Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer最新文献_第2页

TERT promoter mutations in gliomas: Molecular roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic targeting, and drug resistance 胶质瘤中的 TERT 启动子突变：在肿瘤发生、转移、诊断、预后、靶向治疗和耐药性中的分子作用。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189243

Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan , Siddarth Kannan , Ali S. Alzahrani

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), a critical player in cellular immortalization, has emerged as a focal point of investigation due to its frequent promoter mutations in various human malignancies. TERT promoter mutations exhibit a significant role in tumorigenesis, fostering unbridled cellular proliferation and survival. This comprehensive review delves into the landscape of TERT promoter mutations and their profound implications in cancer, particularly within the context of gliomas. This article meticulously examines the intricate interplay between TERT promoter mutations and the metastatic cascade, shedding light on their capacity to orchestrate invasive behavior in gliomas. Moreover, this review describes the recent trends in therapeutic targeting of the TERT and dissects the evolving landscape of drug resistance associated with TERT mutations, providing insights into potential therapeutic challenges. In addition, the diagnostic and prognostic implications of TERT promoter mutations in gliomas are scrutinized, unraveling their potential as robust biomarkers. It also discusses the recent advancements in molecular diagnostics, illustrating the promise of TERT mutations as diagnostic tools and prognostic indicators. This review collectively aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of TERT promoter mutations in gliomas, offering a foundation for future research endeavors and paving the way for innovative strategies in glioma management.

端粒酶逆转录酶（TERT）是细胞永生化过程中的关键角色，由于其启动子在各种人类恶性肿瘤中频繁发生突变，它已成为研究的焦点。TERT 启动子突变在肿瘤发生中起着重要作用，可促进细胞肆意增殖和存活。这篇全面的综述深入探讨了 TERT 启动子突变的情况及其在癌症（尤其是胶质瘤）中的深远影响。本文细致研究了TERT启动子突变与转移级联之间错综复杂的相互作用，揭示了它们在胶质瘤中协调侵袭行为的能力。此外，这篇综述还描述了以TERT为靶点的最新治疗趋势，并剖析了与TERT突变相关的耐药性的演变情况，为潜在的治疗挑战提供了见解。此外，还仔细研究了胶质瘤中 TERT 启动子突变对诊断和预后的影响，揭示了其作为强大生物标志物的潜力。本综述还讨论了分子诊断的最新进展，展示了 TERT 基因突变作为诊断工具和预后指标的前景。本综述旨在加深对胶质瘤中 TERT 启动子突变的理解，为未来的研究工作奠定基础，并为胶质瘤管理的创新策略铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Targeting estrogen-related receptors to mitigate tumor resistance: A comprehensive approach to bridging cellular energy metabolism 靶向雌激素相关受体减轻肿瘤抵抗：一种桥接细胞能量代谢的综合方法。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189256

Yuan Ren , Xiaodan Mao , Wenyu Lin , Yi Chen , Rongfeng Chen , Pengming Sun

The war between humanity and malignant tumors has been ongoing, with continuous advancements in classic chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens, targeted drugs, endocrine therapy, and immunotherapy. However, tumor cells can develop primary or secondary resistance to these treatment options, making the issue of tumor resistance a major factor affecting patient prognosis and leading to recurrence. Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, primarily involved in regulating glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, serving as a central hub for intracellular energy metabolism. ERRs not only mediate insulin resistance but also participate in the mechanisms of drug resistance in various tumors, including breast cancer, osteosarcoma, endometrial cancer, lung cancer, and liver cancer, and even mediate resistance to radiation and immunotherapy. They mainly resist tumor treatment methods through metabolic reprogramming within cells, affecting mitochondrial energy metabolism, regulating metabolites such as cholesterol, glutamine, and lactate, or other signaling pathways, or by influencing the immune microenvironment. ERRs are promising targets for addressing the dilemma of tumor resistance. Currently, electrochemical luminescence biosensors for detecting ERRα in bodily fluids have been developed, making large-scale, low-cost detection of ERRα possible. Additionally, targeted inhibitors of ERRs have shown significant effects in suppressing cancer cell proliferation and reversing tumor resistance. This article reviews the research progress of ERRs in tumor resistance, providing important references for developing more effective anti-tumor treatment strategies.

