Tatjana Nikolov, A. Savić, T. Janković, Marina Maksimovic-Simovic, K. Boskovic
Introduction. Horizontal therapy is the only electrotherapy modality for the treatment of osteoarthritis that has a simultaneous bioelectrical and biochemical, effect on deep and superficial joint tissues. The objective of this report was to provide evidence of efficacy of horizontal therapy in a patient suffering from lumbar spine osteoarthritis. Case report. A 70-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to severe low back pain with radiating pain in both legs followed by tingling in left leg. The patient has had this painful condition since 2010. Physical examination revealed a reduction of the range of motion of the lumbar spine followed by spasm of the paraspinal musculature. Deep tendon reflexes of the lower limbs were 2+ bilaterally, except right patellar reflex which was absent. She had hypoesthesia in L4, L5 and S1 dermatome of the left leg and no motor deficits were noted. Radiographic evaluation showed multilevel degenerative changes of the lumbar spine. The patient was prescribed medication, physical and exercise therapy. She underwent horizontal therapy for lumbar spine with a frequency oscillating between 4357 and 12127 hertz. The patient had a total of 15 treatments, 5 per week and each lasted 30 minutes. Conclusion. In a patient with osteoarthritis of the spine, horizontal therapy has proved to be an effective modality of physical therapy leading to pain relief and functional improvement. Additional clinical research is needed for confirming its effectiveness on a larger sample, to define optimal parameters of the application and indication areas.
{"title":"The efficacy of a modality of physical therapy in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the spine - a case report of a patient treated with horizontal therapy","authors":"Tatjana Nikolov, A. Savić, T. Janković, Marina Maksimovic-Simovic, K. Boskovic","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s2053n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s2053n","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Horizontal therapy is the only electrotherapy modality for the treatment of osteoarthritis that has a simultaneous bioelectrical and biochemical, effect on deep and superficial joint tissues. The objective of this report was to provide evidence of efficacy of horizontal therapy in a patient suffering from lumbar spine osteoarthritis. Case report. A 70-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to severe low back pain with radiating pain in both legs followed by tingling in left leg. The patient has had this painful condition since 2010. Physical examination revealed a reduction of the range of motion of the lumbar spine followed by spasm of the paraspinal musculature. Deep tendon reflexes of the lower limbs were 2+ bilaterally, except right patellar reflex which was absent. She had hypoesthesia in L4, L5 and S1 dermatome of the left leg and no motor deficits were noted. Radiographic evaluation showed multilevel degenerative changes of the lumbar spine. The patient was prescribed medication, physical and exercise therapy. She underwent horizontal therapy for lumbar spine with a frequency oscillating between 4357 and 12127 hertz. The patient had a total of 15 treatments, 5 per week and each lasted 30 minutes. Conclusion. In a patient with osteoarthritis of the spine, horizontal therapy has proved to be an effective modality of physical therapy leading to pain relief and functional improvement. Additional clinical research is needed for confirming its effectiveness on a larger sample, to define optimal parameters of the application and indication areas.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"169 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89021867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The treatment outcome of adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is much poorer in contrast to pediatric patients. By changing the concept of the treatment for patients who are adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, especially with the use of pediatric regimens, significant improvement in survival has been made (current 5-year survival rate goes up to 70%). Contributing factors for different outcomes between children and adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Beside the differences between pediatric and adult protocols, there are several factors which can explain the different outcomes between these groups of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. One of the main factors is different biology of the leukemias and, on the other side, lower accrual rates in clinical trials in adolescents and young adults and their specific psychosocial factors, like poor compliance with the treatment and missed appointments. Current treatment and novel approaches in the treatment of adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Current treatment approach to the adolescent and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is based on the pediatric protocols with the risk-adapted strategy, which depends primarily on the cytogenetics and postinduction minimal/measurable residual disease. The main goal of the novel treatment, especially with the use of targeted therapy and innovative immunotherapies incorporated in the pediatric protocols, is to achieve a deep and durable leukemia-free survival. To transplant or not to transplant adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is still a matter of debate, particularly in the era of pediatric regimens and the new sequence algorithm with the upfront use of novel drugs. Conclusion. Adolescent and young adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia should be treated in specialized centers by an experienced multidisciplinary team with close attention to their particular needs.
