Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Different characteristics of the tumor immune microenvironment among subtypes of salivary gland cancer","authors":"Yoshiaki Nagatani,&nbsp;Naomi Kiyota,&nbsp;Yoshinori Imamura,&nbsp;Taiji Koyama,&nbsp;Yohei Funakoshi,&nbsp;Masato Komatsu,&nbsp;Tomoo Itoh,&nbsp;Masanori Teshima,&nbsp;Ken-Ichi Nibu,&nbsp;Kazuko Sakai,&nbsp;Kazuto Nishio,&nbsp;Manami Shimomura,&nbsp;Tetsuya Nakatsura,&nbsp;Daiki Ikarashi,&nbsp;Takayuki Nakayama,&nbsp;Shigehisa Kitano,&nbsp;Hironobu Minami","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14108","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14108","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) for salivary gland cancer (SGC) have been investigated in clinical trials, details of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remain unclear. This research aimed to elucidate the TIME of SGC and its relationship with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and to explore the rationale for the applicability of ICPi.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We selected five pathological types, namely adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC); adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (ANOS); salivary duct carcinoma (SDC); and low/high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC_low/high). We investigated the TIME and TMB of each pathological type. TIME was evaluated by multiplexed fluorescent immunohistochemistry. TMB was measured by next-generation sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ACC and MEC_high showed the lowest and highest infiltration of immune effector and suppressor cells in both tumor and stroma. ANOS, SDC, and MEC_low showed modest infiltration of immune effector cells in tumors. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells in tumor and TMB (<i>r</i> = 0.647). CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells in tumors showed a positive correlation with programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in tumor cells (<i>r</i> = 0.513) and a weak positive correlation with CD3⁺CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ cells in tumors (<i>r</i> = 0.399). However, no correlation was observed between CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells and CD204⁺ cells in tumors (<i>r</i> = -0.049).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The TIME of ACC was the so-called immune desert type, which may explain the mechanisms of the poor response to ICPi in previous clinical trials. On the other hand, MEC_high was the immune-inflamed type, and this may support the rationale of ICPi for this pathological subtype.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"779-788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with donafenib in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Tao Wan,&nbsp;Xueqin Gan,&nbsp;Weijie Xiong","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed at ascertaining the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with donafenib versus HAIC alone in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy HCC patients were enrolled for our study, and they were randomized by simple randomization using computer-generated random numbers into two groups: control group and observation group. Regular follow-up reviews were conducted to assess the efficacy of treatments. The levels of apoptotic factors, the levels of hepatic fibrosis indices, the levels of serum tumor vascular factors and tumor markers, and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were recorded and compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disease control rate, objective response rate, and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients in the observation group were higher in contrast to the control group. After 12 weeks of treatment, lower mRNA expression of c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor, telomerase, and Fas Ligand and higher mRNA expression of Fas and Caspase-3 were observed in HCC tissues of the observation group versus the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05); lower detection values of serum laminin, hyaluronic acid, collage type IV, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, and alpha-fetal protein (AFP) were noted in HCC patients of the observation group in comparison to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05); there was no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Donafenib combined with HAIC in the treatment of unresectable HCC patients can notably reduce serum AFP levels, improve hepatic fibrosis, enhance short-term efficacy, prolong PFS, and have a favorable safety profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"747-753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142054792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaplastic thyroid cancer: A review of recent evidence and summary of an Australian institutional protocol","authors":"Anna K Lawless,&nbsp;Shejil Kumar,&nbsp;Jessica Bindra,&nbsp;Mark Sywak,&nbsp;Angela Chou,&nbsp;John Turchini,&nbsp;Alexander Papachristos,&nbsp;Ayanthi Wijewardene,&nbsp;Stanley Sidhu,&nbsp;Mahsa Ahadi,&nbsp;Lyndal Tacon,&nbsp;Anthony Glover,&nbsp;Katherine Clark,&nbsp;Venessa Tsang,&nbsp;Leo Pang,&nbsp;Roderick J Clifton-Bligh,&nbsp;Bruce Robinson,&nbsp;Anthony J Gill,&nbsp;Alexander Guminski,&nbsp;Thomas Eade,&nbsp;Matti L Gild","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), a rare and highly aggressive malignancy, is characterized by an exceptionally poor prognosis, where the majority of patients present with extensive local invasion and/or distant metastases. 