Background: The significance of quality in laboratories necessitates the implementation of comprehensive quality management throughout the entire laboratory process, encompassing the pre-analytical to post-analytical phases. The pre-analytical phase, which plays a crucial role in laboratory services, is particularly significant, as it is responsible for approximately 70% of errors. Enhancing the quality of the pre-analytical phase is essential to ensure the effectiveness of laboratory services and safeguard patient safety. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess errors made in the request format and phlebotomy procedures during the collection of blood samples for hematology laboratory tests between April and June 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences on 393 samples with their respective request forms. The study employed a systematic sampling technique and utilized well-structured checklists to gather all the necessary data for hematology laboratory tests, including a thorough evaluation of the requested form. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21. Results: A total of 393 hematological samples from their respective request forms were analyzed in this study. Generally, the request forms did not contain all the necessary information, and each form had at least one error. The study also revealed the occurrence of pre-analytical errors in phlebotomy practice. These errors included prolonged tourniquet application (26.2%), improper identification (22.9%), inadequate cleaning of the vein puncture site (62.8%), unsafe needle removal and blood transfer to test tubes (6.6%), and improper mixing of collected blood samples (41.5%). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed a substantial occurrence of pre-analytical errors in the hematology laboratory department. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the correct execution and utilization of phlebotomy procedures as well as request format to enhance quality assurance in hematology laboratory units.
{"title":"Observational Assessment of Pre-Analytical Errors in Request Format and Phlebotomy Practice in Hematology Tests at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Bedasa Addisu, Amanuel Kelem, A. Hirigo","doi":"10.2147/plmi.s439227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/plmi.s439227","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The significance of quality in laboratories necessitates the implementation of comprehensive quality management throughout the entire laboratory process, encompassing the pre-analytical to post-analytical phases. The pre-analytical phase, which plays a crucial role in laboratory services, is particularly significant, as it is responsible for approximately 70% of errors. Enhancing the quality of the pre-analytical phase is essential to ensure the effectiveness of laboratory services and safeguard patient safety. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess errors made in the request format and phlebotomy procedures during the collection of blood samples for hematology laboratory tests between April and June 2019. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences on 393 samples with their respective request forms. The study employed a systematic sampling technique and utilized well-structured checklists to gather all the necessary data for hematology laboratory tests, including a thorough evaluation of the requested form. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21. Results: A total of 393 hematological samples from their respective request forms were analyzed in this study. Generally, the request forms did not contain all the necessary information, and each form had at least one error. The study also revealed the occurrence of pre-analytical errors in phlebotomy practice. These errors included prolonged tourniquet application (26.2%), improper identification (22.9%), inadequate cleaning of the vein puncture site (62.8%), unsafe needle removal and blood transfer to test tubes (6.6%), and improper mixing of collected blood samples (41.5%). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed a substantial occurrence of pre-analytical errors in the hematology laboratory department. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the correct execution and utilization of phlebotomy procedures as well as request format to enhance quality assurance in hematology laboratory units.","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139016949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Infectious diseases are considered a major cause of death globally, accounting for one-third of all deaths. Traditionally, microbiological approaches to diagnose infectious diseases have been labor-intensive and time-consuming; molecular methods significantly improve on these constraints. DNA microarray is a novel and advanced diagnostic test for infectious disease that is designed for specific identification of a wide variety of organisms simultaneously. Microarray has various advanced applications in infectious disease diagnostics, including the 2019 pandemic COVID 19, detection of food-borne infectious agents, and detection of Neisseria meningitidis . The aim of this review is to provide updated application of DNA microarray techniques for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and to explore the development of new DNA microarray methods. In conclusion, DNA microarray techniques are the future rapid and accurate diagnostic tool for infectious disease diagnosis and detection of antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: DNA microarray, infectious disease diagnostics, molecular techniques