{"title":"The current approach and the treatment of adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","authors":"Borivoj Sekulić","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s1015s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s1015s","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The treatment outcome of adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is much poorer in contrast to pediatric patients. By changing the concept of the treatment for patients who are adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, especially with the use of pediatric regimens, significant improvement in survival has been made (current 5-year survival rate goes up to 70%). Contributing factors for different outcomes between children and adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Beside the differences between pediatric and adult protocols, there are several factors which can explain the different outcomes between these groups of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. One of the main factors is different biology of the leukemias and, on the other side, lower accrual rates in clinical trials in adolescents and young adults and their specific psychosocial factors, like poor compliance with the treatment and missed appointments. Current treatment and novel approaches in the treatment of adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Current treatment approach to the adolescent and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is based on the pediatric protocols with the risk-adapted strategy, which depends primarily on the cytogenetics and postinduction minimal/measurable residual disease. The main goal of the novel treatment, especially with the use of targeted therapy and innovative immunotherapies incorporated in the pediatric protocols, is to achieve a deep and durable leukemia-free survival. To transplant or not to transplant adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is still a matter of debate, particularly in the era of pediatric regimens and the new sequence algorithm with the upfront use of novel drugs. Conclusion. Adolescent and young adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia should be treated in specialized centers by an experienced multidisciplinary team with close attention to their particular needs.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85325770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Marjanovic, T. Džopalić, M. Kostic, M. Lazarević, Z. Stojanoski, B. Bonaci-Nikolic
After infections, malignancies, lymphomas especially, are the second most frequent cause of death in patients with inborn errors of immunity. Factors predetermining the appearance and aggressiveness of lymphomas include gene defects, defects of immune surveillance and regulation as well as infections with oncogenic viruses. Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas, mostly diffuse large B-cell and Bukit subtypes are predominant in deoxyribonucleic acid repair defects, while Hodgkin lymphoma becomes equally present in patients with defects of immune regulation. Marginal zone and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, appear to be frequent in defects of antibody production, especially in patients with common variable immune deficiency. The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus may vary within entities, but there is no entity without at least a few cases of lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus co-infection. Standard treatment of lymphomas associated with deoxyribonucleic acid repair defects and severe combined deficiencies, is stem cell transplantation. Lymphomas in inborn errors of immunity with a less severe clinical presentation, should be treated with immunochemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies (Brentuximab, Rituximab) wherever feasible. There is no data about the usefulness of checkpoint inhibitors, bi-specific antibodies and T-cells with chimeric antigen receptor. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation represents a major indication for treatment of relapse/refractory lymphomas in any inborn error of immunity. Potential benefit of therapy with Chimeric antigen receptor Natural-killer cells in lymphomas associated with inborn errors of immunity, remains to be seen in future studies.
{"title":"From inborn errors of immunity to lymphoma: A hematologist’s point of view","authors":"G. Marjanovic, T. Džopalić, M. Kostic, M. Lazarević, Z. Stojanoski, B. Bonaci-Nikolic","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s1066m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s1066m","url":null,"abstract":"After infections, malignancies, lymphomas especially, are the second most frequent cause of death in patients with inborn errors of immunity. Factors predetermining the appearance and aggressiveness of lymphomas include gene defects, defects of immune surveillance and regulation as well as infections with oncogenic viruses. Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas, mostly diffuse large B-cell and Bukit subtypes are predominant in deoxyribonucleic acid repair defects, while Hodgkin lymphoma becomes equally present in patients with defects of immune regulation. Marginal zone and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, appear to be frequent in defects of antibody production, especially in patients with common variable immune deficiency. The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus may vary within entities, but there is no entity without at least a few cases of lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus co-infection. Standard treatment of lymphomas associated with deoxyribonucleic acid repair defects and severe combined deficiencies, is stem cell transplantation. Lymphomas in inborn errors of immunity with a less severe clinical presentation, should be treated with immunochemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies (Brentuximab, Rituximab) wherever feasible. There is no data about the usefulness of checkpoint inhibitors, bi-specific antibodies and T-cells with chimeric antigen receptor. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation represents a major indication for treatment of relapse/refractory lymphomas in any inborn error of immunity. Potential benefit of therapy with Chimeric antigen receptor Natural-killer cells in lymphomas associated with inborn errors of immunity, remains to be seen in future studies.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"398 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91452218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Zvekic-Svorcan, K. Boskovic, T. Janković, R. Krasnik, Natasa Igic, I. Minaković
Introduction. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density and damage to the bone microarchitecture, which leads to bone fragility, thus increasing the risk of osteoporotic fractures. While different diagnostic methods can be employed for detecting bone mineral density decrement in a timely manner, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry remains the gold standard in research and clinical practice. Bone mineral density estimation methods. Osteoporosis can be diagnosed through conventional radiography, quantitative ultrasonography, quantitative computed tomography, and magnetic resonance. Nonetheless, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is the gold standard in the diagnosis of osteoporosis on which further treatment and monitoring are based. The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry apparatus is equipped with the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool, which estimates the 10- year probability of a major fracture and hip fracture due to osteoporosis. The use and interpretation of osteoporosis diagnostic evaluation modalities is based on the International Society for Clinical Densitometry guidelines for diagnosing osteoporosis in adults and children. According to the International Society for Clinical Densitometry recommendations, the aforementioned quantitative visualization modalities should be used alongside laboratory analyses of bone metabolism markers to supplement diagnostics and monitor treatment efficacy in patients suffering from osteoporosis. Conclusion. Assessment of risk factors and early diagnosis are prerequisites for timely treatment and effective monitoring, which is necessary for arresting the progression of bone mineral density loss and preventing the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures.
{"title":"Diagnosis of osteoporosis and prevention of osteoporotic fractures","authors":"J. Zvekic-Svorcan, K. Boskovic, T. Janković, R. Krasnik, Natasa Igic, I. Minaković","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s2013z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s2013z","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density and damage to the bone microarchitecture, which leads to bone fragility, thus increasing the risk of osteoporotic fractures. While different diagnostic methods can be employed for detecting bone mineral density decrement in a timely manner, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry remains the gold standard in research and clinical practice. Bone mineral density estimation methods. Osteoporosis can be diagnosed through conventional radiography, quantitative ultrasonography, quantitative computed tomography, and magnetic resonance. Nonetheless, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is the gold standard in the diagnosis of osteoporosis on which further treatment and monitoring are based. The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry apparatus is equipped with the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool, which estimates the 10- year probability of a major fracture and hip fracture due to osteoporosis. The use and interpretation of osteoporosis diagnostic evaluation modalities is based on the International Society for Clinical Densitometry guidelines for diagnosing osteoporosis in adults and children. According to the International Society for Clinical Densitometry recommendations, the aforementioned quantitative visualization modalities should be used alongside laboratory analyses of bone metabolism markers to supplement diagnostics and monitor treatment efficacy in patients suffering from osteoporosis. Conclusion. Assessment of risk factors and early diagnosis are prerequisites for timely treatment and effective monitoring, which is necessary for arresting the progression of bone mineral density loss and preventing the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"165 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91461571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hypereosinophilic syndrome is defined as a peripheral blood eosinophil count ? 1.5 ? 109/L associated with tissue or organ damage. Eosinophilic disorders represent a group of pathological conditions with heterogeneous pathophysiology, clinical presentation and prognosis. The disease prognosis is based on identifying the subtype and mechanism of eosinophilia. It is important to assess the degree of organ damage based on diagnostics that is directed upon symptoms and signs. After exclusion of secondary causes of eosinophilia, in 2016, the World Health Organization endorsed an assessment towards a molecular classification scheme of disease subtypes named clonal or primary eosinophilias. Diagnostic evaluation of primary eosinophilia relies on a combination of morphologic review of the blood and marrow, standard cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, flow immunophenotyping, and a T-cell clonality assessment to detect histopathologic or clonal evidence for an acute or chronic myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm. The goal of the therapy is to reduce eosinophil-mediated organ damage. Depending of cause of eosinophilia therapeutic implications range from a ?watch and wait? to the implementation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
