S Sethi, X Ju, R Logan, J Hedges, G Garvey, L Jamieson
Background
The Australian Burden of Disease Study has shown that cancer is the single most important entity responsible for the greatest cause of health burden in Australia. Unfortunately, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience a greater burden of this disease, with cancer of the lung, breast, bowel and prostrate being the most common. Lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer incidence is rapidly rising globally and is now the sixth most common cancer in Australia. This paper aims to summarize, for the first time, the incidence and prevalence trends of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.
Methods
Data were obtained from the Australian Cancer Database (ACD), which is compiled at the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) from 1999 to 2018 to estimate the incidence and prevalence of certain head and neck cancers (ICD-10 codes C00–C10, C14). The other variables requested were age groups and sex.
Results
Results were stratified by ICD-10 code, sex and age group at diagnosis and time period (i.e. grouped years of diagnosis). The total incidence of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers increased by 1.3 times from 1999 to 2008 (107/100 000) to 2009–2018 (135/100 000). The overall 5-year prevalence of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers was 0.17% (0.24% for men and 0.09% for women).
Conclusions
The significantly increased incidence of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia is concerning and should be explored. A targeted, comprehensive and culturally safe model of care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers is imperative.
背景：澳大利亚疾病负担研究》（Australian Burden of Disease Study）表明，癌症是造成澳大利亚最大健康负担的最重要因素。不幸的是，土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民的疾病负担更重，其中肺癌、乳腺癌、肠癌和前列腺癌最为常见。唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌的发病率在全球范围内迅速上升，目前已成为澳大利亚第六大常见癌症。本文旨在首次总结澳大利亚土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民的唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌的发病率和流行趋势：数据来自澳大利亚癌症数据库（ACD），该数据库由澳大利亚卫生与福利研究所（AIHW）在1999年至2018年期间编制，用于估算某些头颈部癌症（ICD-10代码C00-C10、C14）的发病率和流行率。要求提供的其他变量包括年龄组和性别：结果：根据 ICD-10 编码、性别、诊断时的年龄组和时间段（即诊断的分组年份）对结果进行了分层。唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌的总发病率从1999年至2008年（107/100 000）增加到2009年至2018年（135/100 000），增加了1.3倍。唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌的5年总发病率为0.17%（男性为0.24%，女性为0.09%）：澳大利亚原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌发病率明显增加，令人担忧，应对此进行研究。为患有唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌的土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民提供有针对性的、全面的、文化上安全的治疗模式势在必行。
{"title":"Lip, oral and oropharyngeal cancer incidence among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples: First report from Australian population-based cancer registry, 1999–2018","authors":"S Sethi, X Ju, R Logan, J Hedges, G Garvey, L Jamieson","doi":"10.1111/adj.13013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Australian Burden of Disease Study has shown that cancer is the single most important entity responsible for the greatest cause of health burden in Australia. Unfortunately, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience a greater burden of this disease, with cancer of the lung, breast, bowel and prostrate being the most common. Lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer incidence is rapidly rising globally and is now the sixth most common cancer in Australia. This paper aims to summarize, for the first time, the incidence and prevalence trends of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained from the Australian Cancer Database (ACD), which is compiled at the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) from 1999 to 2018 to estimate the incidence and prevalence of certain head and neck cancers (ICD-10 codes C00–C10, C14). The other variables requested were age groups and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results were stratified by ICD-10 code, sex and age group at diagnosis and time period (i.e. grouped years of diagnosis). The total incidence of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers increased by 1.3 times from 1999 to 2008 (107/100 000) to 2009–2018 (135/100 000). The overall 5-year prevalence of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers was 0.17% (0.24% for men and 0.09% for women).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The significantly increased incidence of lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia is concerning and should be explored. A targeted, comprehensive and culturally safe model of care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers is imperative.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 3","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adj.13013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study compared the marginal gaps of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate (LDS) crowns constructed using a contemporary and older scanner/milling unit combination at three different cement spaces.
Methods
Twenty-four undergraduate students prepared a Columbia model lower left first molar for an LDS crown in a simulated environment. From each crown preparation, one LDS crown was constructed using an E4D scanner/E4D milling unit (E4DS/E4DM) and TRIOS 3 scanner/Sirona inLab MC X5 milling unit (TRIO/MCX5) at cement space settings of 50, 100 and 200 μm. Each LDS crown was positioned onto the original crown preparation, and then a stereomicroscope was used to make three vertical marginal gap measurements at four locations (mid-buccal, mid-lingual, mid-mesial and mid-distal). The mean marginal gap (MMG) was calculated for each crown and each individual tooth surface.
