Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101736
Qi Liu , Liang Yue , Jiu Deng , Yingxia Tan , Chengjun Wu
The three-dimensional (3D) kidney organoid is a breakthrough model for recapitulating renal morphology and function in vitro, which is grown from stem cells and resembles mammalian kidney organogenesis. Currently, protocols for cultivating this model from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and patient-derived adult stem cells (ASCs) have been widely reported. In recent years, scientists have focused on combining cutting-edge bioengineering and bioinformatics technologies to improve the developmental accuracy of kidney organoids and achieve high-throughput experimentation. As a remarkable tool for mechanistic research of the renal system, kidney organoid has both potential and challenges. In this review, we have described the evolution of kidney organoid establishment methods and highlighted the latest progress leading to a more sophisticated kidney transformation research model. Finally, we have summarized the main applications of renal organoids in exploring kidney disease.
{"title":"Progress and breakthroughs in human kidney organoid research","authors":"Qi Liu , Liang Yue , Jiu Deng , Yingxia Tan , Chengjun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The three-dimensional (3D) kidney organoid is a breakthrough model for recapitulating renal morphology and function <em>in vitro</em>, which is grown from stem cells and resembles mammalian kidney organogenesis. Currently, protocols for cultivating this model from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and patient-derived adult stem cells (ASCs) have been widely reported. In recent years, scientists have focused on combining cutting-edge bioengineering and bioinformatics technologies to improve the developmental accuracy of kidney organoids and achieve high-throughput experimentation. As a remarkable tool for mechanistic research of the renal system, kidney organoid has both potential and challenges. In this review, we have described the evolution of kidney organoid establishment methods and highlighted the latest progress leading to a more sophisticated kidney transformation research model. Finally, we have summarized the main applications of renal organoids in exploring kidney disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001006/pdfft?md5=33917f903eeb2a617c0639b34c5190a2&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001006-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101741
Lili Guan , Shanshan Wu , Qinyao Zhu , Xiaofang He , Xuelong Li , Guangqi Song , Luo Zhang , Xiushan Yin
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified macrophages are a promising treatment for solid tumor. So far the potential effects of CAR-M cell therapy have rarely been investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a biomarker for a variety of malignancies, including liver cancer, which is not expressed in most adult tissues. Thus, it is an ideal target for the treatment of HCC. In this study, we engineered mouse macrophage cells with CAR targeting GPC3 and explored its therapeutic potential in HCC. First, we generated a chimeric adenoviral vector (Ad5f35) delivering an anti-GPC3 CAR, Ad5f35-anti-GPC3-CAR, which using the CAR construct containing the scFv targeting GPC3 and CD3ζ intracellular domain. Phagocytosis and killing effect indicated that macrophages transduced with Ad5f35-anti-GPC3-CAR (GPC3 CAR-Ms) exhibited antigen-specific phagocytosis and tumor cell clearance in vitro, and GPC3 CAR-Ms showed significant tumor-killing effects and promoted expression of pro-inflammatory (M1) cytokines and chemokines. In 3D NACs-origami spheroid model of HCC, CAR-Ms were further demonstrated to have a significant tumor killing effect. Together, our study provides a new strategy for the treatment of HCC through CAR-M cells targeting GPC3, which provides a basis for the research and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
