Journal of assistive technologies最新文献

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A portable application for supporting ABA intervention 支持ABA干预的便携式应用程序

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2013-11-10 DOI: 10.1108/17549451311328763

Silvia Artoni, Maria Claudia Buzzi, M. Buzzi, Claudia Fenili, B. Leporini, S. Mencarini, C. Senette

Purpose – Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a scientific method for modelling human behavior, successfully applied in the context of Autism. Recording and sharing measurable data (on subjects’ performance) between caregivers guarantees consistency of learning programs and allows monitoring the learning enhancements. Data are usually recorded on paper, which requires considerable effort and is subject to error. The purpose of this paper is to describe a portable application developed to support ABA tutors in their work with autistic subjects. It allows gathering data from ABA sessions, giving tutors rapid access to information, also in graphical formats.Design/methodology/approach – The tool was designed via participatory design. Various ABA team members were involved, in order to make the application respond perfectly to their needs. The approach aims to ensure maximum usability, while minimizing errors and ambient interference.Findings – The use of mobile devices (i.e. tablets or smartphones) allows mob...

应用行为分析(ABA)是一种模拟人类行为的科学方法，成功地应用于自闭症的研究中。在护理人员之间记录和共享可测量的数据(关于受试者的表现)，保证了学习计划的一致性，并允许监控学习的增强。数据通常记录在纸上，这需要相当的努力，而且容易出错。本文的目的是描述一个便携式的应用程序开发，以支持ABA教师在他们的工作与自闭症受试者。它允许从ABA会议中收集数据，让导师快速访问信息，也是以图形格式。设计/方法/方法-该工具是通过参与式设计设计的。为了使应用程序完美地响应他们的需求，各种ABA团队成员都参与了进来。该方法旨在确保最大的可用性，同时最大限度地减少错误和环境干扰。调查结果-使用移动设备(如平板电脑或智能手机)允许暴徒…

引用次数: 6

Web site review 网站评论

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2013-11-07 DOI: 10.1108/JAT.2013.55107AAA.002

A. Aspinall

引用次数: 0

Crosswatch: a System for Providing Guidance to Visually Impaired Travelers at Traffic Intersections. Crosswatch:一个在交通路口为视障人士提供指引的系统。

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2013-04-01 DOI: 10.1108/17549451311328808

James M Coughlan, Huiying Shen

Purpose: This paper describes recent progress on the "Crosswatch" project, a smartphone-based system developed for providing guidance to blind and visually impaired travelers at traffic intersections. Building on past work on Crosswatch functionality to help the user achieve proper alignment with the crosswalk and read the status of walk lights to know when it is time to cross, we outline the directions Crosswatch is now taking to help realize its potential for becoming a practical system: namely, augmenting computer vision with other information sources, including geographic information systems (GIS) and sensor data, and inferring the user's location much more precisely than is possible through GPS alone, to provide a much larger range of information about traffic intersections to the pedestrian.

Design/methodology/approach: The paper summarizes past progress on Crosswatch and describes details about the development of new Crosswatch functionalities. One such functionality, which is required for determination of the user's precise location, is studied in detail, including the design of a suitable user interface to support this functionality and preliminary tests of this interface with visually impaired volunteer subjects.

Findings: The results of the tests of the new Crosswatch functionality demonstrate that the functionality is feasible in that it is usable by visually impaired persons.

Research limitations/implications: While the tests that were conducted of the new Crosswatch functionality are preliminary, the results of the tests have suggested several possible improvements, to be explored in the future.

Practical implications: The results described in this paper suggest that the necessary technologies used by the Crosswatch system are rapidly maturing, implying that the system has an excellent chance of becoming practical in the near future.

Originality/value: The paper addresses an innovative solution to a key problem faced by blind and visually impaired travelers, which has the potential to greatly improve independent travel for these individuals.

目的:本文描述了“Crosswatch”项目的最新进展，这是一个基于智能手机的系统，用于在交通路口为盲人和视障人士提供指导。在Crosswatch功能过去的工作基础上，帮助用户实现与人行横道的正确对准，并读取步行灯的状态，以知道何时该过马路，我们概述了Crosswatch现在采取的方向，以帮助实现其成为一个实用系统的潜力:也就是说，利用其他信息源(包括地理信息系统(GIS)和传感器数据)增强计算机视觉，并比仅通过GPS更精确地推断用户的位置，从而为行人提供更大范围的交通十字路口信息。设计/方法论/方法:本文总结了Crosswatch过去的进展，并详细描述了Crosswatch新功能的开发。详细研究了确定用户精确位置所需的一种功能，包括设计支持该功能的合适用户界面，并对视障志愿者进行了该界面的初步测试。研究结果:新Crosswatch功能的测试结果表明，该功能是可行的，因为它可以被视障人士使用。研究限制/影响:虽然对Crosswatch新功能进行的测试是初步的，但测试结果提出了一些可能的改进，需要在未来进行探索。实际意义:本文所描述的结果表明，Crosswatch系统所使用的必要技术正在迅速成熟，这意味着该系统在不久的将来有很大的机会变得实用。原创性/价值:本文针对盲人和视障旅行者面临的关键问题提出了一个创新的解决方案，这有可能极大地改善这些人的自助旅行。

