V. Fariz, Swati Shedage, Mohammed Shamsan Mannengal, Ayate Dipika
Background: Queen’s flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa) is an important ornamental plant that is utilised in residential landscape and avenue plantation for both public and private purposes around the world. Seed dormancy problem in Lagerstroemia which negatively affects germination. To overcome the challenges associated with seed propagation, researchers have explored rooted Lagerstroemia speciosa cuttings as an alternative method. Methods: Three concentrations of IBA (Indole-3- butyric acid) @ 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 3000 ppm were used to root initiation of Lagerstroemia speciosa stem cuttings. There were four treatments: 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and control. Result: The 2000 ppm IBA treatment performed the better response in comparision to other treatments and recorded, 79 per cent rooting, followed by the treatment 3000 ppm IBA, (76 per cent rooting) and in the control, (68 per cent). In 2000 ppm IBA, the percentage of rooting, the number of roots per cutting and the length of the longest roots all are at their peak as well as showed the superior growth performance. The growth parameters of IBA-@ 2000 ppm treated cuttings revealed that this is the optimum IBA concentration for Lagerstroemia speciosa propagation trough cuttings in a semi-arid climate.
背景：皇后花（Lagerstroemia speciosa）是一种重要的观赏植物，世界各地的公共和私人住宅景观和林荫道种植中都会用到它。皇后花的种子休眠问题对发芽有负面影响。为了克服与种子繁殖相关的挑战，研究人员探索了带根扦插 Lagerstroemia speciosa 作为替代方法。方法：使用三种浓度的 IBA（吲哚-3-丁酸）（浓度分别为 1000 ppm、2000 ppm 和 3000 ppm）来扦插生根。共有四个处理：1000ppm、2000ppm、3000ppm 和对照。结果：与其他处理相比，2000 ppm IBA 处理的生根率更高，达到 79%，其次是 3000 ppm IBA 处理（76%）和对照组（68%）。在 2000ppm IBA 处理中，生根率、每枝生根数和最长根的长度都达到了最高值，显示出优异的生长性能。经 IBA-@ 2000 ppm 处理的插条的生长参数表明，这是半干旱气候条件下通过扦插繁殖 Lagerstroemia speciosa 的最佳 IBA 浓度。
{"title":"Optimization of Rooting Behaviour by the Application of IBA on the Cuttings of Queens Flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa)","authors":"V. Fariz, Swati Shedage, Mohammed Shamsan Mannengal, Ayate Dipika","doi":"10.18805/bkap653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap653","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Queen’s flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa) is an important ornamental plant that is utilised in residential landscape and avenue plantation for both public and private purposes around the world. Seed dormancy problem in Lagerstroemia which negatively affects germination. To overcome the challenges associated with seed propagation, researchers have explored rooted Lagerstroemia speciosa cuttings as an alternative method. Methods: Three concentrations of IBA (Indole-3- butyric acid) @ 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 3000 ppm were used to root initiation of Lagerstroemia speciosa stem cuttings. There were four treatments: 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and control. Result: The 2000 ppm IBA treatment performed the better response in comparision to other treatments and recorded, 79 per cent rooting, followed by the treatment 3000 ppm IBA, (76 per cent rooting) and in the control, (68 per cent). In 2000 ppm IBA, the percentage of rooting, the number of roots per cutting and the length of the longest roots all are at their peak as well as showed the superior growth performance. The growth parameters of IBA-@ 2000 ppm treated cuttings revealed that this is the optimum IBA concentration for Lagerstroemia speciosa propagation trough cuttings in a semi-arid climate.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"23 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139267811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mixture experiments belong to the response surface design category, involving the combination of multiple components to create a product. These products are commonly encountered in daily life. In some cases, mixture experiments yield qualitative responses, such as taste in a fruit punch. Qualitative variables often deviate from a normal distribution. Methods: To address non-normal responses, a generalized linear model, specifically the logistic model, is employed. This study utilizes logistic models and develops suitable search algorithms to obtain saturated D-optimal designs for mixture experiments. The validation of D-optimality criteria is based on the General Equivalence Theorem. Result: For generating locally D-optimal designs, the logistic model is utilized considering non-normally distributed errors. While the procedure remains the same for other nonlinear models, the assumptions regarding error distribution impact the Fisher information matrix (FIM).
