M. Bhattacharjee, S. Mehta, Pragya Singh, Mahak Singh, N. Pongener
Background: Utilization of livestock waste and by products are always considered to be an important source of livelihood for environment protection and agricultural development. The study explores the prospective scope of livestock waste utilization by dwelling into the livestock holdings and their health profile, waste management and bio-security practices for sustainable livelihoods of small and marginal livestock farmers of tribal belts. Methods: With an empirical survey, an analysis is made on the waste management practices in selective states of North East India (Assam, Meghalaya and Nagaland). The percentage and average method were applied to understand the management practices of pig production system. In the qualitative tools mainly Focused Group Discussion (FGD) and Interview methods were used to understand the perception of people on waste management. Result: It is found that the untreated waste is utilized in field and only 2% of farmers use the manure in pisciculture where waste is used in its integrated form. A comprehensive model of treating and marketing the livestock waste and by products with the application of modern technology can not only contribute in augmenting the income but will also help in quality restoration of natural resources in rural areas.
{"title":"Diversification of Livelihood from Animal Waste and by-Product for Small and Marginal Farmers in India","authors":"M. Bhattacharjee, S. Mehta, Pragya Singh, Mahak Singh, N. Pongener","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.b-5042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.b-5042","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Utilization of livestock waste and by products are always considered to be an important source of livelihood for environment protection and agricultural development. The study explores the prospective scope of livestock waste utilization by dwelling into the livestock holdings and their health profile, waste management and bio-security practices for sustainable livelihoods of small and marginal livestock farmers of tribal belts. Methods: With an empirical survey, an analysis is made on the waste management practices in selective states of North East India (Assam, Meghalaya and Nagaland). The percentage and average method were applied to understand the management practices of pig production system. In the qualitative tools mainly Focused Group Discussion (FGD) and Interview methods were used to understand the perception of people on waste management. Result: It is found that the untreated waste is utilized in field and only 2% of farmers use the manure in pisciculture where waste is used in its integrated form. A comprehensive model of treating and marketing the livestock waste and by products with the application of modern technology can not only contribute in augmenting the income but will also help in quality restoration of natural resources in rural areas.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43538220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. K. Vidyarthi, S. Biswas, R. Banerjee, G. Patra, D. Bhattacharyya, G. Mahapatra, Alona Sangam
Background: The study was aimed to explore the antioxidant potential and functional value of guava (Psidium guajava L.) powder, bael (Aegle marmelos L.) pulp powder and dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus L.) peel powder in muscle foods. Methods: The fruit powders were incorporated at 1.5% level in Chevon nuggets and its effects on various physico-chemical, textural, sensory attributes and microbiological parameters of products were evaluated against control. Result: Significantly (P less than 0.05) higher phenolics was found in bael pulp powder (82.32 mg GAE/g) and carotenoids (3.91 mg/kg) and Vitamin C (162 mg/kg) in guava powder. Incorporation of fruit powder significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the emulsion stability, cooking yield, moisture percentage and fat percentage of nuggets, whereas no significant effect was observed for protein percentage. Even sensory attributes were improved in treated nuggets, but the overall acceptability scores were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher for the control batch as adjudged by the panelists. The fruit powders were found to retard lipid peroxidation rate as well as microbial proliferation rate of the Chevon nuggets during refrigerated storage (4±1°C). When compared to the control batch addition of fruit powders had a significant (P less than 0.05) reduction on both the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value and TPC, TCC, TPSC and YMC. Hence fruit powders can be potentially used as natural preservatives and their functionality can be explored in ready to eat meat foods without affecting their acceptability.