Results
The MMGs of CAD/CAM LDS crowns constructed by TRIO/MCX5 were 72.31 at 50, 63.73 at 100 μm and 46.23 μm at 200 μm, which were smaller than E4DS/E4DM at each cement space.
{"title":"Commentary on the senate select committee into the provision of and access to dental services in Australia: an opportunity for reform","authors":"MS Hopcraft","doi":"10.1111/adj.13012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A recent Senate Select Committee has tabled its report into the provision of and access to dental care in Australia. The Senate Committee heard:\u0000\u0000 </p><p>There were 35 recommendations for reform centred around the need to put the mouth back in the body and covered by five broad themes:\u0000\u0000 </p><p>This paper provides an overview of the problem and focuses on the recommended funding reforms necessary to improve access to dental care.</p>","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 3","pages":"162-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adj.13012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140064704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to compare serum ferritin and iron levels and periodontal status in pre- and post-menopausal female patients.
Materials and Methods
A total of 108 systemically healthy patients were included in the study, 63 patients in the pre-menopause group and 45 patients in the post-menopause group. The periodontal diagnosis was made according to the new periodontal disease classification of the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology Serum Iron (μg/dL) and Serum Ferritin (ng/mL) values were analysed in patients divided into groups according to menopausal status and periodontal status.
Result
The mean ferritin in pre-menopausal women (34.96 ± 27.87 ng/mL) was lower than the mean ferritin in post-menopausal women (64.24 ± 36.05 ng/mL), and this difference was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the averages of iron and ferritin according to periodontal diagnosis in pre-menopausal women (P = 0.200 and P = 0.858). A statistically significant difference was found between serum ferritin averages according to periodontal diagnosis in post-menopausal women (P < 0.001). Serum ferritin at % Interdental bone loss = 0 in Post-M was 33.93 ± 8.65 ng/mL; 47.51 ± 16.17 ng/mL in Stage 1 periodontitis; 72.66 ± 18.12 ng/mL in Stage 2 periodontitis; It was found to be 87.4 ± 47.1 ng/mL in Stage 3–4 periodontitis.
Conclusion
Serum ferritin values might vary depending on the presence or severity of periodontitis in post-menopausal women.
{"title":"Serum iron and ferritin levels in female patients with gingivitis and periodontitis","authors":"S Ozcan Bulut, N Ozel Ercel","doi":"10.1111/adj.13011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the study was to compare serum ferritin and iron levels and periodontal status in pre- and post-menopausal female patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 108 systemically healthy patients were included in the study, 63 patients in the pre-menopause group and 45 patients in the post-menopause group. The periodontal diagnosis was made according to the new periodontal disease classification of the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology Serum Iron (μg/dL) and Serum Ferritin (ng/mL) values were analysed in patients divided into groups according to menopausal status and periodontal status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean ferritin in pre-menopausal women (34.96 ± 27.87 ng/mL) was lower than the mean ferritin in post-menopausal women (64.24 ± 36.05 ng/mL), and this difference was found to be statistically significant (<i>P</i><0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the averages of iron and ferritin according to periodontal diagnosis in pre-menopausal women (<i>P</i> = 0.200 and <i>P</i> = 0.858). A statistically significant difference was found between serum ferritin averages according to periodontal diagnosis in post-menopausal women (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Serum ferritin at % Interdental bone loss = 0 in Post-M was 33.93 ± 8.65 ng/mL; 47.51 ± 16.17 ng/mL in Stage 1 periodontitis; 72.66 ± 18.12 ng/mL in Stage 2 periodontitis; It was found to be 87.4 ± 47.1 ng/mL in Stage 3–4 periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum ferritin values might vary depending on the presence or severity of periodontitis in post-menopausal women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 3","pages":"175-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139734348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The oral and maxillofacial complex is subject to a range of traumas. Injuries to the region are devastating and have a great impact on social health outcomes. This review intends to investigate the aetiologies of maxillofacial trauma across Australia.
Methods
This review was written in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR. Comprehensive searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were conducted to identify potentially relevant literature. Quantitative observational epidemiological studies were sought and were required to include at least one aetiology to the maxillofacial region in their data set. A total of 31 eligible studies were included.
