Biochemical Systematics and Ecology最新文献_第5页

Impact of altitudinal gradients on chemical profiling and pesticidal activities of Hedychium spicatum Sm 海拔梯度对刺五加（Hedychium spicatum Sm）化学特征和杀虫活性的影响

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104914

Avneesh Rawat , Om Prakash , Ravendra Kumar , Satya Kumar , R.M. Srivastava , Mamta Latwal , Ganesh Pandey

Hedychium spicatum Sm. is an endangered herb which grows preferably in humid tropics and subtropics known for its distinct camphoraceous flavour and medicinal properties. The essential oils of H. spicatum rhizomes from six different natural habitats at different altitudes in Uttarakhand, India were analyzed. Twenty compounds were identified, accounting for 87.4–98.5% of the essential oils, with 1,8-cineole (33.4–41.9%), α-terpinene (39.6%), camphor (31.4%), and linalool (29.9%), being the prevalent major constituents of all accessions. HS-ALM (H. spicatum rhizomes Almora essential oil), HS-DDN (H. spicatum rhizomes Dehradun essential oil), HS-PAU (H. spicatum rhizomes Pauri essential oil), HS-TEH (H. spicatum rhizomes Tehri essential oil), and HS-USN (H. spicatum rhizomes Udham Singh Nagar essential oil) were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes with 43.1–74.0%, respectively. In contrast, in HS-PIT (H. spicatum rhizomes Pithoragarh essential oil), hydrogenated monoterpenes dominated 57.8% of the total oil constituents. All accessions were assessed for significant nematicidal potential against Meloidogyne incognita and insecticidal potential against Spodoptera litura. The proteins/enzymes used for validation using docking studies were acetylcholinesterase (PBD ID: IC2O) and carboxylesterase (PDB ID: 1CI8). The study produced significant outcomes, showing the binding energy estimation of tested oil components to active sites supported the structure-activity relationship with bioinformatics tools.

Hedychium spicatum Sm. 是一种濒危草本植物，主要生长在潮湿的热带和亚热带地区，以其独特的樟脑味和药用特性而闻名。研究人员分析了来自印度北阿坎德邦不同海拔地区六个不同自然栖息地的 H. spicatum 根茎的精油。鉴定出 20 种化合物，占精油的 87.4-98.5%，其中 1,8-蒎烯（33.4-41.9%）、α-萜品烯（39.6%）、樟脑（31.4%）和芳樟醇（29.9%）是所有品种的主要成分。HS-ALM（H. spicatum rhizomes Almora 精油）、HS-DDN（H. spicatum rhizomes Dehradun 精油）、HS-PAU（H. spicatum rhizomes Pauri 精油）、HS-TEH（H. spicatum rhizomes Tehri 精油）和 HS-USN（H. spicatum rhizomes Udham Singh Nagar 精油）以含氧单萜为主，分别占 43.1-74.0% 。相反，在 HS-PIT（H. spicatum rhizomes Pithoragarh 精油）中，氢化单萜占精油总成分的 57.8%。对所有品种都进行了评估，以确定其对 Meloidogyne incognita 的杀线虫潜力和对 Spodoptera litura 的杀虫潜力。利用对接研究进行验证的蛋白质/酶是乙酰胆碱酯酶（PBD ID：IC2O）和羧基酯酶（PDB ID：1CI8）。研究结果表明，通过生物信息学工具对测试油成分与活性位点的结合能进行估算，支持了结构-活性关系。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical variability of selected medicinal plants from different agro-climatic zones in Kenya 肯尼亚不同农业气候区精选药用植物的植物化学变异性

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104915

Evans Omwango , Justus Onguso , John Ochora , Peter Kirira , Zipporah Kinyua , Elias Mandela

