Biological Control最新文献_第10页

Effects of priming by arbuscular mycorrhiza against Tetranychus urticae are maintained from laboratory conditions to real crop production 从实验室条件到实际作物生产，丛枝菌根对荨麻疹叶螨的引发作用一直保持不变

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105917

Beatriz Ramírez-Serrano , Zhivko Minchev , Victoria Pastor, Silvia Andrés-Moreno, Paloma Sánchez-Bel, Víctor Flors

The two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae is a polyphagous pest that can adapt to hundreds of host plant species within few generations, causing important losses on relevant crops worldwide. Mycorrhizal symbiosis can improve plant resistance against diverse pests and pathogens in different plant species. Yet, the wider adoption of Mycorrhiza-Induced Resistance (MIR) in pest management is hindered by its high context-dependency. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of MIR in tomato against T. urticae performing multiple experiments, ranging from laboratory to real production conditions. We hypothesised that MIR would be functional to protect tomato plants against the mite from the lab to the field. MIR was observed under lab and semi-field conditions in artificial infestation bioassays. A targeted search of plant metabolites revealed a conserved MIR metabolic fingerprint to mites shared between citrus and tomato. It comprised two phenylpropanoids, malic acid and a flavonoid, two of them displaying a priming profile. MIR and chemical treatments were scaled up to real tomato production conditions. Plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis showed increased resistance to T. urticae, strongly reducing the natural infestation of the spider mite. Similarly, all the identified compounds caused a marked reduction in the incidence of the pest. Collectively, we show for the first time that MIR against T. urticae provides a consistent and strong protection in tomato in different culture scenarios, highlighting its context-stability in this pathosystem. MIR generates a specific fingerprint of secondary metabolites which enhance protection of tomato plants under real field conditions. We provide solid evidence supporting that MIR and MIR-related priming compounds could be valuable additions into IPM programs to improve tomato pest control.

叶螨是一种多食性害虫，可在几代内适应数百种寄主植物，在世界范围内对相关作物造成重大损失。菌根共生可以提高植物对多种病虫害的抗性。然而，菌根诱导抗性（MIR）在病虫害管理中的广泛采用受到其高度环境依赖性的阻碍。在这里，我们通过多个实验，从实验室到实际生产条件，评估了MIR在番茄中对荨麻疹的功效。我们假设MIR从实验室到田间都能保护番茄植株免受螨虫的侵害。在实验室和半现场条件下进行了人工侵染生物测定。对植物代谢物进行了有针对性的搜索，发现柑橘和番茄对螨虫具有保守的MIR代谢指纹。它由两种苯丙酸、苹果酸和一种类黄酮组成，其中两种具有启动特征。MIR和化学处理在实际番茄生产条件下进行了放大。接种了不规则根噬菌的植物对荨麻疹的抗性增强，大大减少了蜘蛛螨的自然侵袭。同样，所有确定的化合物都能显著降低害虫的发病率。总的来说，我们首次表明MIR在不同的培养环境下对番茄提供了一致和强大的保护，突出了它在这种病理系统中的环境稳定性。MIR能产生特定的次生代谢物指纹图谱，增强了在实际大田条件下对番茄植株的保护作用。我们提供了确凿的证据支持MIR和与MIR相关的引物化合物可能是IPM计划中有价值的补充，以改善番茄害虫的控制。

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引用次数: 0

The life history consequences of admixture between intentionally and unintentionally introduced populations of Trissolcus japonicus in Europe 欧洲有意与无意引进的日本蓟马种群杂交的生活史后果

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105913

Nina Häner , Paul K. Abram , Tim Haye

Introducing classical biological control agents from laboratory-reared populations into regions where adventive populations already exist could alter life history traits of the resulting admixed populations, having positive or negative consequences for pest control. In laboratory studies, we examined the life history consequences of admixture between one intentionally introduced laboratory-reared line (from China) and one pre-existing adventive line (from Switzerland) of Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), an egg parasitoid of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), in Europe. We tested reproductive compatibility and compared life history traits (fecundity, sex ratio, longevity, and development time) in reciprocal crosses between parental and hybrid lines of the two lines over multiple generations. The intentionally introduced and adventive lines were reproductively compatible, with no evidence of outbreeding depression or hybrid breakdown in either the first or third generations after crossing. Hybrid offspring exhibited life history traits that were either intermediate or similar to those of either parental line. Notably, hybrid lines showed higher fecundity and a more female-biased sex ratio than the adventive parental line. These findings suggest that admixture has some potential to introduce trait values thought to be positively associated with fitness and biological control efficacy. However, future studies are still needed to assess whether admixture between released laboratory-reared lines and adventive populations is actually occurring in the field, and whether it is having consequences for the efficacy of biological control by T. japonicus.

