Kalpana Manoharan, P. Srinivasaperumal, G. Murali, Nara Manjuvardhan
Every day, it becomes more difficult to find water. The main factor causing water body contamination is human activity. Groundwater becomes contaminated when improperly treated waste water from industries and other sources gets mixed with it. The primary objective of this initiative is to treat water that has been contaminated by toxic substances. The study’s focus is on the process of eliminating additional compounds such as sulphate, nitrate, phenol, fluoride, mineral oil, calcium, and turbidity. The usefulness of ground water for specific uses depends on its chemistry, physical characteristics, and bacterial makeup. The groundwater’s pH, fluoride, nitrate, sulphate, turbidity, hardness, phenol, and other characteristics were all measured. The treatments took into account aeration and sedimentation. The water is then recommended as safe for household and agricultural purposes.
{"title":"Dye Industries are a Threat to the Environment: An Assessment of Groundwater Characteristics","authors":"Kalpana Manoharan, P. Srinivasaperumal, G. Murali, Nara Manjuvardhan","doi":"10.3233/ajw230037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230037","url":null,"abstract":"Every day, it becomes more difficult to find water. The main factor causing water body contamination is human activity. Groundwater becomes contaminated when improperly treated waste water from industries and other sources gets mixed with it. The primary objective of this initiative is to treat water that has been contaminated by toxic substances. The study’s focus is on the process of eliminating additional compounds such as sulphate, nitrate, phenol, fluoride, mineral oil, calcium, and turbidity. The usefulness of ground water for specific uses depends on its chemistry, physical characteristics, and bacterial makeup. The groundwater’s pH, fluoride, nitrate, sulphate, turbidity, hardness, phenol, and other characteristics were all measured. The treatments took into account aeration and sedimentation. The water is then recommended as safe for household and agricultural purposes.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41777622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Groundwater in aquifers is one of the most significant renewable natural resources. It provides drinking water to more than 90% of the rural population. The majority of domestic and industrial garbage is disposed off in open dumping yards. As a result, groundwater becomes contaminated and of poor quality. Many therapy strategies are being used in various regions of the world to address this issue. We investigated the groundwater properties in a section of an industrial city in southern India and treated the contaminated groundwater using natural bio-coagulants in this study. Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit peel), Momordica charantia (Bitter gourd seed), Musa paradisiaca (Banana blossom leaf), and Cynodon dactylon were employed as eco-friendly bio-coagulants (Scutch grass). These coagulants are good at removing turbidity while also keeping the pH of the water stable. Furthermore, these natural coagulants lower BOD, COD, and salt levels. Groundwater can be utilised for home purposes after treatment. Because it is a low-cost and environmentally friendly approach, a vast population can afford it.
{"title":"Environmentally-Friendly Bio-Coagulants: A Cost-Effective Solution for Groundwater Pollution Treatment","authors":"Venkatesan Govindaraj, Kalpana Manokaran, Jegadeesh Sathaiya, Praveen Baskar","doi":"10.3233/ajw230034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230034","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater in aquifers is one of the most significant renewable natural resources. It provides drinking water to more than 90% of the rural population. The majority of domestic and industrial garbage is disposed off in open dumping yards. As a result, groundwater becomes contaminated and of poor quality. Many therapy strategies are being used in various regions of the world to address this issue. We investigated the groundwater properties in a section of an industrial city in southern India and treated the contaminated groundwater using natural bio-coagulants in this study. Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit peel), Momordica charantia (Bitter gourd seed), Musa paradisiaca (Banana blossom leaf), and Cynodon dactylon were employed as eco-friendly bio-coagulants (Scutch grass). These coagulants are good at removing turbidity while also keeping the pH of the water stable. Furthermore, these natural coagulants lower BOD, COD, and salt levels. Groundwater can be utilised for home purposes after treatment. Because it is a low-cost and environmentally friendly approach, a vast population can afford it.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42821296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tofan Agung Eka Prasetya, Muhammad Rifki Taufik, Ratnaningtyas Wahyu Kusuma Wardani, T. Septiarini, Eka Rosanti
Air pollution is characterised as the presence of one or more pollutants in the outdoor environment, such as dust, gases, mist, odour, smoke, or vapour. They are harmful to human, plant, or animal life or property or interfere with the healthy nature of life or property in specific amounts, characteristics, or periods. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of ambient air pollution through relations between determinants to each SO2, NO2, PM10, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) by applying linear regression. The data has been obtained from the official websites of the Indian government based on the real-time pollutant concentrations monitored by stations in an urban and resident areas from 2000 until 2015. The data consisted of eight (8) variables; SO2, NO2, PM10, and SPM as outcomes, month, year, area, and monitoring stations as determinants. The model showed that the month, year, monitoring station, and area were correlated to SO2, NO2, and PM10 concentration. Yet, in SPM concentration, month, year, the station was correlated. The area was not correlated to SPM. Investigation of other predictors was needed to gain information about the increasing air pollution on a global scale.
