Blood Pressure Monitoring最新文献

Cardiovascular events are positively associated with primary hypertension (HTN), obesity, and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and negatively with healthy dietary patterns, such as Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), Mediterranean diet (MD), and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). The aim is to analyze the association between healthy dietary patterns with body composition and CRF. Body composition (bioimpedance) and CRF [peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak)] were assessed in 165 participants with HTN and overweight/obesity. There were (1) a positive association (unadjusted) between fat-free mass (%) with DASH and MD (P = 0.03) and a negative association between fat mass (%) and MD (P = 0.03); (2) positive associations (adjusted) between V̇O2peak (l·min-1) with DASH (P = 0.007), HDI (P = 0.017), and MD (P = 0.010) and V̇O2peak (ml·kg-1·min-1) with DASH (P = 0.005); (3) a negative relationship (unadjusted and adjusted) between energy intake and DASH (P = 0.004). In conclusion, these findings highlight the cardiovascular health protection provided by healthy dietary patterns associated with healthier CRF and body composition in people with a profile of HTN and overweight.

This study aimed to validate the accuracy of the test device (TMB-2296-BT) blood pressure (BP) monitor in adults according to International Standard Organization (ISO) 81060-2:2018 + Amd.1:2020 universal standard protocol, which is a digital monitor. Three trained observers used the same arm sequential method to compare the SBPs and DBPs measured by the test device with those measured by the reference device (mercury sphygmomanometer). For the test device with cuff ranging from 22 to 32 cm, there are 88 adults, with a male-to-female ratio of 35 : 53. The mean difference and SD between reference BPs and test device BPs readings were (0.21 ± 2.59)/(0.66 ± 2.12) mmHg for SBP/DBP for criterion 1, and (0.21 ± 2.07)/(0.66 ± 1.76) mmHg for SBP/DBP for criterion 2. For the test device with cuffs ranging from 22 to 42 cm, there are 87 adults, with a male-to-female ratio of 49 : 38. The mean difference and SD between reference BPs and test device BPs readings were (-1.62 ± 2.80)/(0.12 ± 3.01) mmHg for SBP/DBP for criterion 1, and (-1.62 ± 2.35)/(0.12 ± 2.60) mmHg for SBP/ DBP for criterion 2. And for the test device with cuff arm circumference sizes of 22-32 cm and 22-42 cm fulfilled both validation criterion 1 and 2 of the ISO 81060-2:2018 + Amd.1:2020 standard and can be recommended for both clinical and self/home BP measurement in adults.

Purpose: The performance of the Omron HEM-7372T1-AZAZ (BP5460) in monitoring blood pressure (BP) in the upper arm was validated in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 81060-2:2018 (E) and amendment (Amd)1:2020 protocol.

Methods: The device was used to assess 98 participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, including the range of arm circumference and systolic and diastolic BP, in accordance with the protocol. Data validation and analysis were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Results: In the ISO validation procedure (criterion 1), the mean ± SD of the differences between test device readings and reference BP was 0.3 ± 6.17/3.6 ± 5.26 mmHg (systolic/diastolic). These data fulfilled the ISO requirements of ≤5±≤8 mmHg. The mean differences between the observer measurements and Omron HEM-7372T1-AZAZ (BP5460) readings were 0.3 ± 4.82 mmHg for systolic BP and 3.6 ± 4.78 mmHg for diastolic BP, fulfilling criterion 2 with SD values of ≤6.95 for SBP and ≤5.89 for DBP. Therefore, two ISO criteria were fulfilled.

Conclusion: The Omron HEM-7372T1-AZAZ BP monitor fulfilled the requirements of the ISO validation standard. This device can be recommended for home BP measurements in the general population.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the correlation between long-term blood pressure variability (BPV) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among population with different blood pressure statuses (normotension, well-controlled hypertension, and uncontrolled hypertension).

Methods: In this ambispective cohort study, CVD-free residents aged over 50 years were consecutively enrolled from two community health service centers (CHCs) in Tianjin, China from April 2017 to May 2017. Information on blood pressure was retrospectively extracted from electronic medical records of CHCs between January 2010 and May 2017, and the occurrence of new-onset CVDs was prospectively observed during follow-up until September 2019. Long-term variation of SBP and DBP was assessed using four indicators: SD, coefficient of variation (CV), average successive variability (ASV), and average real variability (ARV). Cox proportional hazards regression model was developed to identify the potential impact of BPV on the incidence of CVDs. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was utilized to evaluate the predictive value of BPV indicators for the occurrence of CVDs.

