A. Fisogni, G. Bogo, F. Massol, L. Bortolotti, M. Galloni
Cuckoo bumblebees are a monophyletic group within the genus Bombus and social parasites of free-living bumblebees, upon which they rely to rear their offspring. Cuckoo bumblebees lack the worker caste and visit flowers primarily for their own sustenance and do not collect pollen. Although different flower-visiting behaviours can be expected between cuckoo and free-living bumblebees due to different biological constraints, no study has yet quantified such differences. Here, we provide the first empirical evidence of different flower-visiting behaviours between cuckoo and free-living bumblebees. We recorded the flower-visiting behaviour of 350 individual bumblebees over two years in a wild population of the entomophilous plant Gentiana lutea, of which they are among the main pollinators. In cuckoo bumblebees (28.9% of the total), we only found males, while we found both workers and males in free-living bumblebees. Cuckoo bumblebees visited significantly more flowers for longer time periods than both free-living bumblebee workers and males within whorls, while differences at the whole-plant level were less marked. Free-living bumblebee males visited more flowers and performed slightly longer flower visits than workers. Behavioural differences between cuckoo male bumblebees and free-living bumblebee workers are likely related to different foraging needs, while differences between cuckoo and free-living bumblebee males may be caused by differences in colony development and a delayed mating period of free-living bumblebees. The longer visits made by cuckoo male bumblebees will likely negatively affect plant reproductive success through increased within-plant pollen flow.
{"title":"Cuckoo male bumblebees perform slower and longer flower visits than free-living male and worker bumblebees","authors":"A. Fisogni, G. Bogo, F. Massol, L. Bortolotti, M. Galloni","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.93","url":null,"abstract":"Cuckoo bumblebees are a monophyletic group within the genus Bombus and social parasites of free-living bumblebees, upon which they rely to rear their offspring. Cuckoo bumblebees lack the worker caste and visit flowers primarily for their own sustenance and do not collect pollen. Although different flower-visiting behaviours can be expected between cuckoo and free-living bumblebees due to different biological constraints, no study has yet quantified such differences. Here, we provide the first empirical evidence of different flower-visiting behaviours between cuckoo and free-living bumblebees. We recorded the flower-visiting behaviour of 350 individual bumblebees over two years in a wild population of the entomophilous plant Gentiana lutea, of which they are among the main pollinators. In cuckoo bumblebees (28.9% of the total), we only found males, while we found both workers and males in free-living bumblebees. Cuckoo bumblebees visited significantly more flowers for longer time periods than both free-living bumblebee workers and males within whorls, while differences at the whole-plant level were less marked. Free-living bumblebee males visited more flowers and performed slightly longer flower visits than workers. Behavioural differences between cuckoo male bumblebees and free-living bumblebee workers are likely related to different foraging needs, while differences between cuckoo and free-living bumblebee males may be caused by differences in colony development and a delayed mating period of free-living bumblebees. The longer visits made by cuckoo male bumblebees will likely negatively affect plant reproductive success through increased within-plant pollen flow.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41515391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Weber, F. Stoch, L. Knight, C. Chauveau, Jean‐François Flot
Microniphargus leruthi Schellenberg, 1934 (Amphipoda: Niphargidae) was first described based on samples collected in Belgium and placed in a monotypic genus within the family Niphargidae. However, some details of its morphology as well as recent phylogenetic studies suggest that Microniphargus may be more closely related to Pseudoniphargus (Amphipoda: Pseudoniphargidae) than to Niphargus. Moreover, M. leruthi ranges over 1,469 km from Ireland to Germany, which is striking since only a few niphargids have confirmed ranges in excess of 200 km. To find out the phylogenetic position of M. leruthi and check whether it may be a complex of cryptic species, we collected material from Ireland, England and Belgium then sequenced fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene as well as of the nuclear 28S ribosomal gene. Phylogenetic analyses of both markers confirm that Microniphargus is closer to Pseudoniphargus than to Niphargus, leading us to reallocate Microniphargus to Pseudoniphargidae. We also identify three congruent mito-nuclear lineages present respectively in Ireland, in both Belgium and England, and in England only (with the latter found in sympatry at one location), suggesting that M. leruthi is a complex of at least three species with a putative centre of origin in England.