Medicinal properties of plants are a factor of their phytochemical content and profile. Agro-climatic factors such as temperature, sunlight, water availability, and soil composition can influence the profile of bioactive phytochemicals in plants and hence their medicinal potential. The study investigated the phytochemical variability in leaf extracts of selected medicinal plants, mango, guava, and avocado, from different agro-climatic zones in Kenya. Fresh healthy leaves were sampled from two hundred and twenty-seven mango (83), guava (85), and avocado (59) accessions in nine different geographical areas. Methanol extracts of the leaves were prepared and assayed for total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity. The TPC and TFC distribution in the extracts did not correlate with the agro-climate zones. However, patterns were observed attributable to geographical and specific agro-climatic parameters. Further, correlation analyses showed that specific agro-climatic parameters significantly affected TPC and TFC. Specifically, guava TPC, avocado TPC, and mango TFC had a moderately negative correlation with rainfall and soil moisture. Mango TFC had a moderate correlation with altitude and temperature. However, none of the correlations was high (r ≥ 0.5), suggesting the effect of other confounding factors. No discernible trend was observed with the antioxidant properties. Though some geographical patterns and correlations with agro-climatic parameters were established in the study, TPC, TFC, and antioxidant activity and agro-climatic zones may not be conclusively used to characterize these medicinal plants. Future studies may narrow on specific bioactive molecules and specific agro-climatic parameters.

植物的药用特性取决于其植物化学成分的含量和特征。农业气候因素（如温度、日照、水分供应和土壤成分）会影响植物中具有生物活性的植物化学物质，从而影响其药用潜力。本研究调查了肯尼亚不同农业气候区的芒果、番石榴和鳄梨等选定药用植物叶片提取物的植物化学变异性。研究人员从九个不同地理区域的 227 个芒果（83 个）、番石榴（85 个）和鳄梨（59 个）品种中采集了健康的新鲜叶片样本。制备了叶片的甲醇提取物，并对总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）和抗氧化活性进行了检测。萃取物中总酚和总黄酮的分布与农业气候区无关。但是，可以观察到与地理和特定农业气候参数有关的模式。此外，相关分析表明，特定的农业气候参数对 TPC 和 TFC 有显著影响。具体而言，番石榴全生育期、鳄梨全生育期和芒果全生育期与降雨量和土壤湿度呈中度负相关。芒果全生育期与海拔和温度呈中度相关。不过，这些相关性都不高（r ≥ 0.5），这表明还有其他干扰因素的影响。在抗氧化特性方面没有观察到明显的趋势。虽然本研究确定了一些地理模式以及与农业气候参数的相关性，但 TPC、TFC 和抗氧化活性与农业气候区可能并不能最终用于描述这些药用植物的特征。未来的研究可能会缩小对特定生物活性分子和特定农业气候参数的研究范围。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical constituents from noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice and their chemotaxonomic significance 诺丽果汁中的化学成分及其化学分类学意义

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104910

Yu-Qin Meng , Bin Zhang , Dong-Hui Zhang , Zhang-Xin Yu , Chun-Hua Long , Si-Rong Li , Xue-Na Zhang , Xiao-Bao Li , Guang-Ying Chen

Extensive phytochemical investigation on the noni juice, a globally renowned health beverage derived from the fermentation of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit in tropical regions, led to the discovery of a new coumarin glycoside, esculetin-7-O-β-d-glycopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), along with a new natural product (8), and eighteen known compounds: six coumarin derivatives (2–7), two alkaloids (9 and 16), six diketopiperazines (10–15), a furan derivative (17), and three lignans (18–20). The structures of these compounds were elucidated through extensive NMR and HRESIMS analysis. The NMR data of compounds 2 and 8 are reported comprehensively for the first time. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated compounds was also examined, highlighting their significance. Notably, compounds 1–4, 8–16, and 18 were being reported from the genus Morinda for the first time. These findings contribute to the growing understanding of the chemical diversity of noni juice.

