enhancing pesticide and disease resistance, quality, yield, breeding, and faster domestication are next discussed. In this review, we discuss the current advancements in plant biotechnology linked to CRISPR–Cas, such as CRISPR–Cas gene control, reagent conveyance, multiplexed gene editing, directed evolution, and mutagenesis. In the end, we talk about how this innovative technology may be used in the future.
{"title":"CRISPR-Cas Mediated Genome Editing: A Paradigm Shift towards Sustainable Agriculture and Biotechnology","authors":"Rao Saad Rehman, Syed Ali Zafar, Mujahid Ali, A. Pasha, Muhammad Naveed, M. Waseem, M. Ahmad, Asad Raza","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130197","url":null,"abstract":"CRISPR–Cas genome editing technology developed from prokaryotes has transformed the molecular biology of plants past all assumptions. CRISPR–Cas, which is distinguished by its resilience, relatively high specificity, and easy implementation, enables specific genetic modification of crops, allowing for the creation of germplasms with favorable characters and the development of innovative, highly efficient agricultural systems. Moreover, many new biotechnologies in the framework of CRISPR–Cas platforms have bolstered basic research as well as synthetic biology toolkit of plants. In this article, initially, we provide a brief overview of CRISPR–Cas gene editing, emphasis on the modern, most specific gene-editing techniques, such as prime and base editing. Following that, the major role of CRISPR–Cas in plants in enhancing pesticide and disease resistance, quality, yield, breeding, and faster domestication are next discussed. In this review, we discuss the current advancements in plant biotechnology linked to CRISPR–Cas, such as CRISPR–Cas gene control, reagent conveyance, multiplexed gene editing, directed evolution, and mutagenesis. In the end, we talk about how this innovative technology may be used in the future.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80181020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-27DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130194
S. Kumar N., Sinu Aradhana, Sugimani Marndi, Sanjeet Kumar
Mining activities create lot of ecological imbalance, including destruction of wildlife habitat. It also gives a negative impact on perennial stream. In near future, we have to restore them using ecological keys. Bio – indicator of perennial stream is very important for restoration and act like ecological keys. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to enumerate the plant species growing in and around perennial stream of Koira range, Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India. Koira range comes under mining impacted areas. Results revealed that about 21 plant species are commonly available in 10 streams of Koira range. Enumerated species could be the indicators of perennial streams which would be fruitful for future restoration strategies.
{"title":"Indicator Plants of Perennial Streams: Ecological Approach for the Wildlife Management in Mining Areas","authors":"S. Kumar N., Sinu Aradhana, Sugimani Marndi, Sanjeet Kumar","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130194","url":null,"abstract":"Mining activities create lot of ecological imbalance, including destruction of wildlife habitat. It also gives a negative impact on perennial stream. In near future, we have to restore them using ecological keys. Bio – indicator of perennial stream is very important for restoration and act like ecological keys. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to enumerate the plant species growing in and around perennial stream of Koira range, Bonai Forest Division, Odisha, India. Koira range comes under mining impacted areas. Results revealed that about 21 plant species are commonly available in 10 streams of Koira range. Enumerated species could be the indicators of perennial streams which would be fruitful for future restoration strategies.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77787115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-27DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130195
Romanus A. Umoh, I. Johnny, Anwanabasi E.Udoh, N. Andy, A. –, .. Essien, Inyang J. Udoh, Trust E. Ekpo, Gabriel U. Ashibeshi
Mussaenda philippica Linn. (Rubiaceae) a very important medicinal plant in the treatment of appendicitis and hepatitis as the locals use the species with the white flower. The objective of the study determines various taxonomic and pharmacognostic standards helpful to ensure the identity, purity, safety and efficacy of the medicinal plant, M. phillipica. The leaves were collected, identified, air dried and pulverized. Standard procedures were carried out to obtain microscopic features of the fresh and powdered samples, micromeritic, chemomicroscopy, flourescence properties, soluble extractive values, moisture contents and ash values. The results of the microscopy study of the fresh leaf revealed hypostomatic distribution of stomata with paracytic stomata on the abaxial surface of the leaf only, stomatal number of 56.8, stomatal index of 25.06%, and epidermal number of 169.8, while the adaxial surface had an epidermal number of 241.9. The plant sample of the leaf also possessed unicellular trichomes. Micromeritic properties of the powdered leaf samples showed bulk volume of 35.33±0.33, tapped volume of 28.00±0.00, bulk density of 0.28±0.00, tapped density of 0.35±0.00, angle of repose of 35.4°, Carr’s Index of 20.90±0.74, Hausner’s ratio of 1.26±0.01. Chemomicroscopy study on the leaf powder revealed the presence of lignin, starch, cellulose, calcium oxalate crystals, oil, mucilage and protein. The moisture content was 11 %w/w. Results for the total ash, acid-insoluble ash and water-soluble ash values were 9 %w/w, 1%w/w and 5 %w/w respectively. Results for the ethanol-soluble, methanol-soluble and water-soluble extractive values were 18%w/w, 17 %w/w and 25 %w/w respectively. The above results could be used to establish pharmacopoeial standard of fresh and powdered drug of M. philippica.