Results
The greatest recorded causes of maxillofacial injuries included inter-personal violence (34.98%) falls (20.87%), sports (15.62%), and motor-vehicle accidents (14.31%). These four aetiologies cumulatively accounted for more than 85% of maxillofacial injuries. From all sustained injuries (n = 7661), the orbit was the most prevalent site of fracture (31.85%), followed by the zygoma (22.01%), mandible (21%), nasal bone (12.45%), maxilla (10.04%), dentoalveolus (1.84%), antrum (<1%), and frontal bone (<1%).
MA Atieh, M Shah, A Hakam, M Alghafri, A Tawse-Smith, NHM Alsabeeha
Test your knowledge by first reading the article, then go to www.ada.org.au. Log on to the members site and click on Professional Information. Under Publications, follow the links to this month's Quiz. Select the option that you think provides the best answer to each question. Click ‘Done’ and in an instant you'll know how you scored. Remember to print out a copy of your score for your records. Completion of this quiz entitles you to 1 CPD hour. Please note the Editorial Office does not accept hard copies of completed questionnaires. The Quiz must be completed online and a printed copy of your results retained for CPD audit purposes.
Q1
Correct answer: d
Q2
Correct answer: d
Q3
Correct answer: a
Q4
Correct answer: a
Q5
Correct answer: c
MA Atieh: Concept/design, data collection, data analysis/interpretation, drafting article, critical revision of article and approval of article. M Shah: Data analysis/interpretation, critical revision of article and approval of article. A Hakam: Critical revision of article and approval of article. M Alghafri: Critical revision of article and approval of article. A Tawse-Smith: Critical revision of article and approval of article. NHM Alsabeeha: Critical revision of article and approval of article.
The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this review.
{"title":"Systemic azithromycin vs. amoxicillin/metronidazole as an adjunct in the treatment of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"MA Atieh, M Shah, A Hakam, M Alghafri, A Tawse-Smith, NHM Alsabeeha","doi":"10.1111/adj.13008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Test your knowledge by first reading the article, then go to www.ada.org.au. Log on to the members site and click on Professional Information. Under Publications, follow the links to this month's Quiz. Select the option that you think provides the best answer to each question. Click ‘Done’ and in an instant you'll know how you scored. Remember to print out a copy of your score for your records. Completion of this quiz entitles you to 1 CPD hour. Please note the Editorial Office does not accept hard copies of completed questionnaires. The Quiz must be completed online and a printed copy of your results retained for CPD audit purposes.</p><p>Q1</p><p>Correct answer: d</p><p>Q2</p><p>Correct answer: d</p><p>Q3</p><p>Correct answer: a</p><p>Q4</p><p>Correct answer: a</p><p>Q5</p><p>Correct answer: c</p><p><b>MA Atieh:</b> Concept/design, data collection, data analysis/interpretation, drafting article, critical revision of article and approval of article. <b>M Shah:</b> Data analysis/interpretation, critical revision of article and approval of article. <b>A Hakam:</b> Critical revision of article and approval of article. <b>M Alghafri:</b> Critical revision of article and approval of article. <b>A Tawse-Smith:</b> Critical revision of article and approval of article. <b>NHM Alsabeeha:</b> Critical revision of article and approval of article.</p><p>The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this review.</p><p>No funding was obtained for this study.</p><p>No ethical approval was required for this study.</p><p>PROSPERO ID CRD42023430033.</p>","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"67-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adj.13008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the (1) survival probabilities of prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZCs) placed on primary teeth and (2) identify demographic and tooth-related factors that might affect survival probability.
Methods
This study prospectively followed children treated under general anaesthesia by a single practitioner between 2012 and 2020. Demographic variables including the age at treatment, gender and tooth-related variables including FDI tooth number, crown size used and any procedural complications at postoperative reviews were collected.
Results
A total of 155 children involving 319 teeth with PZCs were followed up between 12 and 78 months postoperatively with a mean of 38 months. Of the 319 crowns followed, five failures were observed in three patients requiring extraction. Other procedural complications noted included fracture (n = 3), overhangs (n = 3), internal resorption (n = 5) and 24% of crowns showed signs of radiographic changes on postoperative radiographs when these were taken. Age at treatment, tooth type and need for pulp therapy were not statistically associated with clinical success (P > 0.1).