诺丽果汁是由热带地区的诺丽（Morinda citrifolia L.）果实发酵而成的一种全球知名的健康饮料。）果实的植物化学研究，发现了一种新的香豆素苷，即 esculetin-7-O-β-d-glycopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1)，以及一种新的天然产物 (8) 和 18 种已知化合物：六种香豆素衍生物 (2-7)、两种生物碱 (9 和 16)、六种二酮哌嗪 (10-15)、一种呋喃衍生物 (17) 和三种木脂素 (18-20)。通过大量的核磁共振和 HRESIMS 分析，这些化合物的结构得以阐明。化合物 2 和 8 的核磁共振数据是首次全面报道。此外，还研究了分离出的化合物的化学分类学意义，突出了这些化合物的重要性。值得注意的是，1-4、8-16 和 18 号化合物是首次从巴戟属中分离出来。这些发现有助于加深人们对诺丽果汁化学多样性的了解。

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引用次数: 0

NMR metabolic profiling and biological activities of different extracts from a Turkish herbal tea-Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum 土耳其草药茶-Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum 不同提取物的核磁共振代谢谱分析和生物活性

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104908

Francesca Guzzo , Carlo Raucci , Gokhan Zengin , Gizem Emre , Asaad Khalid , Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally , Brigida D'Abrosca

Clinopodium nepeta subsp. glandulosum (Req.) Govaerts (Lamiaceae), is traditionally used as antispasmodic, diaphoretic, stimulant, and tonic medicinal herbs and as mint-like spice used in various culinary recipes. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of studies to validate its biological properties. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS radicals, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant via phosphomolybdenum assay, metal ion chelating capacity of different extracts (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, ethanol/water and water) of C. nepeta were determined. The water extract contained the highest phenolic contents (51.47 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g) and ethanol/water extract yielded largest amount of flavonoid contents (43.86 ± 0.63 mg RE/g). The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was in the order of ethanol/water > water > ethanol > ethyl acetate > dichloromethane > n-hexane. The enzyme inhibition of the different extracts was also investigated. Ethanol/Water extract demonstrated the highest AChE inhibitory capacity (2.66 mg GALAE/g) while ethyl acetate extract revealed high BChE inhibitory activity (3.29 mg GALAE/g). Exhaustive 2D-NMR investigation has revealed the presence of acacetin derivatives, ursolic acid along with and 2,4-di-t-butylphenol. These findings revealed that extracts of C. nepeta could be used as a promising therapeutic agent against free radicals, brain enzymes including AChE and BChE and in the treatment of hyperpigmentation as a skin whitening ingredient as well as in the treatment and management of diabetes. However, further studies are required to determine the safety profiles of these extracts.

Clinopodium nepeta subsp.glandulosum（Req.）Govaerts（Lamiaceae）是一种传统的解痉、利尿、刺激和滋补药材，也可作为类似薄荷的香料用于各种烹饪配方中。尽管如此，对其生物特性进行验证的研究仍然很少。本研究测定了裙带菜不同提取物（正己烷、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、乙醇/水和水）的总酚和类黄酮含量、DPPH 和 ABTS 自由基清除活性、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、磷钼测定法得出的总抗氧化能力、金属离子螯合能力。水提取物的酚含量最高（51.47 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g），乙醇/水提取物的黄酮含量最高（43.86 ± 0.63 mg RE/g）。提取物的 DPPH 自由基清除活性依次为乙醇/水；水；乙醇；乙酸乙酯；二氯甲烷；正己烷。还研究了不同提取物对酶的抑制作用。乙醇/水提取物显示出最高的 AChE 抑制能力（2.66 毫克 GALAE/克），而乙酸乙酯提取物显示出较高的 BChE 抑制活性（3.29 毫克 GALAE/克）。详尽的 2D-NMR 研究表明，其中存在乙酰乙酸衍生物、熊果酸以及 2,4-二叔丁基苯酚。这些研究结果表明，尼泊金萃取物可用作抗自由基、抗 AChE 和 BChE 等脑酶的治疗药物，也可作为皮肤美白成分用于色素沉着的治疗以及糖尿病的治疗和管理。不过，还需要进一步的研究来确定这些提取物的安全性。