Results: Of 1275 participants included, 412 (32.3%) experienced new CVD events during the median 7.7 years of follow-up, with an incidence density of 499/10 000 person-year in the whole cohort. Cox regression analysis revealed that almost all SBP and DBP variability indicators (except for SBP-SD) were significantly related to the risk of CVDs, especially among individuals with well-controlled hypertension. A trend toward an increased risk of CVDs across BPV quartiles was also observed. Moderate predictive abilities of BPV were observed, with the area under ROC curves ranging between 0.649 and 0.736. For SBP variability, SD had the lowest predictive ability, whereas for DBP variability, ARV had the lowest predictive ability. No significant association of CVDs with SBP-SD was found in all analyses, no matter as a continuous or categorical variable.

Conclusion: Elevated long-term BPV is associated with an increased risk of CVDs, especially among individuals with well-controlled hypertension. CV and ASV had higher predictive values than SD and ARV.

Hypertension, a widespread cardiovascular issue, presents a major global health challenge. Traditional diagnosis and treatment methods involve periodic blood pressure monitoring and prescribing antihypertensive drugs. Smart technology integration in healthcare offers promising results in optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions. We investigate its role in improving hypertension diagnosis and treatment effectiveness using machine learning algorithms for early and accurate detection. Intelligent models trained on diverse datasets (encompassing physiological parameters, lifestyle factors, and genetic information) to detect subtle hypertension risk patterns. Adaptive algorithms analyze patient-specific data, optimizing treatment plans based on medication responses and lifestyle habits. This personalized approach ensures effective, minimally invasive interventions tailored to each patient. Wearables and smart sensors provide real-time health insights for proactive treatment adjustments and early complication detection.

Objective: Physiologically, at night, blood pressure (BP) is expected to decrease by at least 10% in hypertensive individuals. The absence of this decrease, called non-dipper hypertension, is associated with increased end-organ damage and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in hypertensive individuals. It is known that increased inflammatory process plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of non-dipper hypertension pattern. In recent years, it has been shown that inflammation-based markers (IBMs) obtained by combining various inflammation-related hematological and biochemical parameters in a single fraction have stronger predictive value than single inflammatory parameters. However, until now, there has not been a study investigating the relationship of these markers with dipper/non-dipper status in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.

Methods: Based on ambulatory BP monitoring, 217 dipper and 301 non-dipper naive hypertensive subjects were included in this study. All subjects' IBM values were compared between dipper and non-dipper hypertensive individuals.

Results: IBMs [C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), uric acid/albumin ratio (UAR)] were significantly higher in the non-dipper group. CAR, MHR, NLR, SII, and UAR were determined as independent predictors for non-dipper pattern ( P  < 0.05, for all). Also, UAR's diagnostic performance for non-dipper pattern was found to be superior to other IBMs (area under the curve: 0.783, 95% confidence interval: 0.743-0.822; P  < 0.001).

Conclusion: These findings suggest an association between elevated IBMs, particularly UAR, and the non-dipper hypertension pattern observed in our study.

Introduction: Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) have elevated blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) and reduced baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) at rest for several days after initial stroke symptoms. We aimed to assess BPV and BRS in AIS patients during pressor challenge maneuvers in the acute and subacute phases of stroke. Pressor challenge maneuvers simulate day-to-day activities and can predict the quality of life.

Methods: Continuous beat-to-beat BP and ECG in 15 AIS patients (mean age 69 ± 7.5 years) and 15 healthy controls (57 ± 16 years) were recorded at rest and during a 5-min rapid head positioning (RHP) paradigm. Patients were assessed within 24 h (acute phase) and 7 days (subacute phase) of stroke onset. Low frequency (LF) SBP power (measure of BPV), LF-α, and combined α-index (measure of BRS) were calculated from the recordings.

Results: In the acute phase, at rest, LF-SBP power was higher ( P  = 0.024) and α-index was lower ( P  = 0.006) in AIS patients than in healthy controls. There was no change in LF-SBP during RHP in the patients but in healthy controls, it increased significantly ( P  = 0.018). In the subacute phase, at rest, the alpha-index increased ( P  = 0.037) and LF-SBP decreased ( P  = 0.029) significantly in the AIS patients, however, there was still no rise in the LF-SBP power during RHP ( P  = 0.240).

Conclusion: AIS patients have a high resting BPV. High resting BPV may be responsible for blunted BPV responses during pressor challenge maneuvers such as RHP, suggesting ongoing autonomic dysfunction and compromised quality of life.

