Background: Dairy industry is one of the largest and fastest growing industry in the world. This industry faces challenges regarding lack of quality and low productivity. Large amount of fresh water is consumed and wastewater is generated in this industry. Methods: To study about the functioning, operations, management and consumption of resources in the Indian dairy industry, three dairies situated in major cities of Maharashtra, India- Dairy A in Jalgaon, Dairy B in Pune and Dairy C in Mumbai are selected. Site visits and interviews are done to collect the extensive and holistic in-time data. Result: Large quantity of milk is processed and various milk products are manufactured in each of these dairies. Fresh water consumed by different dairies varies between 5-6 LLPD. Enormous amount of wastewater is generated at the different stages in the milk processing and at various sources such as at milk receiving stations, in manufacturing of milk products and in cleaning and washing of equipment, tankers and floors. Average 900 KW/ day of energy is spent for the effluent treatment in these dairies. Dairy A and B uses briquettes as an alternative energy source for the boiler while dairy C adapts solar as alternative technology. Minimisation of waste and utilisation and recovery from the waste can certainly help to improve productivity and reduce environmental footprint along with the growth and progress of this industry as well as country’s economy.
{"title":"Understanding the Operations of the Indian Dairy Industry- A Case Study","authors":"","doi":"10.18805/bkap619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap619","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dairy industry is one of the largest and fastest growing industry in the world. This industry faces challenges regarding lack of quality and low productivity. Large amount of fresh water is consumed and wastewater is generated in this industry. Methods: To study about the functioning, operations, management and consumption of resources in the Indian dairy industry, three dairies situated in major cities of Maharashtra, India- Dairy A in Jalgaon, Dairy B in Pune and Dairy C in Mumbai are selected. Site visits and interviews are done to collect the extensive and holistic in-time data. Result: Large quantity of milk is processed and various milk products are manufactured in each of these dairies. Fresh water consumed by different dairies varies between 5-6 LLPD. Enormous amount of wastewater is generated at the different stages in the milk processing and at various sources such as at milk receiving stations, in manufacturing of milk products and in cleaning and washing of equipment, tankers and floors. Average 900 KW/ day of energy is spent for the effluent treatment in these dairies. Dairy A and B uses briquettes as an alternative energy source for the boiler while dairy C adapts solar as alternative technology. Minimisation of waste and utilisation and recovery from the waste can certainly help to improve productivity and reduce environmental footprint along with the growth and progress of this industry as well as country’s economy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86915162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Jaiswal, Nitesh kumar Sharma, Uma ., M. Iquebal, A. Rai, D. Kumar
Background: Copy number variants (CNVs) account for a significant amount of genetic variation. Since many CNVs include genes that result in differential levels of gene expression, substantial normal phenotypic variation can be explained. Current efforts are directed toward a more comprehensive characterization of CNVs that will provide the basis for determining how genomic diversity impacts biological function, evolution and common diseases in human as well as plants. Methods: The analytical variability in next generation sequencing (NGS) and artifacts in coverage data along with lack of robust bioinformatics tools for CNV detection have limited the utility of targeted NGS data to identify CNVs. Literature has the evidence of development of deep learning-based pipeline that incorporates a machine learning component to identify CNVs from targeted NGS data. Result: It is believed that combining this with clinical “gold standard” (e.g. FISH) information, the CNV detection could be more accurate. This would lead to a new research direction, supplementing the existing NGS methods.
