Revista portuguesa de cirurgia cardio-toracica e vascular : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cirurgia Cardio-Toracica e Vascular最新文献

The concomitant presentation of lung cancer and severe heart disease requiring intervention is a scenario that many clinicians have to face. Its common physiopathological substratum is unknown and it is believed that tobacco plays a role. From a surgical point of view, these patients pose various technical challenges and medical literature is scarce in providing solid answers. The aim of this report is to review our experience with cases undergoing combined surgical treatment of both heart disease and lung cancer, aiming to analyse patients' characteristics, operative technical considerations and related outcomes. A total of five patients were included, with two synchronous procedures, two cases with lung surgery being performed first and one case commenced with cardiac surgery. All cancers were non-small-cell lung carcinoma or carcinoid tumors and cardiac disease was mostly represented by severe aortic stenosis. Lobectomy was performed in two thirds of patients and minimally invasive techniques were used in 60% of the procedures. All valvular patients received a bioprosthesis. There was one immediate complication, with good recovery on follow-up, and there were no late events (median follow-up of 1,8 ±1,1 months). The analysis of these cases highlights the complex nature of these challenging patients and reinforces the importance of devoting efforts to offer the most suitable solutions for each scenario.

Aortic coarctation and bicuspid aortic valve frequently coexist. Correction frequently require an aggressive, invasive approach. Here we present a case of a two-stage minimally invasive intervention without sternotomy to correct aortic coarctation and replace the native bicuspid aortic valve. This case illustrates the potential of minimally invasive procedures with minimal trauma and fast recovery. Besides, it facilitates future cardiac interventions, such as anticipated surgical prosthesis and/or ascending aorta replacement.

Introduction: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was considered the gold standard method for peripheral artery disease (PAD) evaluation. Notwithstanding, recent developments of computed tomography angiography (CTA) have improved the specificity and sensibility of this method. The main objective of this study is to characterize a cohort of patients with lower limb PAD and clarify if there are differences upon groups using different preoperative imaging methods (DSA or CTA).

Methods: This retrospective study focused on patients with PAD that underwent surgical intervention (endovascular revascularization or open surgery). CTA group included all patients submitted to this method as their pre-operative exam, between March 2009 and April 2017. DSA group included patients submitted to DSA as their pre-operative exam within the same period. The groups were compared regarding intervention details, ankle-brachial index (ABI) variation, reintervention, major amputation and mortality rates, and hospital length of stay.

Results: One hundred and two patients were included (33 CTA and 69 DSA). DSA group presented more below the knee lesions with TASC C or D classification (p=0.002), as well as runoff vessels scarcity (p=0.001). There were no differences in the endovascular/open surgery ratio (p=0.308), ABI alteration with intervention (p=0.860), reintervention rates (p=0.236), major amputation (p=0.999), mortality (p=0.574), or hospital length of stay (p=0.933).

Conclusion: CTA seems to achieve equivalent performance to DSA for morphological and therapeutic planning of PAD. Nevertheless, extrapolation to patients with TASC C or D distal lesions cannot be performed.

Background: full sternotomy (FS) is the gold standard approach to perform surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR). However, potential advantages of a less traumatic approach fomented the development of so-called minimally invasive procedures, which include upper mini-sternotomy (MS).

Objective: to compare immediate postoperative clinical results and mid-term mortality after AVR through MS and FS.

Methods: single-centre retrospective study including all patients who underwent isolated AVR through MS between January 1, 2011 and July 31, 2017. These were then matched with patients who underwent the same procedure through FS and by the same surgeons who performed MS, using coarsened exact matching for the variables age, gender, body mass index and diabetes mellitus. Groups were later characterized and compared regarding postoperative results using Qui- -squared and Mann-Whitney tests and regarding mid-term mortality through Kaplan-Meier curves.

Results: we included 82 patients (n=41 in each group). Aortic cross clamp [78 vs. 63 minutes, p=0.001] and cardiopulmonary bypass times [107 vs. 90 minutes, p=0.002] were significantly longer in the MS group vs. FS group, respectively. Although without reaching statistical significant difference, a smaller percentage of patients from the MS group required red blood cells transfusions during surgery (39.0% vs. 53.7%, p=0.184). Similar results were found regarding mechanical ventilation, inotropic support, morphine infusion, intensive care unit length of stay and incidence of de novo atrial fibrillation. Cumulative survival at 6 years was 86.7% after MS and 88.5% after FS (p=0.650).

Conclusions: Aortic valve replacement through MS seems to be a safe alternative to the gold standard FS.

Introduction: True para-anastomotic aneurysms are a rare complication of arterial surgery.

Objective: This paper aims to describe the clinical case of a 73 years-old patient, with history of a left above-the- -knee amputation due to an occluded popliteal aneurysm, admitted for surgical treatment of a contralateral popliteal aneurysm.

Results: A bypass between the right distal superficial femoral artery (SFA) and the distal popliteal artery was performed using autologous vein. Two years after the index surgery, aneurysmatic degeneration of the native artery was found on ultrasound, with 1.7 cm at the proximal anastomosis, and 1.4 cm distally. We kept surveillance, however, 12 years after surgery, he had a proximal true para-anastomotic aneurysm of the SFA with 4.8 cm. So, resection with interposition of a prosthetic graft between the native artery and the venous conduit of the previous bypass was performed. At this time the popliteal artery at the distal anastomosis had, approximately, 1.8 cm, so we chose to remain vigilant. Seventeen years after surgery, it measured 3.2 cm, in computed tomographic angiography. Therefore, total aneurysmectomy was performed and, due to redundancy of the previous bypass venous conduit caused by progressive dilation restricted to the distal popliteal artery, we did a termino-terminal reanastomosis to the normal sized popliteal artery. After 20 months, he is asymptomatic, with distal pulses present, without clinical nor radiological signs of aneurysmal degeneration.

Discussion and conclusion: This work aims to highlight the relevance of the follow up, not only on a clinical basis but also radiological, since we are dealing with a diffuse pathology that can appear in any arterial segment without symptoms.

Minimal invasive cardiac surgery by right mini-thoracotomy for cardiac mass resection has emerged as an alternative to median sternotomy, for being less associated to postoperative complications and a faster recovery. Thoracic radiotherapy, widely used for cancer treatment, can result in pulmonary adhesions making it impossible to access the heart by thoracotomy. We report a case of a patient submitted to bilateral thoracic radiotherapy, with a cardiac mass in the left atrium, successfully treated by surgical resection, as well the intraoperative procedure done to make the minimally invasive approach possible.