{"title":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome - diagnostic and treatment approach","authors":"D. Leković","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s1127l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s1127l","url":null,"abstract":"Hypereosinophilic syndrome is defined as a peripheral blood eosinophil count ? 1.5 ? 109/L associated with tissue or organ damage. Eosinophilic disorders represent a group of pathological conditions with heterogeneous pathophysiology, clinical presentation and prognosis. The disease prognosis is based on identifying the subtype and mechanism of eosinophilia. It is important to assess the degree of organ damage based on diagnostics that is directed upon symptoms and signs. After exclusion of secondary causes of eosinophilia, in 2016, the World Health Organization endorsed an assessment towards a molecular classification scheme of disease subtypes named clonal or primary eosinophilias. Diagnostic evaluation of primary eosinophilia relies on a combination of morphologic review of the blood and marrow, standard cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, flow immunophenotyping, and a T-cell clonality assessment to detect histopathologic or clonal evidence for an acute or chronic myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm. The goal of the therapy is to reduce eosinophil-mediated organ damage. Depending of cause of eosinophilia therapeutic implications range from a ?watch and wait? to the implementation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74087675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Vukovic, D. Antić, V. Otašević, N. Sabljić, Sofija Šarac, B. Mihaljević
Introduction. Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare entity mostly presenting with non-GCB diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, being confined to the brain, spinal cord, meninges, and eyes. Diagnosis. The diagnosis is frequently established by stereotactic or open the brain biopsy, but in some cases with isolated leptomeningeal involvement, the only way is to identify atypical/monoclonal lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid. By workup, we aim to define the extent of disease in the central nervous system and to exclude systemic involvement. Treatment. Treatment is tailored according to the patient?s age, fitness, vital organ function, comorbidities, and available therapy. The backbone of induction treatment is high-dose methotrexate, usually within polychemotherapy. Consolidation phase is a matter of debate between two approaches: 1. high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation, which appears to be the preferable option for young fit patients, and 2. whole brain radiotherapy, preserved for transplant-ineligible ones. Whole brain radiotherapy has been raising concerns because of frequent cognitive impairment, which has been significantly diminished by reducing the irradiation dose. Despite a comprehensive treatment approach, many patients relapse, and since the prognosis of relapsed/refractory disease is devastating, there is a sense of urgency for novel treatment strategies. Several targeted agents and immunomodulatory drugs have been investigated in the settings of both relapsed/refractory and initial therapy, but with limited success. Ibrutinib monotherapy can induce durable remissions in the first line, but in relapse/refractory settings, the results are controversial. Conclusion. Adequate patient selection and new prospective trials should improve survival and preserve the patient?s neurological status.
{"title":"Primary central nervous system lymphoma - an overview","authors":"V. Vukovic, D. Antić, V. Otašević, N. Sabljić, Sofija Šarac, B. Mihaljević","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s1073v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s1073v","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare entity mostly presenting with non-GCB diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, being confined to the brain, spinal cord, meninges, and eyes. Diagnosis. The diagnosis is frequently established by stereotactic or open the brain biopsy, but in some cases with isolated leptomeningeal involvement, the only way is to identify atypical/monoclonal lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid. By workup, we aim to define the extent of disease in the central nervous system and to exclude systemic involvement. Treatment. Treatment is tailored according to the patient?s age, fitness, vital organ function, comorbidities, and available therapy. The backbone of induction treatment is high-dose methotrexate, usually within polychemotherapy. Consolidation phase is a matter of debate between two approaches: 1. high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation, which appears to be the preferable option for young fit patients, and 2. whole brain radiotherapy, preserved for transplant-ineligible ones. Whole brain radiotherapy has been raising concerns because of frequent cognitive impairment, which has been significantly diminished by reducing the irradiation dose. Despite a comprehensive treatment approach, many patients relapse, and since the prognosis of relapsed/refractory disease is devastating, there is a sense of urgency for novel treatment strategies. Several targeted agents and immunomodulatory drugs have been investigated in the settings of both relapsed/refractory and initial therapy, but with limited success. Ibrutinib monotherapy can induce durable remissions in the first line, but in relapse/refractory settings, the results are controversial. Conclusion. Adequate patient selection and new prospective trials should improve survival and preserve the patient?s neurological status.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74180830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Simic-Panic, K. Boskovic, A. Knežević, J. Zvekic-Svorcan, S. Tomasevic-Todorovic, T. Spasojevic