{"title":"Construction of Saturated D-optimal Designs for Mixture Experiments with a Non Normal Response using an Algorithmic Search","authors":"Rahul Banerjee, Seema Jaggi, Eldho Varghese, Arpan Bhowmik, Cini Varghese, Anindita Datta, Shwetank Lall","doi":"10.18805/bkap630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap630","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mixture experiments belong to the response surface design category, involving the combination of multiple components to create a product. These products are commonly encountered in daily life. In some cases, mixture experiments yield qualitative responses, such as taste in a fruit punch. Qualitative variables often deviate from a normal distribution. Methods: To address non-normal responses, a generalized linear model, specifically the logistic model, is employed. This study utilizes logistic models and develops suitable search algorithms to obtain saturated D-optimal designs for mixture experiments. The validation of D-optimality criteria is based on the General Equivalence Theorem. Result: For generating locally D-optimal designs, the logistic model is utilized considering non-normally distributed errors. While the procedure remains the same for other nonlinear models, the assumptions regarding error distribution impact the Fisher information matrix (FIM).","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"45 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milk production per cow has increased due to better genetics and feeding practices, but high-energy diets can lead to digestive disorders like subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) which can decrease milk yield and negatively impact cow health. The causes of SARA are excessive intake of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates and inadequate ruminal adaptation, with cows in early and mid-lactation being the most vulnerable. To manage SARA, proper transition from dry to lactation group is important along with monitoring palatability, maintaining a homogeneous TMR, managing forage length, keeping records and providing access to feed and water. A well-maintained resting area is also needed. Smooth transitions are important when changing formulas or forages.This review article covers the causes, diagnostic techniques, preventive and treatment methods of this disease in order to raise awareness about it. SARA is generally observed in high yielding cattle and buffalo so this review article aims to provide valuable information to dairy farmers who own large-scale farms and have high-yielding cattle and buffaloes.
{"title":"The Ultimate Guide to SARA Diagnosis and Care: A Review","authors":"Mohd Akil, N.S. Meena","doi":"10.18805/bkap654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap654","url":null,"abstract":"Milk production per cow has increased due to better genetics and feeding practices, but high-energy diets can lead to digestive disorders like subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) which can decrease milk yield and negatively impact cow health. The causes of SARA are excessive intake of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates and inadequate ruminal adaptation, with cows in early and mid-lactation being the most vulnerable. To manage SARA, proper transition from dry to lactation group is important along with monitoring palatability, maintaining a homogeneous TMR, managing forage length, keeping records and providing access to feed and water. A well-maintained resting area is also needed. Smooth transitions are important when changing formulas or forages.This review article covers the causes, diagnostic techniques, preventive and treatment methods of this disease in order to raise awareness about it. SARA is generally observed in high yielding cattle and buffalo so this review article aims to provide valuable information to dairy farmers who own large-scale farms and have high-yielding cattle and buffaloes.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"42 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nisha Elizabeth Joshua, S.N. Ojha, Roshan Maria Peter, Amrutha Gopan
Since India’s independence, several extension initiatives viz, production oriented programmes, area development initiatives, target group based service schemes and technology delivery mechanisms are implemented with the goal of agriculture and rural development. But most of these programmes failed to meet the needs as well as to utilise opportunities required for the majority of people (MANAGE, 2007). In order to tackle the different constraints as well as to meet the emerging challenges in our extension system, the Innovations in Technology Dissemination component of National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) implemented Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) as a pilot project in a few states in India and later it spread to other states. A review of different kinds of extension strategies practised through ATMA is studied here and finally the different factors that can qualitatively contribute to an effective extension service delivery are looked upon.