{"title":"CNV Deep Learning based Methodology for Recognition","authors":"S. Jaiswal, Nitesh kumar Sharma, Uma ., M. Iquebal, A. Rai, D. Kumar","doi":"10.18805/bkap582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap582","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Copy number variants (CNVs) account for a significant amount of genetic variation. Since many CNVs include genes that result in differential levels of gene expression, substantial normal phenotypic variation can be explained. Current efforts are directed toward a more comprehensive characterization of CNVs that will provide the basis for determining how genomic diversity impacts biological function, evolution and common diseases in human as well as plants. Methods: The analytical variability in next generation sequencing (NGS) and artifacts in coverage data along with lack of robust bioinformatics tools for CNV detection have limited the utility of targeted NGS data to identify CNVs. Literature has the evidence of development of deep learning-based pipeline that incorporates a machine learning component to identify CNVs from targeted NGS data. Result: It is believed that combining this with clinical “gold standard” (e.g. FISH) information, the CNV detection could be more accurate. This would lead to a new research direction, supplementing the existing NGS methods.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81109507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we have proposed a structure that can accumulate information related to nursery climate and yield status and control the framework naturally considering the assembled information. By deeply noticing occasional conditions, this study has the justification behind getting an association between sensor banners and reference assessments. Control programming will give data findings of the continuous show. Through long-time running and functional utilization, the framework has been demonstrated that it has numerous points of interest. To monitor the environment inside the greenhouse different parameters have been considered such as light, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, etc. using different sensors like DHT22 temperature and humidity Sensor, LDR, grove-moisture sensor, etc. which will be interfaced with a microcontroller. A shut circle framework will execute control activity to change temperature, mugginess, light power and soil dampness if any undesirable blunders (high/low) happen.
{"title":"An Automatic Monitoring and Control System inside the Greenhouse","authors":"P. Subhapriya, K. Santhosh","doi":"10.18805/bkap579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap579","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we have proposed a structure that can accumulate information related to nursery climate and yield status and control the framework naturally considering the assembled information. By deeply noticing occasional conditions, this study has the justification behind getting an association between sensor banners and reference assessments. Control programming will give data findings of the continuous show. Through long-time running and functional utilization, the framework has been demonstrated that it has numerous points of interest. To monitor the environment inside the greenhouse different parameters have been considered such as light, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, etc. using different sensors like DHT22 temperature and humidity Sensor, LDR, grove-moisture sensor, etc. which will be interfaced with a microcontroller. A shut circle framework will execute control activity to change temperature, mugginess, light power and soil dampness if any undesirable blunders (high/low) happen.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73914103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres (AC and ABCs) is a scheme implemented by the Government of India in collaboration with the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) to provide assistance for the development of entrepreneurship in agriculture, creating employment opportunities for the unemployed agricultural graduates and also providing extension services to the farmers in rural areas. The present study is a modest attempt to evaluate the progress and performance of the Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres scheme in India from its inception to the present day by looking at state-by-state, training institute-by-training institute and project-by-project results. Methods: The study is based on the contemporary analysis of secondary data gathered from books, magazines, newspapers, reports, Publications, Research Articles and official websites from 1st April 2002 to 31st December 2021. Furthermore, the researcher acquired knowledge from both published and unpublished thesis in order to make the study interesting and beneficial. Result: It is found from the analysis that Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh are the leading states in implementing the scheme successfully as compared to the Hilly States. A little attention is focused on hilly states in terms of training and establishing agriventures. Hence, the government should pay special attention to the hilly states and take suitable policy measures to meet the requirements of the farmers residing in Hilly areas and also on fulfilling the goals of the scheme.
{"title":"Progress and Performance of Agri-clinics and Agri-business Centres Scheme in India","authors":"G. V. Bharathi, P. Sudhakar","doi":"10.18805/bkap436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap436","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres (AC and ABCs) is a scheme implemented by the Government of India in collaboration with the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) to provide assistance for the development of entrepreneurship in agriculture, creating employment opportunities for the unemployed agricultural graduates and also providing extension services to the farmers in rural areas. The present study is a modest attempt to evaluate the progress and performance of the Agri-Clinics and Agri-Business Centres scheme in India from its inception to the present day by looking at state-by-state, training institute-by-training institute and project-by-project results. Methods: The study is based on the contemporary analysis of secondary data gathered from books, magazines, newspapers, reports, Publications, Research Articles and official websites from 1st April 2002 to 31st December 2021. Furthermore, the researcher acquired knowledge from both published and unpublished thesis in order to make the study interesting and beneficial. Result: It is found from the analysis that Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh are the leading states in implementing the scheme successfully as compared to the Hilly States. A little attention is focused on hilly states in terms of training and establishing agriventures. Hence, the government should pay special attention to the hilly states and take suitable policy measures to meet the requirements of the farmers residing in Hilly areas and also on fulfilling the goals of the scheme.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91115268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this review paper is to summarize on the history, advantages, disadvantages of in vitro micropropagation of strawberry crop. Since the traditional method of propagation, that is, the use of runners as propagating material, is not that efficient because it leads to the spread of viral diseases. We have to go for in vitro micropropagation, the crops also yield more when compared to traditional methods of propagation. The paper also reviews a study done to develop a protocol for large-scale propagation of strawberry cv. ‘Sweet Charlie’ and ‘Winter Dawn’ using the micropropagation technique. Shoot cultures were obtained from shoot tips on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 4% table sugar, 0.75% agar, 5 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine and 0.01 mg L-1 kinetin. These shoots were multiplied and maintained on MS medium with 1 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine and 0.1 mg L-1 kinetin. Rooting of in vitro raised shoots was successfully conducted by pulse treatment with 500 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid for 30 s and subsequent culturing in MS medium with 1 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid, 0.1 g L-1 activated charcoal and 6% table sugar. Plants were successfully acclimatized and survived in field conditions.
