M. Jazayeri, H. Abdolsamadi, M. Foroozandeh, Z. Razavi, A. Soltanian, M. Hajilooi
Background: Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM-1) is associated with pancreatic beta-cell destruction, inflammatory processes, and cardiovascular disorders. C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine are considered as inflammatory processes and cardiovascular disorder indicators that can be used for monitoring patients with DM-1. The present study aimed to compare the salivary levels of homocysteine and CRP of DM-1 patients with those of healthy people. Methods: In this case-control study, 82 patients participated, including 41 DM-1 patients (case group) and 41 healthy people (control group). The case and control groups were matched in terms of age, gender, and body mass index, and 5 mL of the saliva was collected from each participant. Then, the salivary levels of CRP and homocysteine were measured for each patient. Finally, several parameters were recorded for diabetic patients, including fasting blood glucose (FBS), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hpp), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as the duration of the disease and the type and amount of insulin injections. Eventually, data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The salivary CRP and homocysteine concentration had no significant difference between patients and controls (P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between the salivary level of homocysteine and CRP and FBS, 2hpp, HbA1c, albuminuria, duration of disease, type and amount of insulin injection (P<0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, the measurement of the salivary levels of CRP and homocysteine could not be helpful for monitoring patients with DM-1.
{"title":"Comparison of the Salivary Levels of Homocysteine and C-Reactive Protein in Type 1 Diabetic Patients and Healthy Individuals","authors":"M. Jazayeri, H. Abdolsamadi, M. Foroozandeh, Z. Razavi, A. Soltanian, M. Hajilooi","doi":"10.34172/ajdr.2020.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ajdr.2020.25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM-1) is associated with pancreatic beta-cell destruction, inflammatory processes, and cardiovascular disorders. C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine are considered as inflammatory processes and cardiovascular disorder indicators that can be used for monitoring patients with DM-1. The present study aimed to compare the salivary levels of homocysteine and CRP of DM-1 patients with those of healthy people. Methods: In this case-control study, 82 patients participated, including 41 DM-1 patients (case group) and 41 healthy people (control group). The case and control groups were matched in terms of age, gender, and body mass index, and 5 mL of the saliva was collected from each participant. Then, the salivary levels of CRP and homocysteine were measured for each patient. Finally, several parameters were recorded for diabetic patients, including fasting blood glucose (FBS), 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hpp), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as the duration of the disease and the type and amount of insulin injections. Eventually, data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The salivary CRP and homocysteine concentration had no significant difference between patients and controls (P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between the salivary level of homocysteine and CRP and FBS, 2hpp, HbA1c, albuminuria, duration of disease, type and amount of insulin injection (P<0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, the measurement of the salivary levels of CRP and homocysteine could not be helpful for monitoring patients with DM-1.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83230744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Soheilifar, S. Soheilifar, Shayesteh Hatami, Farshid Vahdatinia, Vahid Molabashi, Mehrdad Hajiloui, Pouria Teymouri
Background: In recent years, there has been an increased tendency for using dental lasers for the treatment of soft tissue problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level diode laser (980 nm) on the level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the incidence of initial gingivitis caused by the use of orthodontic separators. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 30 patients, who were beginning a fixed orthodontic treatment without gingivitis, were randomly assigned to control and diode laser radiation (980 nm wavelength, 3 J of energy, a density of 3 J/cm2 , a power of 0.2 W, and at a distance of 1 cm away from the tissue for 15 seconds on the buccal and palatal sides of the tooth) groups. The gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured at the beginning of the study and one week after the treatment. The level of IL-1β was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the beginning of the study and one week after the placement of the separator. Finally, the inter-group and intra-group statistical analyses were performed using independent and paired t tests, and P<0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: The evaluation of clinical variables in the entire mouth showed a slight clinical improvement in the experimental group although there was no significant difference between the two groups. No significant difference was observed between intra-group and inter-group evaluations of clinical indices in the studied specific teeth. Eventually, no difference was found between the two groups in terms of IL-1β changes. Conclusions: In general, the single-diode laser radiation session is not effective in the treatment of gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Thus, it is recommended to perform frequent laser radiation sessions in further studies.