Objectives: To determine the independent effect of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and the combined effects of hs-CRP and other traditional risk factors on microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients during the 3-year follow-up period.

Methods and results: Baseline hs-CRP levels and other risk factors were measured in 280 adults in 2007. In the third year of examination, 199 patients (mean age 62.5 ± 9.5, men 59.3%) were approached for the measurement of microalbuminuria. The subjects were classified into two groups by the median of baseline hs-CRP. Compared to the patients with baseline hs-CRP below the median group ( n  = 99, 50%), the group with baseline hs-CRP above the median ( n  = 100, 50%) had higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) ( P  = 0.007) at the end of follow-up period. ACR at the end of follow-up period was significantly correlated with baseline diabetes ( β  = 0.342; P  < 0.001), baseline SBP ( β  = 0.148; P  = 0.02), and baseline log-transformed hs-CRP ( β  = 0.169; P  = 0.01), while adversely correlated with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ( β  = -0.163; P  = 0.02) in multivariate stepwise linear analysis. In addition, ACR change during follow-up period was significantly correlated with baseline diabetes ( β  = 0.359; P  < 0.001) and baseline log-transformed hs-CRP ( β  = 0.190; P  = 0.004) in multivariate stepwise linear analysis. The combined effects of baseline hs-CRP and conventional risk factors, such as male sex, diabetes, smoking status, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, and mildly reduced eGFR had a greater risk for microalbuminuria progression. There was no difference in eGFR changes during the follow-up period between two groups.

Conclusion: Our findings offer a new piece of evidence on the predictive value of baseline hs-CRP for microalbuminuria progression in essential hypertensive patients, and highlight those who combined with traditional cardiovascular risk factors had a greater risk for developing microalbuminuria.

The impact of wearing a face mask for an extended duration is unknown. This study aimed to determine if wearing a face mask for 10 h impacts blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness. Subjects received an ambulatory blood pressure cuff and were asked to wear it for 10 h while readings were taken every 15 min. During the face mask trial, subjects wore an N95 mask for 10 h. During the control, subjects did not wear a mask. Subjects were randomized to start their trial. An accelerometer was given to ensure no physical activity differences. Linear mixed models were used to determine group differences, and McNemar test was used to assess frequency differences when determining BP load. Twelve college-aged (20.5 ± 1.5 years) male (n = 5) and female (n = 7) individuals with normal BP participated in this study. There were no differences in time spent in any physical activity domain (all P > 0.05). There was no difference in brachial SBP (P = 0.688), brachial DBP (P = 0.063), central SBP (P = 0.875), central DBP (P = 0.246), heart rate (P = 0.125), and augmentation pressure (P = 0.158) between conditions. During mask condition, augmentation pressure was reduced by 5.2 ± 3.1% compared to control (P < 0.001). There were no frequency differences in the number of BP readings above 140 mmHg for SBP (P = 0.479) and >90 mmHg for DBP (P = 0.212). The current study found that wearing an N95 mask for 10 h did not affect brachial or central BP but significantly decreased augmentation pressure.

Objective: Since hyperuricemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease, it is necessary to pay attention to trends in uric acid levels when treating hypertensive patients with drugs. The present study investigated the effect of switching from angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) to sacubitril/valsartan on serum uric acid levels in treated hypertensive patients and further examined what factors could be associated with its effect.

Methods: In 75 hypertensive patients under treatment with at least one antihypertensive agent including ARB, clinic blood pressure and biochemical parameters were assessed before and after drug switching to sacubitril/valsartan (200 mg/day).

Results: Clinic SBP and DBP significantly decreased after drug switching to sacubitril/valsartan (P < 0.0001, respectively). Serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary protein did not change after switching to sacubitril/valsartan, but serum uric acid significantly decreased (5.70 ± 1.44 to 5.40 ± 1.43 mg/dl, P = 0.0017). The degree of uric acid lowering was greater in patients switching from ARB plus diuretic than in those switching from ARB, but switching to sacubitril/valsartan from ARB only (except losartan) also significantly decreased uric acid levels. In all subjects, the change in serum uric acid after drug switching to sacubitril/valsartan was closely correlated with the change in eGFR (r = -0.5264, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that switching from ARB to sacubitril/valsartan reduces serum uric acid levels in hypertensive patients and suggest that this uric acid-lowering effect may be associated with an increase in eGFR.