{"title":"GPC3-targeted CAR-M cells exhibit potent antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Lili Guan , Shanshan Wu , Qinyao Zhu , Xiaofang He , Xuelong Li , Guangqi Song , Luo Zhang , Xiushan Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified macrophages are a promising treatment for solid tumor. So far the potential effects of CAR-M cell therapy have rarely been investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a biomarker for a variety of malignancies, including liver cancer, which is not expressed in most adult tissues. Thus, it is an ideal target for the treatment of HCC. In this study, we engineered mouse macrophage cells with CAR targeting GPC3 and explored its therapeutic potential in HCC. First, we generated a chimeric adenoviral vector (Ad5f35) delivering an anti-GPC3 CAR, Ad5f35-anti-GPC3-CAR, which using the CAR construct containing the scFv targeting GPC3 and CD3ζ intracellular domain. Phagocytosis and killing effect indicated that macrophages transduced with Ad5f35-anti-GPC3-CAR (GPC3 CAR-Ms) exhibited antigen-specific phagocytosis and tumor cell clearance in vitro, and GPC3 CAR-Ms showed significant tumor-killing effects and promoted expression of pro-inflammatory (M1) cytokines and chemokines. In 3D NACs-origami spheroid model of HCC, CAR-Ms were further demonstrated to have a significant tumor killing effect. Together, our study provides a new strategy for the treatment of HCC through CAR-M cells targeting GPC3, which provides a basis for the research and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001055/pdfft?md5=aac5cbd7edda2f4d4e70e94d4675e420&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001055-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101742
Jacob Ardenkjær-Skinnerup , Daniel Saar , Sofie Christiansen , Terje Svingen , Niels Hadrup , Kristy A. Brown , Brice Emanuelli , Birthe B. Kragelund , Gitte Ravn-Haren , Ulla Vogel
The estrogen-synthesizing enzyme aromatase is expressed in adipose tissue where it controls the local concentration of estrogen. It has been suggested that the organic solvents ethanol and ethylene glycol can induce estrogen synthesis by inhibiting PPARγ activity. Since elevated estrogen synthesis in adipose tissue is a risk factor for breast cancer development, it is of interest to further characterize the mechanisms regulating aromatase expression. Here, we explored the mechanisms by which ethanol and ethylene glycol modulate aromatase mRNA expression and the ultimate conversion of androgens into estrogens.
NMR spectroscopy revealed that ethanol and ethylene glycol influence the active state of PPARγ. An inhibitory effect on PPARγ was confirmed by adipogenesis assays and PPARγ target gene expression analysis in adipocytes. However, only ethanol increased aromatase mRNA in differentiated human adipocytes. In contrast, ethylene glycol downregulated aromatase in a PPARγ-independent manner. An animal study using female Wistar rats was conducted to assess the acute effects of ethanol and ethylene glycol on aromatase expression in adipose tissue within a physiological context. No changes in aromatase or PPARγ target gene (Adipoq and Fabp4) levels were observed in adipose tissue or ovary in response to the chemical exposures, suggesting an absence of acute PPARγ-mediated effects in these organs.
The results suggest that ethanol and ethylene glycol are weak PPARγ antagonists in mouse and human adipocytes as well as in cell-free NMR spectroscopy. Both compounds seem to affect adipocyte aromatase expression in vitro, where ethanol increased aromatase expression PPARγ-dependently and ethylene glycol decreased aromatase expression independently of PPARγ. No acute effects on aromatase expression or PPARγ activity were observed in adipose tissue or ovary in rats in this study design.