{"title":"Micropropagation of Strawberry Crop (Fragaria ananassa): A Review","authors":"Akash Sanjay Valliath, Radhajogita Mondal","doi":"10.18805/bkap529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap529","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this review paper is to summarize on the history, advantages, disadvantages of in vitro micropropagation of strawberry crop. Since the traditional method of propagation, that is, the use of runners as propagating material, is not that efficient because it leads to the spread of viral diseases. We have to go for in vitro micropropagation, the crops also yield more when compared to traditional methods of propagation. The paper also reviews a study done to develop a protocol for large-scale propagation of strawberry cv. ‘Sweet Charlie’ and ‘Winter Dawn’ using the micropropagation technique. Shoot cultures were obtained from shoot tips on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 4% table sugar, 0.75% agar, 5 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine and 0.01 mg L-1 kinetin. These shoots were multiplied and maintained on MS medium with 1 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine and 0.1 mg L-1 kinetin. Rooting of in vitro raised shoots was successfully conducted by pulse treatment with 500 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid for 30 s and subsequent culturing in MS medium with 1 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid, 0.1 g L-1 activated charcoal and 6% table sugar. Plants were successfully acclimatized and survived in field conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73526799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increased demand for indigenous native dog’s breeds like Rajapalayam, Kanni and Chippiparai, leading to flourishing of more kennels in and around the breeding tract of the above breeds. The breeders without an experience in dog breeding are also involved in this dog breeding business and some of them face number of problems in running the business and meet with fiscal loss. Individuals who run the kennel with successful managemental practices and marketing tactics can only survive in this business. Considering the above problems in mind, a study was carried out to list out the major constraints perceived by the kennel owners of the indigenous dog breeds so as to sketch out a package of practices in indigenous dog breeding business. A study was carried out to identify the major constraints perceived by the dog breeders of the above indigenous dog breeds. The data were collected by pre-tested interview scheme from 39 kennel owners randomly selected from the breeding tract viz Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts of Tamil Nadu. Prime constraints listed in the previous study were used to get response form the kennel owners. Kennel owners with more than five year of experience and maintaining more than 25 adult breedable dogs were interviewed. The constraints perceived by the kennel owners were collected and Garett’s ranking technique was followed to rank the constraints perceived by them in their business. The study revealed that, majority of the dog breeders reported that, the unavailability of timely veterinary care (83.80%) is the major problem in dog breeding business followed by high cost involved in establishment of kennel (70.15%), difficulty in getting KCI registration for their dog (58.23%), unavailability of Vaccine (56%), frequent disease problems (50%), unethical business tactics by the competitors (48.33), inbreeding and inherited diseases (45%), pup Mortality(40%), poor breeding performance of dogs (35%), low demand and low price for the pups (28%) and unaware about scientific management (17%).
