Pub Date : 2020-04-25DOI: 10.36899/japs.2020.4.0107
S. Rehman, Y. Que, Shahista Khan, E. Novaes, Inamullah, K. Muhammad
Abiotic factors severely affect, alter and limit the yield and quality of the plants. Among them, a significant stress to plant growth and quality is given by cold or low temperature. In order to minimize or localize the cold stress, plants adopt mechanisms in the form of elevated expression levels of cold responsive genes. In the present study, expression of cold responsive genes in sugarcane cultivars namely SPSG-394, CP-77400 and CP-851491 was performed along with expression analysis of these genes in wild sugarcane Saccharum spontaneum L. Expression of the stress responsive genes was detected through performing a cold stress experiment at 4°C for 0, 12 and 24 hours treatment. Tissues subsequent to stress treatment were collected and cryopreserved at -80C for RNA extraction. Quantification of expression levels of stress responsive genes namely CBF1, CBF2, CBF3 and WCOR14 was performed with the help of semi-quantitative RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction). The results indicated that CBF1, CBF2 and CBF3 were abundantly expressed in all three sugarcane cultivars whereas their expression was higher in S. spontaneum L than in their commercial counterparts. Expression of the gene WCOR14 was seen to be higher in both commercial and sugarcane wild relative. Those amplified products were sequenced and then aligned using Basic Local Alignment Tool (BLAST) at NCBI, which demonstrated that genes CBF1, CBF3 and WCOR14 had conserved domains with other known stress-responsive genes like DREB and CO14. However, CBF2 encoded an uncharacterized protein and a conserved domain (gypsy type transposon). From all the above, we can conclude that the expression quantities of the stressresponsive genes were elevated in sugarcane cultivars SPSG-394 and CP-851491 exposed to cold stimuli and this factor could be contributive towards their ability to withstand higher cold stress.
{"title":"MOLECULAR STUDY OF CBF AND WCOR14 GENES IN SELECTED SUGARCANE CULTIVARS AND ITS WILD RELATIVE SACCHARUM SPONTANEUM L.","authors":"S. Rehman, Y. Que, Shahista Khan, E. Novaes, Inamullah, K. Muhammad","doi":"10.36899/japs.2020.4.0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36899/japs.2020.4.0107","url":null,"abstract":"Abiotic factors severely affect, alter and limit the yield and quality of the plants. Among them, a significant stress to plant growth and quality is given by cold or low temperature. In order to minimize or localize the cold stress, plants adopt mechanisms in the form of elevated expression levels of cold responsive genes. In the present study, expression of cold responsive genes in sugarcane cultivars namely SPSG-394, CP-77400 and CP-851491 was performed along with expression analysis of these genes in wild sugarcane Saccharum spontaneum L. Expression of the stress responsive genes was detected through performing a cold stress experiment at 4°C for 0, 12 and 24 hours treatment. Tissues subsequent to stress treatment were collected and cryopreserved at -80C for RNA extraction. Quantification of expression levels of stress responsive genes namely CBF1, CBF2, CBF3 and WCOR14 was performed with the help of semi-quantitative RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction). The results indicated that CBF1, CBF2 and CBF3 were abundantly expressed in all three sugarcane cultivars whereas their expression was higher in S. spontaneum L than in their commercial counterparts. Expression of the gene WCOR14 was seen to be higher in both commercial and sugarcane wild relative. Those amplified products were sequenced and then aligned using Basic Local Alignment Tool (BLAST) at NCBI, which demonstrated that genes CBF1, CBF3 and WCOR14 had conserved domains with other known stress-responsive genes like DREB and CO14. However, CBF2 encoded an uncharacterized protein and a conserved domain (gypsy type transposon). From all the above, we can conclude that the expression quantities of the stressresponsive genes were elevated in sugarcane cultivars SPSG-394 and CP-851491 exposed to cold stimuli and this factor could be contributive towards their ability to withstand higher cold stress.","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73839593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-25DOI: 10.36899/japs.2020.4.0102
M. Ahmed, M. Liaquat, A. S. Shah, I. Abdel-Farid, M. Jahangir
In present study, the economically most important fish species, namely Mahseer (Tor putitora), Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Thela fish (Catla catla) and Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Pakistan, were evaluated for their proximate compositions and fatty acid profiles. All of the analyzed fish were collected from the Northwestern regions (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa) of Pakistan. Proximate analysis was done by using standard AOAC methods, whereas the detailed fatty acid composition was evaluated by using gas liquid chromatography. A significant difference (p< 0.05) was noticed for various proximate parameters and fatty acids profiles among fish species. Palmatic acid (C16:0) was the copious fatty acid of each fish species, with a range from 16.7% to 24.6%. Furthermore, all fish species were found as good sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including alpha linolenic acids (ALA C18:3), arachidonic acids (AA C20:4), eicosapentaenoic (EPA C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA C22:6) and protein. Whereas, Rainbow trout ranked highest in PUFAs while Mahseer proved to have highest
{"title":"PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND FATTY ACID PROFILES OF SELECTED FISH SPECIES FROM PAKISTAN","authors":"M. Ahmed, M. Liaquat, A. S. Shah, I. Abdel-Farid, M. Jahangir","doi":"10.36899/japs.2020.4.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36899/japs.2020.4.0102","url":null,"abstract":"In present study, the economically most important fish species, namely Mahseer (Tor putitora), Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Thela fish (Catla catla) and Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Pakistan, were evaluated for their proximate compositions and fatty acid profiles. All of the analyzed fish were collected from the Northwestern regions (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa) of Pakistan. Proximate analysis was done by using standard AOAC methods, whereas the detailed fatty acid composition was evaluated by using gas liquid chromatography. A significant difference (p< 0.05) was noticed for various proximate parameters and fatty acids profiles among fish species. Palmatic acid (C16:0) was the copious fatty acid of each fish species, with a range from 16.7% to 24.6%. Furthermore, all fish species were found as good sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including alpha linolenic acids (ALA C18:3), arachidonic acids (AA C20:4), eicosapentaenoic (EPA C20:5) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA C22:6) and protein. Whereas, Rainbow trout ranked highest in PUFAs while Mahseer proved to have highest","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87195049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-25DOI: 10.36899/japs.2020.4.0101