{"title":"Effects of ethanol or ethylene glycol exposure on PPARγ and aromatase expression in adipose tissue","authors":"Jacob Ardenkjær-Skinnerup , Daniel Saar , Sofie Christiansen , Terje Svingen , Niels Hadrup , Kristy A. Brown , Brice Emanuelli , Birthe B. Kragelund , Gitte Ravn-Haren , Ulla Vogel","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The estrogen-synthesizing enzyme aromatase is expressed in adipose tissue where it controls the local concentration of estrogen. It has been suggested that the organic solvents ethanol and ethylene glycol can induce estrogen synthesis by inhibiting PPARγ activity. Since elevated estrogen synthesis in adipose tissue is a risk factor for breast cancer development, it is of interest to further characterize the mechanisms regulating aromatase expression. Here, we explored the mechanisms by which ethanol and ethylene glycol modulate aromatase mRNA expression and the ultimate conversion of androgens into estrogens.</p><p>NMR spectroscopy revealed that ethanol and ethylene glycol influence the active state of PPARγ. An inhibitory effect on PPARγ was confirmed by adipogenesis assays and PPARγ target gene expression analysis in adipocytes. However, only ethanol increased aromatase mRNA in differentiated human adipocytes. In contrast, ethylene glycol downregulated aromatase in a PPARγ-independent manner. An animal study using female Wistar rats was conducted to assess the acute effects of ethanol and ethylene glycol on aromatase expression in adipose tissue within a physiological context. No changes in aromatase or PPARγ target gene (<em>Adipoq</em> and <em>Fabp4</em>) levels were observed in adipose tissue or ovary in response to the chemical exposures, suggesting an absence of acute PPARγ-mediated effects in these organs.</p><p>The results suggest that ethanol and ethylene glycol are weak PPARγ antagonists in mouse and human adipocytes as well as in cell-free NMR spectroscopy. Both compounds seem to affect adipocyte aromatase expression <em>in vitro</em>, where ethanol increased aromatase expression PPARγ-dependently and ethylene glycol decreased aromatase expression independently of PPARγ. No acute effects on aromatase expression or PPARγ activity were observed in adipose tissue or ovary in rats in this study design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001067/pdfft?md5=70ef58928b60d06accce20dc73df7c37&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001067-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141243926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101743
Zi-Peng Lin , Hu-Qiang He , Yierpani Aierken , Ya Wu , Yong Liu
Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) are severe vascular diseases with high mortality rates. However, the causal relationship between serum uric acid levels and the occurrence of AAD remains a subject of controversy. To address this issue, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate whether there is a causal association between these factors. We obtained single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data related to serum uric acid levels from the FinnGen study and data on AAD from the UK Biobank. Various two-sample MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis, MR-Egger regression analysis, weighted median analysis, and contamination mixture method, were employed to assess the causal relationship between serum uric acid and the risk of AAD. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability and reliability of the results. The findings revealed a positive association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of aortic aneurysm (AA) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.200, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.020–1.400, P = 0.0239). However, no significant correlation was observed between serum uric acid levels and the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD) (OR = 0.893, 95 % CI = 0.602–1.326, P = 0.576). Our study, which employed MR analysis, identified a positive association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of AA. However, we did not observe a significant correlation with AD.
主动脉瘤和夹层(AAD)是死亡率很高的严重血管疾病。然而,血清尿酸水平与主动脉瘤和夹层之间的因果关系仍存在争议。针对这一问题,我们进行了双样本孟德尔随机化(MR)分析,研究这些因素之间是否存在因果关系。我们从芬兰基因研究(FinnGen study)中获得了与血清尿酸水平相关的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)数据,并从英国生物库(UK Biobank)中获得了有关急性肾功能衰竭(AAD)的数据。我们采用了多种双样本 MR 方法,包括反方差加权(IVW)分析、MR-Egger 回归分析、加权中位数分析和污染混合法,来评估血清尿酸与 AAD 风险之间的因果关系。为评估结果的稳定性和可靠性,还进行了敏感性分析。研究结果表明,血清尿酸水平与主动脉瘤(AA)风险呈正相关(几率比[OR] = 1.200,95%置信区间[CI]:1.020-1.400, P = 0.0239).然而,在血清尿酸水平与主动脉夹层(AD)的发生之间没有观察到明显的相关性(OR = 0.893,95 % CI = 0.602-1.326,P = 0.576)。我们的研究采用了 MR 分析法,发现血清尿酸水平与 AA 风险之间存在正相关。但是,我们没有观察到与注意力缺失症之间存在明显的相关性。
{"title":"Effect of serum uric acid on the risk of aortic aneurysm and dissection: A mendelian randomization analysis","authors":"Zi-Peng Lin , Hu-Qiang He , Yierpani Aierken , Ya Wu , Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) are severe vascular diseases with high mortality rates. However, the causal relationship between serum uric acid levels and the occurrence of AAD remains a subject of controversy. To address this issue, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate whether there is a causal association between these factors. We obtained single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data related to serum uric acid levels from the FinnGen study and data on AAD from the UK Biobank. Various two-sample MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis, MR-Egger regression analysis, weighted median analysis, and contamination mixture method, were employed to assess the causal relationship between serum uric acid and the risk of AAD. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability and reliability of the results. The findings revealed a positive association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of aortic aneurysm (AA) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.200, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.020–1.400, P = 0.0239). However, no significant correlation was observed between serum uric acid levels and the occurrence of aortic dissection (AD) (OR = 0.893, 95 % CI = 0.602–1.326, P = 0.576). Our study, which employed MR analysis, identified a positive association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of AA. However, we did not observe a significant correlation with AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001079/pdfft?md5=12a7c0ba8f3612b220f663e49ffbc866&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001079-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141243928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101737
Mohammad Elahimanesh , Nafiseh Shokri , Payam Mohammadi , Najmeh Parvaz , Mohammad Najafi
Background
Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (UCB–HSCs) have important roles in the treatment of illnesses based on their self-renewal and potency characteristics. Knowing the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in each step of the cell cycle could improve the therapeutic approaches of HSCs. The aim of this study was to predict the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs.
