The study utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to determine condom use behavior among college students. A total of 218 college students with mean age of 20.9 years old participated in the study. A 32- item cross-sectional survey was administered among the participants. The constructs of attitude towards behavior, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm (p<0.001) significantly predicted intention to use condoms and they accounted for 64% of the variance. Behavioral intention significantly predicted condom use and it accounted for 15% of the variance. The TPB could be used to guide programs in promoting condom use among college students.
{"title":"USING THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR TO DETERMINE THE CONDOM USE BEHAVIOR AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS.","authors":"M. Asare","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2015.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2015.168","url":null,"abstract":"The study utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to determine condom use behavior among college students. A total of 218 college students with mean age of 20.9 years old participated in the study. A 32- item cross-sectional survey was administered among the participants. The constructs of attitude towards behavior, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm (p<0.001) significantly predicted intention to use condoms and they accounted for 64% of the variance. Behavioral intention significantly predicted condom use and it accounted for 15% of the variance. The TPB could be used to guide programs in promoting condom use among college students.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":"30 1 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44155363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge of female students about heart disease (HD). A sample of 334 students (age=18-64 years) completed a 43-item survey. Students (32%) considered themselves “not informed” about HD. Yet, HD was identified as a main health problem (30.5%) and a leading cause of death (60%; p < .05). Students with private health insurance (54%) visited the doctor regularly versus those without private or known type of insurance (6.4% and 2.1%, respectively; p < .05). Students identified exercise (73.8%) and aromatherapy (14.1%) as preventive methods for HD. To increase HD awareness among female students, educational opportunities should be incorporated into coursework.
{"title":"Awareness of Heart Disease Among Female College Students","authors":"Ghadah Alshuwaiyer, E. Taylor","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2014.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2014.227","url":null,"abstract":"This cross-sectional study assessed the knowledge of female students about heart disease (HD). A sample of 334 students (age=18-64 years) completed a 43-item survey. Students (32%) considered themselves “not informed” about HD. Yet, HD was identified as a main health problem (30.5%) and a leading cause of death (60%; p < .05). Students with private health insurance (54%) visited the doctor regularly versus those without private or known type of insurance (6.4% and 2.1%, respectively; p < .05). Students identified exercise (73.8%) and aromatherapy (14.1%) as preventive methods for HD. To increase HD awareness among female students, educational opportunities should be incorporated into coursework.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41796638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study was to analyze the percent of targets achieved for 31 student objectives from eight of the topic areas of Healthy Campus 2020. The objectives chosen for critical review were based on Healthy Campus 2020 topics that were relevant to course objectives for a required general education undergraduate course on wellness. The assessment of these behaviors will be used to develop future interventions and curriculum additions aimed at increasing the health behaviors among undergraduate students and reducing the risky behaviors that might hinder their educational success. Overall, 1019 students at our university filled out the ACHA-NCHA II Survey. Our SSRU identified 12 areas of health concerns where improvements are necessary to more closely align with Healthy Campus 2020 – depression, anxiety, healthy weight, obesity, fruit/vegetable consumption, aerobic physical activity, muscle strengthening, condom and contraception use, HIV testing, nonmedical use of prescription drugs, and hookah use. The results show the institution needs to expand the emphasis on protective factors and reduce risk factors. Relaying reliable, evidence-based health information to our students is imperative in order to allow individuals to make informed choices.