Conclusions
PZCs provide an aesthetic and durable solution in the management of children with early childhood caries. This study shows very good clinical success and survival extending up to 78 months for PZCs placed on primary teeth under general anaesthesia.
{"title":"Survival of pre-formed zirconia crowns in primary teeth: a prospective practice-based cohort study","authors":"M Foster, J Patel, B Turlach, R Anthonappa","doi":"10.1111/adj.13006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the (1) survival probabilities of prefabricated zirconia crowns (PZCs) placed on primary teeth and (2) identify demographic and tooth-related factors that might affect survival probability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study prospectively followed children treated under general anaesthesia by a single practitioner between 2012 and 2020. Demographic variables including the age at treatment, gender and tooth-related variables including FDI tooth number, crown size used and any procedural complications at postoperative reviews were collected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 155 children involving 319 teeth with PZCs were followed up between 12 and 78 months postoperatively with a mean of 38 months. Of the 319 crowns followed, five failures were observed in three patients requiring extraction. Other procedural complications noted included fracture (n = 3), overhangs (n = 3), internal resorption (n = 5) and 24% of crowns showed signs of radiographic changes on postoperative radiographs when these were taken. Age at treatment, tooth type and need for pulp therapy were not statistically associated with clinical success (<i>P</i> > 0.1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PZCs provide an aesthetic and durable solution in the management of children with early childhood caries. This study shows very good clinical success and survival extending up to 78 months for PZCs placed on primary teeth under general anaesthesia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 2","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adj.13006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethics in research and dental practice","authors":"Ivan Darby","doi":"10.1111/adj.13007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X Wang, A Ghanbarzadegan, W Sohn, E Taylor, J Gao, B Christian
Dental caries constitutes one of the most ubiquitous diseases in Australia, with Indigenous children presenting a notably higher prevalence than their non-Indigenous peers. This literature review aims to update the knowledge base developed by Christian and Blinkhorn in 2012, with a particular focus on the contemporary disparities in dental caries between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. Our research strategy involved a thorough exploration of the Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases to identify pertinent studies published between 2009 and 2022. Supplementary resources included various government websites and citation searches. We prioritised studies that focused on children aged 5–6 or 12 years—reflecting the World Health Organization's index ages for oral health—and that reported dental caries prevalence and experience indicators. Our review methodology was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The updated search, spanning 2009 to 2023, retrieved studies that reported caries estimates exclusively from 2009 to 2014. Within this period, the prevalence of dental caries in Indigenous children's primary teeth ranged between 52% and 77%, while the prevalence in permanent teeth varied from 36% to 60%. This updated review indicated that Indigenous children continue to experience caries at an approximately twice higher rate than non-Indigenous children, sustaining the persisting disparity in caries estimates. The findings from this review show that no discernible improvement in dental caries rates among Australian Indigenous children has been observed in comparison to the previous review; and that Indigenous children continue to experience both higher prevalence and severity of dental caries compared to non-Indigenous children.
{"title":"Inequalities in dental caries among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children in Australia: A literature review","authors":"X Wang, A Ghanbarzadegan, W Sohn, E Taylor, J Gao, B Christian","doi":"10.1111/adj.13005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dental caries constitutes one of the most ubiquitous diseases in Australia, with Indigenous children presenting a notably higher prevalence than their non-Indigenous peers. This literature review aims to update the knowledge base developed by Christian and Blinkhorn in 2012, with a particular focus on the contemporary disparities in dental caries between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. Our research strategy involved a thorough exploration of the Medline, PubMed, and Scopus databases to identify pertinent studies published between 2009 and 2022. Supplementary resources included various government websites and citation searches. We prioritised studies that focused on children aged 5–6 or 12 years—reflecting the World Health Organization's index ages for oral health—and that reported dental caries prevalence and experience indicators. Our review methodology was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The updated search, spanning 2009 to 2023, retrieved studies that reported caries estimates exclusively from 2009 to 2014. Within this period, the prevalence of dental caries in Indigenous children's primary teeth ranged between 52% and 77%, while the prevalence in permanent teeth varied from 36% to 60%. This updated review indicated that Indigenous children continue to experience caries at an approximately twice higher rate than non-Indigenous children, sustaining the persisting disparity in caries estimates. The findings from this review show that no discernible improvement in dental caries rates among Australian Indigenous children has been observed in comparison to the previous review; and that Indigenous children continue to experience both higher prevalence and severity of dental caries compared to non-Indigenous children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 2","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adj.13005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139401570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Thadathil Varghese, R Raju, P Farrar, L Prentice, BG Prusty