{"title":"Fisheries Extension Interventions: A Review","authors":"Nisha Elizabeth Joshua, S.N. Ojha, Roshan Maria Peter, Amrutha Gopan","doi":"10.18805/bkap650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap650","url":null,"abstract":"Since India’s independence, several extension initiatives viz, production oriented programmes, area development initiatives, target group based service schemes and technology delivery mechanisms are implemented with the goal of agriculture and rural development. But most of these programmes failed to meet the needs as well as to utilise opportunities required for the majority of people (MANAGE, 2007). In order to tackle the different constraints as well as to meet the emerging challenges in our extension system, the Innovations in Technology Dissemination component of National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) implemented Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) as a pilot project in a few states in India and later it spread to other states. A review of different kinds of extension strategies practised through ATMA is studied here and finally the different factors that can qualitatively contribute to an effective extension service delivery are looked upon.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"32 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135367526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Godwin M. Ubi, Joyce F. Akpan, Anyanwu O. Chinyere, N.E. Edu, J.K. Ebigwai, Imaobong S. Essien
Background: Diffenbachia amoena commonly called dumb cane is a houseplant found in homes, offices, banks and landscape premises as ornamental plants. This family of plants has shown high levels of acute and chronic toxicities with high cytogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, genotoxic potentials. Several studies had implicated some phytochemicals contained in the whitish latex sap including saponins, glycosides, tannins and oxalates to be responsible for the toxicity of this houseplant to plant cells and proteins. Methods: Cytological investigation protocol was used to determine cytogenetic infractions such as chromosome stickiness, lagging chromosomes, bridged chromosomes, deletions and chromosomal aberrations. The phytochemicals contained in the latex were determined using high performance liquid chromatography while computational biology approach was used to determine the latex phytochemicals interactions with the onion plant proteins using SIB stitch of expasy.org. Result: Cytogenetic studies reveals that Dumb cane causes significant effect and infractions in the cytogenetics of onion cells ranging from chromatid-type breakage-fusion-bridge, chromosome stickiness, lagging chromosomes, bridged chromosomes, deletions and chromosomal aberrations. The latex sap from the stem contains oxalates, saponins, glycosides, tannins, alkaloids to varying degree which impairs photosynthetic and biochemical processes in the plant system. Phytochemicals-proteins interactions revealed that oxalates impairs and inhibits the formation and functionality of alanine glycoxylatetransferase (GRHPR), Chromobox homolog 5 chromosome (CBX5), alpha ketaglutarate dehydrogenase (AGXT) and glyoxylate reductase (OGDH) genes. Hence, there is need for enlightenment of the public on the dangers and toxicity of this houseplant in rural community households, urban cities, offices, recreational parks, business centers where the use of this deadly plant as ornamental is still very predominant.
{"title":"Cytogenetic Infractions of Latex Extract of the Floristic Dumbcane (Dieffenbachia amoena) on Mitotic Chromosomes of Onion (Allium cepa)","authors":"Godwin M. Ubi, Joyce F. Akpan, Anyanwu O. Chinyere, N.E. Edu, J.K. Ebigwai, Imaobong S. Essien","doi":"10.18805/bkap609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap609","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diffenbachia amoena commonly called dumb cane is a houseplant found in homes, offices, banks and landscape premises as ornamental plants. This family of plants has shown high levels of acute and chronic toxicities with high cytogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, genotoxic potentials. Several studies had implicated some phytochemicals contained in the whitish latex sap including saponins, glycosides, tannins and oxalates to be responsible for the toxicity of this houseplant to plant cells and proteins. Methods: Cytological investigation protocol was used to determine cytogenetic infractions such as chromosome stickiness, lagging chromosomes, bridged chromosomes, deletions and chromosomal aberrations. The phytochemicals contained in the latex were determined using high performance liquid chromatography while computational biology approach was used to determine the latex phytochemicals interactions with the onion plant proteins using SIB stitch of expasy.org. Result: Cytogenetic studies reveals that Dumb cane causes significant effect and infractions in the cytogenetics of onion cells ranging from chromatid-type breakage-fusion-bridge, chromosome stickiness, lagging chromosomes, bridged chromosomes, deletions and chromosomal aberrations. The latex sap from the stem contains oxalates, saponins, glycosides, tannins, alkaloids to varying degree which impairs photosynthetic and biochemical processes in the plant system. Phytochemicals-proteins interactions revealed that oxalates impairs and inhibits the formation and functionality of alanine glycoxylatetransferase (GRHPR), Chromobox homolog 5 chromosome (CBX5), alpha ketaglutarate dehydrogenase (AGXT) and glyoxylate reductase (OGDH) genes. Hence, there is need for enlightenment of the public on the dangers and toxicity of this houseplant in rural community households, urban cities, offices, recreational parks, business centers where the use of this deadly plant as ornamental is still very predominant.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135993596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: It is more prominent in developing and under-developing nations where large number of populations resides in a rural area with agriculture as their main source of livelihood. Agricultural research, education and extension are critical components to increase productivity and fulfil the demands of an expanding population. Under India’s current extension delivery system, knowledge or information is vital for improving productivity. Digital advancement and social media have gained importance as technical leap leading to various software’s and applications making life easier, mankind can access various civic services, has led to two-way communication making system more accountable, sensible, responsible, a tool in curbing corruption. People, particularly progressive farmers, are using developing social media like WhatsApp, YouTube, Instagram as various platform of social media. India is an agrarian country and social media is helping in imparting knowledge and information to our farmers about recent technological developments such as hybrid seeds, irrigation methods, soil testing in farming. Methods: Narrative textual case study technique was used (NTCS). We used social media to gather information. Social media is making farmers and other people aware of sustainable use of resources. Result: Researchers have seen social media as more beneficial in obtaining agriculture-related information and putting digital knowledge into practice than other sources of information.
