Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2319284
Ali Nouri
ABSTRACTThe study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary encapsulated organic acids (EOAs) and anticoccidials on the age-dependent development trend of intestinal Lactobacillus, E. coli, coliforms, and Eimeria in Eimeria spp.-infected broiler chickens from reused litter. In total, 525 mixed-sex 1-day-old broiler chickens were used in an uninfected/un-supplemented control plus a 2 (no EOA or 0.1% EOA) × 3 (no anticoccidial, 0.05% maduramicin, and 0.02% diclazuril) factorial arrangement of treatments as a completely randomized design with five replicates of 15 chickens. Results indicated that the cubic model is the best model for explaining the development trends of the intestinal microbial population in uninfected and infected chickens (affected by the EOAs and anticoccidials). Based on the cubic models, the microbial populations had development trends with a decreasing slope from 1-day-old until the early or middle finisher period. EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage, improved (P < 0.05) the linear and cubic models' slope (affected negatively by Eimeria infection). A polynomial model (order = 6) was determined as the best model for explaining the EOAs and anticoccidial effects on the trend of intestinal Eimeria oocysts in infected chickens. The infection peak (which happened at 25 days) was reduced by EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage. In conclusion, cubic and polynomial (order = 6) regressions are the best models fitted for explaining the microbiota and Eimeria oocysts trends, respectively. EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage, had beneficial effects on the microbiota and Eimeria development trends and gastrointestinal health in coccidia-infected broiler chickens.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSCubic regression is the best model for explaining intestinal microbiota development.Polynomial regression is the best model for intestinal Eimeria oocysts development.Age-development trends are affected by dietary encapsulated organic acids and anticoccidials.
{"title":"Age-dependent development trends (models) of intestinal significant microbiota species and <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts in coccidia-challenged broiler chickens as affected by dietary encapsulated organic acids and anticoccidial drugs.","authors":"Ali Nouri","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2319284","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2319284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary encapsulated organic acids (EOAs) and anticoccidials on the age-dependent development trend of intestinal <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, coliforms, and <i>Eimeria</i> in <i>Eimeria</i> spp.-infected broiler chickens from reused litter. In total, 525 mixed-sex 1-day-old broiler chickens were used in an uninfected/un-supplemented control plus a 2 (no EOA or 0.1% EOA) × 3 (no anticoccidial, 0.05% maduramicin, and 0.02% diclazuril) factorial arrangement of treatments as a completely randomized design with five replicates of 15 chickens. Results indicated that the cubic model is the best model for explaining the development trends of the intestinal microbial population in uninfected and infected chickens (affected by the EOAs and anticoccidials). Based on the cubic models, the microbial populations had development trends with a decreasing slope from 1-day-old until the early or middle finisher period. EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage, improved (<i>P</i> < 0.05) the linear and cubic models' slope (affected negatively by <i>Eimeria</i> infection). A polynomial model (order = 6) was determined as the best model for explaining the EOAs and anticoccidial effects on the trend of intestinal <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts in infected chickens. The infection peak (which happened at 25 days) was reduced by EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage. In conclusion, cubic and polynomial (order = 6) regressions are the best models fitted for explaining the microbiota and <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts trends, respectively. EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage, had beneficial effects on the microbiota and <i>Eimeria</i> development trends and gastrointestinal health in coccidia-infected broiler chickens.<b>RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS</b>Cubic regression is the best model for explaining intestinal microbiota development.Polynomial regression is the best model for intestinal <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts development.Age-development trends are affected by dietary encapsulated organic acids and anticoccidials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-18DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2365249
Elena Grego, Luigi Bertolotti, Barbara Colitti, Maria Cristina Stella, Angela Maria Catania, Carlo Castellina
Research highlights: Identified the role of the hatchery in astrovirus transmission.Sequenced the avian nephritis virus complete genome.Investigated tissue distribution of astrovirus from egg to chicks.Demonstrated co-infection of ANV/CAstV.