Osteoarthritis is the most frequent form of arthritis, and the hip is the second most frequently affected joint. The effects of osteoarthritis on the hip joint often lead to marked physical impairment that can contribute to increased disability and dependency in everyday activities. Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative process with progressive loss of articular cartilage, followed by a reparative process such as reactive bone hypertrophy, which causes osteophyte formation and remodelling. The joint responds with subchondral and synovial inflammation. Patients with hip osteoarthritis report pain in the groin area which can develop slowly and worsen over time. With the progression of the disease, the range of motion of the affected hip is reduced, which affects the walking pattern and may cause a limp. Therapeutic options for hip osteoarthritis should be based on the etiopathogenesis of the disease. The approach to treatment for every patient should be multidisciplinary, multimodal and individualised taking into account personal beliefs and preferences, social and psychological factors and prior medical history. It is important to avoid unnecessary delays in referring patients with advanced hip osteoarthritis for surgical treatment, in order to prevent worse outcomes after total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this article is to offer a concise update on etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management options for hip osteoarthritis.
{"title":"Hip osteoarthritis - update on etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation and management","authors":"D. Simic-Panic, K. Boskovic, A. Knežević, J. Zvekic-Svorcan, S. Tomasevic-Todorovic, T. Spasojevic","doi":"10.2298/mpns22s2062s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns22s2062s","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis is the most frequent form of arthritis, and the hip is the second most frequently affected joint. The effects of osteoarthritis on the hip joint often lead to marked physical impairment that can contribute to increased disability and dependency in everyday activities. Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative process with progressive loss of articular cartilage, followed by a reparative process such as reactive bone hypertrophy, which causes osteophyte formation and remodelling. The joint responds with subchondral and synovial inflammation. Patients with hip osteoarthritis report pain in the groin area which can develop slowly and worsen over time. With the progression of the disease, the range of motion of the affected hip is reduced, which affects the walking pattern and may cause a limp. Therapeutic options for hip osteoarthritis should be based on the etiopathogenesis of the disease. The approach to treatment for every patient should be multidisciplinary, multimodal and individualised taking into account personal beliefs and preferences, social and psychological factors and prior medical history. It is important to avoid unnecessary delays in referring patients with advanced hip osteoarthritis for surgical treatment, in order to prevent worse outcomes after total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this article is to offer a concise update on etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management options for hip osteoarthritis.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74146538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Mijatov, A. Kiralj, N. Vuckovic, J. Nikolić, A. Tadić, Saša Mijatov
Introduction. Evaluation of the prognostic factors and the survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma is extremely important, because patients in the same tumor-node-metastasis stage may have a different survival rate. Numerous studies have been conducted on various clinical and pathological prognostic factors in order to develop a prognostic model for the survival rate of patients with oral cancer. Material and Methods. The study was designed as a prospective study including 65 consecutive patients (n = 65) of both sexes who underwent surgical treatment of oral cancer. The diagnosis of oral cancer was based on the medical history, physical examination, and biopsy. The clinical tumor-node-metastasis staging was determined based on clinical examination. The radiological tumor-node-metastasis staging was done by computed tomography of the head, neck, and chest. The tumor thickness was determined by computed tomography and histopathological analysis of surgical specimens. Results. The histopathological analysis showed a mean tumor thickness of 13.446 mm, while the mean computed tomography tumor thickness was 15.2707 mm. The correlation between computed tomography tumor thickness and histopathological tumor thickness was moderately significant (Spearman?s rho = .581, p = 0.000). Conclusion. This study supports the use of computed tomography in the determination of tumor thickness in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. We want to emphasize the importance of preoperative, detailed imaging evaluation of patients in order to avoid multiple surgical procedures, significant morbidity, and unnecessary costs.