{"title":"Antioxidant Potential of Fruit-based Phytochemical on the Quality Attributes and the Shelf-life of Chevon Nuggets","authors":"A. K. Vidyarthi, S. Biswas, R. Banerjee, G. Patra, D. Bhattacharyya, G. Mahapatra, Alona Sangam","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2061","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study was aimed to explore the antioxidant potential and functional value of guava (Psidium guajava L.) powder, bael (Aegle marmelos L.) pulp powder and dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus L.) peel powder in muscle foods. Methods: The fruit powders were incorporated at 1.5% level in Chevon nuggets and its effects on various physico-chemical, textural, sensory attributes and microbiological parameters of products were evaluated against control. Result: Significantly (P less than 0.05) higher phenolics was found in bael pulp powder (82.32 mg GAE/g) and carotenoids (3.91 mg/kg) and Vitamin C (162 mg/kg) in guava powder. Incorporation of fruit powder significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the emulsion stability, cooking yield, moisture percentage and fat percentage of nuggets, whereas no significant effect was observed for protein percentage. Even sensory attributes were improved in treated nuggets, but the overall acceptability scores were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher for the control batch as adjudged by the panelists. The fruit powders were found to retard lipid peroxidation rate as well as microbial proliferation rate of the Chevon nuggets during refrigerated storage (4±1°C). When compared to the control batch addition of fruit powders had a significant (P less than 0.05) reduction on both the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value and TPC, TCC, TPSC and YMC. Hence fruit powders can be potentially used as natural preservatives and their functionality can be explored in ready to eat meat foods without affecting their acceptability.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48335610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lysine intake in India is low mainly due to consumption of cereals as staple diet and processing loss of lysine. The present study was aimed to assess the impact of supplementation either in the form of dietary supplements of lysine, calcium and vitamin D in order to identify an appropriate approach for the improvement of body composition. Methods: One hundred and twenty volunteer subjects in the age group of 20-30 years residing in Punjab Agricultural University hostels were selected for supplementary trial. Supplementation of milk and its products in amounts to fill the gap of dietary intake and adequacy of protein as well as limiting amino acid lysine in their diets for a period of 12 weeks was done to determine its effect on body composition. Result: The diets were also poor in protein quality as the limiting amino acid lysine was only 55% of the recommended level. Supplementation of milk and its products resulted in a significant reduction in body fat (6.62%) and visceral fat rating (9.47%) and a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass (3.98%) and bone mass (2.72%). The study recommends that improving the quality of diets through dietary supplementation of lysine, calcium and vitamin D is an effective approach to achieve optimum body composition.
{"title":"Effect of Milk or Milk Derived Food Supplementation on Body Composition of Young Indian Women","authors":"R. Aggarwal, K. Bains, Rohini Jain","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2066","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lysine intake in India is low mainly due to consumption of cereals as staple diet and processing loss of lysine. The present study was aimed to assess the impact of supplementation either in the form of dietary supplements of lysine, calcium and vitamin D in order to identify an appropriate approach for the improvement of body composition. Methods: One hundred and twenty volunteer subjects in the age group of 20-30 years residing in Punjab Agricultural University hostels were selected for supplementary trial. Supplementation of milk and its products in amounts to fill the gap of dietary intake and adequacy of protein as well as limiting amino acid lysine in their diets for a period of 12 weeks was done to determine its effect on body composition. Result: The diets were also poor in protein quality as the limiting amino acid lysine was only 55% of the recommended level. Supplementation of milk and its products resulted in a significant reduction in body fat (6.62%) and visceral fat rating (9.47%) and a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass (3.98%) and bone mass (2.72%). The study recommends that improving the quality of diets through dietary supplementation of lysine, calcium and vitamin D is an effective approach to achieve optimum body composition.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48057963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Fodder cultivation has direct bearings on the production of milk by the dairy animals as it forms a major part of rearing cost incurred for milch animals. Several studies have pointed out the benefits of fodder cultivation, but the area under fodder cultivation is quite low; and its limited supply is hindering the milk productivity. Hence, the present study was undertaken to estimate the economics of fodder cultivation of kharif and rabi season in Punjab and Haryana as these two states have highest per capita milk availability in India. Methods: Primary data on fodder cultivation was recorded for the year 2019-20. A sample of 100 respondents were interviewed from Punjab (Patiala, Bhatinda, Amritsar and Ludhiana districts) and 100 were selected from Haryana (Hisar, Karnal, Kaithal and Panipat districts). Simple arithmetic mean and percentages were used in the study. Result: The output-input ratio for kharif and rabi fodder in Punjab and Haryana were found to be of 1.52 to 1.64 and 3.61 to 4.12. Since, majority of the farmers in these states follow crop and dairy farming system, due consideration should be provided to fodder cultivation as well.