天体病毒是孵化场管理中新出现的一种危害,给全球家禽养殖场造成了巨大的经济损失。鸡天体病毒(CAstV)和禽肾炎病毒(ANV)会导致孵化率下降,主要原因是胚胎死亡、雏鸡面色苍白和流鼻涕,无力孵化。孵化病是通过蛋直接感染或垂直传播发生的。然而,星状病毒在这些疾病中的具体作用在很大程度上仍不为人所知。为了弄清这个问题,我们根据鸡场的临床症状和种鸡场的阿斯特罗病毒血清学阳性结果,选择了意大利皮埃蒙特的一家优质孵化场。对从孵化场到养殖场的病毒动态进行了跟踪。通过评估环境和动物样本中的病毒载量来监测 CAstV 和 ANV 的存在。有趣的是,在孵化第 18 天的雏鸡卵黄囊和孵化 1 天的雏鸡肠道内容物中都检测到了这两种病毒,而孵化场环境样本、鸡蛋表面和胚胎肠道内容物中的病毒均为阴性。在孵化场的动物组织中,CAstV 的拷贝数较高,而在养殖场的动物组织中则检测到较高的 ANV 负荷。此外,我们的数据还表明,这两种病毒均可垂直传播。在孵化场和养殖场的样本中还发现了频繁的混合感染。最后,我们首次在意大利获得了 ANV 的全长基因组和分子特征。
{"title":"Detection and genetic characterization of chicken astrovirus and avian nephritis virus from hatchery to farm.","authors":"Elena Grego, Luigi Bertolotti, Barbara Colitti, Maria Cristina Stella, Angela Maria Catania, Carlo Castellina","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2365249","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2365249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Identified the role of the hatchery in astrovirus transmission.Sequenced the avian nephritis virus complete genome.Investigated tissue distribution of astrovirus from egg to chicks.Demonstrated co-infection of ANV/CAstV.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2373366
Yuxin Sha, Weiwen Yan, Xinxin Liu, Haoran Chai, Jianjun Chen, Hongjin Li, Mengjun Wang, Shanshan Jiang, Sijie Wang, Yongning Ren, Hongli Li, Yifei Liu, Tobias Stoeger, Abdul Wajid, Aleksandar Dodovski, Chao Gao, Claro N Mingala, Dmitry B Andreychuk, Renfu Yin
Research highlights: First confirmation of AOAV-16 in domestic and wild birds in China.AOAV-16 are low virulent viruses for chickens.Co-circulation/co-infection of AOAV-16 and H9N2 subtype AIV enhanced pathogenicity.Different intergenic sequences and recombination events exist within AOAV-16.
{"title":"The first report and biological characterization of <i>Avian Orthoavulavirus 16</i> in wild migratory waterfowl and domestic poultry in China reveal a potential threat to birds.","authors":"Yuxin Sha, Weiwen Yan, Xinxin Liu, Haoran Chai, Jianjun Chen, Hongjin Li, Mengjun Wang, Shanshan Jiang, Sijie Wang, Yongning Ren, Hongli Li, Yifei Liu, Tobias Stoeger, Abdul Wajid, Aleksandar Dodovski, Chao Gao, Claro N Mingala, Dmitry B Andreychuk, Renfu Yin","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2373366","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2373366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>First confirmation of AOAV-16 in domestic and wild birds in China.AOAV-16 are low virulent viruses for chickens.Co-circulation/co-infection of AOAV-16 and H9N2 subtype AIV enhanced pathogenicity.Different intergenic sequences and recombination events exist within AOAV-16.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2372486
Luis Fabian N Nuñez, Ruy D Chacón, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Silvana H Santander-Parra, Rafael da Costa Pereira Innocentini, Christian J Sánchez-Llatas, Pablo Cea-Callejo, Stefhany Valdeiglesias Ichillumpa, Claudete S Astolfi Ferreira, Lilian Rose Marques de Sá, Antonio J Piantino Ferreira
Research highlights: IDS presented pathognomonic dilatation of the jejunum up to Meckel's diverticulum.IDS caused weight loss, decreased egg production, and increased culling and mortality.Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) was consistently detected through PCR assays.Chicken megrivirus (ChMV) was consistently detected through viral metagenomics.