人类与恶性肿瘤的战争一直在进行，经典的化疗和放疗方案、靶向药物、内分泌治疗、免疫治疗不断取得进展。然而，肿瘤细胞可对这些治疗方案产生原发性或继发性耐药，使肿瘤耐药问题成为影响患者预后和导致复发的主要因素。雌激素相关受体（ERRs）是核受体超家族的成员，主要参与调节葡萄糖、脂质和氨基酸代谢，是细胞内能量代谢的中枢。ERRs不仅介导胰岛素抵抗，还参与多种肿瘤的耐药机制，包括乳腺癌、骨肉瘤、子宫内膜癌、肺癌、肝癌，甚至介导对放射和免疫治疗的耐药。它们主要通过细胞内的代谢重编程，影响线粒体能量代谢，调节胆固醇、谷氨酰胺、乳酸等代谢物或其他信号通路，或通过影响免疫微环境来抵抗肿瘤治疗方法。ERRs是解决肿瘤耐药困境的有希望的靶点。目前，用于检测体液中ERRα的电化学发光生物传感器已经开发出来，使得大规模、低成本检测ERRα成为可能。此外，ers靶向抑制剂在抑制癌细胞增殖和逆转肿瘤耐药方面已显示出显著作用。本文综述了ERRs在肿瘤耐药中的研究进展，为制定更有效的抗肿瘤治疗策略提供重要参考。

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引用次数: 0

Targeting glutamine metabolism crosstalk with tumor immune response 靶向谷氨酰胺代谢串扰与肿瘤免疫应答。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189257

Chenshuang Dong , Yan Zhao , Yecheng Han , Ming Li , Guiling Wang

Glutamine, akin to glucose, is a fundamental nutrient for human physiology. Tumor progression is often accompanied by elevated glutamine consumption, resulting in a disrupted nutritional balance and metabolic reprogramming within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, immune cells, which depend on glutamine for metabolic support, may experience functional impairments and dysregulation. Although the role of glutamine in tumors has been extensively studied, the specific impact of glutamine competition on immune responses, as well as the precise cellular alterations within immune cells, remains incompletely understood. In this review, we summarize the consequences of glutamine deprivation induced by tumor-driven glutamine uptake on immune cells, assessing the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of various components of the immune microenvironment. Additionally, we discuss the potential synergistic effects of glutamine supplementation and immunotherapy, offering insights into future research directions. This review provides compelling evidence for the integration of glutamine metabolism and immunotherapy as a promising strategy in cancer therapy.

谷氨酰胺，类似于葡萄糖，是人体生理的基本营养素。肿瘤进展通常伴随着谷氨酰胺消耗升高，导致肿瘤微环境中营养平衡被破坏和代谢重编程。此外，依赖谷氨酰胺代谢支持的免疫细胞可能经历功能损伤和失调。尽管谷氨酰胺在肿瘤中的作用已被广泛研究，但谷氨酰胺竞争对免疫反应的具体影响，以及免疫细胞内精确的细胞改变，仍然不完全清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了由肿瘤驱动的谷氨酰胺摄取诱导的谷氨酰胺剥夺对免疫细胞的影响，并从免疫微环境的各个组成部分的角度评估了潜在的机制。此外，我们还讨论了谷氨酰胺补充和免疫治疗的潜在协同效应，并对未来的研究方向提出了见解。这篇综述提供了令人信服的证据，证明谷氨酰胺代谢和免疫治疗的整合是一种有前途的癌症治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