{"title":"Characteristics of Ambient Air Pollutions in Delhi, India","authors":"Tofan Agung Eka Prasetya, Muhammad Rifki Taufik, Ratnaningtyas Wahyu Kusuma Wardani, T. Septiarini, Eka Rosanti","doi":"10.3233/ajw230032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230032","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is characterised as the presence of one or more pollutants in the outdoor environment, such as dust, gases, mist, odour, smoke, or vapour. They are harmful to human, plant, or animal life or property or interfere with the healthy nature of life or property in specific amounts, characteristics, or periods. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of ambient air pollution through relations between determinants to each SO2, NO2, PM10, and suspended particulate matter (SPM) by applying linear regression. The data has been obtained from the official websites of the Indian government based on the real-time pollutant concentrations monitored by stations in an urban and resident areas from 2000 until 2015. The data consisted of eight (8) variables; SO2, NO2, PM10, and SPM as outcomes, month, year, area, and monitoring stations as determinants. The model showed that the month, year, monitoring station, and area were correlated to SO2, NO2, and PM10 concentration. Yet, in SPM concentration, month, year, the station was correlated. The area was not correlated to SPM. Investigation of other predictors was needed to gain information about the increasing air pollution on a global scale.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary goal of this research is to evaluate the treatment of dairy effluent from a Coimbatore industry sector utilising algae bioreactor techniques. The activated sludge process is a biological wastewater treatment process for treating industrial wastewater for reducing solid particles and simultaneously treating dairy wastewater under aerobic conditions. In this present study, an aeration tank is designed and fabricated for the treatment of wastewater and sludge production by inoculating green algae. The algae bioreactor is operated continuously for 30 days by supplying oxygen. The wastewater characteristics are tested for their concentration to find the removal efficiency of the aerobic tank. This study attempts to reduce the pollutant concentration and CO2 emission from wastewater as well as produce fertilisers from this treatment. This method of treatment is sustainable and eco-friendly.
{"title":"Treatment of Dairy Wastewater and Sludge Production Using Algae Bio Reactor","authors":"Venkatesan Govindaraj, Kuberan Murugan, Praveen Baskar, Jegadeesh Sathaiya","doi":"10.3233/ajw230040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230040","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of this research is to evaluate the treatment of dairy effluent from a Coimbatore industry sector utilising algae bioreactor techniques. The activated sludge process is a biological wastewater treatment process for treating industrial wastewater for reducing solid particles and simultaneously treating dairy wastewater under aerobic conditions. In this present study, an aeration tank is designed and fabricated for the treatment of wastewater and sludge production by inoculating green algae. The algae bioreactor is operated continuously for 30 days by supplying oxygen. The wastewater characteristics are tested for their concentration to find the removal efficiency of the aerobic tank. This study attempts to reduce the pollutant concentration and CO2 emission from wastewater as well as produce fertilisers from this treatment. This method of treatment is sustainable and eco-friendly.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45122112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to investigate the non-diatomic algae community and some biodiversity indices in the Hilla River during the study period from October 2018 to July 2019 for three sites along the Hilla River. Physicochemical parameters of water quality assessment and the phytoplankton population is measured using a sedimentation technique identified mainly using some diagnostic sources. Where a total of (48) genera and (100) species were diagnosed, belonging to 5 classes as follows: Chlorophyceae (23 genera, 59 species), Cyanophyceae (16 genera, 30 species), Dinophyceae (4 genera and 4 species), Chrysophyceae (3 genera, 5 species) and Euglenophyceae (2 genera and 2 species). The highest and low values recorded for biodiversity were (1.9 and 2.9) at site 3 and 1, respectively, while the richness index ranged between 43 and 48, and the highest value for numerical Evenness Index was (0.77) at site 3 and the lowest values (0.51) at site 1 and 2, Simpson dominance index has recorded the highest value (0,272) at site 1 and 2 and the lowest values was (0.122) at site 3. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to estimate the relationship between environmental factors and algae, water temperature (water temp.) salinity, pH, chloride, and alkalinity were important factors influencing the distribution of phytoplankton community.