{"title":"Detection and molecular characterization of chicken parvovirus and chicken megrivirus in layer breeders affected by intestinal dilatation syndrome.","authors":"Luis Fabian N Nuñez, Ruy D Chacón, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Silvana H Santander-Parra, Rafael da Costa Pereira Innocentini, Christian J Sánchez-Llatas, Pablo Cea-Callejo, Stefhany Valdeiglesias Ichillumpa, Claudete S Astolfi Ferreira, Lilian Rose Marques de Sá, Antonio J Piantino Ferreira","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2372486","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2372486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>IDS presented pathognomonic dilatation of the jejunum up to Meckel's diverticulum.IDS caused weight loss, decreased egg production, and increased culling and mortality.Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) was consistently detected through PCR assays.Chicken megrivirus (ChMV) was consistently detected through viral metagenomics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) poses a significant threat to the poultry industry, and vaccines play an important role in protection. However, due to the increasing scale of poultry production, there is an urgent need to develop vaccines that are suitable for convenient immunization methods such as spraying. Previous studies have shown that Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-ILT vaccines administered via intranasal and intraocular routes to commercial chickens carrying maternally-derived antibodies (MDAs) are still protective against ILT. In this study, a recombinant NDV (rNDV) was generated to express infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) glycoprotein B (gB), named rLS-gB, based on a full-length cDNA clone of the LaSota strain. The protective effect of different doses of rLS-gB administered by spray vaccination to commercial chickens at 1 d of age (doa) was evaluated. The chickens were exposed to 160-μm aerosol particles for 10 min for spray vaccination, and no adverse reactions were observed after vaccination. Despite the presence of anti-NDV MDAs and anti-ILTV MDAs in chickens, the ILTV- and NDV-specific antibody titres were significantly greater in the vaccinated groups than in the unvaccinated group. After challenge with a virulent ILTV strain, no clinical signs were observed in the 107 EID50/ml group compared to the other groups. Furthermore, vaccination with 107 EID50/ml rLS-gB significantly reduced the ILTV viral load and ameliorated gross and microscopic lesions in the trachea of chickens. Overall, these results suggested that rLS-gB is a safe and efficient candidate spray vaccine for ILT and is especially suitable for scaled chicken farms.
{"title":"Spray vaccination with a Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-vectored infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) vaccine protects commercial chickens from ILT in the presence of maternally-derived antibodies.","authors":"Zhe Zeng, Zichen Wang, Xin Wang, Lun Yao, Yu Shang, Helong Feng, Hongcai Wang, Huabin Shao, Qingping Luo, Guoyuan Wen","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2356676","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2356676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) poses a significant threat to the poultry industry, and vaccines play an important role in protection. However, due to the increasing scale of poultry production, there is an urgent need to develop vaccines that are suitable for convenient immunization methods such as spraying. Previous studies have shown that Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-ILT vaccines administered via intranasal and intraocular routes to commercial chickens carrying maternally-derived antibodies (MDAs) are still protective against ILT. In this study, a recombinant NDV (rNDV) was generated to express infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) glycoprotein B (gB), named rLS-gB, based on a full-length cDNA clone of the LaSota strain. The protective effect of different doses of rLS-gB administered by spray vaccination to commercial chickens at 1 d of age (doa) was evaluated. The chickens were exposed to 160-μm aerosol particles for 10 min for spray vaccination, and no adverse reactions were observed after vaccination. Despite the presence of anti-NDV MDAs and anti-ILTV MDAs in chickens, the ILTV- and NDV-specific antibody titres were significantly greater in the vaccinated groups than in the unvaccinated group. After challenge with a virulent ILTV strain, no clinical signs were observed in the 10<sup>7</sup> EID<sub>50</sub>/ml group compared to the other groups. Furthermore, vaccination with 10<sup>7</sup> EID<sub>50</sub>/ml rLS-gB significantly reduced the ILTV viral load and ameliorated gross and microscopic lesions in the trachea of chickens. Overall, these results suggested that rLS-gB is a safe and efficient candidate spray vaccine for ILT and is especially suitable for scaled chicken farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Probiotics can enhance broiler chicken health by improving intestinal microbiota, potentially replacing antibiotics. They protect against bacterial diseases like necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. Understanding their role is crucial for managing bacterial diseases, including NE. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effects of Bacillus subtilis probiotic supplementation on feed conversion ratio (FCR), NE lesion score, and mortality. Additionally, a systematic review analysed gut microbiota changes in broilers challenged with Clostridium perfringens with or without the probiotic supplementation. Effect sizes from the studies were estimated in terms of standardized mean difference (SMD). Random effect models were fitted to estimate the pooled effect size and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the pooled effect size between the control [probiotic-free + C. perfringens] and the treatment [Bacillus subtilis supplemented + C. perfringens] groups. Overall variance was computed by heterogeneity (Q). The meta-analysis showed that Bacillus subtilis probiotic supplementation significantly improved FCR and reduced NE lesion score but had no effect on mortality rates. The estimated overall effects of probiotic supplementation on FCR, NE lesion score and mortality percentage in terms of SMD were -0.91 (CI = -1.34, -0.49; P < 0.001*); -0.67 (CI = -1.11, -0.22; P = 0.006*), and -0.32 (CI = -0.70, 0.06; P = 0.08), respectively. Heterogeneity analysis indicated significant variations across studies for FCR (Q = 69.66; P < 0.001*) and NE lesion score (Q = 42.35; P < 0.001*) while heterogeneity was not significant for mortality (Q = 2.72; P = 0.74). Bacillus subtilis probiotic supplementation enriched specific gut microbiota including Streptococcus, Butyricicoccus, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus. These microbiotas were found to upregulate expression of various genes such as TJ proteins occluding, ZO-1, junctional adhesion 2 (JAM2), interferon gamma, IL12-β and transforming growth factor-β4. Moreover, downregulated mucin-2 expression was involved in restoring the intestinal physical barrier, reducing intestinal inflammation, and recovering the physiological functions of damaged intestines. These findings highlight the potential benefits of probiotic supplementation in poultry management, particularly in combating bacterial diseases and promoting intestinal health.