{"title":"The genus Microniphargus (Crustacea, Amphipoda): evidence for three lineages distributed across northwestern Europe and transfer from Niphargidae to Pseudoniphargidae","authors":"D. Weber, F. Stoch, L. Knight, C. Chauveau, Jean‐François Flot","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.92","url":null,"abstract":"Microniphargus leruthi Schellenberg, 1934 (Amphipoda: Niphargidae) was first described based on samples collected in Belgium and placed in a monotypic genus within the family Niphargidae. However, some details of its morphology as well as recent phylogenetic studies suggest that Microniphargus may be more closely related to Pseudoniphargus (Amphipoda: Pseudoniphargidae) than to Niphargus. Moreover, M. leruthi ranges over 1,469 km from Ireland to Germany, which is striking since only a few niphargids have confirmed ranges in excess of 200 km. To find out the phylogenetic position of M. leruthi and check whether it may be a complex of cryptic species, we collected material from Ireland, England and Belgium then sequenced fragments of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene as well as of the nuclear 28S ribosomal gene. Phylogenetic analyses of both markers confirm that Microniphargus is closer to Pseudoniphargus than to Niphargus, leading us to reallocate Microniphargus to Pseudoniphargidae. We also identify three congruent mito-nuclear lineages present respectively in Ireland, in both Belgium and England, and in England only (with the latter found in sympatry at one location), suggesting that M. leruthi is a complex of at least three species with a putative centre of origin in England.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48949095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marie Cours, J. Vanaverbeke, K. Parmentier, M. Knockaert, J. Higuti, K. Martens, I. Schön
Urbanization is one of the major causes of the destruction of natural habitats in the world. Cities are urban heat islands and can thus significantly influence populations of plants and animals. The research project SPEEDY investigated the effects of urbanization in northern Belgium with a nested sampling design at local and landscape scales for a variety of organisms. Here, we tested the effects of urbanization on non-marine ostracod communities, sampling 81 small pools in three urbanization categories, as defined by percentage built up cover (low, intermediate, high). We identified 17 ostracod species, together occurring in 60 of the 81 sampled pools. We found that urbanization per se had no significant effect on ostracod communities. Of all the measured local factors, ammonium and total phosphorus concentrations had a significant effect on the community structure. In contrast, water temperature had no significant effect, most likely because the ostracod species found in northern Belgium in the present survey mostly have wide temperature tolerances.
{"title":"Water chemistry and not urbanization influences community structure of non-marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) in northern Belgium","authors":"Marie Cours, J. Vanaverbeke, K. Parmentier, M. Knockaert, J. Higuti, K. Martens, I. Schön","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.91","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization is one of the major causes of the destruction of natural habitats in the world. Cities are urban heat islands and can thus significantly influence populations of plants and animals. The research project SPEEDY investigated the effects of urbanization in northern Belgium with a nested sampling design at local and landscape scales for a variety of organisms. Here, we tested the effects of urbanization on non-marine ostracod communities, sampling 81 small pools in three urbanization categories, as defined by percentage built up cover (low, intermediate, high). We identified 17 ostracod species, together occurring in 60 of the 81 sampled pools. We found that urbanization per se had no significant effect on ostracod communities. Of all the measured local factors, ammonium and total phosphorus concentrations had a significant effect on the community structure. In contrast, water temperature had no significant effect, most likely because the ostracod species found in northern Belgium in the present survey mostly have wide temperature tolerances.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41916075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olivier Berteloot, Lore Vervaet, Hua-yan Chen, E. Talamas, T. Van Leeuwen, P. De Clercq
The scelionid parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston,1858) has been detected in Belgium for the first time based on specimens reared from a parasitized egg mass of Nezara viridula (Linnaeus,1758) collected in an urban garden at Sint-Amandsberg, Ghent. Identification was based on adult morphology and DNA barcoding. This is presently believed to be the northernmost record in Europe of T. basalis and could be the consequence of a northward expansion of this species due to climate change. This first record may be of economic importance for the biological control of stink bug pests in Belgian vegetable and fruit production.