{"title":"Recent Application of DNA Microarray Techniques to Diagnose Infectious Disease","authors":"Zelalem Asmare, Mulat Erkihun","doi":"10.2147/plmi.s424275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/plmi.s424275","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Infectious diseases are considered a major cause of death globally, accounting for one-third of all deaths. Traditionally, microbiological approaches to diagnose infectious diseases have been labor-intensive and time-consuming; molecular methods significantly improve on these constraints. DNA microarray is a novel and advanced diagnostic test for infectious disease that is designed for specific identification of a wide variety of organisms simultaneously. Microarray has various advanced applications in infectious disease diagnostics, including the 2019 pandemic COVID 19, detection of food-borne infectious agents, and detection of Neisseria meningitidis . The aim of this review is to provide updated application of DNA microarray techniques for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and to explore the development of new DNA microarray methods. In conclusion, DNA microarray techniques are the future rapid and accurate diagnostic tool for infectious disease diagnosis and detection of antimicrobial resistance. Keywords: DNA microarray, infectious disease diagnostics, molecular techniques","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135614490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In clinical laboratory, the performance of the hematology analyzer should be checked routinely to ensure the desired quality. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the analytical performance of hematology analyzer using sigma metrics. Methods: The study included all daily internal quality control (IQC) data of hematology analyzer prospectively from August to October 2022. Data was collected using record formats by trained laboratory professionals. The sigma values of each CBC parameter were calculated using the formula: Sigma = (TEa – Bias) / CV. The TEa data were adopted from five different guidelines to calculate sigma value of the laboratory based on different specification. The bias of all complete blood count (CBC) parameters was calculated from the laboratory mean of the daily IQC data and the target value of the manufacturer in the insert kit. A coefficient of variations was also calculated using IQC data. Results: The current study found that sigma value of the analyzer varied based on source of TEa. Except HCT out 5 parameters included based on CLIA guideline, except MCV, MCHC, RDW, MPV and Basophil out of 15 parameters included based on EFLM 2022 minimum guideline, except Hb and PLT out of 9 parameters included based on SOTA guideline other parameters meets minimum specification (<3 sigma value). On the other hand, all parameters included in Rilibak and Standards of Spanish guideline achieved minimum specification (>3 sigma value). Conclusion: Sigma values of the CBC parameters have significantly varied depends on the TEa sources. So, it is recommended laboratory to use alternative sigma value based on its preference. Additionally, it is suggested that the laboratory to design local Westgard rules for each parameter based on sigma value.
{"title":"Analytical Performance Evaluation of Hematology Analyzer Using Various TEa Sources and Sigma Metrics","authors":"Dereje Mengesha Berta, Mulugeta Melku, Tiruneh Adane, Mekonnen Girma, Zewudu Mulatie, Elias Chane, Bisrat Birke Teketelew","doi":"10.2147/plmi.s414693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/plmi.s414693","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In clinical laboratory, the performance of the hematology analyzer should be checked routinely to ensure the desired quality. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the analytical performance of hematology analyzer using sigma metrics. Methods: The study included all daily internal quality control (IQC) data of hematology analyzer prospectively from August to October 2022. Data was collected using record formats by trained laboratory professionals. The sigma values of each CBC parameter were calculated using the formula: Sigma = (TEa – Bias) / CV. The TEa data were adopted from five different guidelines to calculate sigma value of the laboratory based on different specification. The bias of all complete blood count (CBC) parameters was calculated from the laboratory mean of the daily IQC data and the target value of the manufacturer in the insert kit. A coefficient of variations was also calculated using IQC data. Results: The current study found that sigma value of the analyzer varied based on source of TEa. Except HCT out 5 parameters included based on CLIA guideline, except MCV, MCHC, RDW, MPV and Basophil out of 15 parameters included based on EFLM 2022 minimum guideline, except Hb and PLT out of 9 parameters included based on SOTA guideline other parameters meets minimum specification (<3 sigma value). On the other hand, all parameters included in Rilibak and Standards of Spanish guideline achieved minimum specification (>3 sigma value). Conclusion: Sigma values of the CBC parameters have significantly varied depends on the TEa sources. So, it is recommended laboratory to use alternative sigma value based on its preference. Additionally, it is suggested that the laboratory to design local Westgard rules for each parameter based on sigma value.","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135348922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Hilt, Laura KS Parnell, Dakun Wang, A. Stapleton, E. Lukacz