Methods
Interventional (n = 8) and non-interventional (n = 3) datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and were crossed and analyzed to determine the high- and low-express genes related to each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs. Then, the scores of STRING were annotated to the gene data. The gene networks were constructed using Cytoscape software, and enriched with the KEGG and GO databases.
Results
The high- and low-express genes were determined due to inter and intra intersections of the interventional and non-interventional data. The non-interventional data were applied to construct the gene networks (n = 6) with the nodes improved using the interventional data. Several important signaling pathways were suggested in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages.
Conclusion
The data revealed that the different signaling pathways are activated in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages so that their genes may be targeted to improve the HSC therapy.
{"title":"Step by step analysis on gene datasets of growth phases in hematopoietic stem cells","authors":"Mohammad Elahimanesh , Nafiseh Shokri , Payam Mohammadi , Najmeh Parvaz , Mohammad Najafi","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (UCB–HSCs) have important roles in the treatment of illnesses based on their self-renewal and potency characteristics. Knowing the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in each step of the cell cycle could improve the therapeutic approaches of HSCs. The aim of this study was to predict the gene profiles and signaling pathways involved in the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Interventional (n = 8) and non-interventional (n = 3) datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and were crossed and analyzed to determine the high- and low-express genes related to each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages of HSCs. Then, the scores of STRING were annotated to the gene data. The gene networks were constructed using Cytoscape software, and enriched with the KEGG and GO databases.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The high- and low-express genes were determined due to inter and intra intersections of the interventional and non-interventional data. The non-interventional data were applied to construct the gene networks (n = 6) with the nodes improved using the interventional data. Several important signaling pathways were suggested in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The data revealed that the different signaling pathways are activated in each of the G0, G1, and differentiation stages so that their genes may be targeted to improve the HSC therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001018/pdfft?md5=4627663494f5a076a2928c939c99b7b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001018-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141239634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-29DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101744
Song Chen , Meng Tie , Mengyue Wu, Anyuan He, Yali Chen
Cancer is the major cause of premature death in humans worldwide, demanding more efficient therapeutics. Aberrant cell proliferation resulting from the loss of cell cycle regulation is the major hallmark of cancer, so targeting cell cycle is a promising strategy to combat cancer. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the dysregulation of cell cycle of cancer cells remains poorly understood. TMEM189, a newly identified protein, plays roles in the biosynthesis of ethanolamine plasmalogen and the regulation of autophagy. Here, we demonstrated that the expression level of TMEM189 was negatively correlated with the survival rate of the cancer patients. TMEM189 deficiency significantly suppresses the cancer cell proliferation and migration, and causes cell cycle G2/M arrest both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, TMEM189 depletion suppressed the growth of breast tumors in vivo. Taken together, our work indicated that TMEM189 promotes cancer progression by regulating cell cycle G2/M transition, suggesting that it is a promising target in cancer therapy.