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引用次数: 0

The oleochemical potential of some wild nutmegs from North East India 印度东北部一些野生肉豆蔻的油脂化学潜力

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104904

Rubi Barman , Jadumoni Saikia , Prasanna Sarmah , Parthapratim Konwar , Siddhartha Proteem Saikia , Saikat Haldar , Dipanwita Banik

The essential and fixed oils cover a vast arena of industrial usage, including flavour-fragrances, cosmetics, health-body care, biofuel and bioenergy. The species of Myristicaceae were traditionally used to prepare soaps and candles. The research focused on extracting and characterising the essential and fixed oils of Myristicaceae from Assam and adjoining region. The study found essential oil for the first time from vegetative parts of Horsfieldia kingii and H. amygdalina from NE India. GC-MS analysis exhibited nearly 47 compounds among Horsfieldia kingii, H. amygdalina and Knema angustifolia, having compositional similarity among the latter two. About 11 common and significant compounds identified were copaene (1.34–22.22%), β-caryophyllene (0.34–4.36%), caryophyllene oxide (0.82–50.43%), humulene epoxide II (1.21–5.67%), δ-cadinol (1.10–7.92%), epi-γ-eudesmol (3.03–10.83%), globulol (0.82–42.28%), viridiflorol (2.34–39.14%), β-elemene (0.47–18.62%), shyobunol (1.37–7.5%) and t-cadinol (1.29–4.46%). The volatiles with high area coverage were juniper camphor (70.85%), caryophyllene oxide (50.43%), globulol (42.28%), viridiflorol (39.14%), α-pinene (36.56%), and β-selinene (20.53%). The physicochemical parameters of fixed oils of kernel and mace of H. amygdalina, H. kingii, K. angustifolia, K. linifolia and K. tenuinervia for the first time showed the yield 6.10–44.35% with compositional abundance of myristic acid, methyl ester (20.87–86.1%), lauric acid, methyl ester (35.81–40.02%), oleic acid, methyl ester (30.2–47.45%), palmitic acid, methyl ester (19.16–37.9%), mostly the saturated fatty acids. Both essential and fixed oils of wild nutmegs depicted the commercial potential of wild biowaste for novel renewable source of biomarkers.

精油和固定油的工业用途非常广泛，包括香精香料、化妆品、保健身体护理、生物燃料和生物能源。肉豆蔻属植物传统上用于制作肥皂和蜡烛。研究的重点是提取阿萨姆邦及邻近地区肉豆蔻科植物的精油和固定油，并确定其特征。该研究首次从印度东北部的 Horsfieldia kingii 和 H. amygdalina 植物部分中发现了精油。GC-MS 分析显示，在 Horsfieldia kingii、H. amygdalina 和 Knema angustifolia 中发现了近 47 种化合物，后两者的成分相似。鉴定出的常见重要化合物约有 11 种，分别是 copaene（1.34-22.22%）、β-caryophyllene（0.34-4.36%）、caryophyllene oxide（0.82-50.43%）、humulene epoxide II（1.21-5.67%), δ-cadinol (1.10-7.92%), epi-γ-eudesmol (3.03-10.83%), globulol (0.82-42.28%), viridiflorol (2.34-39.14%), β-elemene (0.47-18.62%), shyobunol (1.37-7.5%) 和 t-cadinol (1.29-4.46%)。挥发物覆盖率较高的是杜松樟脑（70.85%）、氧化香叶烯（50.43%）、球醇（42.28%）、紫罗兰酚（39.14%）、α-蒎烯（36.56%）和β-硒烯（20.53%）。H.amygdalina、H.kingii、K.angustifolia、K.linifolia 和 K. tenuinervia 的核仁和肉豆蔻固定油的理化参数首次显示出 6.10-44.35%，其中肉豆蔻酸甲酯（20.87%-86.1%）、月桂酸甲酯（35.81%-40.02%）、油酸甲酯（30.2%-47.45%）、棕榈酸甲酯（19.16%-37.9%）含量丰富，大部分为饱和脂肪酸。野生肉豆蔻的精油和固定油都显示了野生生物废弃物作为新型可再生生物标志物来源的商业潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical profiling and bioactivity analysis of shoots and roots essential oil of Indian Blumea mollis D. Don (Merr.) 印度昙花（Blumea mollis D. Don (Merr.)）嫩枝和根部精油的化学特征和生物活性分析