{"title":"Assessment and Evaluation of Student Health Behaviors at a State-Supported Regional University","authors":"J. Lombardi, Mandi N. Dupain","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2014.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2014.218","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to analyze the percent of targets achieved for 31 student objectives from eight of the topic areas of Healthy Campus 2020. The objectives chosen for critical review were based on Healthy Campus 2020 topics that were relevant to course objectives for a required general education undergraduate course on wellness. The assessment of these behaviors will be used to develop future interventions and curriculum additions aimed at increasing the health behaviors among undergraduate students and reducing the risky behaviors that might hinder their educational success. Overall, 1019 students at our university filled out the ACHA-NCHA II Survey. Our SSRU identified 12 areas of health concerns where improvements are necessary to more closely align with Healthy Campus 2020 – depression, anxiety, healthy weight, obesity, fruit/vegetable consumption, aerobic physical activity, muscle strengthening, condom and contraception use, HIV testing, nonmedical use of prescription drugs, and hookah use. The results show the institution needs to expand the emphasis on protective factors and reduce risk factors. Relaying reliable, evidence-based health information to our students is imperative in order to allow individuals to make informed choices.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46909294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the associations between the consumption of alcohol, unhealthy foods, and obesity are known, there is no consensus on the mechanisms involved. Previous research demonstrates that the type of foods available during the peak times for alcohol consumption differ from those available at other times. Advertisements targeting college students indicate an awareness of increased cravings for “junk foods” following alcohol consumption, however there is no previous research on how alcohol consumption affects actual dietary choices differentially by type of food, in comparison to non-alcohol related food consumption. The current study demonstrates that college students’ food cravings increase, consumption of fruits and vegetables is lower, and consumption of junk foods is higher with alcohol consumption than at other times. Respondents reported eating something that they were craving the majority (57%) of the time; however, on average they ate something healthier than what they were craving 27% of the time. These findings help to clarify the behavioral mechanisms underlying the relationship between alcohol consumption, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and obesity.
{"title":"The Impact of Alcohol Consumption on Food Choice Among College Students","authors":"J. Kruger, D. Kruger","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2015.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2015.171","url":null,"abstract":"Although the associations between the consumption of alcohol, unhealthy foods, and obesity are known, there is no consensus on the mechanisms involved. Previous research demonstrates that the type of foods available during the peak times for alcohol consumption differ from those available at other times. Advertisements targeting college students indicate an awareness of increased cravings for “junk foods” following alcohol consumption, however there is no previous research on how alcohol consumption affects actual dietary choices differentially by type of food, in comparison to non-alcohol related food consumption. The current study demonstrates that college students’ food cravings increase, consumption of fruits and vegetables is lower, and consumption of junk foods is higher with alcohol consumption than at other times. Respondents reported eating something that they were craving the majority (57%) of the time; however, on average they ate something healthier than what they were craving 27% of the time. These findings help to clarify the behavioral mechanisms underlying the relationship between alcohol consumption, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and obesity.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48234184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose was to analyze the percent of targets achieved for seven student objectives of HealthyCampus 2020. The objectives were chosen to assess our university's implementation of a Sexual AssaultViolence Prevention and Awareness campaign. Overall, 1,019 students at our university filled out the ACHA-NCHA II Survey. Our SSRU identified four areas of health concerns where improvements arenecessary to align more closely with Healthy Campus 2020: physical assaults, emotionally and sexually abusive intimate relationships, non-consensual touching and penetration, and feelings of safety at night. To align our student health objectives with the Healthy Campus 2020 targets we have identified the following areas that need extra eff orts: physical assaults, emotionally and sexually abusive intimate relationships, non-consensual touching and penetration, and feelings of safety at night. Based on these results we will continue emphasizing the prevention model using a coordinated, educational approach.