{"title":"Blockage of TMEM189 induces G2/M arrest and inhibits the growth of breast tumors","authors":"Song Chen , Meng Tie , Mengyue Wu, Anyuan He, Yali Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cancer is the major cause of premature death in humans worldwide, demanding more efficient therapeutics. Aberrant cell proliferation resulting from the loss of cell cycle regulation is the major hallmark of cancer, so targeting cell cycle is a promising strategy to combat cancer. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the dysregulation of cell cycle of cancer cells remains poorly understood. TMEM189, a newly identified protein, plays roles in the biosynthesis of ethanolamine plasmalogen and the regulation of autophagy. Here, we demonstrated that the expression level of TMEM189 was negatively correlated with the survival rate of the cancer patients. TMEM189 deficiency significantly suppresses the cancer cell proliferation and migration, and causes cell cycle G2/M arrest both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Furthermore, TMEM189 depletion suppressed the growth of breast tumors <em>in vivo</em>. Taken together, our work indicated that TMEM189 promotes cancer progression by regulating cell cycle G2/M transition, suggesting that it is a promising target in cancer therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001080/pdfft?md5=28cbe594dc90ed0ef9e76b293c9edba1&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001080-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141243927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101740
Jingwen Yu , Yiqi Zhao , Yue Xie
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death, and the most common type of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer, which accounts for approximately 85 % of lung cancer diagnoses. Recent studies have revealed that ubiquitination acts as a crucial part of the development and progression of lung cancer. The E1-E2-E3 three-enzyme cascade has a core function in ubiquitination, so targeted adjustments of E3 ligases could be used in lung cancer treatment. Hence, we elucidate research advances in lung cancer-related E3 ligases by briefly describing the structure and categorization of E3 ligases. Here, we provide a detailed review of the mechanisms by which lung cancer-related E3 ligases modify substrate proteins and regulate signaling pathways to facilitate or suppress cancer progression. We hope to show a new perspective on targeted precision therapy for lung cancer.
{"title":"Advances of E3 ligases in lung cancer","authors":"Jingwen Yu , Yiqi Zhao , Yue Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death, and the most common type of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer, which accounts for approximately 85 % of lung cancer diagnoses. Recent studies have revealed that ubiquitination acts as a crucial part of the development and progression of lung cancer. The E1-E2-E3 three-enzyme cascade has a core function in ubiquitination, so targeted adjustments of E3 ligases could be used in lung cancer treatment. Hence, we elucidate research advances in lung cancer-related E3 ligases by briefly describing the structure and categorization of E3 ligases. Here, we provide a detailed review of the mechanisms by which lung cancer-related E3 ligases modify substrate proteins and regulate signaling pathways to facilitate or suppress cancer progression. We hope to show a new perspective on targeted precision therapy for lung cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824001043/pdfft?md5=995ca10f66f80e5f2def04869b8d82f6&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824001043-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141243925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is best known for playing a major role in maintaining the physiology of the cardiovascular system. Dysregulation of the RAS pathway has been proposed as a link to some malignancies and contributes to cancer metastasis.
Breast cancer is considered as one of the leading causes of cancer death in women and its prevention remains yet a challenge. Elements of RAS are expressed in both normal breast tissue and cancerous cells, signifying the essential role of RAS in breast cancer pathology. Sertraline, a widely used antidepressant, has shown anti-proliferative properties on a variety of malignancies.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of sertraline and its combination with agonists and antagonists of RAS (A779, Ang 1–7 and losartan) on viability of MCF-7 cells along with their effect on apoptosis and distribution of cell cycle. Our results indicated that sertraline, losartan and Ang 1–7 significantly decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. A779 blunted the effect of sertraline on cell viability, ROS generation and cell cycle arrest. Combination treatment of sertraline with losartan as well as Ang 1–7 caused a remarkable decline in cell viability.