{"title":"Diversity and Ecology of Non-diatomic Algae in the Middle Hilla River, Iraq","authors":"N. F. Kadhim, Adi Jassim Abd Al-Rezzaq","doi":"10.3233/ajw230039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230039","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to investigate the non-diatomic algae community and some biodiversity indices in the Hilla River during the study period from October 2018 to July 2019 for three sites along the Hilla River. Physicochemical parameters of water quality assessment and the phytoplankton population is measured using a sedimentation technique identified mainly using some diagnostic sources. Where a total of (48) genera and (100) species were diagnosed, belonging to 5 classes as follows: Chlorophyceae (23 genera, 59 species), Cyanophyceae (16 genera, 30 species), Dinophyceae (4 genera and 4 species), Chrysophyceae (3 genera, 5 species) and Euglenophyceae (2 genera and 2 species). The highest and low values recorded for biodiversity were (1.9 and 2.9) at site 3 and 1, respectively, while the richness index ranged between 43 and 48, and the highest value for numerical Evenness Index was (0.77) at site 3 and the lowest values (0.51) at site 1 and 2, Simpson dominance index has recorded the highest value (0,272) at site 1 and 2 and the lowest values was (0.122) at site 3. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to estimate the relationship between environmental factors and algae, water temperature (water temp.) salinity, pH, chloride, and alkalinity were important factors influencing the distribution of phytoplankton community.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42829970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haider A.J. Almuslamawy, Ahmed Hussein Ali Aldhrub, S. Ahmed, Raghad S. Mouhamad
Hazardous materials, heavy metals, and organic toxins released into the environment have caused considerable harm to microbes, plants, animals, and humans. Wastewater is one of the most contaminated ecosystems due to heavy metals emitted mostly by human activity. Bioremediation of wastewater is an ecologically acceptable and cost-effective method of removing heavy metals from sewage; the general purpose of this study is to analyse the dependability of anaerobic sludge biomass in removing sulfur compounds and heavy metals from waste water. The anaerobic sludge biomass evaluated in this work was taken from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Al-Rustumiya, Baghdad, and grown in the mineral medium for anaerobic growth. In serum bottles, batch metal removal tests were conducted concurrently with sulphate reduction. The biomass increased from the time of inoculation medium with 20 mg·L-1 (t = 0 day, MLVSS = 688 29 mg·L-1) to the 8th day, when it reached the highest value (MLVSS = 980 48 mg·L-1); more than 90% removal was observed for copper and nickel, almost 80% for lead and cadmium metals, and less than 80% removal for chrome and zinc. In addition, in the case of lead, copper, and nickel, sulphate removal was greater than 50%. Except zinc, all metals have the capacity to remove more than 60% of the COD.