{"title":"The Utilisation of Social Media for Accessing Farming Information by Progressive Farmers","authors":"Deepa Singh, Bhoopendra Kumar Verma","doi":"10.18805/bkap642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap642","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is more prominent in developing and under-developing nations where large number of populations resides in a rural area with agriculture as their main source of livelihood. Agricultural research, education and extension are critical components to increase productivity and fulfil the demands of an expanding population. Under India’s current extension delivery system, knowledge or information is vital for improving productivity. Digital advancement and social media have gained importance as technical leap leading to various software’s and applications making life easier, mankind can access various civic services, has led to two-way communication making system more accountable, sensible, responsible, a tool in curbing corruption. People, particularly progressive farmers, are using developing social media like WhatsApp, YouTube, Instagram as various platform of social media. India is an agrarian country and social media is helping in imparting knowledge and information to our farmers about recent technological developments such as hybrid seeds, irrigation methods, soil testing in farming. Methods: Narrative textual case study technique was used (NTCS). We used social media to gather information. Social media is making farmers and other people aware of sustainable use of resources. Result: Researchers have seen social media as more beneficial in obtaining agriculture-related information and putting digital knowledge into practice than other sources of information.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135996107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Rising seasonal temperatures are associated with losses in most areas. Climate change is predicted to have an influence on cold-climate locations as well. In both the short and long term, agricultural production suffers marginal losses. This research analyses the long-term association as well as the short-term dynamics between rice yields and climatic variables, namely maximum and lowest temperature as well as rainfall. Methods: This study used time-series data of India from 1991 to 2020 in India. By using the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag Regression or ARDL bounds testing technique for co-integration analysis. Result: The study demonstrates that the variables do have a long-term connection with one another. According to the data, rainfall significantly impacts the amount of rice produced. Rice yields and rainfall have been shown to have a particular connection that is unidirectional, positive and substantial; however, this relationship only goes one way. Rice yields grow by 1.58 per cent for every millimeter when the amount of rainfall increases. Because of the impact of temperature on rice harvests and the increasing vulnerability of the rice crop to climate change, agricultural experts need to concentrate their efforts on studying and creating temperature-tolerant rice varieties to increase rice yields.
{"title":"Estimating the Potential Effect of Climate Change on Rice Yield in India by Considering the Combined Effects of Temperature and Rainfall","authors":"Ashkra ., Akram Ahmad Khan, Krishna Kumar Jadaun","doi":"10.18805/bkap649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap649","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rising seasonal temperatures are associated with losses in most areas. Climate change is predicted to have an influence on cold-climate locations as well. In both the short and long term, agricultural production suffers marginal losses. This research analyses the long-term association as well as the short-term dynamics between rice yields and climatic variables, namely maximum and lowest temperature as well as rainfall. Methods: This study used time-series data of India from 1991 to 2020 in India. By using the Autoregressive-Distributed Lag Regression or ARDL bounds testing technique for co-integration analysis. Result: The study demonstrates that the variables do have a long-term connection with one another. According to the data, rainfall significantly impacts the amount of rice produced. Rice yields and rainfall have been shown to have a particular connection that is unidirectional, positive and substantial; however, this relationship only goes one way. Rice yields grow by 1.58 per cent for every millimeter when the amount of rainfall increases. Because of the impact of temperature on rice harvests and the increasing vulnerability of the rice crop to climate change, agricultural experts need to concentrate their efforts on studying and creating temperature-tolerant rice varieties to increase rice yields.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronit Jaiswal, Girish K. Jha, Kapil Choudhary, Rajeev Ranjan Kumar
Background: Agricultural price forecasting is one of the research hotspots in time series forecasting due to its unique characteristics. In this paper, we develop a standard long short-term memory (LSTM) for accurately predicting a nonstationary and nonlinear agricultural price series. Methods: An LSTM model effectively analyses and captures short-term and long-term temporal patterns of a complex time series due to its recurrent neural architecture and the memory function used in the hidden nodes. Result: The empirical results using the international monthly price series of maize demonstrate the superiority of the developed LSTM model over other models in terms of various forecasting evaluation criteria. Overall, LSTM model shows great potential for improving the accuracy and reliability of agricultural price predictions, benefiting farmers, traders, and policymakers in making informed decisions.