{"title":"Effects of Low-Level Diode Laser on the Level of Interleukin 1-Beta in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid and the Incidence of Gingivitis Caused by the Use of Orthodontic Separators: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"S. Soheilifar, S. Soheilifar, Shayesteh Hatami, Farshid Vahdatinia, Vahid Molabashi, Mehrdad Hajiloui, Pouria Teymouri","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In recent years, there has been an increased tendency for using dental lasers for the treatment of soft tissue problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level diode laser (980 nm) on the level of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the incidence of initial gingivitis caused by the use of orthodontic separators. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 30 patients, who were beginning a fixed orthodontic treatment without gingivitis, were randomly assigned to control and diode laser radiation (980 nm wavelength, 3 J of energy, a density of 3 J/cm2 , a power of 0.2 W, and at a distance of 1 cm away from the tissue for 15 seconds on the buccal and palatal sides of the tooth) groups. The gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured at the beginning of the study and one week after the treatment. The level of IL-1β was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the beginning of the study and one week after the placement of the separator. Finally, the inter-group and intra-group statistical analyses were performed using independent and paired t tests, and P<0.05 was considered as the significance level. Results: The evaluation of clinical variables in the entire mouth showed a slight clinical improvement in the experimental group although there was no significant difference between the two groups. No significant difference was observed between intra-group and inter-group evaluations of clinical indices in the studied specific teeth. Eventually, no difference was found between the two groups in terms of IL-1β changes. Conclusions: In general, the single-diode laser radiation session is not effective in the treatment of gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Thus, it is recommended to perform frequent laser radiation sessions in further studies.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73028736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Khosraviani, Seyedeh Fatemeh Seyed Javadi Limoodi, S. Ehsani, Mojgan Khosravi
Background: Pain and inflammation are common problems after the third molar surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of ibuprofen and intra-muscular injection or the intra-socket placement of dexamethasone on pain, swelling, and trismus after the extraction of impacted third molar. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial study, 72 eligible patients were randomly divided into four groups of 18 subjects. The groups received dexamethasone powder (4 mg) inside the alveolar socket immediately before flap suturing, injection in the masseter muscle (4 mg/1 mL) immediately after the suture, the ibuprofen tablet from an hour before the surgery (400 mg every 6 hours for 1 day), and placebo. Three parameters of pain severity, swelling, and trismus were evaluated on the second and seventh days after the surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17. Qualitative and quantitative data were expressed as a percentage and mean ± standard deviation, respectively. Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and, if necessary, the least significant difference tests were used for inter-group comparison. The findings were significant at P<0.05 Results: Dexamethasone groups had significantly lower pain severity (second and seventh days), swelling (second day), and maximum mouth opening (MMO, alveolar socket: second and seventh days, masseter: second day) in comparison to the other groups (P<0.05). The ibuprofen group had significantly lower levels of pain (second and 7th days) and swelling (second day) in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between dexamethasone groups in any measurement for pain, swelling, and MMO. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the intra-oral administration of dexamethasone may have a better effect on pain, swelling, and trismus compared to ibuprofen and has no placebo effect.
{"title":"Effect of Local Dexamethasone on Pain, Swelling, and Trismus After Extraction of Impacted Mesioangular Third Molar","authors":"F. Khosraviani, Seyedeh Fatemeh Seyed Javadi Limoodi, S. Ehsani, Mojgan Khosravi","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.26","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pain and inflammation are common problems after the third molar surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of ibuprofen and intra-muscular injection or the intra-socket placement of dexamethasone on pain, swelling, and trismus after the extraction of impacted third molar. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial study, 72 eligible patients were randomly divided into four groups of 18 subjects. The groups received dexamethasone powder (4 mg) inside the alveolar socket immediately before flap suturing, injection in the masseter muscle (4 mg/1 mL) immediately after the suture, the ibuprofen tablet from an hour before the surgery (400 mg every 6 hours for 1 day), and placebo. Three parameters of pain severity, swelling, and trismus were evaluated on the second and seventh days after the surgery. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17. Qualitative and quantitative data were expressed as a percentage and mean ± standard deviation, respectively. Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and, if necessary, the least significant difference tests were used for inter-group comparison. The findings were significant at P<0.05 Results: Dexamethasone groups had significantly lower pain severity (second and seventh days), swelling (second day), and maximum mouth opening (MMO, alveolar socket: second and seventh days, masseter: second day) in comparison to the other groups (P<0.05). The ibuprofen group had significantly lower levels of pain (second and 7th days) and swelling (second day) in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between dexamethasone groups in any measurement for pain, swelling, and MMO. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the intra-oral administration of dexamethasone may have a better effect on pain, swelling, and trismus compared to ibuprofen and has no placebo effect.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74541286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ossifying stylohyoid ligament can be seen accidently in panoramic images. Sometimes this status is asymptomatic. However, in the presence of symptoms such as pain in the pharynx, a foreign body sensation, tinnitus or otalgia it is called Eagle’s syndrome. The other symptoms due to the pressure on carotid artery including migraines, aphasia or vertigo and syncope especially in turning head to suffering side may be reported. This case was a thirty-nine-year-old man by thick ossified stylohyoid ligament in both sides along with five pseudoarticles together with a background of head and neckache specially in cold weather.
