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Crime Witnesses' Non-Cooperation in Police Investigations 犯罪证人在警方调查中的不合作
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7672-3.ch007
U. Ojedokun
The importance of crime witnesses in policing and crime control cannot be overemphasized. In Nigeria, a constant impediment in the effective operation of the criminal justice system machineries is the non-cooperation of crime witnesses with personnel of the Nigeria Police Force. Against this background, this paper examines the causes and consequences of crime witnesses' non-cooperation in police investigations in Nigeria. Rational choice theory was employed for its theoretical anchorage. A wide range of socio-cultural factors were identified as sustaining the traditional communication gap between the Police and crime witnesses that possess vital information which can aid their crime investigation. The Nigeria Police Force is urged to develop a holistic road-map through which the level of public confidence in its operation can be boosted.
犯罪证人在警务和犯罪控制中的重要性怎么强调都不为过。在尼日利亚,刑事司法系统机制有效运作的一个持续障碍是犯罪证人不与尼日利亚警察部队人员合作。在此背景下,本文考察了尼日利亚警方调查中犯罪证人不合作的原因和后果。运用理性选择理论作为理论支点。广泛的社会文化因素被确定为造成警察与拥有重要信息的犯罪证人之间的传统沟通差距的原因,这些信息可以帮助他们进行犯罪调查。敦促尼日利亚警察部队制定一份全面的路线图,通过该路线图可以提高公众对其行动的信心。
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引用次数: 0
A History of Police Psychology 《警察心理学史
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0813-7.CH001
P. Trompetter
This chapter briefly identifies important societal events and governmental responses that set the stage for the emergence of the specialty of police psychology, provides the names and departments of early practitioners (1963-1990) of police psychology, and explains how the current definition of police psychology was developed, with its four domains and 55 proficiencies. The maturation of the specialty is outlined from its recognition as an American Psychological Association (APA) proficiency, to the creation of an American Board of Police & Public Safety Psychology (ABPPSP) specialty board, and most recently to its recognition as an APA specialty.
本章简要地指出了为警察心理学专业的出现奠定基础的重要社会事件和政府反应,提供了早期警察心理学从业者(1963-1990)的名称和部门,并解释了警察心理学的当前定义是如何发展的,包括四个领域和55个熟练程度。该专业的成熟概述从其被认可为美国心理协会(APA)的熟练程度,到美国警察与公共安全心理学委员会(ABPPSP)专业委员会的创建,以及最近被认可为APA专业。
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引用次数: 0
The Link Between Communicative Intelligence and Procedural Justice 交际智力与程序公正的关系
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7672-3.ch002
Renée J. Mitchell, Kendall Von Zoller
The public's perception of police legitimacy is viewed through the lens of procedural justice (Tyler, 2003). Legitimacy it is a perception held by an audience (Tankebe & Liebling, 2013). Tyler (2006, p. 375) defines legitimacy as “a psychological property of an authority, institution, or social arrangement that leads those connected to it to believe that it is appropriate, proper, and just.” Four aspects of the police contact that affects a citizen's view: active participation in the decision-making, the decision-making is neutral and objective, trustworthy motives, and being treated with dignity and respect (Tyler, 2004). Accordingly an officer should act in a way that supports citizen's active participation, conveys an air of neutrality, and enhances dignity and respect. One way an officer can transmit his intent is through communicative intelligence. Communicative intelligence is a communication theory based on five capabilities (Zoller, 2015). These authors intend to link communicative intelligence to behaviors officers should engage in to enhance PJ and improve PL.
公众对警察合法性的看法是通过程序正义的视角来看待的(Tyler, 2003)。合法性是观众持有的一种感知(Tankebe & Liebling, 2013)。泰勒(2006,第375页)将合法性定义为“权威、制度或社会安排的一种心理属性,它使与之相关的人相信它是适当的、适当的和公正的。”警察接触影响公民看法的四个方面:积极参与决策,决策中立客观,动机值得信赖,受到尊严和尊重(Tyler, 2004)。因此,一个官员应该以支持公民积极参与的方式行事,传达一种中立的气氛,提高尊严和尊重。军官传达意图的一种方式是通过交际智能。交际智能是一种基于五种能力的交际理论(Zoller, 2015)。这些作者打算将交际智力与军官应该从事的行为联系起来,以提高PJ和改善PL。
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引用次数: 0
The criminality of abortion in Korea. 堕胎在韩国是犯罪行为。
Pub Date : 1965-03-01 DOI: 10.2307/1140591
P. Hahm, B. Jon
The wholesale importation of European laws into Korea, including the criminality of a woman undergoing an abortion, is called into question. In order to determine Korean attitudes among the professionals involved in the maintenance and prosecution of the law, a questionnaire was sent out to physicians, judges, public prosecutors, and practicing lawyers in Seoul and Pusan concerning their attitudes toward birth control and abortion, the criminality of abortion, and the influence of religion upo n abortion attitudes. An overwhelming 86.5% considered birth control "very necessary." 78.6% though abortion was "sometimes necessary," and 67.5% thought that "many" abortions were being performed in Korea. 81.4% felt that abortion was justifiable for certain causes. Chief among these were: ill health of the pregnant woman (90.1%), possible birth defect (87.6%), rape (62.8%), and single status of pregnant woman (32.2). Religious attitudes and profession tended to influence the reason's one considered abortion wrong. To have laws that are rarely enforced and are not supported by the people is considered bad morally as it tends to undermine faith in the legal system. Rescinding the law on criminal abortion or revising it to permit abortion on justifiable grounds is recommended.
包括妇女堕胎罪在内的欧洲法律大量输入韩国,也受到了质疑。为了确定韩国人对维护和执行法律的专业人员的态度,向汉城和釜山的医生、法官、检察官和执业律师发放了一份问卷,内容涉及他们对控制生育和堕胎的态度、堕胎的犯罪行为、宗教对堕胎态度的影响。86.5%的人认为节育“非常必要”。78.6%的人认为堕胎“有时是必要的”,67.5%的人认为韩国有“很多”堕胎,81.4%的人认为出于某些原因堕胎是合理的。其中最主要的是:孕妇健康状况不佳(90.1%)、可能的出生缺陷(87.6%)、强奸(62.8%)和孕妇单身(32.2%)。宗教态度和职业倾向于影响人们认为堕胎是错误的原因。很少执行且不受人民支持的法律被认为是不道德的,因为它往往会破坏人们对法律制度的信心。建议废除刑事堕胎法或修改法律,允许有正当理由的堕胎。
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引用次数: 1
The criminality of abortion in Korea. 堕胎在韩国是犯罪行为。
P C Hahm, B J Jon
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引用次数: 0
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The Journal of criminal law, criminology, and police science
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