20–30% of ATCs harbor the BRAF-V600E mutation. Neoadjuvant BRAF-targeted therapy may have the potential to downstage and facilitate surgical resection for patients with locally advanced and unresectable primary tumors with BRAF mutation and may convey a survival advantage in those with metastatic disease. There is emerging evidence to support the use of other targeted agents, including multikinase inhibitors, as well as the incorporation of immunotherapy into the treatment regimen. Rapid molecular and pathological diagnosis and expert multidisciplinary discussion at specialized treatment centers are critical to expedite investigations and initiate treatment for this complex and rapidly progressive disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"681-689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajco.14106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141981510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to guidelines in curative treatment of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients: Insights from a retrospective Tunisian study","authors":"Sofiene Fendri,&nbsp;Alia Latrous,&nbsp;Khedija Meddeb,&nbsp;Mouna Ayadi,&nbsp;Amina Mokrani,&nbsp;Henda Belhajali Rais","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the management and treatment practices of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients, assess compliance with the 2023 European Society for Medical Oncology recommendations, and identify factors that may limit or influence their application.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted, in a Tunisian center, a retrospective study that included patients treated for cancer or hematologic malignancies and diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and/or pulmonary embolism between January 1, 2022, and August 1, 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study involved 90 patients. DVTs were significantly predominant (81.1%). VTE mostly occurred within 3 months of the cancer diagnosis (41.1%). All patients received anticoagulant treatment. The most frequently prescribed class of anticoagulants was direct oral anticoagulants (42.2%), followed by low molecular weight heparin (36.7%), and finally vitamin K antagonists (21.1%). Financial constraints and/or refusal of social security to provide the treatment were the main cause for changes in the anticoagulant therapy (16.7%). Deaths (25.5%) and repermeabilization of the initially thrombosed venous network on imaging (11.1%) were the two primary reasons for treatment discontinuation. Bleeding complication was the cause of treatment modification or discontinuation in 7.7% and 5.5% of patients, respectively. Overall, guidelines were fully followed in 49 patients (54.4%) concerning the choice of pharmacological class, dose and duration of treatment. Financial constraints experienced by patients were significantly and independently associated with lower adherence to recommendations (<i>p</i> = 0.032).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adherence to guidelines is insufficient. Measures must be implemented to enhance the management of VTE and to develop strategies for improving access to anticoagulants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"754-760"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141981509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANZUP Annual Scientific Meeting 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14103","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 S1","pages":"1-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of symptoms and Quality of life of Filipino patients with Myeloproliferative neoplasm: A Multicenter Cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Flordeluna Z Mesina, Teresita E Dumagay, Marissa M Alejandria","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajco.14102","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are hematologic malignancies characterized by cellular proliferation of one or more hematopoietic cell lines. Management has been focused on blood count control but addressing relief from symptoms and providing a better quality of life (QOL) are equally important in the care of these patients. The MPN Symptom Assessment Form-Total Symptom Score (MPN-SAF TSS) is used to determine symptoms at baseline and during treatment. Understanding the symptom burden is important in developing a holistic management plan for MPN. Hence, this study aimed to determine the symptom burden and QOL of Filipino patients with MPN.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;Using a validated Filipino version of the MPN-SAF-TSS questionnaire and the University of the Philippines-Department of Health QOL (UP-DOH QOL) questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey of consecutive patients with MPN from two public and two private tertiary hospitals was conducted. We purposively sampled adults, newly diagnosed or previously diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), or myelofibrosis (MF). The mean scores were compared with the type of MPN using analysis of variance. Linear regression was done to determine the association of patients' characteristics to the mean symptom burden and QOL scores, while logistic regression was used to determine the association of patient and disease characteristics with the level of symptom severity and QOL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 167 (63 PV, 66 ET, and 38 MF) patients were surveyed from four centers. The mean overall symptom burden score was 24.41 (standard deviation [SD] = 18.91) with MF having the highest score at 28.53, followed by PV at 23.75 and ET at 22.67. The majority (80.24%) had a high QOL with a mean global QoL score of 84.92 (SD = 16.75). Comparison of individual scores showed bone pain and weight loss were significantly higher in patients with MF compared to PV (p = 0.0002) and ET (p = 0.032); while pruritus was significantly higher in PV compared to ET and MF (p = 0.043). Logistic regression analysis showed female sex and being newly diagnosed (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 11.