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104913

Sushma Kholiya , Mahipal Singh , Amit Chauhan , Rajendra Chandra Padalia , Ameeta Tiwari

Aromatic plants contain essential oils, potent extracts renowned for therapeutic benefits. Essential oils are commonly utilized due to their diverse range of phytochemicals that possess therapeutic properties. The present study analyses the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from shoots and roots of Blumea mollis (Family: Asteraceae), using GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. A total of 49 and 46 compounds were identified from shoots and roots accounting for 95.6 % and 88.4 % respectively. β-caryophyllene is reported as major compound 36.2 ± 0.50 % in essential oil of the shoots and 33.8 ± 0.55 % in essential oil of the roots. Both essential oils of shoots and roots were dominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (59.2–76.4%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpene (14.9–20.3%). The in vitro antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH radical scavenging activity, H₂O₂ radical scavenging activity, and Iron(II) complexing activity. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in root essential oil of B. mollis. The oils also inhibited the activity of α-amylase with IC₅₀ of 3.53 ± 0.04 μg/ml (shoot), 3.45 ± 0.04 μg/ml (root). Root oil also showed good activity for protein denaturation with IC₅₀ of 3.02 ± 0.03 g/ml as compared to shoot essential oil. This is first time that essential oil constituent and biological activity of B. mollis roots and shoots have been characterized from India.

芳香植物含有精油，这些有效的萃取物以治疗功效著称。精油中含有多种具有治疗功效的植物化学物质，因此被广泛使用。本研究采用 GC-FID 和 GC-MS 技术分析了从 Blumea mollis（菊科）的嫩枝和根中提取的精油的化学成分。从嫩枝和根中分别鉴定出 49 种和 46 种化合物，所占比例分别为 95.6 % 和 88.4 %。据报告，β-石竹烯是嫩枝精油中 36.2 ± 0.50 % 和根精油中 33.8 ± 0.55 % 的主要化合物。嫩枝和根的精油都以倍半萜碳氢化合物为主（59.2-76.4%），其次是含氧倍半萜（14.9-20.3%）。体外抗氧化活性是通过 DPPH 自由基清除活性、H2O2 自由基清除活性和铁（II）络合活性来测定的。莫利根精油的抗氧化活性最高。精油还能抑制α-淀粉酶的活性，IC50 为 3.53 ± 0.04 μg/ml（嫩枝）和 3.45 ± 0.04 μg/ml（根）。与嫩枝精油相比，根部精油对蛋白质变性也表现出良好的活性，IC50 为 3.02 ± 0.03 g/ml。这是印度首次对 B. mollis 根和芽的精油成分和生物活性进行表征。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison and diversity of phytochemical profiles of Spondias mombin and S. tuberosa using LC-MS and multivariate statistical analysis 利用 LC-MS 和多元统计分析比较 Spondias mombin 和 S. tuberosa 的植物化学成分及其多样性

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104912

Marina Dantas Corradin , Alvaro Luis Lamas Cassago , Maria Auxiliadora Coelho de Lima , Viseldo Ribeiro de Oliveira , Christiane Mendes Cassimiro Ramires , Ricardo Elesbão Alves , Guilherme Julião Zocolo , Fernando Batista Da Costa