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引用次数: 34

Using QR codes to aid accessibility in a museum 使用QR码来帮助博物馆的无障碍访问

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285771

A. Haworth, P. Williams

Purpose – This paper describes visitors' reactions to using an Apple iPad or smartphone to follow trails in a museum by scanning QR codes and draws conclusions on the potential for this technology to help improve accessibility at low‐cost.Design/methodology/approach – Activities were devised which involved visitors following trails around museum objects, each labelled with a QR code and symbolised text. Visitors scanned the QR codes using a mobile device which then showed more information about an object. Project‐team members acted as participant‐observers, engaging with visitors and noting how they used the system. Experiences from each activity fed into the design of the next.Findings – Some physical and technical problems with using QR codes can be overcome with the introduction of simple aids, particularly using movable object labels. A layered approach to information access is possible with the first layer comprising a label, the second a mobile‐web enabled screen and the third choices of text, pictu...

目的-本文描述了游客使用苹果iPad或智能手机通过扫描QR码来跟踪博物馆轨迹的反应，并得出了这项技术的潜力，以帮助提高低成本的可访问性。设计/方法/方法——设计了一些活动，让游客沿着博物馆物品周围的路径行走，每个物品都标有二维码和符号文本。参观者使用移动设备扫描二维码，然后显示有关该物体的更多信息。项目团队成员扮演参与者观察者的角色，与访客互动，并注意他们如何使用系统。每一项活动的经验都融入到下一项活动的设计中。研究结果-使用QR码的一些物理和技术问题可以通过引入简单的辅助工具来克服，特别是使用可移动的物体标签。信息访问的分层方法是可能的，第一层包括标签，第二层是支持移动网络的屏幕，第三层是文本，图片…

引用次数: 25

Design Meets Disability 设计满足残疾

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285807

J. Jepson

引用次数: 0

Usability and abandonment of assistive technology 辅助技术的可用性和放弃

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285753

B. Ravneberg

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus upon some important prerequisites for a qualitative good life for people who are users of signalling devices, prerequisites that at the same time represent barriers for communication, mobility and partaking in ordinary activities. It is also to discuss usability and user satisfaction from a new angle by combining disability studies with STS‐perspectives (Science, Technology and Society) in order to grasp the connection between disability as a social phenomenon and technology as a social actor. The paper discusses reasons for abandonment of AT‐devices (assistive technology‐devices) and the shaping of action by technologies.Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach is used by the way of semi‐structured interviews with users and public and private service providers in the Norwegian hearing aid market. A bottom‐up strategy is used for data collection. First, users of signaling devices were interviewed about their experiences on how to get and use devi...

目的-本文的目的是关注信号设备用户质量良好生活的一些重要先决条件，这些先决条件同时代表了通信，移动和参与日常活动的障碍。本文还将残疾研究与STS - perspectives (Science, Technology and Society)相结合，从一个新的角度讨论可用性和用户满意度，以把握作为社会现象的残疾与作为社会行动者的技术之间的联系。本文讨论了辅助技术设备(辅助技术设备)被抛弃的原因以及技术对行动的影响。设计/方法/方法-通过对挪威助听器市场的用户和公共和私人服务提供商进行半结构化访谈的方式，采用定性方法。数据收集采用自下而上的策略。首先，对信令设备的用户进行了采访，了解他们如何获取和使用信令设备的经验。

引用次数: 33

Self‐care, plesio‐care, telecare and m‐care: a new assisted living model 自我护理、肢体护理、远程护理和护理:一种新的辅助生活模式

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285780

K. Doughty, D. Godfrey, B. Mulvihill

Purpose – This paper critically reviews the motivations for introducing different connected healthcare to support Assisted Living in older and other vulnerable groups. The aim is to develop a new approach that will be sustainable in the future.Design/methodology/approach – The methodology involves a consideration of assessment criteria currently being employed and the resulting costs and limitations in providing a person centred approach. The implications of introducing new technologies such as plesiocare and mCare are then considered.Findings – It was found that one of the most cost‐effective applications of technology is in the support of informal carers but the telecare equipment that they are offered may not be the most appropriate.Research limitations/implications – The findings are limited by a lack of formal risk assessments that are person centred. The implications include the need for improved training in assessment processes and access to a wider inventory of technologies.Practical implications ...