{"title":"First record in Belgium of Trissolcus basalis (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of economically important stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)","authors":"Olivier Berteloot, Lore Vervaet, Hua-yan Chen, E. Talamas, T. Van Leeuwen, P. De Clercq","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.90","url":null,"abstract":"The scelionid parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston,1858) has been detected in Belgium for the first time based on specimens reared from a parasitized egg mass of Nezara viridula (Linnaeus,1758) collected in an urban garden at Sint-Amandsberg, Ghent. Identification was based on adult morphology and DNA barcoding. This is presently believed to be the northernmost record in Europe of T. basalis and could be the consequence of a northward expansion of this species due to climate change. This first record may be of economic importance for the biological control of stink bug pests in Belgian vegetable and fruit production.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45190955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Breine, E. Van den Bergh, Gerlinde Van Thyune, C. Belpaire
The first fish-based index to assess the ecological quality of lowland rivers in Flanders (Belgium) is based on data obtained from different fishing techniques without considering the gear specificity. As a consequence, this index could not be intercalibrated with other European indices which concentrate on one gear type only. In order to comply with the European Water Framework Directive, we developed a new fish-based index using data obtained from surveys in rivers with electric gear only. All 293 selected rivers belonged to the bream or barbel zone. An updated reference list of fish species was compiled based on previous work and recent data. Abiotic data were collected according to standard methods and habitat quality of all surveyed sites was pre-classified using pressure indicators. To develop the new index candidate metrics were selected from the literature and metric values were calculated. Linear mixed regression models selected metrics based on their response to the pre-classified habitat status. Correlation tests were performed to avoid redundancy among responsive metrics. Boundaries for metric scores were defined based on the calculated metric values. The new index of biotic integrity (IBI) was calculated by summation of the metric scores, and transformed to an ecological quality ratio (EQR), ranging between 0 and 1. Five integrity classes, ranging from bad to maximal ecological potential, were attributed and compared to the pre-classified habitat status of the site. In addition, the new index was also validated with an independent set of data. The new IBI proved to successfully assess the ecological status of the rivers.
{"title":"A new fish-based index of biotic integrity for lowland rivers in Flanders (Belgium)","authors":"J. Breine, E. Van den Bergh, Gerlinde Van Thyune, C. Belpaire","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.89","url":null,"abstract":"The first fish-based index to assess the ecological quality of lowland rivers in Flanders (Belgium) is based on data obtained from different fishing techniques without considering the gear specificity. As a consequence, this index could not be intercalibrated with other European indices which concentrate on one gear type only. In order to comply with the European Water Framework Directive, we developed a new fish-based index using data obtained from surveys in rivers with electric gear only. All 293 selected rivers belonged to the bream or barbel zone. An updated reference list of fish species was compiled based on previous work and recent data. Abiotic data were collected according to standard methods and habitat quality of all surveyed sites was pre-classified using pressure indicators. To develop the new index candidate metrics were selected from the literature and metric values were calculated. Linear mixed regression models selected metrics based on their response to the pre-classified habitat status. Correlation tests were performed to avoid redundancy among responsive metrics. Boundaries for metric scores were defined based on the calculated metric values. The new index of biotic integrity (IBI) was calculated by summation of the metric scores, and transformed to an ecological quality ratio (EQR), ranging between 0 and 1. Five integrity classes, ranging from bad to maximal ecological potential, were attributed and compared to the pre-classified habitat status of the site. In addition, the new index was also validated with an independent set of data. The new IBI proved to successfully assess the ecological status of the rivers.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46609533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yet another carnivorous semi-slug found in Belgium: Daudebardia rufa (Draparnaud, 1805) (Gastropoda: Oxychilidae)","authors":"Louis Bronne, J. Delcourt, Tom Van den Neucker","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.88","url":null,"abstract":"Short notes have no abstract.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41832368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hepatopancreas of decapod crustaceans is an organ which can act as indicator for digestive and metabolic parameters under different physiological and / or environmental conditions. However, biochemical studies on digestive and metabolic parameters of the hepatopancreas of euryhaline burrowing crabs such as Neohelice granulata from habitats with different diet compositions are still scarce. In the wild, adult males of N. granulata from Mar Chiquita Coastal Lagoon (Argentina) in mudflat habitat have diets with higher lipid and protein content than crabs from the saltmarsh, suggesting that diets could be an important factor influencing hepatopancreas activities. We tested this hypothesis here by exposing adult male crabs to a similar experimental diet and comparing hepatopancreas parameters for lipid components and protein metabolism between males from these two habitat types at different times (up to three months). At month 3, we noticed a decrease of the triglyceride concentration and lipase activity and an increase of protein concentration in crabs from the mudflat. In contrast, triglycerides and protein concentration did not change in crabs from the saltmarsh, while lipase activity decreased and levamisole insensitive AP increased at month 3. The results indicate that digestive and metabolic parameters in the hepatopancreas of crabs from habitats varying in diet content remain different, even if crabs are subsequently fed by a similar experimental diet. This suggests that specific intrinsic regulations of these hepatopancreas parameters could operate differently in each habitat and could not be changed by recent diet conditions.