The species Spondias mombin and Spondias tuberosa are fruit plants from the family Anacardiaceae, and the fruits of these plants are popularly known as “cajá” and “umbu”, respectively, and are marketed as exotic fruits in Brazil. The promoted marketing of these species in the market is hampered by their genetic variability and a lack of knowledge of techniques for reproduction, harvesting, and conservation. Therefore, active germplasm banks (AGBs) were created by The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) to conserve genetic resources and optimize the use of these species. One of the approaches to the selection of species is metabolomics studies. In this work, using liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, multivariate statistical analysis was used to correlate the metabolomic profiles of the bark, branches, and leaves of S. mombin and S. tuberosa. Thus, the compounds that most influenced the observed groups were identified and indicated as chemical markers of these species. To carry out the dereplication of the metabolomic profiles, a library of chemical structures of the Anacardiaceae family was constructed, which enabled the identification of 40 compounds, 10 of which were at level 1 using the library and reference standards and 30 at level 2 using only the library. The results of the present study showed that the branches and bark contain gallic acid and citric acid as chemical markers, and their profiles are similar between species. In the case of the leaves of S. mombin, the anacardic acid C17:3 and quercetin derivatives were identified as chemical markers, while the leaves of S. tuberosa contained the anacardic acids C17:1, C17:2, and C13 as chemical markers. Meteorological factors had a greater influence on the metabolic profile of the leaves than did genetic variability. In the case of S. mombin leaves, flavonoids are inversely correlated with cloudiness and directly correlated with the temperature at the collection site.

Spondias mombin 和 Spondias tuberosa 是天南星科的果实植物，这些植物的果实分别被俗称为 "cajá "和 "umbu"，在巴西被作为外来水果销售。这些物种的遗传变异以及对繁殖、收获和保存技术的缺乏阻碍了它们在市场上的推广销售。因此，巴西农业研究公司（EMBRAPA）建立了积极的种质库（AGBs），以保护遗传资源并优化这些物种的利用。代谢组学研究是选择物种的方法之一。在这项工作中，利用基于液相色谱-质谱联用技术的代谢组学，采用多元统计分析方法对 S. mombin 和 S. tuberosa 树皮、树枝和树叶的代谢组学特征进行了相关分析。因此，确定了对观察到的群体影响最大的化合物，并将其作为这些物种的化学标记。为了对代谢组图谱进行去复制，构建了一个天南星科植物化学结构库，从而鉴定出了 40 种化合物，其中 10 种化合物通过使用化学结构库和参考标准达到了 1 级水平，30 种化合物仅通过使用化学结构库达到了 2 级水平。本研究的结果表明，树枝和树皮中含有没食子酸和柠檬酸作为化学标记，它们在不同物种之间的特征相似。在桑白皮的叶片中，C17:3 邻苯二甲酸和槲皮素衍生物被确定为化学标记，而在块茎桑的叶片中，C17:1、C17:2 和 C13 邻苯二甲酸被确定为化学标记。与遗传变异相比，气象因素对叶片代谢特征的影响更大。就 S. mombin 叶片而言，黄酮类化合物与云量成反比，与采集地点的温度成正比。

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引用次数: 0

Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. (Chloranthaceae): A review of metabolite structural diversity and pharmacology Chloranthus japonicus Sieb.(Chloranthus japonicus Sieb：）代谢物结构多样性和药理学综述

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104911

Nguyen Thi Thoa , Nguyen Quang Hop , Ninh The Son

Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. (the family Chloranthaceae) is a medicinal Asian plant with interesting phytochemicals. The current study aims to comprehensively provide an in-depth review of phytochemistry, and the role of C. japonicus secondary metabolites in pharmacology. Using chromatographic columns, 207 compounds have been isolated and structurally elucidated with a diversity of sesquiterpenoids. Several compounds, such as chlojaponilide M, cycloshizukaol A, chlojapolactone A, hitorins A-H, japonicones A-C, and trishizukaol A were characteristic metabolites of C. japonicus. It also brings benefits in the use of C. japonicus constituents for drug development, in which they possess various biological values, such as anticancer, anti-microbial, anti-virus, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, and metabolic activities. Some isolated agents themselves have potential since they are better than the positive controls. The NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) is one of the underlying molecular mechanisms for pharmacological exploration. Collectively, extensive in vitro and in vivo biomedical studies on C. japonicus constituents, especially lindenane-type sesquiterpenoids, are necessary.