将实验室饲养种群的经典生物防治剂引入外来种群已经存在的地区，可能会改变由此产生的混合种群的生活史特征，对害虫防治产生积极或消极的影响。通过对两系亲本和杂交系多代互交的生殖相容性和生活史性状（繁殖力、性别比、寿命和发育时间）进行了比较。有意引进的和外来系在生殖上是相容的，在杂交后的第一代或第三代没有出现远交衰退或杂交破裂的证据。杂交后代表现出与亲本系或亲本系居间或相似的生活史特征。值得注意的是，杂交系比外生亲本表现出更高的繁殖力和更偏向于雌性的性别比例。这些发现表明，这种混合有可能引入与适应度和生物防治效果正相关的性状值。然而，未来的研究仍需要评估释放的实验室饲养的株系与外来种群之间是否真的发生了混合，以及这种混合是否对日本夜蛾的生物防治效果产生影响。

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引用次数: 0

Saline-alkali stress triggers negative bottom-up effects on Binodoxys communis Gahan, a parasitoid of cotton aphid 盐碱胁迫对棉蚜的寄生蜂biodoxys communis Gahan产生自下而上的负面影响

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105912

Yu Gao , Yan-Hui Lu

In agro-ecosystems, parasitoids can be influenced by bottom-up forces, particularly abiotic stresses on their host’s plants, which can modulate parasitoid host preference and performance. Saline-alkali stress has emerged as a significant concern in recent years, yet research examining parasitoid performance under such conditions remains limited. This study investigated the effects of saline stress, alkali stress and mixed stress, simulated using NaCl and Na₂CO₃ on Binodoxys communis Gahan, a primary parasitoid of the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover. Our results revealed significant adverse effects of saline-alkali stresses on B. communis, which manifested as reduced rates of parasitism, longer larval developmental periods, reduced adult lifespans, and reduced adult survival rates. Furthermore, B. communis exhibited significantly reduced cumulative fecundity, a lower female sex ratio (F /F + M), and reduced values for population growth parameters (intrinsic rate r_m, finite rate of increase λ, and net reproductive rate R₀). Regression analysis, based on data from our previous research, found a significant positive relationship between the R₀ values of B. communis and A. gossypii, while weakly positive correlations were observed between these stresses and cotton aphid population growth (r_m) and the population finite rate in increase (λ). These findings suggest that saline-alkali stress reduces B. communis fitness through bottom-up effects, and they provide a theoretical foundation for integrated pest management and biological control strategies for farmers in extreme environments.

在农业生态系统中，拟寄生物可以受到自下而上力量的影响，特别是对寄主植物的非生物胁迫，这可以调节拟寄主的偏好和表现。近年来，盐碱胁迫已成为一个重要的问题，但研究在这种条件下寄生蜂的表现仍然有限。研究了盐胁迫、碱胁迫和混合胁迫对棉蚜（Aphis gossypii Glover）主要寄生蜂biodoxys communis Gahan的影响。结果表明，盐碱胁迫对小蜂的寄生率降低，幼虫发育周期延长，成虫寿命缩短，成虫存活率降低。此外，群落累积繁殖力显著降低，雌性性比（F /F + M）显著降低，种群增长参数（内在增长率rm、有限增长率λ和净繁殖率R0）显著降低。根据前期研究数据进行回归分析，发现棉蚜和棉蚜的R0值呈显著正相关，而这些胁迫与棉蚜种群生长（rm）和种群有限增长率（λ）呈弱正相关。这些结果表明，盐碱胁迫通过自下而上的效应降低了群落白僵菌的适应性，为极端环境下农户的害虫综合治理和生物防治策略提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Presence of native and introduced hyperparasitoids raises concerns for the biocontrol of the planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa in Europe 在欧洲，原生和引进的超寄生物的存在引起了人们对飞虱的生物防治的关注