{"title":"Eagle's syndrome: A case report of a 39-year-old male","authors":"Farzaneh Pakdel, Maryam Hossinpour Sarmadi, Salar Payahoo, Golchin Jabbari, F. Javadzadeh","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.14","url":null,"abstract":"Ossifying stylohyoid ligament can be seen accidently in panoramic images. Sometimes this status is asymptomatic. However, in the presence of symptoms such as pain in the pharynx, a foreign body sensation, tinnitus or otalgia it is called Eagle’s syndrome. The other symptoms due to the pressure on carotid artery including migraines, aphasia or vertigo and syncope especially in turning head to suffering side may be reported. This case was a thirty-nine-year-old man by thick ossified stylohyoid ligament in both sides along with five pseudoarticles together with a background of head and neckache specially in cold weather.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80663658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shokufeh Nobahar, S. Mirzaeei, L. Simaei, Z. Ahmadi
Introduction: Preventing caries or stopping primary caries lesions is one of the most important goals of oral health care. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of flavonoids and whey extract on tooth enamel by measuring the microhardness of enamel following its demineralization. Materials and Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, 42 samples of healthy enamel were prepared. After measuring the initial microhardness using Vickers hardness tester (Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA)., , the samples were immersed in demineralization solution for 4 days and re-tested for microhardness. Then, the samples were randomly divided into three groups of 14 and treated: the first group of grape seed extract w / v8 ٪, the second group whey extract and the third group artificial saliva. The samples were in contact with the treatment material for 8 days in an incubator at 37 ° C and then their microhardness was evaluated again. Results: The analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference in the amount of microhardness changes between the study groups (P <0.001) so that the microhardness changes were highest in the grape seed extract group and decreased in the control group. Also, post hoc test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the whey extract and grape seed extract groups (P = 1.000), but the control group had a statistically significant difference with the whey extract and grape seed extract groups. Conclusion: Both grape seed extract and whey extract increased remineralization and microhardness of tooth enamel compared to the control group. These two substances can be considered as natural and effective substances in the non-invasive treatment of carious lesions.
预防龋齿是口腔卫生保健的重要目标之一。通过测定牙釉质脱矿后的显微硬度，比较黄酮类化合物和乳清提取物对牙釉质的影响。材料与方法:制备健康牙釉质42块。使用维氏硬度计(Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA)测量初始显微硬度后。样品在脱矿液中浸泡4 d，重新测定显微硬度。然后，将样本随机分为3组，每组14个进行处理:第一组为葡萄籽提取物w / v8网络版，第二组为乳清提取物，第三组为人工唾液。样品与处理材料在37℃的培养箱中接触8天，然后再次评估其显微硬度。结果:协方差分析显示，各研究组显微硬度变化量差异有统计学意义(P <0.001)，葡萄籽提取物组显微硬度变化最大，对照组显微硬度变化较小。此外，事后检验显示，乳清提取物组与葡萄籽提取物组之间差异无统计学意义(P = 1.000)，但对照组与乳清提取物组和葡萄籽提取物组之间差异有统计学意义。结论:与对照组相比，葡萄籽提取物和乳清提取物均能提高牙釉质再矿化和显微硬度。这两种物质可以被认为是无创治疗龋齿病变的天然有效物质。
{"title":"Comparative Study of the Effect of Flavonoids and the Whey Extract on Enamel Microhardness: An In Vitro Study","authors":"Shokufeh Nobahar, S. Mirzaeei, L. Simaei, Z. Ahmadi","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Preventing caries or stopping primary caries lesions is one of the most important goals of oral health care. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of flavonoids and whey extract on tooth enamel by measuring the microhardness of enamel following its demineralization. Materials and Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, 42 samples of healthy enamel were prepared. After measuring the initial microhardness using Vickers hardness tester (Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA)., , the samples were immersed in demineralization solution for 4 days and re-tested for microhardness. Then, the samples were randomly divided into three groups of 14 and treated: the first group of grape seed extract w / v8 ٪, the second group whey extract and the third group artificial saliva. The samples were in contact with the treatment material for 8 days in an incubator at 37 ° C and then their microhardness was evaluated again. Results: The analysis of covariance showed that there was a significant difference in the amount of microhardness changes between the study groups (P <0.001) so that the microhardness changes were highest in the grape seed extract group and decreased in the control group. Also, post hoc test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the whey extract and grape seed extract groups (P = 1.000), but the control group had a statistically significant difference with the whey extract and grape seed extract groups. Conclusion: Both grape seed extract and whey extract increased remineralization and microhardness of tooth enamel compared to the control group. These two substances can be considered as natural and effective substances in the non-invasive treatment of carious lesions.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75956681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of working in the dental radiology department on the frequency of micronucleus. statistically significant (P = 0.4). In addition, no statistically significant difference was observed in males and females regarding the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell (P = 0.6). Employment background and age had no significant impact on the percentage of micronucleus-containing cells and the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell.