From natural herbal wisdom to nano innovation: Revolutionizing tumor treatment through intervening in metabolic reprogramming 从天然草药智慧到纳米创新：通过代谢重编程革新肿瘤治疗。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189263

Zhengguang Zhang , Haitao Wu , Min Li , Fuqiong Zhou , Yan Huang

In recent years, with the deepening understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis, metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a pivotal process in cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance, gradually paving the way for new avenues in precision oncology. Natural herbal ingredients, characterized by their multi-target engagement, low toxicity, and wide-ranging biological activities, exhibit unique advantages in anti-cancer therapy. Nonetheless, the clinical application of these components has been constrained by issues such as poor solubility, low bioavailability, and inadequate stability when administered through traditional delivery methods. The advent of multifunctional nanoformulations has offered solutions to these challenges, substantially advancing the utilization of natural herbal components in precision therapy targeting tumor metabolic reprogramming. This article provides a comprehensive review of the multidimensional features of cancer metabolic reprogramming and its intricate regulatory network, highlighting the latest advancements in metabolic regulation, targeted delivery, and precision therapy achieved through natural herbs and their multifunctional nanomedicines. It also offers insights into future directions in this field. We are justified in believing that continued breakthroughs in this area will usher in safer and more effective treatment options for cancer patients, heralding a new chapter in cancer therapy.

近年来，随着对肿瘤发生生物学机制认识的不断深入，代谢重编程已成为肿瘤发生、发展和耐药的关键过程，逐渐为精准肿瘤学开辟了新的途径。天然草药成分具有多靶点作用、低毒性和广泛的生物活性等特点，在抗癌治疗中具有独特的优势。然而，这些成分的临床应用一直受到诸如溶解度差、生物利用度低以及通过传统给药方法给药时稳定性不足等问题的限制。多功能纳米制剂的出现为这些挑战提供了解决方案，极大地促进了天然草药成分在靶向肿瘤代谢重编程的精确治疗中的应用。本文综述了肿瘤代谢重编程的多维特征及其复杂的调控网络，重点介绍了天然草药及其多功能纳米药物在代谢调控、靶向递送和精准治疗方面的最新进展。它还提供了对该领域未来发展方向的见解。我们有理由相信，这一领域的持续突破将为癌症患者带来更安全、更有效的治疗选择，预示着癌症治疗的新篇章。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling intricating roles and mechanisms of ferroptosis in melanoma 揭示黑素瘤中铁下垂的复杂作用和机制。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189234

Rui Tao , Yichuan Li , Song Gong , Qi Zhang , Zhanyong Zhu

Melanoma is a highly invasive malignant tumor originating from melanocytes, with increasing incidence in recent years. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent and non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species. Morphologically, ferroptosis exhibits the alteration in cells, such as reduced mitochondrial volume, increased density of bilayer membrane, and a decrease or disappearance of mitochondrial cristae. Ferroptosis has shown tremendous potential and applicability in regulating the development of melanoma. As melanoma progresses, certain biomarkers associated with ferroptosis display characteristic patterns of expression. These changes not only reveal the sensitivity of tumor cells to ferroptosis but also provide potential targets for diagnosis and treatment. Besides, inducing ferroptosis has been well-documented to inhibit the growth of melanoma and enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. Hence, this review emphasizes the roles and regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in melanoma development, the involved immune regulation, as well as the potential for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. The continuous explorations will endow novel strategies for developing ferroptosis-based therapies for melanoma.