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105914

L. Mazzon , M. Falasco , E. Guerrieri , I. Martinez-Sañudo , L. Maretto , A. Pozzebon , F. Colombari

Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera, Flatidae) is a Nearctic planthopper that has become an invasive pest in Europe since the late 1970s. It is highly polyphagous, and causes significant damage through sap-sucking, honeydew excretion, and the developmentof sooty mould. To counter its spread, the Nearctic parasitoid Neodryinus typhlocybae (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) was introduced as a biological control agent. In this two-year study, the mortality of N. typhlocybae cocoons, was investigated. Analysis of over 4800 cocoons collected from 14 sites in northeastern Italy (the area of the parasitoid’s first introduction in Europe) revealed a high cumulative mortality (>70 %), primarily due to predation and hyperparasitism. Nine hyperparasitoid species were identified, with the native Pachyneuron muscarum and the Nearctic Cheiloneurus swezeyi emerging as dominant species. C. swezeyi, reported for the first time in Europe, is known as the primary antagonist of N. typhlocybae in its country of origin. Our study demonstrated a close synchronization with the life cycle of the primary parasitoid and molecular analyses revealed five haplotypes. Emergence patterns highlighted different life strategies between C. swezeyi and P. muscarum, suggesting potential ecological niche partitioning. The specificity of C. swezeyi raises concerns about the long-term efficacy of N. typhlocybae as a biological control agent of M. pruinosa. These findings underscore the complexity of multitrophic interactions in biological control systems and the need for a continuous monitoring of hyperparasitoid communities to assess their impact on M. pruinosa control. Further research is necessary to determine the extent of C. swezeyi distribution across Europe.

梅花飞虱（半翅目，飞虱科）是一种新北极飞虱，自20世纪70年代末以来已成为欧洲的入侵害虫。它是高度多食性的，通过吸取汁液，排出蜜露和发展煤烟霉菌造成重大损害。为了防止其蔓延，引进了新翅目干蝇科的拟寄生物——斑新蚜蝇（Nearctic nedrinus typhlocybae）。在为期两年的研究中，对斑孢乳杆菌茧的死亡率进行了调查。对意大利东北部（该寄生蜂首次传入欧洲的地区）14个地点收集的4800多个茧的分析显示，其累积死亡率很高（70%），主要是由于捕食和过度寄生。共鉴定出9种超寄生物，优势种为本地的Pachyneuron muscarum和Nearctic Cheiloneurus swezeyi。C. swezeyi在欧洲首次报道，在其原产国被认为是伤寒奈瑟菌的主要拮抗剂。我们的研究表明，这与初级拟寄生物的生命周期密切同步，分子分析显示了五种单倍型。出现模式突出了甜叶蝉和白腹弓形虫不同的生命策略，提示了潜在的生态位划分。瑞典梭菌的特异性引起了人们对伤寒奈瑟菌作为pruinosa菌的生物防治剂的长期有效性的关注。这些发现强调了生物防治系统中多营养相互作用的复杂性，以及持续监测超寄生虫群落以评估其对pruinosa控制的影响的必要性。需要进一步的研究来确定瑞典弧菌在欧洲的分布范围。

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引用次数: 0

A test of relative effects of chemotype and environment on biocontrol of invasive Melaleuca quinquenervia in Florida 佛州入侵型五叶白千层虫化学型与环境对其生物防治相对效应的研究

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105910

Blake Blaskowski , Melissa Smith , Andrea Carmona-Cortez , Anthony Garcia , Peter Stiling

Invasive Melaleuca quinquenervia consists of two different chemotypes, E-viridiflorol and E-nerolidol that differentiate geographically in Florida: E-nerolidol dominates on the east coast and E-viridiflorol is more common on the west coast. Both chemotypes are susceptible to attack from three introduced herbivorous biological control insects from Australia: the leaf-feeding weevil, Oxyops vitiosa, the sap sucking psyllid, Boreioglycaspis melaleucae, and the stem-galling midge, Lophodiplosis trifida. Boreioglycaspis melaleucae were collected from areas in Queensland, Australia supporting only the E-viridiflorol chemotype whereas O. vitiosa and L. trifida were collected more broadly in Australia, in areas supporting both chemotypes. Here, we use reciprocal transplants of E-nerolidol and E-viridiflorol from Florida’s east and west coasts, and censuses of naturally occurring trees on both coasts, to determine if biological control agents (a) prefer one chemotype over another or (b) prefer one coastal site over another. Results showed that there was no chemotype preference of O. vitiosa or L. trifida, but we observed a significant preference for E-viridiflorol by B. melaleucae. There were also differences in herbivore densities between east and west coasts that were likely caused by different environmental conditions. We suggest both consideration of chemotype preference as well as impact of environment when selecting biological control agents for field releases.