{"title":"Taxonomic and Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Leaf of Mussaenda philippica. (Rubiaceae)","authors":"Romanus A. Umoh, I. Johnny, Anwanabasi E.Udoh, N. Andy, A. –, .. Essien, Inyang J. Udoh, Trust E. Ekpo, Gabriel U. Ashibeshi","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2022/v9i130195","url":null,"abstract":"Mussaenda philippica Linn. (Rubiaceae) a very important medicinal plant in the treatment of appendicitis and hepatitis as the locals use the species with the white flower. The objective of the study determines various taxonomic and pharmacognostic standards helpful to ensure the identity, purity, safety and efficacy of the medicinal plant, M. phillipica. The leaves were collected, identified, air dried and pulverized. Standard procedures were carried out to obtain microscopic features of the fresh and powdered samples, micromeritic, chemomicroscopy, flourescence properties, soluble extractive values, moisture contents and ash values. The results of the microscopy study of the fresh leaf revealed hypostomatic distribution of stomata with paracytic stomata on the abaxial surface of the leaf only, stomatal number of 56.8, stomatal index of 25.06%, and epidermal number of 169.8, while the adaxial surface had an epidermal number of 241.9. The plant sample of the leaf also possessed unicellular trichomes. Micromeritic properties of the powdered leaf samples showed bulk volume of 35.33±0.33, tapped volume of 28.00±0.00, bulk density of 0.28±0.00, tapped density of 0.35±0.00, angle of repose of 35.4°, Carr’s Index of 20.90±0.74, Hausner’s ratio of 1.26±0.01. Chemomicroscopy study on the leaf powder revealed the presence of lignin, starch, cellulose, calcium oxalate crystals, oil, mucilage and protein. The moisture content was 11 %w/w. Results for the total ash, acid-insoluble ash and water-soluble ash values were 9 %w/w, 1%w/w and 5 %w/w respectively. Results for the ethanol-soluble, methanol-soluble and water-soluble extractive values were 18%w/w, 17 %w/w and 25 %w/w respectively. The above results could be used to establish pharmacopoeial standard of fresh and powdered drug of M. philippica.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85689847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-29DOI: 10.9734/aprj/2021/v8i430192
S. Senadeera, K. Fernando, W. L. L. N. Wickramasekara, M. Fernando, C. Ranaweera, W. Rajapaksha, A. R. Silva
Aims: To investigate in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. leaves and stem bark using heat-induced protein denaturation test (egg albumin denaturation). Methodology: About 500 g of each matured, fully expanded leaves and stem bark of Artocarpus nobilis were collected, washed and air-dried. Leaves and stem bark parts were grounded to obtain a fine powder material. The extractions were obtained using the decoction extraction method. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the heat-induced egg albumin denaturation method. Diclofenac sodium was used as the positive control. Results: Results showed that Diclofenac sodium exhibited an IC50 value of 243.4 µg/mL and methanolic stem bark extract had an IC50 Value of 249.8 µg/mL) for heat-induced egg albumin protein denaturation test. R² and P values for aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts indicated that there was a strong, statistically significant correlation (P<0.01) between concentration and percentage inhibition for all extracts of A. nobilis Thw. However, methanol stem bark extract demonstrated the highest efficacy and potency with similar activity observed for the positive control Diclofenac sodium. Conclusion: Methanol stem bark extract of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. have marked in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanism and the active constituents responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant parts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw.
{"title":"In vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Endemic Artocarpus nobilis Thw Found in Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Senadeera, K. Fernando, W. L. L. N. Wickramasekara, M. Fernando, C. Ranaweera, W. Rajapaksha, A. R. Silva","doi":"10.9734/aprj/2021/v8i430192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/aprj/2021/v8i430192","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To investigate in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. leaves and stem bark using heat-induced protein denaturation test (egg albumin denaturation). \u0000Methodology: About 500 g of each matured, fully expanded leaves and stem bark of Artocarpus nobilis were collected, washed and air-dried. Leaves and stem bark parts were grounded to obtain a fine powder material. The extractions were obtained using the decoction extraction method. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the heat-induced egg albumin denaturation method. Diclofenac sodium was used as the positive control. \u0000Results: Results showed that Diclofenac sodium exhibited an IC50 value of 243.4 µg/mL and methanolic stem bark extract had an IC50 Value of 249.8 µg/mL) for heat-induced egg albumin protein denaturation test. R² and P values for aqueous, methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts indicated that there was a strong, statistically significant correlation (P<0.01) between concentration and percentage inhibition for all extracts of A. nobilis Thw. However, methanol stem bark extract demonstrated the highest efficacy and potency with similar activity observed for the positive control Diclofenac sodium. \u0000Conclusion: Methanol stem bark extract of Artocarpus nobilis Thw. have marked in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanism and the active constituents responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant parts of Artocarpus nobilis Thw.","PeriodicalId":8546,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Plant Science & Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79326096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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