In conclusion, results of the present study support the anti-cancer properties of sertraline, losartan and Ang 1–7 via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
众所周知,肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)在维持心血管系统的生理功能方面发挥着重要作用。乳腺癌被认为是女性癌症死亡的主要原因之一,其预防仍然是一个挑战。正常乳腺组织和癌细胞中都有 RAS 的表达,这表明 RAS 在乳腺癌病理学中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在探讨舍曲林及其与 RAS 激动剂和拮抗剂(A779、Ang 1-7 和洛沙坦)联用对 MCF-7 细胞活力的影响,以及它们对细胞凋亡和细胞周期分布的影响。我们的研究结果表明,舍曲林、洛沙坦和 Ang 1-7 能显著降低细胞活力,诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞。A779能减弱舍曲林对细胞活力、ROS生成和细胞周期停滞的影响。总之,本研究的结果支持舍曲林、洛沙坦和 Ang 1-7 通过诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞的抗癌特性。
{"title":"Modulation of ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas and ACE/AngII/AT1 axes affects anticancer properties of sertraline in MCF-7 breast cancer cells","authors":"Reihaneh Fatehi , Mohammad Nouraei , Morteza Panahiyan , Marzieh Rashedinia , Negar Firouzabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is best known for playing a major role in maintaining the physiology of the cardiovascular system. Dysregulation of the RAS pathway has been proposed as a link to some malignancies and contributes to cancer metastasis.</p><p>Breast cancer is considered as one of the leading causes of cancer death in women and its prevention remains yet a challenge. Elements of RAS are expressed in both normal breast tissue and cancerous cells, signifying the essential role of RAS in breast cancer pathology. Sertraline, a widely used antidepressant, has shown anti-proliferative properties on a variety of malignancies.</p><p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of sertraline and its combination with agonists and antagonists of RAS (A779, Ang 1–7 and losartan) on viability of MCF-7 cells along with their effect on apoptosis and distribution of cell cycle. Our results indicated that sertraline, losartan and Ang 1–7 significantly decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. A779 blunted the effect of sertraline on cell viability, ROS generation and cell cycle arrest. Combination treatment of sertraline with losartan as well as Ang 1–7 caused a remarkable decline in cell viability.</p><p>In conclusion, results of the present study support the anti-cancer properties of sertraline, losartan and Ang 1–7 via induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240558082400102X/pdfft?md5=f15c0c63779b70b09eed3aec9ec1f6c6&pid=1-s2.0-S240558082400102X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141083112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatments for cancer, but it can cause damage to normal tissues and lead to side effects. The use of radiosensitizers can enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation, thereby reducing the amount of radiation required and minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Bismuth selenide nanoparticles (Bi2Se3 NPs) have been shown to have potential as radiosensitizers.
Materials and methods
In this study, we investigated the potential of Bi2Se3 NPs as a radiosensitizer in colon cancer cells (HCT-116) in vitro. The cells were treated with various concentrations of Bi2Se3 NPs and then exposed to ionizing radiation. The viability of the cells was assessed using the MTT assay, and the survival rate was evaluated.
Results
Our results showed that Bi2Se3 NPs significantly enhanced the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to ionizing radiation in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of Bi2Se3 NPs and radiation resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability and survival rate compared to radiation alone.
Conclusion
Bi2Se3 NPs have the potential to be used as a radiosensitizer in the treatment of colon cancer. The findings of this study suggest that combining Bi2Se3 NPs with radiation may enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy and reduce the mortality rate associated with colon cancer. Further studies are needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of this approach in vivo.