侵袭性千层花由两种不同的化学型组成，E-viridiflorol和E-nerolidol在佛罗里达州的地理上存在差异：E-nerolidol在东海岸占主导地位，而E-viridiflorol在西海岸更常见。这两种化学型都容易受到从澳大利亚引进的三种草食性生物防治昆虫的攻击：食叶象鼻虫，vitiosa，吸液木虱，Boreioglycaspis melaleucae和茎瘿蠓，Lophodiplosis trifida。在澳大利亚昆士兰州地区采集到的千层北风甘油三酯仅支持E-viridiflorol化学型，而O. vitiosa和L. trifida在澳大利亚更广泛地采集到，在支持两种化学型的地区。在这里，我们使用来自佛罗里达州东西海岸的E-nerolidol和E-viridiflorol的相互移植，并对两个海岸的自然生长树木进行普查，以确定生物防治剂是否(a)偏爱一种化学型或(b)偏爱一个沿海地点而不是另一个。结果表明，白僵菌对紫僵菌和三叶草菌没有化学型偏好，但对e -绿双氟醇有明显的偏好。东西海岸的草食动物密度也存在差异，这可能是由不同的环境条件造成的。我们建议在选择田间释放的生物防治剂时，既要考虑化学型偏好，又要考虑环境的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Rhizosphere microorganisms enhance the antiviral activity of the resistance inducer fTDP against tobacco mosaic virus 根际微生物增强了抗性诱导剂fTDP对烟草花叶病毒的抗病毒活性

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105909

Yueqi Peng , Wenyu Zhang , Wei Zhao , Huanran Zhang, Jianfeng Wang, Xu Wen, Yuting Qi, Banwu Tu, Liping Wu

Rhizosphere microorganisms can act synergistically with biocontrol agents to inhibit soil-borne plant diseases, however, their role in controlling leaf diseases remains unclear. They may, nonetheless, be key factors affecting the stability of biocontrol efficacy against leaf diseases. The resistance inducer fusion TEER-decreasing protein (fTDP) can activate salicylic acid-mediated systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to induce tobacco resistance to infection by the leaf pathogen tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Here, using amplicon sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription PCR, we analyzed the effects of the rhizosphere microorganism on the antiviral function of fTDP. Simultaneously, a complex microbial consortium resistant to TMV was isolated and screened from the fTDP-treated group. The results showed that fTDP treatment alters soil physicochemical properties, restores the TMV-disrupted rhizosphere microbial community, and enriches beneficial bacterial genera. Furthermore, rhizosphere microorganisms enhanced the antiviral effect of fTDP. Eight bacterial strains isolated from soils after exogenous fTDP application induced plant resistant on TMV by improving the activity of tobacco defense enzymes and promoting plant growth. Six of these strains were successfully combined to construct a complex consortium, which together with fTDP amplified antiviral performance. In summary, fTDP induces changes in the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community, and these microorganisms participate in its antiviral activity. This study offers new insights into the mechanism by which biopesticides suppress foliar pathogens and also contributes to biosafety assessments.

根际微生物可与生物防治剂协同抑制植物土传病害，但其在防治叶片病害中的作用尚不清楚。然而，它们可能是影响叶片病生物防治效果稳定性的关键因素。抗性诱导剂融合teer降低蛋白（fTDP）可激活水杨酸介导的系统性获得性抗性（SAR），诱导烟草对叶病原菌烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的抗性。本文采用扩增子测序和定量反转录PCR技术，分析了根际微生物对fTDP抗病毒功能的影响。同时，从ftdp处理组中分离和筛选了一个复杂的TMV耐药微生物联合体。结果表明，fTDP处理改变了土壤理化性质，恢复了tmv破坏的根际微生物群落，丰富了有益菌属。此外，根际微生物增强了fTDP的抗病毒作用。从外源施用fTDP的土壤中分离出8株菌株，通过提高烟草防御酶活性和促进植株生长，诱导植株对TMV产生抗性。其中6株与fTDP成功结合构建了一个复杂的联盟，该联盟与fTDP一起增强了抗病毒性能。综上所述，fTDP诱导根际微生物群落结构的变化，这些微生物参与了其抗病毒活性。该研究为研究生物农药抑制叶面病原菌的作用机制提供了新的思路，也为生物安全性评价提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Several flowering plant species enhance parasitoid performance without benefiting host pests: Implications for conservation biological control in maize agroecosystems 几种开花植物可以提高寄主害虫的寄生性，但对寄主害虫没有好处：玉米农业生态系统保护生物防治的意义