{"title":"Developing and Implementing a Sexual Assault Violence Prevention and Awareness Campaign at a State-Supported Regional University","authors":"Mandi N. Dupain, J. Lombardi","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2014.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2014.224","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose was to analyze the percent of targets achieved for seven student objectives of HealthyCampus 2020. The objectives were chosen to assess our university's implementation of a Sexual AssaultViolence Prevention and Awareness campaign. Overall, 1,019 students at our university filled out the ACHA-NCHA II Survey. Our SSRU identified four areas of health concerns where improvements arenecessary to align more closely with Healthy Campus 2020: physical assaults, emotionally and sexually abusive intimate relationships, non-consensual touching and penetration, and feelings of safety at night. To align our student health objectives with the Healthy Campus 2020 targets we have identified the following areas that need extra eff orts: physical assaults, emotionally and sexually abusive intimate relationships, non-consensual touching and penetration, and feelings of safety at night. Based on these results we will continue emphasizing the prevention model using a coordinated, educational approach. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48097791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A professional responsibility for health education specialists is “communicate, promote, and advocate for health, health education/promotion, and the profession” as described by the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which health educators incorporate advocacy into their professional responsibilities. Additionally, this study looked at factors that impede or foster advocacy self-efficacy among health educators. Eight participants completed a 30-45 minute in-depth interview about their advocacy experiences and self-efficacy levels/influencers. Results indicated performance accomplishments and vicarious experiences were the most critical factors leading to participants’ self-reported increase in self-efficacy. Recommendations for increasing advocacy self-efficacy are described.
{"title":"Examining Advocacy Activity and Self-Efficacy Among Health Educators","authors":"Kadi Bliss, Madeline Dressner","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2015.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2015.184","url":null,"abstract":"A professional responsibility for health education specialists is “communicate, promote, and advocate for health, health education/promotion, and the profession” as described by the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which health educators incorporate advocacy into their professional responsibilities. Additionally, this study looked at factors that impede or foster advocacy self-efficacy among health educators. Eight participants completed a 30-45 minute in-depth interview about their advocacy experiences and self-efficacy levels/influencers. Results indicated performance accomplishments and vicarious experiences were the most critical factors leading to participants’ self-reported increase in self-efficacy. Recommendations for increasing advocacy self-efficacy are described.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45500100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliane Domigan, Tavis J Glassman, P. Mulrow, Diana Reindl, A. Diehr
This investigation used constructs from the Health Belief Model to examine physicians’ attitudes toward educating patients about motor vehicle safety. The setting was a community in the Midwest. Participants (n=188) indicated they lack the time and expertise to counsel their patients in certain areas. Perceived barriers and self-efficacy predicted 40% of the variance in physicians counseling on this subject. However, perceived benefits were not statistically significant. Training physicians on motor vehicle safety via in-services, conference seminars, or as an addition to their current curriculum may result in decreased fatalities and injuries from car crashes.
{"title":"Physicians' Attitudes Toward Discussing Motor Vehicle Safety With Their Patients","authors":"Juliane Domigan, Tavis J Glassman, P. Mulrow, Diana Reindl, A. Diehr","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2014.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2014.220","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation used constructs from the Health Belief Model to examine physicians’ attitudes toward educating patients about motor vehicle safety. The setting was a community in the Midwest. Participants (n=188) indicated they lack the time and expertise to counsel their patients in certain areas. Perceived barriers and self-efficacy predicted 40% of the variance in physicians counseling on this subject. However, perceived benefits were not statistically significant. Training physicians on motor vehicle safety via in-services, conference seminars, or as an addition to their current curriculum may result in decreased fatalities and injuries from car crashes.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46364751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Thompson, J. Yannessa, Fredanna M. McGough, Michael S Dunn, J. Duffy
The purpose of this study was to assess parents’ and teens’ views on talking about sex and birth control and their level of comfort in discussing these topics. The methodology consisted of telephone surveys with 988 adults and in person interviews with 797 teens within two counties in South Carolina. This study found that more teen females than males communicated with adults about discussing sex or birth control and mothers were most likely to be sought out. Over half of the teens indicated that they had talked to another adult about sex or birth control and the person most likely sought out was an adult friend. Most parents agreed that they talk openly with their teens about waiting to have sex as well as using condoms and other birth control. Similarly, most parents reported they felt very comfortable talking to teens about sex or birth control with women and African-Americans reporting greater comfort. Teens indicated that they felt very comfortable talking with their parents about sex, with African American females and White males reporting more comfort than White females. These results may indicate that teens are interested in seeking sexual health information from parents, including adult friends. Adults’ willingness to engage in these topics with teens is vitally important. In our study, racial and gender differences were found in comfort level of both parents and teens talking about sex.