{"title":"Evaluating the Effect of Working in the Dental Radiology Center on Micronucleus Frequency in Buccal Mucosa","authors":"F. Shahsavari, M. Arianfar, L. Hafezi","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of working in the dental radiology department on the frequency of micronucleus. statistically significant (P = 0.4). In addition, no statistically significant difference was observed in males and females regarding the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell (P = 0.6). Employment background and age had no significant impact on the percentage of micronucleus-containing cells and the mean frequency of micronucleus per cell.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83170171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Maxillofacial hard and soft tissues play an essential role in the formation of facial aesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between inferior scleral exposure and maxillary sagittal position. Methods: The present study was performed on the lateral cephalometric radiographs and frontal facial photographs of 110 adolescent subjects. The participants were divided into two equal groups according to gender (55 subjects per group). Total eye height and inferior scleral heights were defined, and scleral exposure ratios were calculated on facial photographs. The measurements were performed for right and left eyes, and the mean value for inferior scleral exposure ratio was calculated. Soft and hard tissue measurements of maxilla were performed on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data. Results: There was no statistical difference between genders in the inferior scleral exposure ratio, NPerp_A, A’_True Vertical Line (TVL), and Upper Lip_TVL parameters (P>0.05). However, maxillary height was greater in male subjects than females (P 0.05). The inferior scleral exposure ratio was significantly correlated with maxillary height in females (r=-0.296; P 0.05). Conclusions: While the inferior scleral exposure ratio was correlated with NPerp_A distance in male adolescents, the inferior scleral exposure ratio was correlated with maxillary height in female adolescents.
背景:颌面部硬软组织在面部美学的形成中起着至关重要的作用。本研究的目的是确定下巩膜暴露与上颌矢状位之间的关系。方法:对110名青少年的侧位头颅x线片和正面面部照片进行研究。参与者按性别分为两组(每组55人)。定义眼总高度和下巩膜高度，并根据面部照片计算巩膜曝光率。测量右眼和左眼，计算下巩膜暴露比的平均值。在侧位头颅x线片上进行上颌骨软硬组织测量。采用独立t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验和Pearson相关检验对数据进行分析。结果:下巩膜暴露比、NPerp_A、A′_True Vertical Line (TVL)、Upper Lip_TVL参数性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。上颌高度男性高于女性(p0.05)。女性下巩膜暴露率与上颌高度显著相关(r=-0.296;P 0.05)。结论:男性青少年下巩膜暴露率与NPerp_A距离相关，女性青少年下巩膜暴露率与上颌高度相关。
{"title":"Inferior Sclera Exposure and Maxillary Sagittal Position: Is there any Relationship?","authors":"S. Buyuk, F. Ayrancı, Esra Genc, Tugce Imamoglu","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maxillofacial hard and soft tissues play an essential role in the formation of facial aesthetics. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between inferior scleral exposure and maxillary sagittal position. Methods: The present study was performed on the lateral cephalometric radiographs and frontal facial photographs of 110 adolescent subjects. The participants were divided into two equal groups according to gender (55 subjects per group). Total eye height and inferior scleral heights were defined, and scleral exposure ratios were calculated on facial photographs. The measurements were performed for right and left eyes, and the mean value for inferior scleral exposure ratio was calculated. Soft and hard tissue measurements of maxilla were performed on lateral cephalometric radiographs. Independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Pearson correlation test were used to analyze the data. Results: There was no statistical difference between genders in the inferior scleral exposure ratio, NPerp_A, A’_True Vertical Line (TVL), and Upper Lip_TVL parameters (P>0.05). However, maxillary height was greater in male subjects than females (P 0.05). The inferior scleral exposure ratio was significantly correlated with maxillary height in females (r=-0.296; P 0.05). Conclusions: While the inferior scleral exposure ratio was correlated with NPerp_A distance in male adolescents, the inferior scleral exposure ratio was correlated with maxillary height in female adolescents.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73691906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Identification of human remains is the first essential phase of forensic investigation and is significant for subsequent analyses. Mandible is the most dimorphic, largest, and hardest bone of skull and plays a decisive role in sex determination, especially when the complete skull is not available. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of mandibular ramus assessment in sex discrimination using panoramic radiography. Methods: A total of 135 panoramic radiographs (68 males and 67 females; aged 0-75 years) were retrieved from the database of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran and divided into five groups :4-14, 16-30, 31-45, 45-60, and 61- 75 years. The following four parameters were measured on the radiographs utilizing the mouse-driven method to determine sex: coronoid height (CRH), ramus height (RH), mandibular body height (MBH), and bicondylar breadth (BB). The radiographs were processed using the SCANORA® software. Data were analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) graphs, t test, and the IBM SPSS software version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results: The percentage of certainty of each variable regarding the determination of sex from an unknown human mandible bone was as follows: RH=84.6%, CRH=82.4%, BB=73.5%, and MBH=83.8%, indicating that RH alone could categorize the sex in 84.6% of the cases (highest accuracy), CRH in 82.4%, BB in 73.5% (lowest accuracy), and MBH in 83.8%. The average accuracy in sex determination was 89% using all four variables. Conclusions: All the variables studied in the present study revealed a reliable extent of certainty for sex discrimination of unidentified skeletal remains. The overall accuracy of all variables altogether was 89%.
{"title":"Mandibular Ramus Sexual Dimorphism Using Panoramic Radiography","authors":"A. dabaghi, A. Bagheri","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Identification of human remains is the first essential phase of forensic investigation and is significant for subsequent analyses. Mandible is the most dimorphic, largest, and hardest bone of skull and plays a decisive role in sex determination, especially when the complete skull is not available. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of mandibular ramus assessment in sex discrimination using panoramic radiography. Methods: A total of 135 panoramic radiographs (68 males and 67 females; aged 0-75 years) were retrieved from the database of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran and divided into five groups :4-14, 16-30, 31-45, 45-60, and 61- 75 years. The following four parameters were measured on the radiographs utilizing the mouse-driven method to determine sex: coronoid height (CRH), ramus height (RH), mandibular body height (MBH), and bicondylar breadth (BB). The radiographs were processed using the SCANORA® software. Data were analyzed using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) graphs, t test, and the IBM SPSS software version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Results: The percentage of certainty of each variable regarding the determination of sex from an unknown human mandible bone was as follows: RH=84.6%, CRH=82.4%, BB=73.5%, and MBH=83.8%, indicating that RH alone could categorize the sex in 84.6% of the cases (highest accuracy), CRH in 82.4%, BB in 73.5% (lowest accuracy), and MBH in 83.8%. The average accuracy in sex determination was 89% using all four variables. Conclusions: All the variables studied in the present study revealed a reliable extent of certainty for sex discrimination of unidentified skeletal remains. The overall accuracy of all variables altogether was 89%.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78915625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The ostiomeatal complex (OMC) is not a separate anatomical structure although it is a functional unit of structures, including the middle meatus, uncinate process, infundibulum, maxillary sinus ostium, ethmoidal bulla, anterior ethmoid sinus ostium, and frontal recess. Concha bullosa is the pneumatization of the concha, which is one of the most common anatomical variations in the middle turbinate. Methods: This study was conducted using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 172 patients in the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry School, Ahvaz Jundishapur. Patient information including age and gender, presence or absence of concha bullosa, the involved side (left or right), and its type (i.e., extensive, lamellar, and bulbous) were collected in the information form. Finally, the chi-square test (with SPSS, version 22) was used to analyze the data, and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients with and without concha bullosa were 39.1 and 41.7 years, respectively, but it was no significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.321). Out of 52 patients with concha bullosa, 19 (36.5%) cases were males and 33 (63.5%) of them were females. The prevalence of concha bullosa was higher for the bilateral side (20 patients, 38.5%, P = 0.000). The prevalence of bulbulsand lamellar-shape was nearly the same (32.7% and 30.8%, respectively). Eventually, the extensive shape with 36.5% was more frequent for the shape of concha bullosa (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of concha bullosa was high. There was no significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.321) and gender (P = 0.058) of patients with concha bullosa. The extensive type and the bilateral appearance of concha bullosa were more significant (P = 0.000).