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Clinical practitioners may have become familiar with the rapid transformation of dental composites. However, they may not scientifically understand the factors influencing the mechanical and physical properties. Scientific knowledge of filler-resin interaction can significantly improve clinical understanding of resin composites. Several independent studies have examined the mechanical and physico-mechanical properties of dental resin composites; however, no comprehensive study has examined the influence of fillers and resin materials on the physico-mechanical properties of both self-cure and dual-cure composites.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This study performed investigations on the physico-mechanical behaviour of four commercially available dual-cure dental composites (Bioactive, Fill Up!, Surefil One, Cention N) and two commercially available self-cure dental composites (Stela Capsule and Stela Automix). Test specimens for flexural and compressive strength, microhardness, fracture toughness, and hydrolytic behaviour were prepared and tested as per respective standards. The data sets were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc comparison.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>There was a substantial variation in flexural strength and modulus values in this study, ranging from 32.0 to 113.4 MPa and 2.36 to 12.07 GPa, respectively. Similarly, there were significant differences in compressive strength between the materials in this study, ranging from 119.3 to 223.5 MPa. The highest fracture toughness value was found to be 1.41 MPa.m<sup>0.5</sup>, while the lowest value was 0.43 MPa.m<sup>0.5</sup>. Variations in surface microhardness were significant (24.11–68.0 N/mm<sup>2</sup>), which correlated with the filler content. Water sorption and solubility demonstrated high variations among materials, with Surefil One exceeding ISO 4049 thresholds significantly.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>A linear correlation can be established between surface microhardness (HV) and flexural and compressive moduli, as well as filler content (wt.%). However, both flexural and compressive strengths are impacted by the resin's constituent monomers and the resin-filler matrix's cross-linking capability. Additionally, factors such as filler size, shape, and the cross-linking ability of the resin-filler matrix play a crucial role in fracture toughness and the propagation of cracks within the restoration. Also, resin monomers and filler particle size affect the hydr
{"title":"Comparative analysis of self-cure and dual cure-dental composites on their physico-mechanical behaviour","authors":"J Thadathil Varghese, R Raju, P Farrar, L Prentice, BG Prusty","doi":"10.1111/adj.13004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adj.13004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical practitioners may have become familiar with the rapid transformation of dental composites. However, they may not scientifically understand the factors influencing the mechanical and physical properties. Scientific knowledge of filler-resin interaction can significantly improve clinical understanding of resin composites. Several independent studies have examined the mechanical and physico-mechanical properties of dental resin composites; however, no comprehensive study has examined the influence of fillers and resin materials on the physico-mechanical properties of both self-cure and dual-cure composites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study performed investigations on the physico-mechanical behaviour of four commercially available dual-cure dental composites (Bioactive, Fill Up!, Surefil One, Cention N) and two commercially available self-cure dental composites (Stela Capsule and Stela Automix). Test specimens for flexural and compressive strength, microhardness, fracture toughness, and hydrolytic behaviour were prepared and tested as per respective standards. The data sets were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc comparison.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was a substantial variation in flexural strength and modulus values in this study, ranging from 32.0 to 113.4 MPa and 2.36 to 12.07 GPa, respectively. Similarly, there were significant differences in compressive strength between the materials in this study, ranging from 119.3 to 223.5 MPa. The highest fracture toughness value was found to be 1.41 MPa.m<sup>0.5</sup>, while the lowest value was 0.43 MPa.m<sup>0.5</sup>. Variations in surface microhardness were significant (24.11–68.0 N/mm<sup>2</sup>), which correlated with the filler content. Water sorption and solubility demonstrated high variations among materials, with Surefil One exceeding ISO 4049 thresholds significantly.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A linear correlation can be established between surface microhardness (HV) and flexural and compressive moduli, as well as filler content (wt.%). However, both flexural and compressive strengths are impacted by the resin's constituent monomers and the resin-filler matrix's cross-linking capability. Additionally, factors such as filler size, shape, and the cross-linking ability of the resin-filler matrix play a crucial role in fracture toughness and the propagation of cracks within the restoration. Also, resin monomers and filler particle size affect the hydr","PeriodicalId":8593,"journal":{"name":"Australian dental journal","volume":"69 2","pages":"124-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adj.13004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138827965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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