{"title":"Preoperative determination of tumor thickness in oral squamous cell carcinoma by computed tomography","authors":"Ivana Mijatov, A. Kiralj, N. Vuckovic, J. Nikolić, A. Tadić, Saša Mijatov","doi":"10.2298/mpns2212338m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns2212338m","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Evaluation of the prognostic factors and the survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma is extremely important, because patients in the same tumor-node-metastasis stage may have a different survival rate. Numerous studies have been conducted on various clinical and pathological prognostic factors in order to develop a prognostic model for the survival rate of patients with oral cancer. Material and Methods. The study was designed as a prospective study including 65 consecutive patients (n = 65) of both sexes who underwent surgical treatment of oral cancer. The diagnosis of oral cancer was based on the medical history, physical examination, and biopsy. The clinical tumor-node-metastasis staging was determined based on clinical examination. The radiological tumor-node-metastasis staging was done by computed tomography of the head, neck, and chest. The tumor thickness was determined by computed tomography and histopathological analysis of surgical specimens. Results. The histopathological analysis showed a mean tumor thickness of 13.446 mm, while the mean computed tomography tumor thickness was 15.2707 mm. The correlation between computed tomography tumor thickness and histopathological tumor thickness was moderately significant (Spearman?s rho = .581, p = 0.000). Conclusion. This study supports the use of computed tomography in the determination of tumor thickness in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. We want to emphasize the importance of preoperative, detailed imaging evaluation of patients in order to avoid multiple surgical procedures, significant morbidity, and unnecessary costs.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73936288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edin Medjedović, Sabina Šehić-Kršlak, Z. Zvizdic, E. Begić, Alma Suljević, Fahira Imamović
Introduction. Lean principles have been successfully adapted to the healthcare environment, enabling hospitals and clinics to streamline their operations and focus on value as perceived by their patients. Many healthcare facilities have implemented lean principles to improve their efficiency. The subject of this paper is the lean concept, the essence of which is implementation of methods that affect the efficiency and quality of providing health services. Our aim was to point out the necessity of applying modern concepts in healthcare. Material and Methods. The primary sources of data were obtained through research on the opinions and possibility of applying the lean concept in hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We presented the results on the effectiveness of the lean concept in hospitals that apply it. Results. After implementation of the lean concept in an Italian hospital, the results showed a positive impact on the waiting time for admission, faster discharge, and faster flow of information. The results of the research in Bosnia and Herzegovina showed that there were positive attitudes towards the effects that would be achieved by implementing the lean concept. Conclusion. The implementation of the lean concept would reduce medical waste, which would positively affect the quality of health care services.
{"title":"Modern concepts of improving procedures and procesess in healthcare facilities - effects of the lean concept","authors":"Edin Medjedović, Sabina Šehić-Kršlak, Z. Zvizdic, E. Begić, Alma Suljević, Fahira Imamović","doi":"10.2298/mpns2212350m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns2212350m","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Lean principles have been successfully adapted to the healthcare environment, enabling hospitals and clinics to streamline their operations and focus on value as perceived by their patients. Many healthcare facilities have implemented lean principles to improve their efficiency. The subject of this paper is the lean concept, the essence of which is implementation of methods that affect the efficiency and quality of providing health services. Our aim was to point out the necessity of applying modern concepts in healthcare. Material and Methods. The primary sources of data were obtained through research on the opinions and possibility of applying the lean concept in hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We presented the results on the effectiveness of the lean concept in hospitals that apply it. Results. After implementation of the lean concept in an Italian hospital, the results showed a positive impact on the waiting time for admission, faster discharge, and faster flow of information. The results of the research in Bosnia and Herzegovina showed that there were positive attitudes towards the effects that would be achieved by implementing the lean concept. Conclusion. The implementation of the lean concept would reduce medical waste, which would positively affect the quality of health care services.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89577668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Linguistic expressions in a certain country, used in new or less developed sciences and professions, are commonly associated with difficulties due to the mother-tongue poverty. This also applies to the medical terminology. In modern Serbia, despite an eight-century-long hospital tradition, an institutional approach to the medical terminology was first established 180 years ago by the Society of Serbian Letters, founded in 1841, lasting until 1885. It was continued 30 years later by the Serbian Medical Society, founded in 1872. Society of Serbian Letters. The work of the Society of Serbian Letters on the Serbian language and terminology was very short, because Vuk Karadzic, among others, pointed out that the Society had to provide accurate and reliable terminology, which was not possible at the time. The work of Dr. Jovan Stejic and his translations of the books Macrobiotics and Anthropology are significant for medical terminology. Serbian Medical Society. Precisely set goals related to medical terminology and the preservation of the Serbian language in medicine were an integral part of the first Constitution of the Serbian Medical Society. However, during the continuous, 150-year-long work of the Society and the beginning of medical terminology standardization, for reasons still not explored, medical terminology has disappeared from its highest legal act, including the current Statute. Conclusion. Not even 180 years since the first short-term and 150 years since the long-term process of institutional approach to medical terminology was enough to develop and standardize medical terminology in modern Serbia. In order not to leave it to the arbitrariness of individuals, medical terminology must be a national strategy, such as, for example, the terminology of 33 professions in the Republic of Croatia called Croatian Professional Nomenclature.