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105907

Yuanyuan Miao , Xinyi Zhai , Huihui Chen , Jiayin Xie , Min Jin , Yanhui Lu , Zhongxian Lu , Pingyang Zhu

Suitable nectary plants could supply natural enemies for essential nutrients that improve survival, reproduction, and pest-control efficiency. This study evaluated six candidate nectary plants (Brassica napus, Cosmos sulphureus, Cnidium monnieri, Gypsophila paniculata, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, and Ocimum basilicum) for their potential biological control of six key parasitic natural enemies (Trichogramma chilonis, Trichogramma dendrolimi, Trichogramma japonicum, Trichogramma ostriniae, Microplitis mediator, and Macrocentrus cingulum) and their impacts on four lepidopteran pest species (Ostrinia furnacalis, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera frugiperda, and Helicoverpa armigera) in maize. Results showed that B. napus flowers significantly extended the longevity of T. chilonis, M. cingulum females, and both male and female of T. japonicum, while also enhancing the fecundity of T. dendrolimi and T. japonicum. Cosmos sulphureus prolonged the longevity of T. ostriniae males and both sexes of T. japonicum. Cnidium monnieri significantly increased the longevity of all tested parasitoids, including female T. ostriniae, and boosted the fecundity of T. chilonis, T. dendrolimi, and T. japonicum. Ocimum basilicum enhanced the longevity of all tested parasitoids, regardless of sex, and promoted fecundity in T. chilonis, T. dendrolimi, and T. japonicum. Importantly, C. monnieri had no impact on pest longevity. Ocimum basilicum only increased longevity in male S. exigua, with no other significant effects on pest reproduction or survival. These findings indicate that C. monnieri and O. basilicum are promising nectary plants for integration into maize cropping systems to enhance biological control of insect pest.

适宜的蜜糖植物可以为天敌提供必需的营养物质，提高其生存、繁殖和防治害虫的效率。摘要本研究评价了6种候选蜜源植物（甘蓝型油菜、硫芥、蛇耳草、吉菲兰、褐花楸和罗勒木）对6种主要寄生性天敌（赤眼蜂、树突赤眼蜂、日本赤眼蜂、玉米螟赤眼蜂、中介性小黑眼蜂和环心大赤眼蜂）的生物防治潜力，以及对4种鳞翅目害虫（玉米螟、黑眼蜂、黑眼蜂、黑眼蜂、黑眼蜂、黑眼蜂）的生物防治效果。玉米穗夜蛾和棉铃虫。结果表明，甘蓝花能显著延长黄颡鱼、带带绦虫雌虫和日本绦虫雌雄体的寿命，同时也能提高树突绦虫和日本绦虫的繁殖力。硫硫宇宙素延长了雄性玉米螟和雌雄日本螟的寿命。蛇床子显著提高了所有被试拟寄生虫的寿命，包括雌性ostriniae，并提高了chilonis， stendrolimi和japonicum的繁殖力。basilicum提高了所有被试寄生蜂（不分性别）的寿命，并促进了chilonis、stendrolimi和japonicum的繁殖力。重要的是，白僵菌对害虫寿命没有影响。basilicum只是增加了雄鼠的寿命，对害虫的繁殖和存活没有显著影响。这些结果表明，monnieri和O. basilicum是一种很有前途的蜜源植物，可以整合到玉米种植系统中，以加强害虫的生物防治。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization and genome analysis of marine Streptomyces albidoflavus S20 for the biological control of tobacco black shank 海洋褐黄链霉菌S20生物防治烟草黑胫病的鉴定与基因组分析

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105908

Yayue Wang , Fangfang Jia , Ruifang Song , Chong Chen , Tuanwei Pu , Yueqi Xu , Dong Chang , Xuguang Wang , Jianhua Li , Yikuan Fan