{"title":"Economics of Fodder Cultivation in Punjab and Haryana","authors":"Aniketa Horo, J. Singh","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fodder cultivation has direct bearings on the production of milk by the dairy animals as it forms a major part of rearing cost incurred for milch animals. Several studies have pointed out the benefits of fodder cultivation, but the area under fodder cultivation is quite low; and its limited supply is hindering the milk productivity. Hence, the present study was undertaken to estimate the economics of fodder cultivation of kharif and rabi season in Punjab and Haryana as these two states have highest per capita milk availability in India. Methods: Primary data on fodder cultivation was recorded for the year 2019-20. A sample of 100 respondents were interviewed from Punjab (Patiala, Bhatinda, Amritsar and Ludhiana districts) and 100 were selected from Haryana (Hisar, Karnal, Kaithal and Panipat districts). Simple arithmetic mean and percentages were used in the study. Result: The output-input ratio for kharif and rabi fodder in Punjab and Haryana were found to be of 1.52 to 1.64 and 3.61 to 4.12. Since, majority of the farmers in these states follow crop and dairy farming system, due consideration should be provided to fodder cultivation as well.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Orange wastes are bioactive compounds produced during the industrial transformation.The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding dried sweet orange byproducts (DOP) on broiler growth performance, serum metabolites and antioxidant status. Methods: A total of 200 of 20-day experimental broiler chicks were distributed into a completely randomized design which included 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 10 birds fed each. The dietary treatments included a control diet with no corn substitution and three diets containing 5, 10 and 15 % Dried Orange Pulp. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass traits, serum components, and blood antioxidant status were measured. Result: FCR and BWG of chickens were improved when using graded levels of DOP compared to the control group (P less than 0.05). Serum total protein and glucose were significantly increased (P less than 0.0001) in DOP groups compared to the control. Serum Cholesterol and triglyceride decreased significantly (P less than 0.0001) in the DOP groups. Higher Aspartate amino transferase, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Creatine Phospho Kinase activities were observed in Control group compared to the other treatments.
{"title":"Effect of Graded Levels of Dried Orange (Citrus sinensis) Byproducts on Production Efficiency, Blood Parameters and Antioxidant Status of Broiler Chickens","authors":"Chaib Eddour Ahmed Readh, Litim Miloud, Larbaoui Abdelkrim, Bouderoua Kaddour, Belhocine Chaïmaa","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-307","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Orange wastes are bioactive compounds produced during the industrial transformation.The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding dried sweet orange byproducts (DOP) on broiler growth performance, serum metabolites and antioxidant status. Methods: A total of 200 of 20-day experimental broiler chicks were distributed into a completely randomized design which included 4 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 10 birds fed each. The dietary treatments included a control diet with no corn substitution and three diets containing 5, 10 and 15 % Dried Orange Pulp. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass traits, serum components, and blood antioxidant status were measured. Result: FCR and BWG of chickens were improved when using graded levels of DOP compared to the control group (P less than 0.05). Serum total protein and glucose were significantly increased (P less than 0.0001) in DOP groups compared to the control. Serum Cholesterol and triglyceride decreased significantly (P less than 0.0001) in the DOP groups. Higher Aspartate amino transferase, Lactate Dehydrogenase and Creatine Phospho Kinase activities were observed in Control group compared to the other treatments.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48943273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mangoes are a tremendous source of nutrients that are vital for human nutrition and health. The concentrations of these nutrients vary across different kinds according to the environmental factors, ripening processes and maturity stages. Hence, the study was undertaken to study the influence of maturity stages, ripening process and days of storage on the colour values and physicochemical properties of Manjeera variety of mango. Methods: Mangoes that were gathered and processed at the FRS, SKLTSHU, Sangareddy. The mangoes’ physico-chemical examination and colour value were performed. Mangoes were collected at two maturity stages- 7-9Úbrix and 9-11Úbrix and processed using three different methods, control, 100 ppm ethylene treatment and 150 ppm ethylene treatment, before being stored for 12 days. At the fourth, eighth and twelfth days of storage, samples were taken for further evaluation. Result: The colour L*, a*, b* values gradually increased from day 4 to day 12 in all the treatments with the exception of L* value for 100 ppm ethylene treated mangoes harvested at 7-9°brix TSS and 9-11°brix TSS. It was found that acidity in all treatments reduced as ripening progressed. With the exception of control samples at 9-11°brix TSS, all 8th day samples for all treatments in the 7-9°brix and 9-11°brix TSS were found to have a high sugar: acid ratio. TSS, a measure of mango sweetness, was found to be highest on the eighth day in 150 ppm treated mangoes with 7-9°brix TSS, followed by 12 ppm ethylene-treated mangoes with 7-9°brix and 9-11°brix TSS and control mangoes with 9-11°brix TSS. Physical and chemical characteristics revealed that mangoes collected at 7-9°brix TSS have high TSS, total sugar and sugar: acid ratios in both 100 ppm and 150 ppm ethylene-treated mangoes.