{"title":"Bismuth selenide nanoparticles enhance radiation sensitivity in colon cancer cells in-vitro","authors":"Hossein Khosravi , Hamed Manoochehri , Abbas Farmany , Alireza Khoshghadam , Hassan Rafieemehr , Rasool Azmoonfar","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatments for cancer, but it can cause damage to normal tissues and lead to side effects. The use of radiosensitizers can enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation, thereby reducing the amount of radiation required and minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Bismuth selenide nanoparticles (Bi2Se3 NPs) have been shown to have potential as radiosensitizers.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>In this study, we investigated the potential of Bi2Se3 NPs as a radiosensitizer in colon cancer cells (HCT-116) in vitro. The cells were treated with various concentrations of Bi2Se3 NPs and then exposed to ionizing radiation. The viability of the cells was assessed using the MTT assay, and the survival rate was evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our results showed that Bi2Se3 NPs significantly enhanced the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to ionizing radiation in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of Bi2Se3 NPs and radiation resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability and survival rate compared to radiation alone.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Bi2Se3 NPs have the potential to be used as a radiosensitizer in the treatment of colon cancer. The findings of this study suggest that combining Bi2Se3 NPs with radiation may enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy and reduce the mortality rate associated with colon cancer. Further studies are needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of this approach in vivo.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824000967/pdfft?md5=d9fd249ec208eb85588261014ef3fa17&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824000967-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141077940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RUNX2 is a transcription factor crucial for bone formation. Mutant mice with varying levels of Runx2 expression display dosage-dependent skeletal abnormalities, underscoring the importance of Runx2 dosage control in skeletal formation. RUNX2 activity is regulated by several molecular mechanisms, including epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation. In this study, we investigated whether targeted repressive epigenome editing including hypermethylation to the Runx2-DMR/CpG island shore could influence Runx2 expression using Cas9-based epigenome-editing tools. Through the transient introduction of CRISPRoff-v2.1 and gRNAs targeting Runx2-DMR into MC3T3-E1 cells, we successfully induced hypermethylation of the region and concurrently reduced Runx2 expression during osteoblast differentiation. Although the epigenome editing of Runx2-DMR did not impact the expression of RUNX2 downstream target genes, these results indicate a causal relationship between the epigenetic status of the Runx2-DMR and Runx2 transcription. Additionally, we observed that hypermethylation of the Runx2-DMR persisted for at least 24 days under growth conditions but decreased during osteogenic differentiation, highlighting an endogenous DNA demethylation activity targeting the Runx2-DMR during the differentiation process. In summary, our study underscore the usefulness of the epigenome editing technology to evaluate the function of endogenous genetic elements and revealed that the Runx2-DMR methylation is actively regulated during osteoblast differentiation, subsequently could influence Runx2 expression.
{"title":"Epigenome editing revealed the role of DNA methylation of T-DMR/CpG island shore on Runx2 transcription","authors":"Yutaro Kawa , Miyuki Shindo , Jun Ohgane , Masafumi Inui","doi":"10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>RUNX2 is a transcription factor crucial for bone formation. Mutant mice with varying levels of <em>Runx2</em> expression display dosage-dependent skeletal abnormalities, underscoring the importance of <em>Runx2</em> dosage control in skeletal formation. RUNX2 activity is regulated by several molecular mechanisms, including epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation. In this study, we investigated whether targeted repressive epigenome editing including hypermethylation to the Runx2-DMR/CpG island shore could influence <em>Runx2</em> expression using Cas9-based epigenome-editing tools. Through the transient introduction of CRISPRoff-v2.1 and gRNAs targeting Runx2-DMR into MC3T3-E1 cells, we successfully induced hypermethylation of the region and concurrently reduced <em>Runx2</em> expression during osteoblast differentiation. Although the epigenome editing of Runx2-DMR did not impact the expression of RUNX2 downstream target genes, these results indicate a causal relationship between the epigenetic status of the Runx2-DMR and <em>Runx2</em> transcription. Additionally, we observed that hypermethylation of the Runx2-DMR persisted for at least 24 days under growth conditions but decreased during osteogenic differentiation, highlighting an endogenous DNA demethylation activity targeting the Runx2-DMR during the differentiation process. In summary, our study underscore the usefulness of the epigenome editing technology to evaluate the function of endogenous genetic elements and revealed that the Runx2-DMR methylation is actively regulated during osteoblast differentiation, subsequently could influence <em>Runx2</em> expression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8771,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580824000979/pdfft?md5=de0799a06bd730c27be6c87410af848e&pid=1-s2.0-S2405580824000979-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141067979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}