{"title":"Constraints Perceived by the Kennel Owners in Rearing of Indigenous Dog Breeds (Rajapalayam, Kanni and Chippiparai Dog) in Southern Districts of Tamil Nadu","authors":"R. Selvakkumar","doi":"10.18805/bkap515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap515","url":null,"abstract":"The increased demand for indigenous native dog’s breeds like Rajapalayam, Kanni and Chippiparai, leading to flourishing of more kennels in and around the breeding tract of the above breeds. The breeders without an experience in dog breeding are also involved in this dog breeding business and some of them face number of problems in running the business and meet with fiscal loss. Individuals who run the kennel with successful managemental practices and marketing tactics can only survive in this business. Considering the above problems in mind, a study was carried out to list out the major constraints perceived by the kennel owners of the indigenous dog breeds so as to sketch out a package of practices in indigenous dog breeding business. A study was carried out to identify the major constraints perceived by the dog breeders of the above indigenous dog breeds. The data were collected by pre-tested interview scheme from 39 kennel owners randomly selected from the breeding tract viz Virudhunagar, Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts of Tamil Nadu. Prime constraints listed in the previous study were used to get response form the kennel owners. Kennel owners with more than five year of experience and maintaining more than 25 adult breedable dogs were interviewed. The constraints perceived by the kennel owners were collected and Garett’s ranking technique was followed to rank the constraints perceived by them in their business. The study revealed that, majority of the dog breeders reported that, the unavailability of timely veterinary care (83.80%) is the major problem in dog breeding business followed by high cost involved in establishment of kennel (70.15%), difficulty in getting KCI registration for their dog (58.23%), unavailability of Vaccine (56%), frequent disease problems (50%), unethical business tactics by the competitors (48.33), inbreeding and inherited diseases (45%), pup Mortality(40%), poor breeding performance of dogs (35%), low demand and low price for the pups (28%) and unaware about scientific management (17%).","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86828780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. V. Kumar, B. Raj, A. Sriraghul, K. Sadanish, N. Raj, K.S. Prajith, M. Tamilselvan
Background: Fertilizers are important source of nutrients required by plants at different growth stages. These fertilizers can be organic and inorganic. Organic and inorganic fertilizers are different from each other in their action and contain different types of nutrients. Each fertilizer has its own effect on soil and plants. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers reducees the soil fertility by affecting the soil physical, chemical and biological properties, so it is essential to balance the negative effect of inorganic fertilizers with the use of organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers contain nutrients required for optimum plant growth. With the increase in soil organic matter, the percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil also increases. Methods: A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil properties. Experiment consisted of six treatments, comprising of organic and inorganic treatments and absolute control. Inorganic treatment received recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF). Organic treatments received different dose of organic manures like vermicompost and farm yard manure. Result: Application of organic manure viz vermicompost remarkably improved in soil fertility. Soil pH was not significantly influenced by organic and inorganic treatments. However, relatively higher EC was recorded with the application of 100 per cent RDF. Application of organic manure viz vermicompost resulted in the buildup of soil organic carbon and markedly enhanced the nutrient availability of nitrogen, phosphrous and potassium in soil. Soil microbial population viz., bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were increased due to the application of organic manure through vermicompost.