{"title":"Microbial Threshold Guidelines for UTI Diagnosis: A Scoping Systematic Review","authors":"E. Hilt, Laura KS Parnell, Dakun Wang, A. Stapleton, E. Lukacz","doi":"10.2147/plmi.s409488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/plmi.s409488","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47921162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.11648/j.plm.20230701.14
Mara Veronica Alvarez Valdes, Yali Libertad Bordies Lavin, Alberto Denis Perez
{"title":"Qualification: Lactic Acid as a Prognostic Tool in the Patient with Severe Trauma","authors":"Mara Veronica Alvarez Valdes, Yali Libertad Bordies Lavin, Alberto Denis Perez","doi":"10.11648/j.plm.20230701.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20230701.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74651091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Breast Masses, and Morphologic Patterns of Breast Lesions, Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia: A Five-Year Review","authors":"Kinde Bussa Senbeto, Alemwossen Teklehaymanot Alem, Bizunesh Dires Fenta, Selamawit Abebe Ayele, Abraham Kassahun Tadele, Tesfalem Israel Korga, Abebaw Amare Wodajo","doi":"10.11648/j.plm.20230701.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20230701.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84360575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a common benign tumor of the salivary glands, but its occurrence in the minor salivary glands of the upper lip is rare. In the a case report of a 24-year-old female with PA of the minor salivary glands in the upper lip, exhibiting unique histological characteristics such as features resembling schwannoma, keratinization, myxolipomatous, oncocytic, and mucinous traits resembling mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The main symptom of this condition is a gradual painless enlargement of the affected area. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of PA. This case highlights the importance of public education in recognizing and treating painless masses. Further research is needed to explore PA’s histological and molecular characteristics to establish prognostic factors such as the risk of recurrence.
{"title":"A Unique Pleomorphic Adenoma in the Minor Salivary Glands of the Upper Lip: A Case Report","authors":"Jihad Alrehaili","doi":"10.2147/plmi.s415283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/plmi.s415283","url":null,"abstract":": Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a common benign tumor of the salivary glands, but its occurrence in the minor salivary glands of the upper lip is rare. In the a case report of a 24-year-old female with PA of the minor salivary glands in the upper lip, exhibiting unique histological characteristics such as features resembling schwannoma, keratinization, myxolipomatous, oncocytic, and mucinous traits resembling mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The main symptom of this condition is a gradual painless enlargement of the affected area. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of PA. This case highlights the importance of public education in recognizing and treating painless masses. Further research is needed to explore PA’s histological and molecular characteristics to establish prognostic factors such as the risk of recurrence.","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43165038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-25DOI: 10.11648/j.plm.20230701.12
Gutu Belay
: Introduction: The placenta is the highly specialized organ of pregnancy that supports the normal growth and development of the fetus. During intrauterine fetal life placenta is the main metabolic, respiratory, excretory, and endocrine organ. Histologic features of normal placenta are differing according to the trimester of pregnancy. COVID-19 infection affects placenta and fetal membrane. Pregnant women with COVID-19 positive result in placental hyperfusion defects in maternal vessels and oxygenation in the intervillous space affecting perinatal outcome. Methods: Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, cross sectional and cohort studies were obtained through searches on PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar, library genesis, Scopus and Web of Science. Key words used for searching are “placenta”,”COVID-19”,”placenta development”, and “placenta histopathology”. Result: Total of 16 articles were included in this review. Many articles are reviewed whether the COVID-19 affects placenta histology and pregnancy adverse outcome in intrauterine life. Finally article which fulfills inclusion criteria are identified and reviewed. Review indicated that histopathologic features of placenta and adverse pregnancy outcome in COVID-19 confirmed pregnant women briefly. Conclusion: COVID-19 affects the placenta during pregnancy. Histopathologic findings of placenta in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 positive are fibrin deposition, micro classification, thrombus, avascular villi, infraction, and villous edema. Most common pregnancy adverse outcome are preterm birth, miscarriage and still birth.