Fakhar-I-Abbas, A. Mian, N. A. Raja, S. Shah, Jan-Schmidt-Burbach
Bears are Pakistan’s largest terrestrial animals. Conservation status of brown bears is least concerned and black bear is vulnerable in the world, and critically endangered (brown) (Ahmed et.al. 2013: Sheikh and Molur 2004) and threatened in Pakistan. It is reported that roughly 92% of past black bear habitat is now empty or without them. Similarly 30% previously known distribution has now lost its population in Pakistan. Considering the problems this species is facing, a reintroduction plan was organized in which the confiscated bear cubs from poachers were raised in a specialized and least human contact enclosure. Considering regional habitat difficulties, the sites were properly studied and discussed. Due to an appropriate monitoring system, five rehabilitated bears were readied for release in those habitats in the last three years. Monitoring of the released individuals confirmed their survival and success in their adaptation. The first year release was not discussed publicly so complaints or any negative impact was never discussed. Second year release because of the involvement of the country’s prime minister went public. The media itself reported positively. The conservationists unanimously opposed the release for their own reasons. The second released bears were several times reported as poached, road killed, hunted with their parts sold in the market and five times destruction caused by them was reported at an area of our 50,000 square kilometers. This report is being presented with a hope that politics in conservation efforts could be reduced. Silent conservation efforts are more successful for nature but do not aware masses for future motivation and real impact, it is done with loud and clear message the fellow conservationists turn into competitions and they try to fail the efforts.
{"title":"A CASE STUDY OF BEAR REINTRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN: ART AND POLITICS IN CONSERVATION","authors":"Fakhar-I-Abbas, A. Mian, N. A. Raja, S. Shah, Jan-Schmidt-Burbach","doi":"10.36899/japs.2020.4.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36899/japs.2020.4.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Bears are Pakistan’s largest terrestrial animals. Conservation status of brown bears is least concerned and black bear is vulnerable in the world, and critically endangered (brown) (Ahmed et.al. 2013: Sheikh and Molur 2004) and threatened in Pakistan. It is reported that roughly 92% of past black bear habitat is now empty or without them. Similarly 30% previously known distribution has now lost its population in Pakistan. Considering the problems this species is facing, a reintroduction plan was organized in which the confiscated bear cubs from poachers were raised in a specialized and least human contact enclosure. Considering regional habitat difficulties, the sites were properly studied and discussed. Due to an appropriate monitoring system, five rehabilitated bears were readied for release in those habitats in the last three years. Monitoring of the released individuals confirmed their survival and success in their adaptation. The first year release was not discussed publicly so complaints or any negative impact was never discussed. Second year release because of the involvement of the country’s prime minister went public. The media itself reported positively. The conservationists unanimously opposed the release for their own reasons. The second released bears were several times reported as poached, road killed, hunted with their parts sold in the market and five times destruction caused by them was reported at an area of our 50,000 square kilometers. This report is being presented with a hope that politics in conservation efforts could be reduced. Silent conservation efforts are more successful for nature but do not aware masses for future motivation and real impact, it is done with loud and clear message the fellow conservationists turn into competitions and they try to fail the efforts.","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75431774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783112485361-002
S. Schwetlick, W. Seifert, E. Butter, W. Hörig, R. Pickenhain, R. Schwabe
{"title":"Incorporation of Nitrogen into Gralliumarsenide Grown by Chloride VPE","authors":"S. Schwetlick, W. Seifert, E. Butter, W. Hörig, R. Pickenhain, R. Schwabe","doi":"10.1515/9783112485361-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112485361-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91180770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783112485361-016
H. Beeger
{"title":"X-ray Determination of the Polarity of Zincblende-structure Crystals","authors":"H. Beeger","doi":"10.1515/9783112485361-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112485361-016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76156328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783112485361-021
K. Melzee, Z. Šimša, M. Lukasiak, J. Suwalski
{"title":"Mossbauer Spectra and Electronic Properties of Titanomagnetite","authors":"K. Melzee, Z. Šimša, M. Lukasiak, J. Suwalski","doi":"10.1515/9783112485361-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112485361-021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76093599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crystal Research and Technology","authors":"C. Rissom, H. Schmidt, W. Voigt","doi":"10.1002/(issn)1521-4079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(issn)1521-4079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77676098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783112485361-009
A. N. Gupta, J. V. Rao, N. V. L. N. Prasad, P. Venkatacharyulu
{"title":"Phase Transition Studies in the Liquid Crystal P-Cyanophenyl Trans-4-pentylcyclohexane Carboxylate","authors":"A. N. Gupta, J. V. Rao, N. V. L. N. Prasad, P. Venkatacharyulu","doi":"10.1515/9783112485361-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112485361-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88106826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1987-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783112485361-017
W. Wołczyński, A. N. Kobylkin
{"title":"Thermal Analysis of the Microsegregation Phenomenon in Some Alloys from the Sb—Sn System","authors":"W. Wołczyński, A. N. Kobylkin","doi":"10.1515/9783112485361-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112485361-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8656,"journal":{"name":"August 1985","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80256027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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