{"title":"Comparing the Effect of Organic and Inorganic Amendments on Soil Health","authors":"K. V. Kumar, B. Raj, A. Sriraghul, K. Sadanish, N. Raj, K.S. Prajith, M. Tamilselvan","doi":"10.18805/bkap599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap599","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fertilizers are important source of nutrients required by plants at different growth stages. These fertilizers can be organic and inorganic. Organic and inorganic fertilizers are different from each other in their action and contain different types of nutrients. Each fertilizer has its own effect on soil and plants. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers reducees the soil fertility by affecting the soil physical, chemical and biological properties, so it is essential to balance the negative effect of inorganic fertilizers with the use of organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers contain nutrients required for optimum plant growth. With the increase in soil organic matter, the percentage of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil also increases. Methods: A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil properties. Experiment consisted of six treatments, comprising of organic and inorganic treatments and absolute control. Inorganic treatment received recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF). Organic treatments received different dose of organic manures like vermicompost and farm yard manure. Result: Application of organic manure viz vermicompost remarkably improved in soil fertility. Soil pH was not significantly influenced by organic and inorganic treatments. However, relatively higher EC was recorded with the application of 100 per cent RDF. Application of organic manure viz vermicompost resulted in the buildup of soil organic carbon and markedly enhanced the nutrient availability of nitrogen, phosphrous and potassium in soil. Soil microbial population viz., bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were increased due to the application of organic manure through vermicompost.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78798984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. S. Meena, R. Sharma, Rajiv Kumar, P. K. Mallick, Arun C. S. Kumar
The main objective of the study is to increase the meat production by rearing of Avishaan sheep. Avishaan sheep is a prolific sheep which is developed through crossing of three indigenous sheep breed (Garole, Malpura and Patanwadi). Avishaan sheep produce more number of lambs due to presence of FecB gene, inherited from microsheep Garole of West Bengal state of India. Avishaan sheep has better reproductive efficiency and litter size as compared to non-prolific Indian sheep breeds. Avishaan sheep has higher litter size, more litter weight and sufficient milk for their neonates. Therefore, it will be boon for farmers toward doubling the income by selling additional lambs received due to prolificacy trait inheritance. At commercial level, under intensive system, Avishaan sheep farming is most suitable for maximum profit. In future, due to declining natural resources, Avishaan sheep will fulfill the increasing meat demand of the nation.
{"title":"Prolific Avishaan Sheep Toward Doubling the Farmer Income: A Review","authors":"A. S. Meena, R. Sharma, Rajiv Kumar, P. K. Mallick, Arun C. S. Kumar","doi":"10.18805/bkap565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap565","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the study is to increase the meat production by rearing of Avishaan sheep. Avishaan sheep is a prolific sheep which is developed through crossing of three indigenous sheep breed (Garole, Malpura and Patanwadi). Avishaan sheep produce more number of lambs due to presence of FecB gene, inherited from microsheep Garole of West Bengal state of India. Avishaan sheep has better reproductive efficiency and litter size as compared to non-prolific Indian sheep breeds. Avishaan sheep has higher litter size, more litter weight and sufficient milk for their neonates. Therefore, it will be boon for farmers toward doubling the income by selling additional lambs received due to prolificacy trait inheritance. At commercial level, under intensive system, Avishaan sheep farming is most suitable for maximum profit. In future, due to declining natural resources, Avishaan sheep will fulfill the increasing meat demand of the nation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Talukdar, K. Sarma, G. Kalita, S. Rahman, R. Goswami, G. Chethan, H. Das, B. Konwar
Agriculture is the major source of livelihood for the majority (85%) of the rural population in Mizoram and livestock plays an important role in that. Livestock are socially and economically very significant due to its multi-functional outputs and socio-cultural security. Dairy cattle are mainly reared by medium-scale farmers, while poultry and pigs are important sources of livelihood for the landless, near landless, marginal and small farmers. Even the milk productivity of crossbred cattle which represents 45% of the cattle is higher than the Indian average. Meat production is the major livestock activity in Mizoram and bovine meat is relished. The yield of pork is nearly three times the average productivity of the nation and it can serve as viable instruments for enhancing the income of the household. The income from the sale of eggs, chicken and pork is furthermore important to finance the daily purchases of the household.