{"title":"The influence of habitat on metabolic and digestive parameters in an intertidal crab from a SW Atlantic coastal lagoon","authors":"E. Méndez, M. Michiels, Alejandra López-Mañanes","doi":"10.26496/bjz.2021.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2021.87","url":null,"abstract":"The hepatopancreas of decapod crustaceans is an organ which can act as indicator for digestive and metabolic parameters under different physiological and / or environmental conditions. However, biochemical studies on digestive and metabolic parameters of the hepatopancreas of euryhaline burrowing crabs such as Neohelice granulata from habitats with different diet compositions are still scarce. In the wild, adult males of N. granulata from Mar Chiquita Coastal Lagoon (Argentina) in mudflat habitat have diets with higher lipid and protein content than crabs from the saltmarsh, suggesting that diets could be an important factor influencing hepatopancreas activities. We tested this hypothesis here by exposing adult male crabs to a similar experimental diet and comparing hepatopancreas parameters for lipid components and protein metabolism between males from these two habitat types at different times (up to three months). At month 3, we noticed a decrease of the triglyceride concentration and lipase activity and an increase of protein concentration in crabs from the mudflat. In contrast, triglycerides and protein concentration did not change in crabs from the saltmarsh, while lipase activity decreased and levamisole insensitive AP increased at month 3. The results indicate that digestive and metabolic parameters in the hepatopancreas of crabs from habitats varying in diet content remain different, even if crabs are subsequently fed by a similar experimental diet. This suggests that specific intrinsic regulations of these hepatopancreas parameters could operate differently in each habitat and could not be changed by recent diet conditions.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41276856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Frotté, L. Michel, G. Lepoint, Sébastien Cordonnier, É. Bezault, D. Monti
Native fauna of the tropical volcanic part of Guadeloupe is amphidromous: juveniles born in rivers but that grow in the sea need to migrate upstream to colonise their adult habitat in rivers. This migration is affected by any human-made obstacles placed in their way. Moreover, on volcanic tropical islands, streams are the main source of water catchment for the human population. This deeply affects river hydrology and characteristics. Both damming and water catchment potentially affect community diversity and species demography, but they may also alter the trophic ecology of the river fauna. Using stable isotopes and the stable isotope Bayesian ellipses approach in R (SIBER), this study aimed to assess the isotopic niche variability of riverine fauna of three persistent small rivers of Basse-Terre Island (Guadeloupe) affected by damming and water catchment. Using electrofishing, decapods and fishes (gobies) of three rivers were sampled upstream and downstream of dams. Our results demonstrated that the variability of the isotopic niches was extremely high between rivers but varied less between stations of the same river. Our results revealed complex and river-specific effects and a pattern merged with natural variability. Our two hypotheses (i.e., increase of resources upstream of dams and differential responses of trophic guilds to damming and water catchment) were only weakly supported and never in an unambiguous manner. Our study showed that it is necessary to consider the ‘noise’ generated by natural variability to observe and understand changes in the trophic ecology of associated fauna in relation to damming and water catchment.
{"title":"Variability of amphidromous organism isotopic niches in three Guadeloupe rivers affected by damming and water catchment","authors":"L. Frotté, L. Michel, G. Lepoint, Sébastien Cordonnier, É. Bezault, D. Monti","doi":"10.26496/BJZ.2021.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/BJZ.2021.86","url":null,"abstract":"Native fauna of the tropical volcanic part of Guadeloupe is amphidromous: juveniles born in rivers but that grow in the sea need to migrate upstream to colonise their adult habitat in rivers. This migration is affected by any human-made obstacles placed in their way. Moreover, on volcanic tropical islands, streams are the main source of water catchment for the human population. This deeply affects river hydrology and characteristics. Both damming and water catchment potentially affect community diversity and species demography, but they may also alter the trophic ecology of the river fauna. Using stable isotopes and the stable isotope Bayesian ellipses approach in R (SIBER), this study aimed to assess the isotopic niche variability of riverine fauna of three persistent small rivers of Basse-Terre Island (Guadeloupe) affected by damming and water catchment. Using electrofishing, decapods and fishes (gobies) of three rivers were sampled upstream and downstream of dams. Our results demonstrated that the variability of the isotopic niches was extremely high between rivers but varied less between stations of the same river. Our results revealed complex and river-specific effects and a pattern merged with natural variability. Our two hypotheses (i.e., increase of resources upstream of dams and differential responses of trophic guilds to damming and water catchment) were only weakly supported and never in an unambiguous manner. Our study showed that it is necessary to consider the ‘noise’ generated by natural variability to observe and understand changes in the trophic ecology of associated fauna in relation to damming and water catchment.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48203156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Schley, Marianne Jacobs, Tiago A. de Sousa, J. Hatlauf
1 Administration de la nature et des forêts, 81 avenue de la Gare, L-9233 Diekirch, Luxembourg. 2 Musée national d’histoire naturelle, 25 rue Münster, L-2160 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. 3 University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.