{"title":"Efficacy of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> probiotic in preventing necrotic enteritis in broilers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Shweta Ghimire, Keshab Subedi, Xinwen Zhang, Changqing Wu","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2359596","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2359596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics can enhance broiler chicken health by improving intestinal microbiota, potentially replacing antibiotics. They protect against bacterial diseases like necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. Understanding their role is crucial for managing bacterial diseases, including NE. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effects of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> probiotic supplementation on feed conversion ratio (FCR), NE lesion score, and mortality. Additionally, a systematic review analysed gut microbiota changes in broilers challenged with <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> with or without the probiotic supplementation. Effect sizes from the studies were estimated in terms of standardized mean difference (SMD). Random effect models were fitted to estimate the pooled effect size and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the pooled effect size between the control [probiotic-free + <i>C. perfringens</i>] and the treatment [<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> supplemented + <i>C. perfringens</i>] groups. Overall variance was computed by heterogeneity (Q). The meta-analysis showed that <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> probiotic supplementation significantly improved FCR and reduced NE lesion score but had no effect on mortality rates. The estimated overall effects of probiotic supplementation on FCR, NE lesion score and mortality percentage in terms of SMD were -0.91 (CI = -1.34, -0.49; <i>P</i> < 0.001*); -0.67 (CI = -1.11, -0.22; <i>P</i> = 0.006*), and -0.32 (CI = -0.70, 0.06; <i>P</i> = 0.08), respectively. Heterogeneity analysis indicated significant variations across studies for FCR (Q = 69.66; <i>P</i> < 0.001*) and NE lesion score (Q = 42.35; <i>P</i> < 0.001*) while heterogeneity was not significant for mortality (Q = 2.72; <i>P</i> = 0.74). <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> probiotic supplementation enriched specific gut microbiota including <i>Streptococcus, Butyricicoccus, Faecalibacterium, and Ruminococcus</i>. These microbiotas were found to upregulate expression of various genes such as TJ proteins occluding, ZO-1, junctional adhesion 2 (JAM2), interferon gamma, IL12-β and transforming growth factor-β4. Moreover, downregulated mucin-2 expression was involved in restoring the intestinal physical barrier, reducing intestinal inflammation, and recovering the physiological functions of damaged intestines. These findings highlight the potential benefits of probiotic supplementation in poultry management, particularly in combating bacterial diseases and promoting intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2365932
Elisar Camilotti, Thales Quedi Furian, Karen Apellanis Borges, Oscar Fernando Ortiz Granados, Gabriela Zottis Chitolina, Thaína de Brites Weber, Daniela Tonini da Rocha, Vladimir Pinheiro do Nascimento, Hamilton Luiz de Souza Moraes, Carlos Tadeu Pippi Salle
Research highlights: Galleria mellonella larvae are a viable model for determining APEC pathogenicity.Larval disease score is the main variable for determining APEC pathogenicity.Response variables should be evaluated up to 24 h post-inoculation.