Tobacco black shank, a destructive soil-borne disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, poses serious threats to global tobacco production. To address this threat, a marine sponge-derived actinomycete, designated strain S20, was isolated and demonstrated potent antagonistic activity against this pathogen. In plate confrontation assays, strain S20 exhibited 90.3 % inhibition of P. nicotianae, and achieved disease control efficiency of 92.1 % and 90.4 % in pot and field trials, respectively. Morphological and molecular characterization identified the strain as Streptomyces albidoflavus. Whole-genome analysis revealed a circular chromosome of 6.73 Mb with 73.12 % GC content, harboring 5,761 protein-coding genes, along with a 218.7 kb plasmid containing 70.47 % GC and 170 open reading frames. AntiSMASH identified numerous BGCs putatively encoding compounds with antifungal, plant growth-promoting, and stress resilience activities. Functional assays showed that strain S20 produced extracellular chitinase, cellulase, β-1,3-glucanase, and protease, in addition to displaying plant-beneficial traits such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis. Furthermore, treatment with S20 significantly enhanced tobacco seed germination and root elongation, while also increasing the soluble protein content and α-amylase activity. Collectively, our results establish S. albidoflavus S20 as a promising multifunctional biocontrol agent that controls tobacco black shank via direct antagonism and growth promotion, representing a sustainable and effective biocontrol agent.

烟草黑胫病是由烟草疫霉（Phytophthora nicotianae）引起的一种破坏性土传病害，对全球烟草生产构成严重威胁。为了解决这一威胁，分离出一种海洋海绵来源的放线菌，命名为菌株S20，并显示出对该病原体的有效拮抗活性。在平板对抗试验中，菌株S20对烟草疫病菌的抑制率为90.3%，在盆栽和田间试验中分别达到92.1%和90.4%。形态和分子特征鉴定该菌株为白黄链霉菌。全基因组分析显示，该环状染色体全长6.73 Mb， GC含量为73.12%，包含5761个蛋白质编码基因，质粒全长218.7 kb， GC含量为70.47%，开放阅读框为170个。AntiSMASH鉴定出许多BGCs，推测其编码的化合物具有抗真菌、促进植物生长和抗逆性活性。功能分析表明，菌株S20具有胞外几丁质酶、纤维素酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和蛋白酶的活性，并表现出固氮、增磷、产铁和吲哚-3-乙酸等对植物有益的性状。此外，S20处理显著提高了烟草种子发芽率和根伸长，提高了可溶性蛋白含量和α-淀粉酶活性。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，S. albidoflavus S20是一种很有前途的多功能生物防治剂，通过直接拮抗和促进生长来防治烟草黑胫病，是一种可持续有效的生物防治剂。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus (Morganellaceae) on volatile composition of “Tempranillo” must and on Saccharomyces cerevisiae during alcoholic fermentation Morganellaceae病原菌Xenorhabdus和光habdus对“Tempranillo”must挥发性成分及酒精发酵过程中酿酒酵母的影响

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105906

Ignacio Vicente-Díez, Mar Vilanova, Pilar Morales, Ramón González, Raquel Campos-Herrera

Viticulture is a global activity producing over eighty million tonnes of grapes annually, 50 % used in winemaking. Traditional viticultural practices still rely on hazardous pesticides, posing environmental and health risks. Recently, Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus, symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes, have arisen as eco-friendly solutions for pest and disease management in vineyards. However, whether their application can impact the quality of grapes and their microbiota remains unexplored. To unravel the possible impact, we investigated the effect of (i) their direct application on grapes’ volatile composition and (ii) their combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in must fermentation. First, we applied unfiltered ferments (UFs) of Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus laumondii subsp. laumondii to grapes of Vitis vinifera var. “Tempranillo”. The volatile composition of the grapes was evaluated using solid-phase and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/MS). Second, microfermentations using two S. cerevisiae in reconstituted must media were supplemented (1:10) with the treatments (i) cell-free supernatants (CFS), (ii) UFs, and (iii) free-bacterial from X. nematophila and P. laumondii. No significant alterations in the total free volatile fraction were observed, although specific free volatiles (phenyl ethyl alcohol, hexanal, and (E)-2-hexenal) exhibited significant variation under specific treatments. In the glycosidically bound fraction, phenylacetic acid concentrations increased markedly with X. nematophila UFs. In the fermentations, the treatments had no significant impact on CO₂ production kinetics and only slightly affected some fermentation parameters, underscoring their compatibility with yeast-driven fermentation processes. These findings suggest that Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus can be integrated into vineyard pest management strategies without adversely affecting winemaking parameters or grape aroma quality.