{"title":"Microbial Simultaneous Eradication from Wastewater of Sulphate and Heavy Metals","authors":"Haider A.J. Almuslamawy, Ahmed Hussein Ali Aldhrub, S. Ahmed, Raghad S. Mouhamad","doi":"10.3233/ajw230041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230041","url":null,"abstract":"Hazardous materials, heavy metals, and organic toxins released into the environment have caused considerable harm to microbes, plants, animals, and humans. Wastewater is one of the most contaminated ecosystems due to heavy metals emitted mostly by human activity. Bioremediation of wastewater is an ecologically acceptable and cost-effective method of removing heavy metals from sewage; the general purpose of this study is to analyse the dependability of anaerobic sludge biomass in removing sulfur compounds and heavy metals from waste water. The anaerobic sludge biomass evaluated in this work was taken from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Al-Rustumiya, Baghdad, and grown in the mineral medium for anaerobic growth. In serum bottles, batch metal removal tests were conducted concurrently with sulphate reduction. The biomass increased from the time of inoculation medium with 20 mg·L-1 (t = 0 day, MLVSS = 688 29 mg·L-1) to the 8th day, when it reached the highest value (MLVSS = 980 48 mg·L-1); more than 90% removal was observed for copper and nickel, almost 80% for lead and cadmium metals, and less than 80% removal for chrome and zinc. In addition, in the case of lead, copper, and nickel, sulphate removal was greater than 50%. Except zinc, all metals have the capacity to remove more than 60% of the COD.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46895484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sharma, Shalini Baxi, K. Sharma, S. Sharma, Shashank Patel
Shivalik region is well known for increasing industrialisation subjected to govt. policies and other factors for setup. Massive industrialisation has a serious impact on the natural resources and surroundings. In the study, the effect of these industries has been studied on water resources. Various physiochemical parameters viz. pH, conductance and others were determined to ensure the quality of water. The concentration of heavy metals was estimated through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (A.A.S). Findings revealed shocking facts about the drastic change in the physiochemical parameters including metal-ion concentrations. The level of these metal-ions was found to be much higher than permissible limits and can be subjected to untreated effluent from the industries. Survey results have been merged liable on personal observations and the interaction with stakeholders.
{"title":"Understanding the Impact of Industrialisation on Potable Water Quality in the Lower Shivalik Region of Himalayas and its Geographical Analysis","authors":"M. Sharma, Shalini Baxi, K. Sharma, S. Sharma, Shashank Patel","doi":"10.3233/ajw230033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230033","url":null,"abstract":"Shivalik region is well known for increasing industrialisation subjected to govt. policies and other factors for setup. Massive industrialisation has a serious impact on the natural resources and surroundings. In the study, the effect of these industries has been studied on water resources. Various physiochemical parameters viz. pH, conductance and others were determined to ensure the quality of water. The concentration of heavy metals was estimated through Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (A.A.S). Findings revealed shocking facts about the drastic change in the physiochemical parameters including metal-ion concentrations. The level of these metal-ions was found to be much higher than permissible limits and can be subjected to untreated effluent from the industries. Survey results have been merged liable on personal observations and the interaction with stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46172665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study is the physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of raw and purified wastewater from the WWTP of the city of Errachidia, Morocco, during the year 2020, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of wastewater treatment. of the wastewater treatment plant, of the aerated lagoon type, and see their reuse in irrigation. The average monthly results of the physico-chemical analyses of treated wastewater carried out from January to December 2020 are as follows: BOD5 = 94.45 mgo2/l; COD = 339.32 mgo2/l; SS = 87.67 mg/L. The results show compliance with the general limit values for the discharge of Moroccan surface water, which protects the environment. Thus, the bacteriological results show the presence of various germs with average annual values where faecal coliforms (CF) are 680 CFU/100 ml; total coliforms (CT) are 2810 UFC/100 and faecal streptococci are 46 UFC/100 ml, which remain below the limit values recommended by Moroccan irrigation standards (CF < 1000 UFC/100 ml), which allows their exploitation and their reuse in irrigation.