当前位置引言胎盘是孕期高度特化的器官，支持胎儿的正常生长发育。在宫内胎儿生命中，胎盘是主要的代谢、呼吸、排泄和内分泌器官。正常胎盘的组织学特征根据妊娠的不同而不同。COVID-19感染影响胎盘和胎膜。COVID-19阳性孕妇导致胎盘血管灌注不足和绒毛间隙氧合影响围产期结局。方法:通过PubMed、Medline、Science Direct、Google Scholar、library genesis、Scopus和Web of Science等网站进行系统综述、meta分析、横断面和队列研究。搜索关键词为“胎盘”、“COVID-19”、“胎盘发育”、“胎盘组织病理学”。结果:本综述共纳入16篇文献。许多文章对COVID-19是否影响胎盘组织学和宫内生活中的妊娠不良结局进行了综述。最后对符合纳入标准的文章进行了识别和评审。回顾COVID-19确诊孕妇胎盘的组织病理学特征和不良妊娠结局。结论:COVID-19对妊娠期胎盘有影响。确诊COVID-19阳性孕妇胎盘的组织病理学表现为纤维蛋白沉积、微分型、血栓、无血管绒毛、梗死、绒毛水肿。最常见的妊娠不良后果是早产、流产和死产。
{"title":"Article Review on Histopathologic Features of Placenta and Adverse Outcome in Pregnant Women with COVID-19 Positive","authors":"Gutu Belay","doi":"10.11648/j.plm.20230701.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plm.20230701.12","url":null,"abstract":": Introduction: The placenta is the highly specialized organ of pregnancy that supports the normal growth and development of the fetus. During intrauterine fetal life placenta is the main metabolic, respiratory, excretory, and endocrine organ. Histologic features of normal placenta are differing according to the trimester of pregnancy. COVID-19 infection affects placenta and fetal membrane. Pregnant women with COVID-19 positive result in placental hyperfusion defects in maternal vessels and oxygenation in the intervillous space affecting perinatal outcome. Methods: Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, cross sectional and cohort studies were obtained through searches on PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar, library genesis, Scopus and Web of Science. Key words used for searching are “placenta”,”COVID-19”,”placenta development”, and “placenta histopathology”. Result: Total of 16 articles were included in this review. Many articles are reviewed whether the COVID-19 affects placenta histology and pregnancy adverse outcome in intrauterine life. Finally article which fulfills inclusion criteria are identified and reviewed. Review indicated that histopathologic features of placenta and adverse pregnancy outcome in COVID-19 confirmed pregnant women briefly. Conclusion: COVID-19 affects the placenta during pregnancy. Histopathologic findings of placenta in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 positive are fibrin deposition, micro classification, thrombus, avascular villi, infraction, and villous edema. Most common pregnancy adverse outcome are preterm birth, miscarriage and still birth.","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76175797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hussen Ebrahim, M. Tilahun, Temesgen Fiseha, Habtu Debash, Habtye Bisetegn, Ermiyas Alemayehu, Mesfin Fiseha, Endris Ebrahim, A. Shibabaw, Abdurahaman Seid, Daniel Getacher Feleke, O. Mohammed
{"title":"Patterns of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Diagnosed Thyroid Nodules Among Clinically Suspected Patients in Northeast Ethiopia","authors":"Hussen Ebrahim, M. Tilahun, Temesgen Fiseha, Habtu Debash, Habtye Bisetegn, Ermiyas Alemayehu, Mesfin Fiseha, Endris Ebrahim, A. Shibabaw, Abdurahaman Seid, Daniel Getacher Feleke, O. Mohammed","doi":"10.2147/plmi.s399682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/plmi.s399682","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88950,"journal":{"name":"Pathology and laboratory medicine international","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42535252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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