{"title":"Agricultural Commodity Price Prediction using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based Neural Networks","authors":"Ronit Jaiswal, Girish K. Jha, Kapil Choudhary, Rajeev Ranjan Kumar","doi":"10.18805/bkap613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap613","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Agricultural price forecasting is one of the research hotspots in time series forecasting due to its unique characteristics. In this paper, we develop a standard long short-term memory (LSTM) for accurately predicting a nonstationary and nonlinear agricultural price series. Methods: An LSTM model effectively analyses and captures short-term and long-term temporal patterns of a complex time series due to its recurrent neural architecture and the memory function used in the hidden nodes. Result: The empirical results using the international monthly price series of maize demonstrate the superiority of the developed LSTM model over other models in terms of various forecasting evaluation criteria. Overall, LSTM model shows great potential for improving the accuracy and reliability of agricultural price predictions, benefiting farmers, traders, and policymakers in making informed decisions.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135804188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahul Banerjee, Bharti ., Shbana Begum, Pankaj Das, Tauqueer Ahmad
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) rapidly scans DNA markers in many individuals to find genetic links to diseases. New findings aid in disease detection, treatment and prevention. Imputation predicts untyped genotypes in genetic studies when data is missing due to quality, cost, or design issues. It’s a proven statistical technique for estimating unobserved genotypes by borrowing haplotype segments from a densely genotyped reference panel. This allows estimation and testing of associations at unassayed variants.Genotype imputation is vital in analyzing genome-wide association scans, helping geneticists evaluate evidence for association at untyped genetic markers. This summary outlines missing data issues and various imputation methods.
{"title":"Issues and Challenges of Imputation Techniques in Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS): A Review","authors":"Rahul Banerjee, Bharti ., Shbana Begum, Pankaj Das, Tauqueer Ahmad","doi":"10.18805/bkap597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap597","url":null,"abstract":"A genome-wide association study (GWAS) rapidly scans DNA markers in many individuals to find genetic links to diseases. New findings aid in disease detection, treatment and prevention. Imputation predicts untyped genotypes in genetic studies when data is missing due to quality, cost, or design issues. It’s a proven statistical technique for estimating unobserved genotypes by borrowing haplotype segments from a densely genotyped reference panel. This allows estimation and testing of associations at unassayed variants.Genotype imputation is vital in analyzing genome-wide association scans, helping geneticists evaluate evidence for association at untyped genetic markers. This summary outlines missing data issues and various imputation methods.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Agricultural residues are a significant part of the waste generated in India. It is challenging for farmers to manage surplus crop residue sustainably because of large production and limited options. Ultimately, most farmers burn crop residue without giving it a second thought. Besides affecting the environment, burning crop residues also reduces soil fertility, soil nutrient content and soil organic humus levels by releasing greenhouse gases. Methods: This study was conducted to identify surplus crop residues available and their current uses. Vidarbha region in Maharashtra was selected for the study and cotton, tur and soybean crops were selected since these are the most commonly grown crops there. A man-to-man survey was conducted to determine the type and amount of crop residue available and how it is currently being used. Three farmlands in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra were selected for the study. Four different varieties of cotton, tur and soybean were grown on three farms. The yield and crop residue generated were measured per unit area. Analysis of crop residue availability was conducted using statistical methods. Result: Based on the study, it can be concluded that biomass waste is abundantly available and there is potential to generate bioenergy by utilizing agricultural waste effectively. Furthermore, the regression study shows that crop output is a major predictor of crop residue generated.
{"title":"A Study of Generation and Regulation of Crop Residue: Bioenergy","authors":"Sayali Udakwar, Dilip Sarode","doi":"10.18805/bkap648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/bkap648","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Agricultural residues are a significant part of the waste generated in India. It is challenging for farmers to manage surplus crop residue sustainably because of large production and limited options. Ultimately, most farmers burn crop residue without giving it a second thought. Besides affecting the environment, burning crop residues also reduces soil fertility, soil nutrient content and soil organic humus levels by releasing greenhouse gases. Methods: This study was conducted to identify surplus crop residues available and their current uses. Vidarbha region in Maharashtra was selected for the study and cotton, tur and soybean crops were selected since these are the most commonly grown crops there. A man-to-man survey was conducted to determine the type and amount of crop residue available and how it is currently being used. Three farmlands in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra were selected for the study. Four different varieties of cotton, tur and soybean were grown on three farms. The yield and crop residue generated were measured per unit area. Analysis of crop residue availability was conducted using statistical methods. Result: Based on the study, it can be concluded that biomass waste is abundantly available and there is potential to generate bioenergy by utilizing agricultural waste effectively. Furthermore, the regression study shows that crop output is a major predictor of crop residue generated.","PeriodicalId":8784,"journal":{"name":"Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136357456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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