{"title":"Role of Animal Husbandry Practice in Upliftment of Socio-economic Status of Mizo Farmer: A Review","authors":"D. Talukdar, K. Sarma, G. Kalita, S. Rahman, R. Goswami, G. Chethan, H. Das, B. Konwar","doi":"10.18805/bkap572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap572","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is the major source of livelihood for the majority (85%) of the rural population in Mizoram and livestock plays an important role in that. Livestock are socially and economically very significant due to its multi-functional outputs and socio-cultural security. Dairy cattle are mainly reared by medium-scale farmers, while poultry and pigs are important sources of livelihood for the landless, near landless, marginal and small farmers. Even the milk productivity of crossbred cattle which represents 45% of the cattle is higher than the Indian average. Meat production is the major livestock activity in Mizoram and bovine meat is relished. The yield of pork is nearly three times the average productivity of the nation and it can serve as viable instruments for enhancing the income of the household. The income from the sale of eggs, chicken and pork is furthermore important to finance the daily purchases of the household.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88056005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hydroponics or water-culture-based agricultural systems are devoted to a reasonable prospect for future farming agriculture production. Especially in that region where the fertility of agricultural land is continuously going to there is a decline in groundwater level for irrigation. Hydroponics-based agriculture system realizes an admiring action towards an eco-friendly system and innovative technique to overcome challenges concerning food safety. Hydroponics is an advanced agriculture technique in which the plants grow without soil and without any pesticide use. It is used to grow plants, vegetables and shrubs on vertical as well as horizontal basis in the series and parallel. It could be applied via glass pots, clay pots, PVC pipes and useless plastic buckets and bottles. Methods: In the present study vegetables, flowering plants and shrubs were grown successfully by the use of mainly three techniques of hydroponics namely Kratky, Wick and DFT methods. This study was continued for two and half years (4th July 2020 to 21st March 2021 and December 2019 to April 2020) with controlled pH and TDS of the nutrient solution and conducted at different Indian climatic, weather and seasonal conditions at Markanda National College,Shahabad Markanda and at the researcher’s home. Several vegetables and plants were grown from Kratky, Wick and DFT hydroponics methods under continuous monitoring of pH and TDS of nutrient solutions. Result: During the conduction of this study of the growth of mustard, ladyfinger, spinach, marigold, daisy basil (Tulsi), cucumber, cauliflower, broccoli, tomatoes, peas, peppermint, coriander leaves plants in different sessions; some challenges and opportunities were discussed. The main objective of this research study is to spread awareness about novel types of advanced future agricultural techniques or farming among the farmers and masses, who have an interest in agriculture but cannot fulfill their ambitions towards agriculture farming due to scarcity of agricultural land. The results obtained from the growth of vegetable and plant through hydroponics methods province us to follow an idea to use of such agricultural techniques. We have grown several below said crops/vegetables two or three times and face several problems. It is an opportunity to overcome the world’s food scarcity at a large scale, if adopted by a large population all over the world.
{"title":"Assessing Opportunities and Difficulties in Hydroponic Farming","authors":"Suresh Kumar, Shylendra Kumar, J. Lal","doi":"10.18805/bkap556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap556","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hydroponics or water-culture-based agricultural systems are devoted to a reasonable prospect for future farming agriculture production. Especially in that region where the fertility of agricultural land is continuously going to there is a decline in groundwater level for irrigation. Hydroponics-based agriculture system realizes an admiring action towards an eco-friendly system and innovative technique to overcome challenges concerning food safety. Hydroponics is an advanced agriculture technique in which the plants grow without soil and without any pesticide use. It is used to grow plants, vegetables and shrubs on vertical as well as horizontal basis in the series and parallel. It could be applied via glass pots, clay pots, PVC pipes and useless plastic buckets and bottles. Methods: In the present study vegetables, flowering plants and shrubs were grown successfully by the use of mainly three techniques of hydroponics namely Kratky, Wick and DFT methods. This study was continued for two and half years (4th July 2020 to 21st March 2021 and December 2019 to April 2020) with controlled pH and TDS of the nutrient solution and conducted at different Indian climatic, weather and seasonal conditions at Markanda National College,Shahabad Markanda and at the researcher’s home. Several vegetables and plants were grown from Kratky, Wick and DFT hydroponics methods under continuous monitoring of pH and TDS of nutrient solutions. Result: During the conduction of this study of the growth of mustard, ladyfinger, spinach, marigold, daisy basil (Tulsi), cucumber, cauliflower, broccoli, tomatoes, peas, peppermint, coriander leaves plants in different sessions; some challenges and opportunities were discussed. The main objective of this research study is to spread awareness about novel types of advanced future agricultural techniques or farming among the farmers and masses, who have an interest in agriculture but cannot fulfill their ambitions towards agriculture farming due to scarcity of agricultural land. The results obtained from the growth of vegetable and plant through hydroponics methods province us to follow an idea to use of such agricultural techniques. We have grown several below said crops/vegetables two or three times and face several problems. It is an opportunity to overcome the world’s food scarcity at a large scale, if adopted by a large population all over the world.\u0000","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78951175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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