介绍。在一个国家，在新兴或欠发达的科学和专业中使用的语言表达通常与母语贫乏有关。这也适用于医学术语。在现代塞尔维亚，尽管有长达8个世纪的医院传统，但180年前，塞尔维亚文学协会(Society of Serbia Letters)首次建立了医学术语的制度方法，该协会成立于1841年，一直持续到1885年。30年后，成立于1872年的塞尔维亚医学会继续开展这项活动。塞尔维亚文学协会。塞尔维亚文学界关于塞尔维亚语和术语的工作很短，因为Vuk Karadzic等人指出，该学会必须提供准确和可靠的术语，而这在当时是不可能的。Jovan Stejic博士的工作和他对《长寿学》和《人类学》的翻译对于医学术语来说意义重大。塞尔维亚医学会。与医学术语和在医学中保留塞尔维亚语有关的精确设定的目标是塞尔维亚医学会第一部《宪法》的一个组成部分。然而，在协会长达150年的持续工作和医学术语标准化开始期间，由于尚未查明的原因，医学术语已从其最高法律文件中消失，包括现行规约。结论。从医学术语的第一个短期过程到150年的长期制度化过程，甚至不到180年的时间，都不足以发展和规范现代塞尔维亚的医学术语。为了不让个人独断专行，医学术语必须成为一项国家战略，例如，克罗地亚共和国33个专业的术语称为克罗地亚专业术语。
{"title":"Medical terminology in modern Serbia - more than one and a half century long journey (1841-1872-2022)","authors":"A. Jelenković, Rade R. Babić","doi":"10.2298/mpns2212381j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/mpns2212381j","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Linguistic expressions in a certain country, used in new or less developed sciences and professions, are commonly associated with difficulties due to the mother-tongue poverty. This also applies to the medical terminology. In modern Serbia, despite an eight-century-long hospital tradition, an institutional approach to the medical terminology was first established 180 years ago by the Society of Serbian Letters, founded in 1841, lasting until 1885. It was continued 30 years later by the Serbian Medical Society, founded in 1872. Society of Serbian Letters. The work of the Society of Serbian Letters on the Serbian language and terminology was very short, because Vuk Karadzic, among others, pointed out that the Society had to provide accurate and reliable terminology, which was not possible at the time. The work of Dr. Jovan Stejic and his translations of the books Macrobiotics and Anthropology are significant for medical terminology. Serbian Medical Society. Precisely set goals related to medical terminology and the preservation of the Serbian language in medicine were an integral part of the first Constitution of the Serbian Medical Society. However, during the continuous, 150-year-long work of the Society and the beginning of medical terminology standardization, for reasons still not explored, medical terminology has disappeared from its highest legal act, including the current Statute. Conclusion. Not even 180 years since the first short-term and 150 years since the long-term process of institutional approach to medical terminology was enough to develop and standardize medical terminology in modern Serbia. In order not to leave it to the arbitrariness of individuals, medical terminology must be a national strategy, such as, for example, the terminology of 33 professions in the Republic of Croatia called Croatian Professional Nomenclature.","PeriodicalId":87940,"journal":{"name":"Calcutta medical review","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89505756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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