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.32-54.25) were associated with high symptom burden while having a controlled blood count (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.10-0.71) was associated with low symptom burden and high QOL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The majority of the participants were symptomatic with moderate to severe symptom burden. While no statistically significant difference was seen among the three types of MPN in terms of overall mean symptom score, patients with MF were more likely to have a severe symptom burden while patients with ET had the least symptoms. Despite having symptoms, QOL was regarded as high. QoL was significantly higher among those with PV or ET than those with MF. Our study highlighted the utility of a validated symptom scoring system in determi","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141632509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease increases the risk of biochemical recurrence in high-grade metastatic prostate cancer patients","authors":"Hongyi Zhang,&nbsp;Wenbo Yang,&nbsp;Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Jiahui Wu,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenlong Wang,&nbsp;Jie Cui","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14094","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported to be helpful to identify high-risk individuals of developing prostate cancer. Our aim is to investigate the relationship between NAFLD and biochemical recurrence in metastatic prostate cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively investigated 602 patients with metastatic prostate cancer receiving the androgen deprivation therapy. Liver fat was estimated with liver-to-spleen ratio by computed tomography (CT) scans. The relationship between NAFLD and biochemical recurrence was investigated with Cox models. The model for biochemical recurrence was adjusted for multiple variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NAFLD was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence in patients with Gleason score ≥4+3 when adjusting for each of body mass index (hazards ratio [HR] = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–1.77; <i>p</i> = 0.01), visceral adipose tissue (HR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.07–1.74; <i>p</i> = 0.01), hypertension (HR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.10–1.80; <i>p</i> = 0.01), and diabetes mellitus (HR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.11–1.82; <i>p</i> = 0.01), using age and prostate-specific antigen level as potential confounder. The 2-year biochemical recurrence rate in the Gleason score ≥4+3 patients with and without NAFLD was 84.0% (100/119) and 72.2% (130/180), respectively (<i>p </i>= 0.018). The median biochemical recurrence free survival of the Gleason score ≥4+3 patients with and without NAFLD were 17 and 21 months, respectively (<i>p </i>= 0.005).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NAFLD is an independent risk factor for biochemical recurrence in patients with high-grade metastatic prostate cancer. If validated in prospective studies, future research should test whether treatment of NAFLD can lead to better prognosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"707-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRIORITI: Phase 4 study of triptorelin or active surveillance in high-risk prostate cancer","authors":"Vsevolod Matveev,&nbsp;Xin Gao,&nbsp;Evgeny Kopyltsov,&nbsp;Jindan Luo,&nbsp;Qiang Wei,&nbsp;Dingwei Ye,&nbsp;Fangjian Zhou,&nbsp;Patrick Cabri,&nbsp;Aude Houchard,&nbsp;Adnan Mahmood,&nbsp;Li-Ping Xie","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14101","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14101","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To evaluate the efficacy and safety of triptorelin after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with negative lymph nodes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;PRIORITI (NCT01753297) was a prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled, phase 4 study conducted in China and Russia. Patients with high-risk (Gleason score ≥ 8 and/or pre-RP prostate-specific antigen [PSA] ≥ 20 ng/mL and/or primary tumor stage 3a) prostate adenocarcinoma without evidence of lymph node or distant metastases were randomized to receive triptorelin 11.25 mg at baseline (≤ 8 weeks after RP) and at 3 and 6 months, or active surveillance. The primary endpoint was biochemical relapse-free survival (BRFS), defined as the time from randomization to biochemical relapse (BR; increased PSA &gt; 0.2 ng/mL). Patients were monitored every 3 months for at least 36 months; the study ended when 61 BRs were observed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The intention-to-treat population comprised 226 patients (mean [standard deviation] age, 65.3 [6.4] years), of whom 109 and 117 were randomized to triptorelin or surveillance, respectively. The median BRFS was not reached. The 25th percentile time to BRFS (95% confidence interval) was 39.1 (29.9–not estimated) months with triptorelin and 30.0 (18.6–42.1) months with surveillance (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.16). There was evidence of a lower risk of BR with triptorelin versus surveillance but this was not statistically significant