黑色素瘤是一种起源于黑色素细胞的高度侵袭性恶性肿瘤，近年来发病率不断上升。铁死亡是一种铁依赖性和非凋亡形式的程序性细胞死亡，其特征是脂质过氧化物和活性氧的积累。形态学上，铁下垂表现为细胞的改变，如线粒体体积减少，双层膜密度增加，线粒体嵴减少或消失。上睑下垂在调节黑色素瘤的发展方面显示出巨大的潜力和适用性。随着黑色素瘤的进展，某些与铁下垂相关的生物标志物显示出特征性的表达模式。这些变化不仅揭示了肿瘤细胞对铁下垂的敏感性，而且为诊断和治疗提供了潜在的靶点。此外，诱导铁下垂可以抑制黑色素瘤的生长，提高肿瘤免疫治疗的疗效。因此，本文综述了铁下垂在黑色素瘤发展中的作用和调节机制，涉及的免疫调节，以及黑色素瘤的诊断和治疗潜力。不断的探索将为开发基于铁细胞凋亡的黑色素瘤治疗方法提供新的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Role of LEDGF/p75 (PSIP1) in oncogenesis. Insights in molecular mechanism and therapeutic potential LEDGF/p75 （PSIP1）在肿瘤发生中的作用分子机制和治疗潜力的见解。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189248

Muluembet Akele , Matteo Iervolino , Siska Van Belle , Frauke Christ , Zeger Debyser

Aberrant gene expression due to dysfunction in proteins involved in transcriptional regulation is a hallmark of tumor development. Indeed, targeting transcriptional regulators represents an emerging approach in cancer therapeutics. Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75, PSIP1) is a co-transcriptional activator that tethers several proteins to the chromatin. LEDGF/p75 has been implicated in diseases such as HIV infection and KMT2A-rearranged leukemia. Notably, LEDGF/p75 is upregulated in various human cancers including prostate and breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the essential role of LEDGF/p75 in different malignancies and explore its mechanistic contribution to tumorigenesis revealing its potential as a therapeutic target for chemotherapy.

由于参与转录调节的蛋白质功能障碍导致的基因异常表达是肿瘤发展的一个标志。事实上，靶向转录调节因子代表了癌症治疗中的一种新兴方法。晶状体上皮源性生长因子（LEDGF/p75, PSIP1）是一种共转录激活因子，可将几种蛋白质拴在染色质上。LEDGF/p75与HIV感染和mll重排白血病等疾病有关。值得注意的是，LEDGF/p75在包括前列腺癌和乳腺癌在内的多种人类癌症中上调。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了LEDGF/p75在不同恶性肿瘤中的重要作用，并探讨了其在肿瘤发生中的机制贡献，揭示了其作为化疗治疗靶点的潜力。

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the potential of gene editing techniques in revolutionizing Cancer treatment: A comprehensive overview 揭示基因编辑技术在癌症治疗革命中的潜力：全面概述。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189233

Pankaj Garg , Gargi Singhal , Siddhika Pareek , Prakash Kulkarni , David Horne , Aritro Nath , Ravi Salgia , Sharad S. Singhal

Gene editing techniques have emerged as powerful tools in biomedical research, offering precise manipulation of genetic material with the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of gene editing technologies, including CRISPR-Cas systems, base editing, prime editing, and synthetic gene circuits, highlighting their applications and potential in cancer therapy. It discusses the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of each gene editing approach, emphasizing their transformative impact on targeting oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and drug resistance mechanisms in various cancer types. The review delves into population-level interventions and precision prevention strategies enabled by gene editing technologies, including gene drives, synthetic gene circuits, and precision prevention tools, for controlling cancer-causing genes, targeting pre-cancerous lesions, and implementing personalized preventive measures. Ethical considerations, regulatory challenges, and future directions in gene editing research for cancer treatment are also addressed. This review highlights how gene editing could revolutionize precision medicine by enhancing patient care and advancing cancer treatments with targeted, personalized methods. For these benefits to be fully realized, collaboration among researchers, doctors, regulators, and patient advocates is crucial in fighting cancer and meeting clinical needs.