{"title":"Evaluation of Wastewater Quality Treated by the Step of the City of Errachidia (Morocco)","authors":"M. Ouhammi, M. Merzouki, H. Belhassan","doi":"10.3233/ajw230036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230036","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is the physico-chemical and bacteriological characterisation of raw and purified wastewater from the WWTP of the city of Errachidia, Morocco, during the year 2020, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of wastewater treatment. of the wastewater treatment plant, of the aerated lagoon type, and see their reuse in irrigation. The average monthly results of the physico-chemical analyses of treated wastewater carried out from January to December 2020 are as follows: BOD5 = 94.45 mgo2/l; COD = 339.32 mgo2/l; SS = 87.67 mg/L. The results show compliance with the general limit values for the discharge of Moroccan surface water, which protects the environment. Thus, the bacteriological results show the presence of various germs with average annual values where faecal coliforms (CF) are 680 CFU/100 ml; total coliforms (CT) are 2810 UFC/100 and faecal streptococci are 46 UFC/100 ml, which remain below the limit values recommended by Moroccan irrigation standards (CF < 1000 UFC/100 ml), which allows their exploitation and their reuse in irrigation.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44927047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luma Salih Jabbar Al-Taweel, Ahmed Malik Waheed AlSaadawi
A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season of 2020 in one of the fields of Afak district - Al-Diwaniyah governorate / Iraq to investigate the effect of vermicompost, phosphorous nano-fertiliser and humic acid on the activity of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme and its thermodynamic parameters at the flowering and full maturity stages of maize. Randomized Complete Blocks Design was used at three replications. The experimental treatments were 14 treatments, including the control treatment and these treatments consisted of Vermicompost, Humic acid and Phosphorus and Nano-Fertiliser. The results showed that the V treatment had the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (152.5 and 186.9 μg PO4-3-P g-1 soil 5h-1) and the lowest means of Ea (10.34 and 4.72 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.162-1.123 and 1.071-1.054) at the flowering and full maturity stages, respectively. The nP2 treatment achieved the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (71.6 and 55.9 μg PO4-3- P g-1 soil 5h-1) at the flowering and full maturity stages, respectively, and the lowest means of Ea (3.54 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.053-1.041) at the full maturity stage only. Further, the H1 treatment gave the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (64.5 and 75.9 μg P-nitrophenol g-1 soil 1h-1) and the lowest means of Ea (8.31 and 3.17 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.128-1.097 and 1.043-1.033) at flowering and full maturity stages, respectively. Also, the VnP1 and VH1 treatments gave the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (159.0 and 222.3 μg PO4-3-P g-1 soil 5h-1) for both treatments at flowering and maturity stages, respectively, while the H1nP1 and Vnp1 treatments gave the lowest means of Ea (3.72 and 1.59 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.056-1.043 and 1.023-1.018) for both treatments at flowering and maturity stages, respectively.
{"title":"Vermicompost, Phosphorous Nano-Fertiliser and Humic Acid: Their Effect on the Activity of Inorganic Pyrophosphatase Enzyme and its Thermodynamic Parameters","authors":"Luma Salih Jabbar Al-Taweel, Ahmed Malik Waheed AlSaadawi","doi":"10.3233/ajw230022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230022","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during the autumn season of 2020 in one of the fields of Afak district - Al-Diwaniyah governorate / Iraq to investigate the effect of vermicompost, phosphorous nano-fertiliser and humic acid on the activity of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme and its thermodynamic parameters at the flowering and full maturity stages of maize. Randomized Complete Blocks Design was used at three replications. The experimental treatments were 14 treatments, including the control treatment and these treatments consisted of Vermicompost, Humic acid and Phosphorus and Nano-Fertiliser. The results showed that the V treatment had the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (152.5 and 186.9 μg PO4-3-P g-1 soil 5h-1) and the lowest means of Ea (10.34 and 4.72 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.162-1.123 and 1.071-1.054) at the flowering and full maturity stages, respectively. The nP2 treatment achieved the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (71.6 and 55.9 μg PO4-3- P g-1 soil 5h-1) at the flowering and full maturity stages, respectively, and the lowest means of Ea (3.54 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.053-1.041) at the full maturity stage only. Further, the H1 treatment gave the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (64.5 and 75.9 μg P-nitrophenol g-1 soil 1h-1) and the lowest means of Ea (8.31 and 3.17 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.128-1.097 and 1.043-1.033) at flowering and full maturity stages, respectively. Also, the VnP1 and VH1 treatments gave the highest means of inorganic pyrophosphatase enzyme activity (159.0 and 222.3 μg PO4-3-P g-1 soil 5h-1) for both treatments at flowering and maturity stages, respectively, while the H1nP1 and Vnp1 treatments gave the lowest means of Ea (3.72 and 1.59 Kj mole-1) and Q10 (1.056-1.043 and 1.023-1.018) for both treatments at flowering and maturity stages, respectively.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44459300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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