{"title":"Let's Talk About Sex: Parents' and Teens' Comfort Levels During These Discussions","authors":"S. Thompson, J. Yannessa, Fredanna M. McGough, Michael S Dunn, J. Duffy","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2015.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2015.164","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to assess parents’ and teens’ views on talking about sex and birth control and their level of comfort in discussing these topics. The methodology consisted of telephone surveys with 988 adults and in person interviews with 797 teens within two counties in South Carolina. This study found that more teen females than males communicated with adults about discussing sex or birth control and mothers were most likely to be sought out. Over half of the teens indicated that they had talked to another adult about sex or birth control and the person most likely sought out was an adult friend. Most parents agreed that they talk openly with their teens about waiting to have sex as well as using condoms and other birth control. Similarly, most parents reported they felt very comfortable talking to teens about sex or birth control with women and African-Americans reporting greater comfort. Teens indicated that they felt very comfortable talking with their parents about sex, with African American females and White males reporting more comfort than White females. These results may indicate that teens are interested in seeking sexual health information from parents, including adult friends. Adults’ willingness to engage in these topics with teens is vitally important. In our study, racial and gender differences were found in comfort level of both parents and teens talking about sex.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46553353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nonmedical anabolic steroid use affects as many as three million Americans. Young adults often perform dangerous behaviors while using nonmedical anabolic steroids. For health promoters to design effective programs combating the use of nonmedical anabolic steroids, a theoretical framework may be necessary. The Theory of Planned Behavior is often applied to predict behavior, and the use of the elements of the Theory of Planned Behavior may help develop a real-world construct to prevent steroid use. The purpose of this article is to explore the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to improve understanding of the influences of nonmedical anabolic steroid use.
{"title":"Using Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Nonmedical Anabolic Steroid Use in Young Adults","authors":"V. Enaker","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2014.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2014.214","url":null,"abstract":"Nonmedical anabolic steroid use affects as many as three million Americans. Young adults often perform dangerous behaviors while using nonmedical anabolic steroids. For health promoters to design effective programs combating the use of nonmedical anabolic steroids, a theoretical framework may be necessary. The Theory of Planned Behavior is often applied to predict behavior, and the use of the elements of the Theory of Planned Behavior may help develop a real-world construct to prevent steroid use. The purpose of this article is to explore the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to improve understanding of the influences of nonmedical anabolic steroid use.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46627221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advances in Personal Genome Sequence (PGS) technologies raise provocative questions about the future of health education and health behavior research. Genetic predisposition plays a key role in the adoption of health behaviors, yet health risk appraisal methodologies often underestimate or ignore the strong influence of genetics. Addressing practice-related challenges related to appropriate access to and use of personal genetic information by clinicians, educators, researchers, policy makers, and the public will be important for advancing health behavior research methodologies. Emerging ethical, legal, and social implications of genomics present both an opportunity for growth and challenges for the health education profession.
{"title":"Will Genomics Alter Risk Assessment Methodology in Health Behavior Research?","authors":"M. Stellefson, R. M. Pigg, Samantha R. Paige","doi":"10.47779/ajhs.2015.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47779/ajhs.2015.181","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in Personal Genome Sequence (PGS) technologies raise provocative questions about the future of health education and health behavior research. Genetic predisposition plays a key role in the adoption of health behaviors, yet health risk appraisal methodologies often underestimate or ignore the strong influence of genetics. Addressing practice-related challenges related to appropriate access to and use of personal genetic information by clinicians, educators, researchers, policy makers, and the public will be important for advancing health behavior research methodologies. Emerging ethical, legal, and social implications of genomics present both an opportunity for growth and challenges for the health education profession.","PeriodicalId":88360,"journal":{"name":"American journal of health studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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