基因编辑技术已经成为生物医学研究中的强大工具，提供了对遗传物质的精确操作，有可能彻底改变癌症治疗策略。本文综述了基因编辑技术的现状，包括CRISPR-Cas系统、碱基编辑、引体编辑和合成基因电路，重点介绍了它们在癌症治疗中的应用和潜力。它讨论了每种基因编辑方法的机制、优势和局限性，强调了它们在各种癌症类型中靶向癌基因、肿瘤抑制基因和耐药机制方面的变革性影响。该综述深入研究了基因编辑技术实现的人群水平干预和精确预防策略，包括基因驱动、合成基因电路和精确预防工具，用于控制致癌基因，靶向癌前病变，实施个性化预防措施。还讨论了用于癌症治疗的基因编辑研究的伦理考虑、监管挑战和未来方向。这篇综述强调了基因编辑如何通过加强患者护理和以有针对性的个性化方法推进癌症治疗，从而彻底改变精准医学。为了充分实现这些好处，研究人员、医生、监管机构和患者倡导者之间的合作对于抗击癌症和满足临床需求至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the tumor microenvironment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through single-cell sequencing: A comprehensive review 通过单细胞测序揭示食管鳞状细胞癌的肿瘤微环境：综述。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2025.189264

Lingyu Qi, Jiaxin Wang, Songyuan Hou, Siying Liu, Qian Zhang, Shengtao Zhu, Si Liu, Shutian Zhang

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive malignancy. The progression, invasiveness, and metastatic potential of ESCC are shaped by a multitude of cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), including tumor cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, as well as fibroblasts and other cell types. Recent advancements in single-cell sequencing technologies have significantly enhanced our comprehension of the diverse landscape of ESCC. Single-cell multi-omics technology, particularly single-cell transcriptome sequencing, have shed light on the expression profiles of individual cells and the molecular characteristics of distinct tumor cell populations. This review summarizes the latest literature on single-cell research in the field of ESCC, aiming to elucidate the heterogeneity of tumor cells, immune cells, and stromal cells at the single-cell level. Furthermore, it explores the impact of cellular interactions within the TME on the progression of ESCC. By compiling a comprehensive overview of single-cell omics research on ESCC, this article aims to enhance our understanding of ESCC diagnosis and treatment by elucidating the intricate interplay within the TME. It explores the cellular composition, spatial arrangement, and functional attributes of the ESCC TME, offering potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for personalized treatment strategies.

食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCC）是一种高度异质性和侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。ESCC的进展、侵袭性和转移潜力是由肿瘤微环境（TME）中的大量细胞决定的，包括肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞、内皮细胞、成纤维细胞和其他类型的细胞。单细胞测序技术的最新进展大大提高了我们对ESCC多样性景观的理解。单细胞多组学技术，特别是单细胞转录组测序，揭示了单个细胞的表达谱和不同肿瘤细胞群的分子特征。本文综述了ESCC单细胞研究的最新文献，旨在阐明肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞和基质细胞在单细胞水平上的异质性。此外，它还探讨了TME内细胞相互作用对ESCC进展的影响。通过对ESCC单细胞组学研究的全面综述，本文旨在通过阐明TME中复杂的相互作用来提高我们对ESCC诊断和治疗的理解。它探讨了ESCC TME的细胞组成、空间排列和功能属性，为个性化治疗策略提供了潜在的治疗靶点和生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

Decoding β-catenin associated protein-protein interactions: Emerging cancer therapeutic opportunities 解码β-连环蛋白相关蛋白-蛋白相互作用：新兴的癌症治疗机会。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189232

Yue Yan , Yiting Gong , Xiaohui Liang , Qingyi Xiong, Jiayi Lin, Ye Wu, Lijun Zhang, Hongzhuan Chen, Jinmei Jin, Xin Luan

The hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling circuit has been proven to be closely related to the progression of various cancers, with β-catenin serving as a central regulator of pro-tumorigenic processes. Preclinical evidences strongly support β-catenin as a promising therapeutic target. However, it has long been considered “undruggable” due to challenges such as the lack of crystal structures for its N- and C-terminal domains, high mutation rates, and limited availability of inhibitors. Notably, the network of β-catenin-associated protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is vital in the progression of multiple diseases. These interactions form a cancer-specific network that participates in all phases of oncogenesis, from cell metastasis to immunosuppressive microenvironment formation. Thus, researches on these PPIs are essential for unraveling the molecular mechanisms behind tumors with aberrant β-catenin activation, as well as for developing new targeted therapies. In this review, we delve into how β-catenin's PPIs orchestrate cancer progression and highlight biological and clinical dilemmas, proposing frontier technologies and potential challenges in targeting β-catenin for cancer therapy.