Chloranthus japonicus Sieb.(日本绿萝（Chloranthaceae）是一种药用亚洲植物，具有有趣的植物化学成分。本研究旨在对日本绿萝的植物化学以及次生代谢物在药理学中的作用进行全面深入的综述。通过色谱柱，研究人员分离并阐明了 207 种化合物的结构，其中包括多种倍半萜类化合物。Chlojaponilide M、cycloshizukaol A、chlojapolactone A、hitorins A-H、japonicones A-C 和 trishizukaol A 等几种化合物是日本忍冬的特征代谢物。日本忍冬的成分具有多种生物价值，如抗癌、抗微生物、抗病毒、抗炎、抗肥胖和新陈代谢活性，这也有利于日本忍冬成分的药物开发。有些分离制剂本身就具有潜力，因为它们比阳性对照组更好。NF-κB（核因子卡巴 B）是药理学探索的基本分子机制之一。总之，有必要对日本忍冬的成分，尤其是椴树烷类倍半萜进行广泛的体外和体内生物医学研究。

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引用次数: 0

Geographic based phenolic compound variations in South African Schinus molle L. peppercorns 南非 Schinus molle L. 花椒中基于地理位置的酚类化合物变化

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104905

Callistus Bvenura, Learnmore Kambizi

Environmental conditions affect polyphenolic compounds in plants, and yet little is known about the response of Schinus molle peppercorns to geographical location. S molle is a folkloric pseudospice of Andean origin possessing multiple culinary and medicinal functions. This globally invasive species presents an immense multidimensional potential. Polyphenolic compounds were therefore profiled and quantified from pink peppercorns growing in 12 distinct locations in the Eastern and Western Cape provinces of South Africa using UPLC-QTOF-MS techniques. Eleven flavonoids were reported, including epigallocatechin gallate, +)-tephrorin B, astilbin, procyanidin B5, 4-benzyl-7-hydroxy-3-phenyl-2H-chromen-2-one, and isochamaejasmin which were reported for the first time in this species. Five phenolic acids, three glycosides, and tannins (theogallin (3-galloylquinic acid), digalloyl quinic acid, digalloylshikimic acid, β-glucogallin A and β-glucogallin B) were also revealed among others. PCA revealed a high composition of polyphenolic compounds in the Eastern in comparison to the Western Cape regions. Flavonoids were glaringly higher in winter rainfall receiving coastal regions. Consequently, the highest catechin content was 229% higher in the Eastern (1269.9 mg/kg) than the Western Cape (553.4 mg/kg). Furthermore, isochamaejasmin, the compound with possibly the highest concentration is reported in George (1741 mg/kg) and Gqeberha (2601.2 mg/kg) representing 149% differences between the two regions. Soil type alone did not conclusively appear to influence polyphenolic compound accumulation in this study. Elucidating the distribution of polyphenolic compounds in this species could open new insights for potential therapeutic, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications including possibilities for new and improved organic drugs, and food product development.