{"title":"Effect of Maturity Stages and Ripening Process on the Colour (L*, a* and b*) Values and Physico-chemical Composition of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) var. Manjeera","authors":"H. Joshi, A. Kuna, M. Sreedhar, A. Kumar","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1988","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mangoes are a tremendous source of nutrients that are vital for human nutrition and health. The concentrations of these nutrients vary across different kinds according to the environmental factors, ripening processes and maturity stages. Hence, the study was undertaken to study the influence of maturity stages, ripening process and days of storage on the colour values and physicochemical properties of Manjeera variety of mango. Methods: Mangoes that were gathered and processed at the FRS, SKLTSHU, Sangareddy. The mangoes’ physico-chemical examination and colour value were performed. Mangoes were collected at two maturity stages- 7-9Úbrix and 9-11Úbrix and processed using three different methods, control, 100 ppm ethylene treatment and 150 ppm ethylene treatment, before being stored for 12 days. At the fourth, eighth and twelfth days of storage, samples were taken for further evaluation. Result: The colour L*, a*, b* values gradually increased from day 4 to day 12 in all the treatments with the exception of L* value for 100 ppm ethylene treated mangoes harvested at 7-9°brix TSS and 9-11°brix TSS. It was found that acidity in all treatments reduced as ripening progressed. With the exception of control samples at 9-11°brix TSS, all 8th day samples for all treatments in the 7-9°brix and 9-11°brix TSS were found to have a high sugar: acid ratio. TSS, a measure of mango sweetness, was found to be highest on the eighth day in 150 ppm treated mangoes with 7-9°brix TSS, followed by 12 ppm ethylene-treated mangoes with 7-9°brix and 9-11°brix TSS and control mangoes with 9-11°brix TSS. Physical and chemical characteristics revealed that mangoes collected at 7-9°brix TSS have high TSS, total sugar and sugar: acid ratios in both 100 ppm and 150 ppm ethylene-treated mangoes.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46075128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ankit R. Patel, H. B. Patel, V. Sarvaiya, R.D. Singh, H. Patel, Sanjay Vaghela, Sheen Tukra, S. Mody
Background: It is hypothesized that feeding lactic acid as a feed additive has the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics of many antimicrobial drugs being used for the treatment of infectious disease in general and marbofloxacin in particular; leading to either increased or decreased efficiency. Hence, the present study was planned to explore the effects of lactic acid pre-treatment on the pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after oral administration in broiler chickens. Methods: The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was investigated following single dose oral administration (5 mg/kg) in lactic acid pre-treated (8 gm/l each, oral, 10 days) broiler chickens. The plasma concentration of marbofloxacin was determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography to workout pharmacokinetic profile of marbofloxacin using non compartment model. Result: The AUC (area under curve) of marbofloxacin declined from 14.70 ìg·h/mL to 6.16 ìg·h/mL after pre-treatment of lactic acid. Similarly, the average values of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug decreased from 2.11 ìg/mL to 0.98 ìg/mL and mean body clearance (ClB) increased from 0.47 L/h/kg to 1.03 L/h/kg. The average elimination half-lives (t½â) of marbofloxacin before and after pre-treatment with lactic acid were 4.89 h and 2.81 h, respectively. Furthermore, the investigation revealed alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters evident in lactic acid pre-treated broiler chickens (as compared to non pre-treated birds) requiring adjustment of dosage regimens.