过度活跃的Wnt/β-catenin信号通路已被证明与各种癌症的进展密切相关，β-catenin在促肿瘤过程中起着中心调节作用。临床前证据有力地支持β-catenin作为一个有希望的治疗靶点。然而，由于缺乏N端和c端结构域的晶体结构、高突变率和抑制剂的有限可用性等挑战，它一直被认为是“不可药物的”。值得注意的是，β-连环蛋白相关蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPIs）网络在多种疾病的进展中至关重要。这些相互作用形成了一个癌症特异性网络，参与了肿瘤发生的所有阶段，从细胞转移到免疫抑制微环境的形成。因此，对这些PPIs的研究对于揭示具有异常β-连环蛋白激活的肿瘤背后的分子机制以及开发新的靶向治疗方法至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们深入研究了β-catenin的PPIs如何协调癌症进展，并强调了生物学和临床困境，提出了靶向β-catenin用于癌症治疗的前沿技术和潜在挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Circulating tumor cells in solid malignancies: From advanced isolation technologies to biological understanding and clinical relevance in early diagnosis and prognosis 实体恶性肿瘤中的循环肿瘤细胞：从先进的分离技术到生物学认识以及早期诊断和预后的临床相关性。

IF 9.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189236

Divya Janjua, Apoorva Chaudhary, Udit Joshi, Tanya Tripathi, Alok Chandra Bharti

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from primary tumors and travel through the body via circulation, eventually settling to form micrometastases under favorable conditions. Numerous studies have identified CTCs as a negative prognostic indicator for survival across various cancer types. CTCs mirror the current heterogeneity and genetic and biological state of tumors, making their study invaluable for understanding tumor progression, cell senescence, and cancer dormancy. However, their isolation and characterization still poses a major challenge that limits their clinical translation. A wide array of methods, each with different levels of specificity, utility, cost, and sensitivity, have been developed to isolate and characterize CTCs. Moreover, innovative techniques are emerging to address the limitations of existing methods. In this review, we provide insights into CTC biology addressing spectra of markers employed for molecular analysis and functional characterization. It also emphasizes current label-dependent and label-independent isolation procedures, addressing their strengths and limitations.

Significance

A comprehensive overview of CTC biology, their molecular and functional characterization, along with their current clinical utility will help in understanding the present-day extent to which the clinical potential of CTCs is getting tapped in personalized medicine.

循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs）从原发肿瘤中脱落并通过循环在体内传播，最终在有利条件下沉淀形成微转移。许多研究已经确定ctc是各种癌症类型生存的负面预后指标。CTCs反映了当前肿瘤的异质性和遗传生物学状态，使其研究对了解肿瘤进展、细胞衰老和癌症休眠具有重要价值。然而，它们的分离和表征仍然是限制其临床转化的主要挑战。已经开发了一系列广泛的方法来分离和表征ctc，每种方法都具有不同水平的特异性、实用性、成本和敏感性。此外，创新技术正在出现，以解决现有方法的局限性。在这篇综述中，我们提供了CTC生物学的见解，解决了用于分子分析和功能表征的标记光谱。它还强调当前的标签依赖和标签独立的隔离程序，解决他们的长处和局限性。意义：全面概述CTC生物学，它们的分子和功能特征，以及它们目前的临床应用，将有助于理解目前CTC在个性化医疗中被开发的临床潜力的程度。

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引用次数: 0