环境条件会影响植物中的多酚化合物，但人们对 Schinus molle 花椒对地理位置的反应却知之甚少。S molle 是一种起源于安第斯的民间假花椒，具有多种烹饪和药用功能。这种全球入侵物种具有巨大的多维潜力。因此，我们使用 UPLC-QTOF-MS 技术对生长在南非东开普省和西开普省 12 个不同地点的粉红胡椒中的多酚化合物进行了分析和定量。共报告了 11 种黄酮类化合物，包括表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、+)-头孢霉素 B、天竺葵素、原花青素 B5、4-苄基-7-羟基-3-苯基-2H-色烯-2-酮和异橙黄素，这在该物种中尚属首次报告。此外，还发现了五种酚酸、三种苷和鞣质（theogallin（3-galloylquinic acid）、digalloyl quinic acid、digalloylshikimic acid、β-glucogallin A 和 β-glucogallin B）等。PCA 显示，与西开普省相比，东开普省的多酚类化合物含量较高。在冬季降雨较多的沿海地区，类黄酮含量明显较高。因此，东部地区儿茶素的最高含量（1269.9 毫克/千克）比西开普省（553.4 毫克/千克）高出 229%。此外，乔治（1741 毫克/千克）和 Gqeberha（2601.2 毫克/千克）报告的异橙皮苷（isochamaejasmin）可能是含量最高的化合物，两个地区的差异达 149%。在这项研究中，土壤类型本身似乎并不完全影响多酚化合物的积累。阐明多酚类化合物在该物种中的分布可为潜在的治疗、制药和农业应用提供新的见解，包括开发新的改良有机药物和食品的可能性。

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Chemophenetic significance and antibacterial activity of extract, various fractions and secondary metabolites from the stem bark of Ochna afzelii R. Br. (ex Oliv.) Ochna afzelii R. Br. （ex Oliv.）

IF 1.4 4区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochemical Systematics and Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2024.104909

Morel Hervé D. Kakabi , Arno R. Donfack Nanfack , Jean-De-Dieu Tamokou , James D. Simo Mpetga , Romeo Désiré T. Nago , Muhammad Shaiq Ali , Mathieu Tene , Augustin Silvère Ngouela

Chemical investigation of the acetone-soluble sub-fraction of the methanolic extract of the stem bark of Ochna afzelii R. Br. (ex Oliv.) led to the isolation of fourteen known secondary metabolites comprising two dimeric chalcones namely dihydrolophirone M (1) and lophirone L (2), two rearranged biflavonoids: lophirone A (3) and 4‴-methoxylophirone A (4), two biflavanone derivatives: biflavanone I (5) and biflavanone II (6), two isoflavonoids: methylirisolin (7) and biochanin A (8), one flavanol: epicatechin (9), one phenolic acid: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (10), one anthraquinone: physcion (11), two triterpenoids: lupeol (12) and oleanolic acid (13), and one steroid: sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (14). Biochanin A (8) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (10) are herein reported for the first time from the family Ochnaceae. The antibacterial activity was assessed in vitro against pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The crude methanolic extract as well as its acetone-soluble and insoluble fractions exhibited high to significant antibacterial activity, while isolated compounds mostly displayed moderate antibacterial activity (MIC = 16–64 μg/mL).

对 Ochna afzelii R. Br. （ex Oliv.) 分离出 14 种已知的次生代谢物，包括两种二聚查耳酮，即二氢罗非酮 M (1) 和罗非酮 L (2)；两种重新排列的双黄酮类化合物：罗非酮 A (3) 和 4‴-甲氧基罗非酮 A (4)；两种双黄烷酮衍生物：双黄烷酮 I (5) 和双黄烷酮 II (6)；两种异黄酮类化合物：甲基鸢尾素 (7) 和生物黄酮素 (8)：一种黄烷醇：表儿茶素 (9)；一种酚酸：3,4-二羟基苯甲酸 (10)；一种蒽醌：physcion (11)；两种三萜类化合物：羽扇豆醇 (12) 和齐墩果酸 (13)；以及一种类固醇：西固醇-3-O-β-d-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (14)。本文首次报道了木犀科植物中的 Biochanin A（8）和 3,4-二羟基苯甲酸（10）。对大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌等致病菌株的抗菌活性进行了体外评估。粗甲醇提取物及其丙酮溶性和不溶性馏分显示出高度至显著的抗菌活性，而分离出的化合物大多显示出中等抗菌活性（MIC = 16-64 μg/mL）。

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引用次数: 0