{"title":"Evaluation of the Prevalence of Concha Bullosa in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images","authors":"N. Shams, Bahareh Shams, Z. Sajadi","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The ostiomeatal complex (OMC) is not a separate anatomical structure although it is a functional unit of structures, including the middle meatus, uncinate process, infundibulum, maxillary sinus ostium, ethmoidal bulla, anterior ethmoid sinus ostium, and frontal recess. Concha bullosa is the pneumatization of the concha, which is one of the most common anatomical variations in the middle turbinate. Methods: This study was conducted using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 172 patients in the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry School, Ahvaz Jundishapur. Patient information including age and gender, presence or absence of concha bullosa, the involved side (left or right), and its type (i.e., extensive, lamellar, and bulbous) were collected in the information form. Finally, the chi-square test (with SPSS, version 22) was used to analyze the data, and P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients with and without concha bullosa were 39.1 and 41.7 years, respectively, but it was no significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.321). Out of 52 patients with concha bullosa, 19 (36.5%) cases were males and 33 (63.5%) of them were females. The prevalence of concha bullosa was higher for the bilateral side (20 patients, 38.5%, P = 0.000). The prevalence of bulbulsand lamellar-shape was nearly the same (32.7% and 30.8%, respectively). Eventually, the extensive shape with 36.5% was more frequent for the shape of concha bullosa (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of concha bullosa was high. There was no significant difference in terms of age (P = 0.321) and gender (P = 0.058) of patients with concha bullosa. The extensive type and the bilateral appearance of concha bullosa were more significant (P = 0.000).","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77152390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the microhardness and morphology of permanent dentin following the application of Iranian and foreign-made desensitizing toothpastes. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 48 dentin samples prepared of extracted sound human permanent molars. Dentin samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=16) and subjected to the application of Pooneh Iranian desensitizing toothpaste, Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief (Poland) and no intervention (negative control). Each dentin sample was then immersed in 5 mL of a demineralizing solution for 10 hours and underwent a demineralization/remineralization cycle (pH cycling) for 14 days. The mean microhardness of the samples was measured at baseline, after demineralization and after 14 days. One sample of each toothpaste group was selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessment of dentin morphology. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of time and type of toothpaste on microhardness using SPSS version 21. Results: Comparison of the mean microhardness of the control group with experimental groups revealed no significant difference at baseline or after demineralization (P>0.05). However, this difference was significant after 14 days (P 0.05). SEM assessment revealed greater tubular obstruction in Pooneh group after 14 days. Conclusion: Pooneh Iranian-made desensitizing toothpaste was comparable to Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief foreign-made desensitizing toothpaste in terms of microhardness of permanent dentin. It even demonstrated superior performance with regard to the obstruction of dentinal tubules.
{"title":"Microhardness and Scanning Electron Microscopic Morphology of Permanent Dentin Following the Application of Iranian and Foreign-Made Desensitizing Toothpastes","authors":"A. Valian, M. Jafari, Hosna Ebrahimizadeh","doi":"10.34172/AJDR.2020.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/AJDR.2020.18","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to assess the microhardness and morphology of permanent dentin following the application of Iranian and foreign-made desensitizing toothpastes. Materials and Methods: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 48 dentin samples prepared of extracted sound human permanent molars. Dentin samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=16) and subjected to the application of Pooneh Iranian desensitizing toothpaste, Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief (Poland) and no intervention (negative control). Each dentin sample was then immersed in 5 mL of a demineralizing solution for 10 hours and underwent a demineralization/remineralization cycle (pH cycling) for 14 days. The mean microhardness of the samples was measured at baseline, after demineralization and after 14 days. One sample of each toothpaste group was selected for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessment of dentin morphology. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of time and type of toothpaste on microhardness using SPSS version 21. Results: Comparison of the mean microhardness of the control group with experimental groups revealed no significant difference at baseline or after demineralization (P>0.05). However, this difference was significant after 14 days (P 0.05). SEM assessment revealed greater tubular obstruction in Pooneh group after 14 days. Conclusion: Pooneh Iranian-made desensitizing toothpaste was comparable to Colgate Sensitive Pro Relief foreign-made desensitizing toothpaste in terms of microhardness of permanent dentin. It even demonstrated superior performance with regard to the obstruction of dentinal tubules.","PeriodicalId":8679,"journal":{"name":"Avicenna Journal of Dental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78647159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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