{"title":"<i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae as an alternative model to determine the pathogenicity of avian pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Elisar Camilotti, Thales Quedi Furian, Karen Apellanis Borges, Oscar Fernando Ortiz Granados, Gabriela Zottis Chitolina, Thaína de Brites Weber, Daniela Tonini da Rocha, Vladimir Pinheiro do Nascimento, Hamilton Luiz de Souza Moraes, Carlos Tadeu Pippi Salle","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2365932","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2365932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong><i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae are a viable model for determining APEC pathogenicity.Larval disease score is the main variable for determining APEC pathogenicity.Response variables should be evaluated up to 24 h post-inoculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141282913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2362223
Venessa Eeckhaut, Nathalie Van Rysselberghe, Serge Verbanck, Richard Ducatelle, Filip Van Immerseel
Poultry products are an important source of foodborne Salmonella infections in humans. Amongst these, the prevalence of S. Infantis is rising. In this study, the protection efficacy of an authorized live-attenuated S. Typhimurium vaccine against S. Infantis, was examined using a seeder-bird model in broilers. Vaccinated birds displayed a significantly lower colonization of S. Infantis bacteria in the caeca compared to the non-vaccinated counterparts (P = 0.017), with no significant differences observed in the spleen among the groups, three days post-infection. Thirty-two days post-infection, the disparity in average S. Infantis concentration between all-vaccinated and non-vaccinated birds was significant in both caeca (P = 0.0003) and spleen (P = 0.0002). Interestingly, a third group, consisting of seeder birds that were not vaccinated but housed with vaccinated penmates, exhibited significantly lower S. Infantis levels in both caeca (P = 0.0014) and spleen (P < 0.0001) compared to the non-vaccinated group. These findings underscore the potential of a live-attenuated S. Typhimurium vaccine administered to 2-day-old chicks in conferring protection against S. Infantis in broilers up to slaughter age.
禽类产品是人类食源性沙门氏菌感染的重要来源。其中,S. Infantis 的发病率正在上升。在这项研究中,我们使用肉鸡播种机模型检测了已获授权的鼠伤寒减毒活疫苗对因凡蒂斯沙门氏菌的保护效果。与未接种疫苗的肉鸡相比,接种疫苗的肉鸡在盲肠中的 S. Infantis 细菌定植率明显较低(p = 0.017),而在感染后三天,各组之间在脾脏中未观察到明显差异。感染后 32 天,所有接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的鸟类在盲肠(p = 0.0003)和脾脏(p = 0.0002)中的平均 S. Infantis 浓度差异显著。有趣的是,由未接种疫苗但与接种疫苗的栏友同舍的种鸡组成的第三组,其盲肠(p = 0.0014)和脾脏(p < 0.0001)中的 S. Infantis 含量均显著低于未接种疫苗组。
{"title":"Oral vaccination of young broilers with a live <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium vaccine reduces caecal and internal organ colonization following a <i>Salmonella</i> Infantis challenge in a seeder-bird model.","authors":"Venessa Eeckhaut, Nathalie Van Rysselberghe, Serge Verbanck, Richard Ducatelle, Filip Van Immerseel","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2362223","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2362223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poultry products are an important source of foodborne <i>Salmonella</i> infections in humans. Amongst these, the prevalence of <i>S.</i> Infantis is rising. In this study, the protection efficacy of an authorized live-attenuated <i>S.</i> Typhimurium vaccine against <i>S.</i> Infantis, was examined using a seeder-bird model in broilers. Vaccinated birds displayed a significantly lower colonization of <i>S.</i> Infantis bacteria in the caeca compared to the non-vaccinated counterparts (<i>P</i> = 0.017), with no significant differences observed in the spleen among the groups, three days post-infection. Thirty-two days post-infection, the disparity in average <i>S.</i> Infantis concentration between all-vaccinated and non-vaccinated birds was significant in both caeca (<i>P</i> = 0.0003) and spleen (<i>P</i> = 0.0002). Interestingly, a third group, consisting of seeder birds that were not vaccinated but housed with vaccinated penmates, exhibited significantly lower <i>S</i>. Infantis levels in both caeca (<i>P</i> = 0.0014) and spleen (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) compared to the non-vaccinated group. These findings underscore the potential of a live-attenuated <i>S.</i> Typhimurium vaccine administered to 2-day-old chicks in conferring protection against <i>S.</i> Infantis in broilers up to slaughter age.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2359592
Elizabeth S Greene, Alison Ramser, Robert Wideman, Mike Bedford, Sami Dridi
Research highlights: Wire ramp model reproducibly induced lameness/BCO in broilers.Treatments did not affect growth, but phytase with stimbiotic significantly reduced BCO.Phytase increased circulating inositol, and wire flooring decreased bone inositol.
{"title":"Dietary inclusion of phytase and stimbiotic decreases mortality and lameness in a wire ramp challenge model in broilers.","authors":"Elizabeth S Greene, Alison Ramser, Robert Wideman, Mike Bedford, Sami Dridi","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2359592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2359592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Wire ramp model reproducibly induced lameness/BCO in broilers.Treatments did not affect growth, but phytase with stimbiotic significantly reduced BCO.Phytase increased circulating inositol, and wire flooring decreased bone inositol.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}