1自然与环境管理局，卢森堡迪基奇L-9233 Gare大街81号。2国家自然历史博物馆，25 rue Münster，L-2160卢森堡，卢森堡。3自然资源与生命科学大学（BOKU），野生动物生物学和游戏管理研究所综合生物学和生物多样性研究系，Gregor Mendel Straße 33，A-1180，奥地利维也纳。
{"title":"First record of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides (Gray, 1834) in Luxembourg","authors":"L. Schley, Marianne Jacobs, Tiago A. de Sousa, J. Hatlauf","doi":"10.26496/BJZ.2021.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/BJZ.2021.85","url":null,"abstract":"1 Administration de la nature et des forêts, 81 avenue de la Gare, L-9233 Diekirch, Luxembourg. 2 Musée national d’histoire naturelle, 25 rue Münster, L-2160 Luxembourg, Luxembourg. 3 University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45351793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgane Millot, F. Bertucci, D. Lecchini, S. Smeets, Malika René-Trouillefou, É. Parmentier
The ability to produce sounds for acoustic communication is well known in different grunt species (Haemulidae). However, most of the sounds have not been described and the sound-producing mechanism of very few grunt species has been deeply studied. Additional data is needed to search for synapomorphy in the sonic mechanism. This study describes acoustic features and branchial anatomy in Haemulon aurolineatum . Correlations were found between some acoustic features and standard length, showing the largest specimens produced shorter, lower-pitched grunts of higher intensity. Examinations of acoustic features and branchial anatomy show that H. aurolineatum uses the same stridulatory mechanism described previously in H. flavolineatum . The unusual feature of Haemulon species concerns the fourth ceratobranchials. These appear to be part of the lower pharyngeal jaws since they possess firmly attached teeth that face the upper pharyngeal jaws. The stridulation results from the rubbing of both pharyngeal and fourth ceratobranchial teeth. This mechanism is probably common to the 23 Haemulon species, but additional information is needed regarding the mechanism of other Haemulinae species to produce stridulatory sounds. Fourth ceratobranchials could constitute a key element of Haemulinae ability to produce sounds providing an eventual synapomorphic aspect of the mechanism in the family.
{"title":"Characteristics of sound production and associated pharyngeal jaws in the tomtate grunt Haemulon aurolineatum (Cuvier, 1830) in Caribbean reefs","authors":"Morgane Millot, F. Bertucci, D. Lecchini, S. Smeets, Malika René-Trouillefou, É. Parmentier","doi":"10.26496/BJZ.2021.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26496/BJZ.2021.84","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to produce sounds for acoustic communication is well known in different grunt species (Haemulidae). However, most of the sounds have not been described and the sound-producing mechanism of very few grunt species has been deeply studied. Additional data is needed to search for synapomorphy in the sonic mechanism. This study describes acoustic features and branchial anatomy in Haemulon aurolineatum . Correlations were found between some acoustic features and standard length, showing the largest specimens produced shorter, lower-pitched grunts of higher intensity. Examinations of acoustic features and branchial anatomy show that H. aurolineatum uses the same stridulatory mechanism described previously in H. flavolineatum . The unusual feature of Haemulon species concerns the fourth ceratobranchials. These appear to be part of the lower pharyngeal jaws since they possess firmly attached teeth that face the upper pharyngeal jaws. The stridulation results from the rubbing of both pharyngeal and fourth ceratobranchial teeth. This mechanism is probably common to the 23 Haemulon species, but additional information is needed regarding the mechanism of other Haemulinae species to produce stridulatory sounds. Fourth ceratobranchials could constitute a key element of Haemulinae ability to produce sounds providing an eventual synapomorphic aspect of the mechanism in the family.","PeriodicalId":8750,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45630514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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