{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of Marbofloxacin Following Oral Administration in Lactic Acid Pretreated Broiler Chickens","authors":"Ankit R. Patel, H. B. Patel, V. Sarvaiya, R.D. Singh, H. Patel, Sanjay Vaghela, Sheen Tukra, S. Mody","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2046","url":null,"abstract":"Background: It is hypothesized that feeding lactic acid as a feed additive has the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics of many antimicrobial drugs being used for the treatment of infectious disease in general and marbofloxacin in particular; leading to either increased or decreased efficiency. Hence, the present study was planned to explore the effects of lactic acid pre-treatment on the pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after oral administration in broiler chickens. Methods: The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was investigated following single dose oral administration (5 mg/kg) in lactic acid pre-treated (8 gm/l each, oral, 10 days) broiler chickens. The plasma concentration of marbofloxacin was determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography to workout pharmacokinetic profile of marbofloxacin using non compartment model. Result: The AUC (area under curve) of marbofloxacin declined from 14.70 ìg·h/mL to 6.16 ìg·h/mL after pre-treatment of lactic acid. Similarly, the average values of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of drug decreased from 2.11 ìg/mL to 0.98 ìg/mL and mean body clearance (ClB) increased from 0.47 L/h/kg to 1.03 L/h/kg. The average elimination half-lives (t½â) of marbofloxacin before and after pre-treatment with lactic acid were 4.89 h and 2.81 h, respectively. Furthermore, the investigation revealed alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters evident in lactic acid pre-treated broiler chickens (as compared to non pre-treated birds) requiring adjustment of dosage regimens.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49272496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Williams, O. Akinola, T. Adeleye, O. Irekhore, A. Lala, A. O. Oso, O. Williams
Background: The use of alternative feedstuff like cassava peel and leaf in pig production is of great concern due to reduced nutrient availability caused by high fibre and antinutritional constituent. The current study investigated the effect of dietary inclusion of differently processed cassava peel-leaf blend (CPLB) on growth and blood parameters of growing pigs. Methods: CPLB (Cassava peel: Cassava leaf; 5:1) was included in pigs diet in a feeding trial for 16 wks. The CPLB replaced maize at 100%. 24 pigs of mean weight range (20-22 kg) were assigned on a weight equalization basis to four dietary treatments having six replicates with one pig per replicate. A standard corn soya-based diet (control), Unfermented CPLB (UCPLB), water fermented CPLB (WCPLB) and microbial fermented CPLB (MCPLB) using Aspergillus tamarii as inoculum was formulated. Growth response was measured and serum analysis was carried out at the end of the 8th and 16th week. Result: There was no significant (p greater than 0.05) effect on growth performance at the end of the 8th and 16th weeks. Dietary inclusion of MCPLB resulted in higher (p less than 0.05) cholesterol (144.30 mmol/L) in pigs than those fed control diet (97.20 mm/L) at the end of 8th week. Pigs fed diet containing UCPLB had reduced (p less than 0.05) serum creatinine (0.58 mg/dl) at the end of 16th week. In conclusion, CPLB based diet irrespective of processing method did not significantly affect growth performance and without negative effect on blood serum parameters.
{"title":"Influence of Processed Cassava Peel-leaf Blend as Replacement for Maize on Growth Performance and Serum Parameters of Growing Pigs","authors":"G. Williams, O. Akinola, T. Adeleye, O. Irekhore, A. Lala, A. O. Oso, O. Williams","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-278","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of alternative feedstuff like cassava peel and leaf in pig production is of great concern due to reduced nutrient availability caused by high fibre and antinutritional constituent. The current study investigated the effect of dietary inclusion of differently processed cassava peel-leaf blend (CPLB) on growth and blood parameters of growing pigs. Methods: CPLB (Cassava peel: Cassava leaf; 5:1) was included in pigs diet in a feeding trial for 16 wks. The CPLB replaced maize at 100%. 24 pigs of mean weight range (20-22 kg) were assigned on a weight equalization basis to four dietary treatments having six replicates with one pig per replicate. A standard corn soya-based diet (control), Unfermented CPLB (UCPLB), water fermented CPLB (WCPLB) and microbial fermented CPLB (MCPLB) using Aspergillus tamarii as inoculum was formulated. Growth response was measured and serum analysis was carried out at the end of the 8th and 16th week. Result: There was no significant (p greater than 0.05) effect on growth performance at the end of the 8th and 16th weeks. Dietary inclusion of MCPLB resulted in higher (p less than 0.05) cholesterol (144.30 mmol/L) in pigs than those fed control diet (97.20 mm/L) at the end of 8th week. Pigs fed diet containing UCPLB had reduced (p less than 0.05) serum creatinine (0.58 mg/dl) at the end of 16th week. In conclusion, CPLB based diet irrespective of processing method did not significantly affect growth performance and without negative effect on blood serum parameters.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47545571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brajapal Singh, M. Yadav, P. Yadav, Ved Prakash, D. Rai, Aman Rathaur
Background: Herbs are abundantly grown throughout India's numerous states, which encourages the development of herbs-infused products that provide health advantages in addition to flavour and taste for functional dairy products. Hence, the present study was undertaken to develop functional chhana spread by using moringa leaves extractions as a source of antioxidants and phenolics. Methods: The chhana spread was formulated with moringa leaves extractions at different incorporation levels of 4%, 6%, and 8% and compared with control. The developed moringa chhana spread was investigated for its sensory characteristics, physico-chemical, antioxidant and phenolic properties. Result: The moringa leaves extraction with 6% incorporation level in chhana showed higher overall acceptability than others. Among the physico-chemical properties, there were no significant differences in moisture and lactose percentage between control and treated groups. As extraction levels in the chhana increased, protein, fat and ash percentages were significantly increased. Antioxidants and phenolic contents were found significantly higher in 8% of moringa leaves extraction group and lowest was found in control group. Consequently, moringa leaves extract could be used as a natural antioxidant and phenolic ingredient to develop a novel chhana spread.