葡萄种植是一项全球性的活动，每年生产8000多万吨葡萄，其中50%用于酿酒。传统的葡萄栽培方法仍然依赖有害的农药，造成环境和健康风险。最近，昆虫病原线虫的共生细菌Xenorhabdus和光habdus已经成为葡萄园病虫害管理的环保解决方案。然而，它们的应用是否会影响葡萄的质量和它们的微生物群仍未研究。为了揭示可能的影响，我们研究了(i)它们直接施用对葡萄挥发性成分的影响以及（ii）它们与酿酒酵母在must发酵中的结合。首先，我们使用了嗜线虫Xenorhabdus nematophilus和laumondii Photorhabdus subsp未经过滤的发酵（UFs）。葡萄品种“丹魄”的葡萄。采用固相和气相色谱-质谱（SPE-GC/MS）对葡萄的挥发性成分进行分析。其次，在重组菌培养基中使用两种酿酒酵母进行微发酵，以1:10的比例补充(i)无细胞上清（CFS），（ii） UFs，和（iii）嗜线虫X.和劳蒙地P.的无细菌。虽然特定的游离挥发物（苯基乙醇、己醛和(E)-2-己烯醛）在特定处理下表现出显著的变化，但总的游离挥发物部分没有观察到显著的变化。在糖苷结合部分中，苯乙酸浓度随着嗜线虫线虫UFs的增加而显著增加。在发酵过程中，这些处理对CO2生产动力学没有显著影响，仅对一些发酵参数有轻微影响，强调了它们与酵母驱动的发酵过程的兼容性。这些研究结果表明，在不影响酿酒参数或葡萄香气品质的情况下，可以将Xenorhabdus和Photorhabdus整合到葡萄园害虫管理策略中。

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引用次数: 0

Aphid control using natural enemies: Lessons for fine-tuning banana-aphid management 利用天敌控制蚜虫：香蕉蚜虫管理微调的经验教训

IF 3.4 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biological Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105905

Christian Adjalla , Bonaventure A. Omondi , Geofrey Ogwal , Walter Ocimati , Peter Wasswa , Guy Blomme

Aphids are serious crop pests and vectors of plant-pathogenic viruses. Natural enemies (parasitoids, pathogens, and predators) can be effective aphid control agents. Vector control can achieve the sustainable management of vector-borne diseases. However, this strategy is under-explored for Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD). This study conducted a systematic review of available literature on aphid control using natural enemies. It has highlighted key opportunities for exploiting and fine-tuning banana-aphid and BBTD control using natural enemies. Relevant literature was identified using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. The search used Scopus and Web of Science databases, employing specific search terms related to aphids and their natural enemies. Data was extracted from 276 publications. A keyword network analysis highlights aphid-parasitoid interactions, aphid-predator interactions, and agroecological aspects of aphid management using natural enemies as key research themes. The analysis also shows natural enemies to have been successfully deployed using classical, augmentative, and conservation strategies. The paper describes their effects on aphids, and the influence of management practices, plant traits, and plant diversity. It also presents examples of agroecological manipulations, within and around fields, and within the broader landscape affecting natural enemies., The mediating effects of crops and agroecological conditions could be explored for controlling banana aphids.

蚜虫是严重的农作物害虫和植物病原病毒的传播媒介。天敌（拟寄生虫、病原菌和捕食者）是防治蚜虫的有效药剂。病媒控制可以实现对病媒传播疾病的可持续管理。然而，这种策略对香蕉束顶病（BBTD）的研究还不够充分。本研究对利用天敌防治蚜虫的文献进行了系统的综述。它强调了利用天敌开发和微调香蕉蚜虫和BBTD控制的关键机会。使用PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目）指南确定相关文献。搜索使用了Scopus和Web of Science数据库，使用了与蚜虫及其天敌相关的特定搜索词。数据摘自276份出版物。关键词网络分析强调了蚜虫与拟寄生虫的相互作用，蚜虫与捕食者的相互作用，以及以天敌为主要研究主题的蚜虫管理的农业生态方面。分析还显示，利用经典策略、增强策略和保护策略成功地部署了天敌。本文描述了它们对蚜虫的影响，以及管理措施、植物性状和植物多样性的影响。它还介绍了在农田内部和周围以及在影响天敌的更广泛的景观范围内进行农业生态操纵的例子。探讨作物和农业生态条件对香蕉蚜虫防治的调节作用。

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引用次数: 0