at the 5% level (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.10). Chemical castration was maintained at month 9 in 93.9% of patients who had received triptorelin. Overall, triptorelin was well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;BRFS was observed to be longer with triptorelin than surveillance, but the difference was not statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Plain language summary&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;After a diagnosis of prostate cancer, one of the current treatments is surgical removal of the prostate and its cancer from the body. This is called radical prostatectomy. This may cure the person. Unfortunately, sometimes the tumor may have already spread into neighboring cells (lymph nodes). If this has happened, we know that giving people a chemical castration therapy to lower their levels of male sex hormones may reduce the risk of the cancer spreading further. This is achieved by giving people an androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), such as ","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"738-746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajco.14101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Established the prediction model of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer spread through air spaces (STAS) by radiomics and genomics features","authors":"Yimin Wang,&nbsp;Chuling Li,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Wang,&nbsp;Ranpu Wu,&nbsp;Huijuan Li,&nbsp;Yunchang Meng,&nbsp;Hongbing Liu,&nbsp;Yong Song","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14099","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14099","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was aimed to establish a prediction model for spread through air spaces (STAS) in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer based on imaging and genomic features.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively collected 204 patients (47 STAS+ and 157 STAS−) with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent surgical treatment in the Jinling Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021. Their preoperative CT images, genetic testing data (including next-generation sequencing data from other hospitals), and clinical data were collected. Patients were randomly divided into training and testing cohorts (7:3).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included a total of 204 eligible patients. STAS were found in 47 (23.0%) patients, and no STAS were found in 157 (77.0%) patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that radiomics model, clinical genomics model, and mixed model had good predictive performance (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.85; AUC = 0.70; AUC = 0.85).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prediction model based on radiomics and genomics features has a good prediction performance for STAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"771-778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141475830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in phase 1 oncology clinical trials across Australia; Analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov 2012–2022","authors":"Nadia Hitchen,&nbsp;Adel Shahnam,&nbsp;Sathya Manoharan,&nbsp;Monique Topp,&nbsp;Linda Mileshkin,&nbsp;Annette M Lim,&nbsp;James R Whittle,&nbsp;Stephen J Luen,&nbsp;Benjamin Solomon,&nbsp;Kurt Lackovic,&nbsp;Jayesh Desai,&nbsp;Ben Tran","doi":"10.1111/ajco.14100","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajco.14100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phase 1 oncology trials provide access to new therapies and may improve cancer outcomes. Phase 1 trials conducted in the Asian-Pacific region are increasing at a faster rate than the global trend. This study aimed to describe the changing landscape of phase 1 oncology trials in Australia in the last decade.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study reviewed phase 1 oncology trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov conducted in Australia. Phase 1 trials were included for analysis if they enrolled adults with solid organ malignancies, used at least one systemic agent, and were first registered between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2022. The number of trials, site locations, sponsor type, and drug class were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over the 10-year period, ClinicalTrials.gov included 493 phase 1 clinical trials across 71 Australian sites. Most sites were in metropolitan locations; in Melbourne, trials were concentrated within selected sites, while in Sydney, trials were spread across a larger number of sites. The number of phase 1 trials per annum increased from 18 in 2012 to 75 in 2022. Since 2020, emerging biopharmaceutical companies have become the predominant sponsor type, a trend that is also seen globally. While most trial sponsors were North American (42%), there was increasing representation from Asian sponsors over the 10-year period (6% in 2012 to 39% in 2022). Immunomodulatory (45%) and targeted approaches (44%) accounted for most drug classes used alone or in combination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are an increasing number of phase 1 trials conducted within Australia. Sponsors of phase 1 trials are increasingly from Asian countries and are more likely to be emerging biopharmaceutical companies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8633,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 6","pages":"731-737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141454948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}