{"title":"Development of Chhana Spread by Incorporating Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Leaves Extract as a Source of Antioxidants and Phenolics","authors":"Brajapal Singh, M. Yadav, P. Yadav, Ved Prakash, D. Rai, Aman Rathaur","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.dr-2082","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Herbs are abundantly grown throughout India's numerous states, which encourages the development of herbs-infused products that provide health advantages in addition to flavour and taste for functional dairy products. Hence, the present study was undertaken to develop functional chhana spread by using moringa leaves extractions as a source of antioxidants and phenolics. Methods: The chhana spread was formulated with moringa leaves extractions at different incorporation levels of 4%, 6%, and 8% and compared with control. The developed moringa chhana spread was investigated for its sensory characteristics, physico-chemical, antioxidant and phenolic properties. Result: The moringa leaves extraction with 6% incorporation level in chhana showed higher overall acceptability than others. Among the physico-chemical properties, there were no significant differences in moisture and lactose percentage between control and treated groups. As extraction levels in the chhana increased, protein, fat and ash percentages were significantly increased. Antioxidants and phenolic contents were found significantly higher in 8% of moringa leaves extraction group and lowest was found in control group. Consequently, moringa leaves extract could be used as a natural antioxidant and phenolic ingredient to develop a novel chhana spread.\u0000","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45531429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Al-Kindi, A. Ahuja, Razna Almaimani, Siham Khamis Al-Mamari, M. Al-Balushi
Background: Antibiotics are heavily used for animal treatment, growth enhancer and protection from disease. The residues of antibiotics are related to antibiotic resistance which is the biggest threats to global health, food security and development today. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of antibiotic residues in available red meat in the Sultanate of Oman. Methods: The extraction was done using QuEChERS method by Aglient and 11 standards were used. The extract was analyzed using The Aglient 6460 LC-MS/MS. Result: The results showed that investigated Omani goat muscle and liver were free of antibiotics as latter they used as blank sample. All investigated Somali goat samples didn’t contain Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Ceftiofur, Oxacillin, Deoxytetracline, Tylosin and Phenoxymethylpenicillin. Only two samples had Tilmicosin with value of 18-32.2 µl/kg which was that was lower than maxiumam residual limit (MRL). Around 48% of total somali goat samples contained Oxytetracycline (OXY) and Chlorotetracycline (CTC) with value lower than MRL. However, two samples had values of CTC and OXY exceeding the MRL. Ciprofloxacin and Enrofloxacine were detected in 9 samples exceeding the MRL. The finding of this study showed unsafe food source supply to Oman as detection of antibiotic residues in meat.
{"title":"Investigation of Antibiotics Residues in Imported and Locally Produced Red Meat in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman","authors":"S. Al-Kindi, A. Ahuja, Razna Almaimani, Siham Khamis Al-Mamari, M. Al-Balushi","doi":"10.18805/ajdfr.drf-294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.drf-294","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antibiotics are heavily used for animal treatment, growth enhancer and protection from disease. The residues of antibiotics are related to antibiotic resistance which is the biggest threats to global health, food security and development today. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of antibiotic residues in available red meat in the Sultanate of Oman. Methods: The extraction was done using QuEChERS method by Aglient and 11 standards were used. The extract was analyzed using The Aglient 6460 LC-MS/MS. Result: The results showed that investigated Omani goat muscle and liver were free of antibiotics as latter they used as blank sample. All investigated Somali goat samples didn’t contain Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Ceftiofur, Oxacillin, Deoxytetracline, Tylosin and Phenoxymethylpenicillin. Only two samples had Tilmicosin with value of 18-32.2 µl/kg which was that was lower than maxiumam residual limit (MRL). Around 48% of total somali goat samples contained Oxytetracycline (OXY) and Chlorotetracycline (CTC) with value lower than MRL. However, two samples had values of CTC and OXY exceeding the MRL. Ciprofloxacin and Enrofloxacine were detected in 9 samples exceeding the MRL. The finding of this study showed unsafe food source supply to Oman as detection of antibiotic residues in meat.","PeriodicalId":89171,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dairying, foods & home sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45040198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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