目的-本文批判性地回顾了引入不同连接医疗保健以支持老年人和其他弱势群体辅助生活的动机。其目的是开发一种在未来可持续发展的新方法。设计/方法/方法-该方法包括考虑目前采用的评估标准以及由此产生的成本和提供以人为本的方法的局限性。然后考虑引入新技术(如plesiocare和mCare)的影响。研究结果-研究发现，技术最具成本效益的应用之一是支持非正式护理人员，但他们所提供的远程医疗设备可能不是最合适的。研究局限性/影响-研究结果受到缺乏以人为中心的正式风险评估的限制。所涉问题包括需要改进评估过程方面的培训和获得更广泛的技术清单。实际意义……

引用次数: 2

Assistive Technology: Principles and Application for Communication Disorders and Special Education 辅助技术:沟通障碍与特殊教育的原理与应用

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285799

A. Aspinall

引用次数: 3

Realistic Expectations with Brain Computer Interfaces 对脑机接口的现实期望

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285735

M. Mulvenna, G. Lightbody, Eileen Thomson, P. Mccullagh, Melanie P. Ware, Suzanne Martin

Purpose – This paper describes the research underpinning the development and evaluation of a brain computer interface (BCI) system designed to be suitable for domestic use by people with acquired brain injury in order to facilitate control of their home environment. The purpose of the research is to develop a robust and user‐friendly BCI system which was customisable in terms of user ability, preferences and functionality. Specifically the human interface was designed to provide consistent visual metaphors in usage, while applications change, for example, from environmental control to entertainment and communications.Design/methodology/approach – The research took a user centred design approach involving representative end‐users throughout the design and evaluation process. A qualitative study adopting user interviews alongside interactive workshops highlighted the issues that needed to be addressed in the development of a user interface for such a system. User validation then underpinned prototype develo...

目的:本文描述了一种脑机接口(BCI)系统的开发和评估研究，该系统的设计适用于获得性脑损伤患者的家庭使用，以促进他们对家庭环境的控制。本研究的目的是开发一个健壮且用户友好的BCI系统，该系统可根据用户能力、偏好和功能进行定制。具体来说，人机界面的设计是为了在应用程序发生变化时提供一致的视觉隐喻，例如，从环境控制到娱乐和通信。设计/方法论/方法-该研究采用了以用户为中心的设计方法，在整个设计和评估过程中涉及具有代表性的最终用户。一项采用用户访谈和互动讲习班的定性研究突出了在为这种系统开发用户界面时需要解决的问题。用户验证是原型开发的基础……

引用次数: 17

Home modification guidelines as recommended by visually impaired people 视障人士建议的家居装修指引

Journal of assistive technologies

Pub Date : 2012-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/17549451211285762

A. Riazi, M. Boon, C. Bridge, S. Dain

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an evidence-base for home modification guidelines for people with visual impairment due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), from the perspective of people with AMD, by exploring the home modifications they find useful and would recommend to other people with visual impairment due to AMD as being effective. Design/methodology/approach – People with impairments may not be aware of their own coping with inability strategies until they are asked to express their strategies. A qualitative approach using semi-structured individual interviews was used to elicit the perspectives of people with AMD with regards to their preferred home modification interventions. Interviews were recorded and then transcribed verbatim into text for thematical analysis using Nvivo 8. Findings – In total, 31 individuals (aged 79.1 ^ 5.6 years) with AMD and no other ocular diseases were recruited from a low vision clinic or the Macular Degeneration Foundation database in a metropolitan city. Interviewees had not received any formal home modification assessment from a government provider. Nevertheless, 70 per cent of participants stated that they undertook home modifications themselves or with the assistance of family and friends. The most important functional modifications as perceived by the participants concerned the installation of hand rails, non-slip matting, colour contrasting safety stair nosing, single lever taps, slip resistant flooring, lift chairs and motion sensors that activated pathway lighting. Kitchens, steps and bathrooms were perceived as hazardous locations. Most participants had difficulties with reading fine-print material on kitchen appliances, washing machines, microwave ovens and remote controls for electronic devices in the home. Originality/value – An evidence-base for useful home modifications as suggested by people with visual impairment was perceived to be a valuable resource for other people with visual impairment who may not yet have developed adaptive strategies. Industrial and interior designers and low vision rehabilitation services who aim to improve functionality of the home environment will also find these suggestions useful.

目的-本文的目的是从AMD患者的角度出发，通过探索他们认为有用的家庭改造，并将其推荐给其他因AMD而导致视力障碍的人，为因年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)而导致视力障碍的人提供家庭改造指南的证据基础。设计/方法/方法——有缺陷的人可能没有意识到他们自己应对无能的策略，直到他们被要求表达他们的策略。采用半结构化个人访谈的定性方法来引出AMD患者对他们首选的家庭改造干预措施的观点。访谈被记录下来，然后逐字转录成文本，用Nvivo 8进行主题分析。研究结果:共有31例(年龄79.1 ^ 5.6岁)患有黄斑变性且无其他眼部疾病的患者从一个大城市的低视力诊所或黄斑变性基金会数据库中招募。受访者没有接受过政府机构的正式房屋改造评估。然而，70%的参加者表示，他们自己或在家人和朋友的协助下进行了房屋改造。参与者认为最重要的功能修改涉及安装扶手、防滑垫、颜色对比的安全楼梯鼻子、单杆水龙头、防滑地板、升降椅和激活通道照明的运动传感器。厨房、台阶和浴室被认为是危险场所。大多数参与者在阅读厨房电器、洗衣机、微波炉和家用电子设备遥控器的精细印刷材料方面存在困难。原创性/价值-视障人士建议的有用家居改造的证据基础被认为是其他可能尚未制定适应策略的视障人士的宝贵资源。旨在改善家庭环境功能的工业和室内设计师以及低视力康复服务机构也会发现这些建议很有用。

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引用次数: 13

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